• The abnormal origin of the right coronary artery from the left aortic sinus coursing between the aorta and the pulmonary trunk is a rare congenital anomaly. (scirp.org)
  • N. Söylemez, R. Demirbağ, T. Hazırolan and O. AkpınarP, "Anomalous Origin of the Right Coronary Artery from the Left Sinus Valsalva with Coronary Ectasia," International Journal of Clinical Medicine , Vol. 2 No. 3, 2011, pp. 269-271. (scirp.org)
  • Acute inferior myocardial infarction and coronary spasm in a patient with an anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the left sinus of Valsalva. (scirp.org)
  • The prevalence of CAAL was 1.14 % (114 of 9,974), with 36 (32 %) having anomalous right coronary artery from left coronary sinus, 71 (62 %) having anomalous left coronary artery from right coronary sinus and 7 (6 %) having a coronary artery arising outside coronary sinuses. (springer.com)
  • Lee HJ, Hong YJ, Kim HY et al (2011) Prevalence and anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the left coronary sinus with an interarterial course: subtypes and clinical importance. (springer.com)
  • There is good evidence in support of an evaluation for carotid stenosis prior to coronary artery bypass surgery. (medscape.com)
  • Exclusion criteria were (1) a poor acoustic window precluding satisfactory imaging despite contrast administration, (2) severe valvular heart disease, (3) sustained ventricular arrhythmias or hemodynamic instability, (4) active chest pain within the past 24 hours, (5) known allergy to sulfonamides, (6) pregnancy or lactation, (7) severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and (8) previous coronary artery bypass surgery. (thoracickey.com)
  • Rapid identification of the course of anomalous coronary arteries in adults: The 'dot and eye' method. (scirp.org)
  • Shi H, Aschoff AJ, Brambs HJ, Hoffmann MH (2004) Multislice CT imaging of anomalous coronary arteries. (springer.com)
  • Xu H, Zhu Y, Zhu X, Tang L, Xu Y (2012) Anomalous coronary arteries: depiction at dual-source computed tomographic coronary angiography. (springer.com)
  • All procedures were performed in the surgical operating room (without Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) equipment) under basic anesthesia through the femoral artery pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A suitable ventricular septal defect occluder was placed using the femoral artery approach,and the treatment effect was evaluated by echocardiography after occlusion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • PDA closure guided by transthoracic echocardiography via femoral artery puncture is a minimally invasive procedure that avoids injuries due to radiation and contrast agents. (biomedcentral.com)
  • From March 2018 to February 2020, 32 children who underwent PDA occlusion through the femoral artery under the guidance of TTE were continuously selected in the Second Department of Cardiology, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Children's Medical Center. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A sheath (a short, soft plastic tube used to access your artery) is usually inserted in your femoral artery near your groin. (nuffieldhealth.com)
  • Your surgeon will guide a thin tube called a catheter through your artery to the blocked area. (medlineplus.gov)
  • A separate angiographic procedure can be billed whenever repositioning or exchange of a catheter is required to obtain an additional angiographic study of a different region of the same vessel, or to obtain selective or superselective injection of a different artery or vein. (albertadoctors.org)
  • Your consultant will pass a catheter along the artery. (nuffieldhealth.com)
  • Using x-ray guidance and contrast dye they will pass a small tube with a tiny inflatable balloon at the end down the catheter and across the narrowed part of the artery. (nuffieldhealth.com)
  • Dye, also called contrast, flows through the catheter to arteries in the heart. (mayoclinic.org)
  • Andreas Gruntzig revolutionized the technique in 1974 when he developed a soft, flexible, double-lumen balloon catheter for use in coronary arteries. (medscape.com)
  • I rinsed the catheter while it was inside the patient's artery in the groin. (lu.se)
  • The clincial management of coronary artery disease , peripheral arterial stenosis, and hypertension are likely to delay the development of carotid artery stenosis. (medscape.com)
  • The purpose of this research is to compare sympathetic function (flight or fight system), arterial structure and mechanics of participants with history of spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) to age and sex matched control participants. (mayo.edu)
