• While antibody-based immunoassays have proven to be very sensitive and specific, there are some limitations which can be overcome with the ELASA, or Enzyme-Linked Aptamer Sorbent Assay. (basepairbio.com)
  • Patients were divided into 3 age morbidity and mortality in patients with generation enzyme-linked immuno- groups (Table 1) but no significant end-stage renal disease (ESRD) treated sorbent assay (ELISA) kits (Diagnostic relationship between HCV genotype by dialysis or transplantation [1-3]. (who.int)
  • Unfortunately, antibody-based dot blot assays are unstable at high temperatures and are optimized for detection in biological samples. (basepairbio.com)
  • Target binding by the proximity probes increases their local relative effective concentration of the DNA-tags enabling hybridization of weak complementarity to each other which then enables a DNA polymerase mediated extension forming a united DNA sequence specific for each target protein detected. (wikipedia.org)
  • PEA is derived from the proximity ligation assay (PLA) which uses a DNA ligase enzyme to unite the sequences of the proximity probes instead of a DNA polymerase. (wikipedia.org)
  • Active caspases can then cleave many proteins, including poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP), other caspases and other protein substrates en masse. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and polymerase chain reaction testing were performed. (who.int)
  • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays and sequencing was used to determine the presence of β-lactamase encoding genes (bla) including bla NDM-1 and plasmid-mediated quinolone and aminoglycoside resistance determinants. (who.int)
  • The inherent redundancy of each probe type on the array, because each microsphere type has many replicates, provides additional confidence in detection and enhances the signal-to-noise ratio. (cdc.gov)
  • To ensure sensitive detection of BWAs with high accuracy, the performance of this multiplexed, high-density array was assessed by examining the detection limits and specificity of probes with Cy3-labeled synthetic targets (the synthetic target is a 50-mer oligonucleotide complementary to the probe). (cdc.gov)
  • While the probes were selected to avoid the formation of secondary structures, such structures were not completely eliminated and probably affected the hybridization efficiency, resulting in higher detection limits for some probes on the array. (cdc.gov)
  • According to the new study, led by Dr Mats Nilsson of Uppsala University in Sweden, existing assays are not sensitive enough: molecules in rare cells can easily escape detection, and it is not possible to tell which of the molecules detected originate from which cells. (nanowerk.com)
  • Full validation of the above assays, including intra-assay/inter-assay variability, spike recovery, dilution linearity, and limit of detection, is not usually reported. (jneurosci.org)
  • The purpose of this review is to provide a complete update of the various analytical methods for virus detection, such as molecular, immunological, sensor-based and other detection assays, along with the advantages and limitations of these strategies. (frontiersin.org)
  • This protocol is amenable not only for detection and quantification purposes but also to study the expression of markers of numerous biological processes or tissue-specificity. (oncotarget.com)
  • In the past decades, gold and silver nanoclusters (Au NCs and Ag NCs) have been massively explored and utilized in the field of industrial catalysis, optoelectronic devices, biological imaging, environmental detection, clinical diagnoses, and treatment. (hindawi.com)
  • Ultrasensitive colorimetric detection of protein by aptamer-Au nanoparticle conjugates based on a dot-blot assay. (basepairbio.com)
  • Detection of immunoglobulin E using an aptamer based dot-blot assay. (basepairbio.com)
  • The ethanolic extracts of the plant were examined for the presence of bioactive components and their total flavonoid content, with focusing on quercetin detection using thin layer bioautography (TLB) and brine shrimp lethality assay (BSLA) for cytotoxicity. (who.int)
  • Interested investigators must first submit the pre-application for a Molecular Libraries Probe Production Center under this announcement. (nih.gov)
  • Building on previous methods developed by the same team, the researchers were able to convert messenger RNA (mRNA) into a type of DNA molecule that can be detected by 'padlock probes', fluorescent probes which lock onto the DNA after hybridisation, making it possible to study DNA repair at the molecular level in individual cells. (nanowerk.com)