  • The researchers are trying to see whether contrast-enhanced ultrasonography, shear wave elastography, strain imaging, and 3-D volume ultrasonography improves arterial wall visualization and identifies arterial elastic properties among individuals with fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD), atherosclerosis, personal history of spontaneous coronary artery dissections (SCAD), or personal history of segmental arterial mediolysis (SAM) that may be different compared to those without the aforementioned conditions. (mayo.edu)
  • Peripheral arterial stenting uses a stent to widen an artery. (nuffieldhealth.com)
  • Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) occurs when plaque (a fatty deposit) builds up on your artery walls causing a restriction in the flow of blood and oxygen to your limbs. (nuffieldhealth.com)
  • Peripheral arterial stenting is a minimally invasive procedure during which a small mesh tube called a stent is inserted into an artery. (nuffieldhealth.com)
  • Peripheral arterial stenting should provide relief of the symptoms caused by the blocked artery. (nuffieldhealth.com)
  • MRA provides accurate information about the number of renal arteries, the size of the kidneys, and the presence of anatomic variants. (medscape.com)
  • Excellent results may now be achieved in the renal arteries if patients are well selected and if experienced clinicians perform the procedure. (medscape.com)
  • The goal of this observational study is to learn more about plaque biology in asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis (ACAS) patients through imaging. (nih.gov)
  • Simulation of large artery stenosis indicates that BF became heterogeneous (increase relative dispersion) and gave multi-modal histograms. (frontiersin.org)
  • The total transmural BF as well as transmural BF heterogeneity reduced due to large artery stenosis, generating large patches of very low BF regions downstream. (frontiersin.org)
  • The clinical manifestations reflect the arteries involved and most commonly include hypertension caused by renal-artery stenosis (RAS) or strokes from carotid artery disease. (medscape.com)
  • CTA with maximum intensity projection (MIP) and quantitative measurement of stenosis is an accurate noninvasive technique for diagnosing fibromuscular dysplasia/stenosis of the visceral arteries, regardless of the etiology. (medscape.com)
  • Alone or in combination with stent implantation, PTRA is increasingly used as an alternative to surgical revascularization for the treatment of renal artery stenosis (RAS), which may cause HTN or jeopardize renal function. (medscape.com)
  • Renal artery stenosis in a patient with medically refractory renovascular hypertension. (medscape.com)
  • In models and drawings, arteries and veins are depicted as red and blue for distinction. (onteenstoday.com)
  • What color are your veins and arteries? (onteenstoday.com)
  • Blood that has been oxygenated (mostly flowing through the arteries) is bright red and blood that has lost its oxygen (mostly flowing through the veins) is dark red. (onteenstoday.com)
  • An arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a tangled cluster of vessels, typically located in the supratentorial portion of the brain, in which arteries connect directly to veins without an intervening capillary bed. (medscape.com)
  • An arteriovenous malformation is a tangle of dilated blood vessels that directly connect arteries and veins, bypassing the capillaries (which normally connect arteries and veins). (msdmanuals.com)
  • mesenteric arteries (MA) and veins (MV) were mounted on glass cannulas, intravascularly filled with fluorescent dextran and incrementally pressurized above their in vivo physiological values. (bvsalud.org)
  • Coronary artery centerline extraction in cardiac CT angiography (CCTA) images is a prerequisite for evaluation of stenoses and atherosclerotic plaque. (nih.gov)
  • Detection of coronary artery stenoses by contrast-enhanced, retrospectively electrocardiographically-gated, multislice spiral computed tomography. (scirp.org)
  • The diagnostic and prognostic information available from captopril renography and the increasing availability of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) have reduced the use of renal arteriography as a diagnostic tool, except in evaluating kidneys with intrarenal branch-artery stenoses and those with complex vascular anatomy, including multiple accessory arteries. (medscape.com)
  • Since its introduction in 1978, percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty (PTRA) has emerged as a highly effective technique for the correction of renal artery stenoses. (medscape.com)
  • Although FMD is a pathologic diagnosis, a characteristic angiographic change is the string-of-beads appearance (see the images below) caused by areas of relative stenoses or webs alternating with small fusiform or saccular aneurysms of the artery. (medscape.com)
  • Although high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) has been used as a strong imaging method for diagnosing intracranial vertebral artery dissection (IVAD), the diagnosis is sometimes challenging because a dissection has geometric changes in the natural course. (karger.com)
  • Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is an uncommon angiopathy of uncertain etiology associated with heterogeneous histologic changes that may affect the carotid and vertebral circulation, visceral arteries, and peripheral arteries. (medscape.com)
  • OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to compare myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) for the detection of significant coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with symptoms suggestive of CAD. (northwestern.edu)
  • Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is a noninvasive method to image the coronary arteries. (medscape.com)
  • a) Three-dimensional computed tomography scan of the abdomen reveals the replaced common hepatic artery arising from the superior mesenteric artery. (hindawi.com)
  • Purpose : This study was designed to identify the anatomical variations of lumbar arteries on contrast-enhanced multi-detector row computed tomography (MDCT). (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
  • A giant left circumflex coronary artery-right atrium arteriovenous fistula detected by multislice spiral computed tomography. (scirp.org)
  • We sought to determine the anatomic characteristics of coronary arteries arising from an anomalous location (CAAL) detected on coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) and assess the impact of high-risk anatomic characteristics on patient management and outcomes. (springer.com)
  • Schmitt R, Froehner S, Brunn J et al (2005) Congenital anomalies of the coronary arteries: imaging with contrast- enhanced, multidetector computed tomography. (springer.com)
  • An anatomical study using contrast-enhanced computed tomography. (bvsalud.org)
  • Unilateral CE on 3D BB contrast-enhanced MRI and no visualization of the VA on MRA are related to the recent occlusion of the distal VA. These findings suggest that the recent occlusion of the distal VA is related to acute medulla infarction, including delayed visualization on DWI. (neurointervention.org)
  • For many years, percutaneous interventional occlusion of congenital patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) has been completed using radiation and contrast agents. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study, transthoracic echocardiography without radiation and contrast agents was used to complete percutaneous occlusion of pediatric PDA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • i.p) or vehicle administered 24 hours after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) on behavior, angiogenesis, ultra-structural integrity of brain capillary endothelial cells, and expression of EPO and VEGF were assessed. (researchgate.net)
  • Or your child may also have other heart problems in addition to TGA, such as obstruction of blood flow from the right ventricle to the aorta, and variations in the course of the coronary arteries. (stlouischildrens.org)
  • As a systemic disease, atherosclerosis commonly affects intracranial and extracranial carotid arteries simultaneously which is defined as co-existing plaques. (nih.gov)
  • The present study describes the presence of pseudoenhancement during contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) imaging of human carotid arteries and the reproduction of this pseudoenhancement in vitro. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Seventy patients underwent bilateral CEUS examination of the carotid arteries using a Philips iU22 ultrasound system equipped with a L9-3 ultrasound probe and SonoVue microbubble contrast. (elsevierpure.com)
  • During CEUS of the carotid arteries, we identified enhancement in close proximity to the far wall, parallel to the main lumen. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of 2-D blood flow quantification using high-frame-rate, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (HFR-CEUS) and particle image velocimetry (PIV), or echoPIV, in patients with aortoiliac stents. (utwente.nl)
  • To corroborate the hypothesis that this is a pseudoenhancement artifact, the enhancement was recreated in a tissue-mimicking material phantom, using the same ultrasound system, settings and contrast agent as the patient study. (elsevierpure.com)