  • Probe Reports from the NIH Molecular Libraries Program contains information consisting of structure and biological information on probes produced by the Molecular Libraries Probe Production Centers Network (MLPCN) in collaboration with the investigators who provided the screening assays. (nih.gov)
  • The Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database contains a list of imaging probes which are screened via PubMed/MedLine databases and other appropriate sources. (nih.gov)
  • Comprehensive molecular, cellular and systemic-level assays all support a high level of selectivity. (nature.com)
  • We do so by demonstrating selectivity across comprehensive molecular, cellular, and systemic assays. (nature.com)
  • Molecular probes directed to structural elements of these polymers are required to assay polysaccharide structures in situ , and to determine polymer roles in the context of cell wall biology. (megazyme.com)
  • The mathematics will link macro scale biological observations to micro scale molecular movements to characterise the relative role that different components and processes play. (edu.au)
  • Drosophila melanogaster Larva Injection Protocol Ghada Tafesh-Edwards 1 , Eric Kenney 1 , Ioannis Eleftherianos 1 1 Infection and Innate Immunity Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, The George Washington University Drosophila melanogaster adult flies have been extensively utilized as model organisms to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying host antimicrobial innate immune responses and microbial infection strategies. (jove.com)
  • Our facilities provide the opportunity to study protein structure, molecular probes and drug design, system biology and molecular interactions in cells and tissues. (lu.se)
  • With the help of various forms of mass spectrometry, synchrotron radiation, protein production & labelling, and bioinformatics, our facilities provide the opportunity to study protein structure and dynamics, molecular probes and drug design. (lu.se)
  • To investigate and compare the biological effects of γ-Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticle (NP) and gadolinium dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA) with high and multiple doses on the kidney of healthy mice. (dovepress.com)
  • The goal of the MLP is to screen compounds in the Small Molecule Repository in target-based and phenotypic assays to identify and subsequently optimize small molecule s as research probes. (nih.gov)
  • Conclusions/Significance: 12 compounds were tested in vitro for direct enzyme inhibition and in a whole blood assay. (uni-frankfurt.de)
  • High purity Arabinobiose (syrup) for use in research, biochemical enzyme assays and in vitro diagnostic analysis. (megazyme.com)
  • Aptamers as a replacement for antibodies in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. (basepairbio.com)
  • Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful diagnostic tool for many diseases. (dovepress.com)
  • Our lab has expertise in this technique (see PMID 12124289) which we will use to answer key biological questions such as in chromatin remodeling during DNA damage repair and Pol II transcription. (openwetware.org)
  • Using a recombinant endonuclease-deficient Cas9-based gene promoter pulldown approach coupled with mass spectrometry, we found that MCUb is upregulated in the T2D heart due to loss of glucose homeostasis regulator nuclear receptor corepressor 2 repression, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays identified peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α as a mediator of MCUb gene expression in T2D cardiomyocytes. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • The silver enhancement reagents may be integrated into the microfluidic assay platform to be released upon sample addition. (hindawi.com)
  • Microfluidic systems are well-suited for studying mixed biological communities for improving industrial processes of fermentation, biofuel production, and pharmaceutical production. (springer.com)
  • Padlock probes can amplify the minority signals making it possible to directly identify genetic variation at the mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) level (in molecules produced by active genes) in cells in microscopic preparations. (nanowerk.com)
  • Using cancer cell T4 PNK as a model, a padlock probe with 5'- hydroxyl (P-circle) was designed as the T4 PNK substrate. (bvsalud.org)
  • Probing protein-DNA interactions by unzipping single DNA molecules with optical tweezers. (openwetware.org)
  • This pre-packaging approach provides a simple, one step process to initiate microfluidics in any setting for fungal studies, bacteria-fungal interactions, and other biological inquiries. (springer.com)
  • In contrast, PEA is performed without a solid phase in a homogeneous one tube reaction solution where in sets of antibodies coupled to unique DNA sequence tags, so called proximity probes, work in pairs specific for each target protein. (wikipedia.org)