  • SUMMARY ANSWER: Microvascular filling of the IVS was demonstrated by contrast-enhanced ultrasound from 6 weeks of gestation onwards, earlier than previously believed. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Prior evidence from morphological and Doppler ultrasound studies has been conflicting as to whether the spiral arteries are completely plugged, preventing maternal blood flow to the IVS until late in the first trimester. (elsevierpure.com)
  • PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Pregnant women (n = 34) were recruited in the first trimester (range: 6 +3 to 13 +6 weeks gestation) for contrast-enhanced ultrasound studies with destruction-replenishment analysis of signal intensity for assessment of microvascular flux rate. (elsevierpure.com)
  • LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION: Gestational age was determined by crown-rump length measurements obtained by transvaginal ultrasound on the day of contrast-enhanced imaging studies, which may explain the variability in the earliest gestational age samples due to the margin of error in this type of measurement. (elsevierpure.com)
  • TCD enables continuous monitoring of mean blood flow velocity through the cerebral arteries and therefore the evaluation of cerebral blood flow [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • However, replaced common hepatic artery (CHA) arising from the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was reportedly seen in 1.13% of 19,013 cases [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Posterior cerebral artery syndrome is a condition whereby the blood supply from the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) is restricted, leading to a reduction of the function of the portions of the brain supplied by that vessel: the occipital lobe, the inferomedial temporal lobe, a large portion of the thalamus, and the upper brainstem and midbrain. (wikipedia.org)
  • Stroke syndromes: Posterior cerebral artery - unilateral occipital. (wikipedia.org)
  • The administration of sublingual nitroglycerin dilates the coronary arteries and increases side branch visualization. (medscape.com)
  • Of the 19 patients with CE of VA on 3D BB contrast-enhanced MRI, 18 showed no visualization of enhanced VA on MRA (type 1), and 1 showed hypoplastic VA. Of the 7 patients with delayed positive findings on DWI, 5 showed CE of the unilateral VA and no visualization of the enhanced VA on MRA (type 1). (neurointervention.org)
  • The visualization of lumbar arteries from the CTA was scored based on the agreement of two radiology specialists. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
  • No significant difference could be found on visualization of L1 lumbar arteries between the young and the elderly group. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
  • Myocardial contrast echocardiography is a new technique allowing bedside assessment of myocardial perfusion. (northwestern.edu)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Myocardial contrast echocardiography is comparable to SPECT in the detection of CAD not only on a patient basis but also in the localization of disease by vascular territory in a relatively high-risk population. (northwestern.edu)
  • Wall motion (WM), Doppler-derived measurement of the coronary flow reserve (CFR) in the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), and myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) can be sequentially assessed during dipyridamole stress echocardiography. (thoracickey.com)
  • During the past decade, stress echocardiography (SE) has moved beyond the standalone analysis of wall motion (WM), thanks to the clinical feasibility of both Doppler-derived measurement of coronary flow reserve (CFR) in the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) and contrast myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). (thoracickey.com)
  • Such a multiparametric stress echocardiographic protocol can be clinically implemented using commercially available equipment (using a single multifrequency probe) thanks to contemporary low-power, real-time contrast echocardiography, which permits the simultaneous (or sequential) assessment of WM, MPI, and CFR-LAD. (thoracickey.com)
  • [4] Stress echocardiography is used to diagnose coronary artery disease and assess myocardial viability. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mesenteric artery FMD is rare and presents with abdominal symptoms similar to Crohn disease (CD) and Behcet disease (BD). (medscape.com)
  • Among the 5 subtypes developed in the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment, large-artery atherosclerosis is known to be the most common mechanism (34.5%) for medulla infarction [ 3 ]. (neurointervention.org)
  • Of these patients, 19 (67.9%) showed CE of the unilateral VA on 3D BB contrast-enhanced MRI (type 1 and 2). (neurointervention.org)