  • Because of the increased efficiency and robustness compared with optical tweezers, it would be much easier to probe how protein binding changes when the osmotic pressure, temperature, and other factors are varied. (openwetware.org)
  • b) Schematic drawing of a bioanalytical REA assay before (left) and after (right) binding of AuNP-analyte complexes to the capture protein layer. (hindawi.com)
  • Peroxidase activity assay shows this protein contains heme. (nasa.gov)
  • Thermal stability assays show that ERKi do not destabilise ERK2 (or ERK1) in vitro, suggesting that ERK2 turnover is a cellular consequence of ERKi binding. (babraham.ac.uk)
  • Biochemical and activity-based probe analyses identify a non-canonical zinc finger domain as the E3 active site, which utilizes the strictly conserved Cys4462, not involved in zinc coordination, as the reactive nucleophile. (biorxiv.org)
  • The biological effects of γ-Fe 2 O 3 NP and Gd-DTPA on the kidney were obtained using a biochemical automatic analyzer and multiple proinflammatory factor kit on the serum. (dovepress.com)
  • We use the unique characteristics of small molecules to probe and selectively modulate cell motility. (nature.com)
  • Probing with a substrate concentration of 1 to 60μM taurine, TABLE 12 Correlations of IC (diazine) with Eq. J Neurosci 2002;22:67326741. (binaryoptioninc.com)
  • We show that these microarrays are suitable for the high throughput characterization of the recognition capabilities of monoclonal antibodies, carbohydrate-binding modules, and other oligosaccharide-binding proteins of biological significance and also that they have potential for the characterization of carbohydrate-active enzymes. (megazyme.com)
  • New assays with single-molecule sensitivity, the authors say, are therefore essential. (nanowerk.com)
  • Silver enhancement of the bound nanoparticles may be used to increase the sensitivity of the assay. (hindawi.com)
  • A multiplexed array was fabricated by distributing up to 18 different microsphere sensors into the optical fiber array with species-specific 50-mer DNA probes corresponding to 6 BWAs of interest ( Bacillus anthracis , Yersinia pestis , Francisella tularensis , Brucella melitensis , Clostridium botulinum , and vaccinia virus) and 1 BWA simulant, Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki , with each organism represented by at least 2 probe sequences ( Table A1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • All probe sequences were designed with software by Illumina, Inc. (San Diego, CA, USA), and the specificity of the probe sequences was checked against GenBank by using BLAST to have minimal cross-hybridization potential. (cdc.gov)
  • details in Table A2 ) because some of the sequences for each probe pair overlapped, as probes were designed to be specific to the same target gene of the BWA. (cdc.gov)
  • The novel method also opens the door for scientists to study the effects of genetic variants on different types of cells and tissues, as the probes can be used to distinguish similar genetic sequences. (nanowerk.com)
  • BD Biosciences also offers a range of tools for caspase activity assays from individual fluorogenic peptide substrates and inhibitors, to kits, to ready-to-use assay plates. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • This work describes a potential mechanism for Fe-oxidation and is a first step in developing an assay to probe the activity of such organisms and metabolisms in situ. (nasa.gov)
  • Antifungal activity was assessed by the 2,3-bis[2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl]2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) metabolic assay. (who.int)
  • Particular importance here is the biological applications of Pt NCs such as the bioimaging of various cells as a preferred fluorophore in contrast to traditional fluorescent markers (e.g., organic dye, semiconductor quantum dots, and fluorescent proteins), the usage of Pt NCs-based antitumour drugs as a new class chemotherapeutics for malignant tumour therapy, and the utilization of antibacteria as an alternative of Ag-based antibacterial agent. (hindawi.com)
  • however, the study of ultrafine Pt NCs is at the beginning stage and there are still plenty of challenges like synthesis of near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent Pt NCs, the explicit signal pathway of cell apoptosis, and attempt in diverse biological applications that need to be urgently tackled in future. (hindawi.com)
  • Branched biological structures are evident across all taxonomic kingdoms and size scales. (springer.com)
  • We sought to develop a robust assay to quantify oligomers from CSF. (jneurosci.org)