  • Symptoms of a blocked peripheral artery are pain, achiness, or heaviness in your leg that starts or gets worse when you walk. (medlineplus.gov)
  • What are the symptoms of a blocked artery in your leg? (onteenstoday.com)
  • STUDY QUESTION: Does the use of a vascular contrast agent facilitate earlier detection of maternal flow to the placental intervillous space (IVS) in the first trimester of pregnancy? (elsevierpure.com)
  • Both CFR-LAD and MPI have been independently applied in addition to WM analysis during SE, and each has demonstrated incremental sensitivity for the detection of coronary artery disease (CAD), although to date, only MPI has demonstrated an increase in overall diagnostic accuracy. (thoracickey.com)
  • The volume and rate of contrast injection should be proportional to the blood flow through the vessels of interest, and related to the vascular and pathological characteristics of the specific vessels being studied. (drugs.com)
  • Taylor AJ, Rogan KM, Virmani R. Sudden cardiac death associated with isolated congenital coronary artery ano- malies. (scirp.org)
  • Transposition of the great arteries (TGA) is a type of congenital heart defect. (stlouischildrens.org)
  • In contrast, distal occlusions result in more serious complications. (wikipedia.org)
  • This 52-year-old man presented with pain in the left upper quadrant and was found to have a 3.2-cm aneurysm of the distal splenic artery. (medscape.com)
  • In this work, we propose an algorithm that extracts coronary artery centerlines in CCTA using a convolutional neural network (CNN). (nih.gov)
  • In the proposed method, a 3D dilated CNN is trained to predict the most likely direction and radius of an artery at any given point in a CCTA image based on a local image patch. (nih.gov)
  • The CNN was trained using a training set consisting of 8 CCTA images with a total of 32 manually annotated centerlines provided in the MICCAI 2008 Coronary Artery Tracking Challenge (CAT08). (nih.gov)
  • In a second test set consisting of 50 CCTA scans acquired at our institution (UMCU), an expert placed 5448 markers in the coronary arteries, along with radius measurements. (nih.gov)
  • The method can be trained with limited training data, and once trained allows fast automatic or interactive extraction of coronary artery trees from CCTA images. (nih.gov)
  • Claudication is a symptom of a narrowing or blockage of an artery. (onteenstoday.com)
  • The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of co-existing intracranial and extracranial carotid atherosclerotic plaques and their relationships with recurrent stroke by using 3D multi-contrast magnetic resonance (MR) vessel wall imaging. (nih.gov)
  • All patients underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) for brain and intracranial and extracranial arteries. (nih.gov)
  • Of the 58 patients, co-existing intracranial and extracranial carotid artery plaques were found in 45 patients (77.6%), of which 7 (15.6%) had first time acute stroke and 26 (57.8%) had recurrent stroke. (nih.gov)
  • Co-existing intracranial and extracranial carotid artery plaques are prevalent in symptomatic patients and the number of co-existing plaques is independently associated with the risk of recurrent stroke. (nih.gov)
  • 8) Preoperative CTA showed no obvious tumor supplying arteries to the systemic circulation. (who.int)
  • A stent is a small, metal mesh tube that keeps the artery open. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Diagnosis of carotid artery plaque characteristics requires an MR image with high T1 contrast. (fujifilm.com)
  • The asynchronous RADAR-SE method to which Radial Scan has been applied maintains a constant TR without influence from pulsation, and can conduct imaging with a high T1 contrast appropriate for diagnosis of plaque characteristics. (fujifilm.com)
  • Changed System from 'Ankle arteries.left' based on the LOINC/Radlex unified model. (loinc.org)
  • The stent is left in place to help keep the artery open. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Also the presence or absence of left and right common trunk of each lumbar artery was evaluated. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
  • MI was induced in male C57Bl/6 mice by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. (lu.se)
  • The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of enhancement in carotid artery classification. (ajnr.org)
  • This study aimed to evaluate angiographic and contrast enhancement (CE) patterns on three-dimensional (3D) black blood (BB) contrast-enhanced MRI in patients with acute medulla infarction. (neurointervention.org)
  • We also performed a comprehensive histopathological correlation using two separately archived uteroplacental tissue collections to evaluate the degree of spiral artery plugging and evaluate remodeling of the upstream myometrial radial and arcurate arteries. (elsevierpure.com)