  • Expected outcomes are robust mathematical analyses of the transient dynamics of closed, finite capacity queueing networks and biological insight into the major control mechanisms in cellular insulin signalling. (edu.au)
  • An aptamer-based dot blot assay is more robust and can be designed for point-of-care clinical testing and on-site environmental and industrial analysis. (basepairbio.com)
  • The method allows us to study biological processes in individual cells, as opposed to the average states of large numbers of cells,' explained Dr Nilsson. (nanowerk.com)
  • Herein, we delineate a novel and selective regulatory mechanism for these processes using efficient synthesis routes and resultant small chemicals as biological probes. (nature.com)
  • Bacterial type IV pili are critical for diverse biological processes including horizontal gene transfer, surface sensing, biofilm formation, adherence, motility, and virulence. (biorxiv.org)
  • We simultaneously identified multiple biological warfare agents in environmental samples by looking at specific probe responses after hybridization and response patterns of the multiplexed array. (cdc.gov)
  • This information will be periodically updated with new probe information from the centers in the MLPCN. (nih.gov)
  • With the addition of these new formats, more complex assays can be developed to look at apoptosis within heterogeneous cell subsets. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • The analogue of Au and Ag NCs and platinum nanoclusters (Pt NCs), especially their biological applications, is relatively and rarely discussed. (hindawi.com)
  • We go on to demonstrate the therapeutic potential of the resultant probe, KBU2046. (nature.com)
  • The proximity extension assay (PEA) is a method for detecting and quantifying the amount of many specific proteins present in a biological sample such a serum or plasma. (wikipedia.org)
  • Biominerals can be difficult to characterize due to the absence of long-range structural order, structural defects, small particle size, and close spatial proximity to other minerals and biological material. (nasa.gov)
  • We modified our previous protocol of microsensor preparation ( 12 ) by using an increased concentration of cyanuric chloride solution in the probe activation step to achieve a more complete and efficient coupling of DNA probes to microspheres. (cdc.gov)
  • The amount of ammonia in collected blood, urine, saliva, or other biological fluid samples can be affected by several mechanisms that may lead to erroneous ammonia concentration determinations. (cdc.gov)
  • The cell viability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in high doses of these two contrast agents were measured using the xCELLigence Real-Time Cell Analysis (RTCA) S16 Instrument. (dovepress.com)
  • Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a fundamental role in post-natal vascular repair, yet EPCs from different anatomic locations possess unique biological properties. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 1 In the process of imaging, contrast agents are usually administrated intravenously to enhance the visualization of illness lesions. (dovepress.com)
  • Their analysis is critical to determining the therapeutic proteins that will fail to induce immune responses while still performing their biological function. (genengnews.com)
  • Understanding which proteins are involved in Fe-oxidation, and the genes that encode for their production could lead ultimately to an RNA or antibody assay for environmental studies. (nasa.gov)
  • The lower limit of reliable quantification of the assay was 0.18 pg/ml and the antibody pairs recognized Aβ multimers comprised of either synthetic standards, or endogenous oligomers isolated from confirmed human AD and healthy control brain. (jneurosci.org)
  • Using the SURVEYOR nuclease assay 13 , we assessed the ability of each Cas9-sgRNA complex to generate indels in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293FT cells through the induction of DNA doublestranded breaks (DSBs) and subsequent nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) DNA damage repair (Online Methods). (cdc.gov)
  • These include EpiScreen™, a T-cell epitope mapping technology that screens peptides for their immunostimulatory properties, and EpiScreen DC:T cell assay, which screens biologics for their immunogenicity. (genengnews.com)
  • In contrast, the binding of LM16 to branched arabinan and to cell walls is increased by arabinofuranosidase action. (megazyme.com)
  • For arthropod borne orbiviruses, cell lysis has not been observed in insect cells in contrast to cell lysis of mammalian cells. (adenosine-receptor.com)
  • In contrast, little is known about host cell remodelling by gametocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To make progress in this arena, technical and logistical barriers must be overcome to more effectively deploy microfluidics in biological disciplines. (springer.com)