  • TTE is commonly used to evaluate patients with coronary artery disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • The usefulness of carotid artery screening has been demonstrated in patients prior to elective surgery. (medscape.com)
  • The use of contrast injection is not needed with the new techniques, which is greatly beneficial for patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. (nih.gov)
  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and is common among patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. (springer.com)
  • The "artery-first" approach may be a useful method for pancreaticoduodenectomy in patients who have an anatomical abnormality. (hindawi.com)
  • Data regarding the relative diagnostic value of each of these parameters when assessed during the same examination in patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) are lacking. (thoracickey.com)
  • Coronary artery anomalies in 126,595 patients undergoing coronary angiography. (scirp.org)
  • This noninvasive and low-cost method can help diagnose and manage patients with suspected or confirmed CAD by demonstrating pathologic coronary artery flow patterns at rest and with pharmacological stress. (wikipedia.org)
  • RAS is found in 33% of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). (medscape.com)
  • Partial quantification was achieved in 88 of 129 locations (68%), where one or multiple limiting issues occurred (not related to the stent) including loss of correlation during systole (57/129), short vessel segments (20/129), loss of contrast during diastole (20/129) and shadow regions (20/129). (utwente.nl)
  • The contrast-to-background ratio and vector correlation were lower downstream in the imaged blood vessel, independent of the location of the stent. (utwente.nl)
  • A metal stent is often placed across the artery wall to keep the artery from narrowing again. (medlineplus.gov)
  • 4 - 11 Yet, the early application of stent-assisted aneurysm therapy was primarily focused on geometric reconstruction of the parent artery through improved coil packing of the aneurysm. (ajnr.org)
  • They will also expand a stent inside the artery to hold it open. (nuffieldhealth.com)
  • The balloon is then deflated and withdrawn leaving the stent to hold the artery open. (nuffieldhealth.com)
  • The findings of adverse cardiovascular effects of testosterone therapy is in sharp contrast with the information emerging from scientific studies on testosterone. (worldhealth.net)
  • The number of studies that show adverse cardiovascular effects of testosterone therapy is very small in comparison with the much greater number of studies showing protective effects: 5 "negative" studies (including one study that shows a mixture of beneficial and adverse effects on coronary arteries) compared to 17 studies showing neutral effects (no adverse effects) and 58 published trials that show cardio- and cerebrovascular protection of testosterone therapy. (worldhealth.net)
  • A man's heart, arteries, and brain need testosterone to function well. (worldhealth.net)
  • The heart is made of striated muscle fibers, and the arteries, also those that go through the brain, are mainly made of smooth muscle cells with a thin layer of endothelial cells inside, all responsive to testosterone. (worldhealth.net)
  • The video shows MRI angiography where the arteries of the brain are made white. (lu.se)
  • The results of this study indicate that the carotid artery plaques (fatty and mixed) significantly change according to whether analysis is performed before or after administration of contrast material. (ajnr.org)
  • Fatty deposits can build up inside the arteries and block blood flow. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Blockages of the proximal portion of the vessel produce only minor deficits due to the collateral blood flow from the opposite hemisphere via the posterior communicating artery. (wikipedia.org)
  • VASC-ASL is a non-contrast imaging method that can visualize fast blood flow in the renal artery and portal vein in the abdomen. (fujifilm.com)
  • The balloon presses against the inside wall of the artery to open the space and improve blood flow. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Dye will be injected into your body to show blood flow through your arteries. (medlineplus.gov)
  • However, spiral artery remodeling on its own did not appear to explain why there is significantly more blood flow at 13 weeks gestation. (elsevierpure.com)
  • These tests show blood flow in the arteries. (mayoclinic.org)
  • The blood flow in the vessels is used to generate image contrast. (lu.se)