  • In contrast to optical tweezers, the magnetic "tweezers" that we use are not really tweezers per se. (openwetware.org)
  • Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a common and necessary tool that has been used clinically for diagnosis of various organ diseases, such as cancer, infections, or bleeding. (dovepress.com)
  • For example, noble metal nanoparticles (M NPs) which are defined as the particle size ranged from 1 to 100 nm have the high surface-to-volume ratio and electrodynamic interaction, leading to emerge distinct electronic, magnetic, and optical properties in contrast to bulk counterparts or individual atoms [ 5 , 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The individual synthetic tetrapeptide substrates, together with the caspase inhibitors and active caspase enzymes, offer flexibility in the experimental design of a caspase activity assay. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • With this assay, they tested the vapour-phase-mediated activity of 175 essential oils (EOs) and 37 EO components. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In contrast, none of the currently used antifungals showed any vapour-phase-mediated activity. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The same assay could also be used to test other biological activity. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Our results herein can be used to guide future design of MutY/MUTYH specific probes to monitor the activity, or lack thereof, of MutY/MUTYH variants. (ucdavis.edu)
  • SOR), hydrogen peroxide, and 2, 2-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical activity by a model (most biological y active) of the anticancer plant was also evaluated. (who.int)
  • We developed a fiber-optic, microsphere-based, high-density array composed of 18 species-specific probe microsensors to identify biological warfare agents. (cdc.gov)
  • In contrast, the fiber-optic, microsphere-based, multiplexed arrays described in this paper can rapidly screen and simultaneously identify multiple potential BWAs, enabling an efficient response to a bioterrorism attack. (cdc.gov)
  • They therefore developed a new class of assay that allowed to identify new volatile substances with antifungal activities over a distance. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Hereby, a highly sensitive one-step assay can be realized. (hindawi.com)
  • Employing multiple probes for each BWA reduces the potential for both false-negative and false-positive results in environmental samples. (cdc.gov)
  • Procedures for the determination of ammonia in biological samples are found in Table 7-1. (cdc.gov)
  • To evaluate probe specificity, arrays containing beads with only a single probe type were exposed sequentially to the synthetic complementary target as well as to all noncomplementary targets. (cdc.gov)
  • This process improves access to microfluidics for controlling biological microenvironments, and further enabling visual and quantitative analysis of fungal cultures. (springer.com)
  • To develop novel and quantitative insight into interesting biological problems. (edu.au)
  • Gadolinium (Gd)-based contrast agents (GBCAs) are currently the mainstream clinical MRI contrast agents. (dovepress.com)
  • We developed a platform to simultaneously detect BWAs with an array composed of DNA probe-functionalized microspheres that are randomly distributed onto microwells generated on the end of an etched coherent optical fiber bundle ( 11 , 12 ) that contains 6,000-50,000 individual fibers. (cdc.gov)
  • Searching for a platform partner to meet your assay commercialization needs? (triconference.com)
  • We did so by considering that small chemicals have potent biological properties, that single atom changes in their structure can affect those properties, that chemical structure can be modulated, and that as such they constitute highly refined biological probes. (nature.com)
  • We are currently using the gliding motility assay to explore these effects (with fascinating early results! (openwetware.org)
  • Pharmacokinetics is the study of the time course for the Of course the actual nature of the relationship between tis- absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of a sue exposure and response, particularly across species, may chemical substance in a biological system. (cdc.gov)
  • The possible modulation of the components of nanomedicine, their surface functionalization, and encapsulation of various active therapeutics provide promising tools to bypass crucial biological barriers. (preprints.org)
  • Such multiagent analysis is difficult because it is usually complicated by interferences between assays and the large number of BWA probes. (cdc.gov)