Contractile myocytes smooth muscle. Medical search. Frequent questions

Although many investigators believe that smooth muscles exhibit stretch-dependent contraction, stretch of colonic muscles does not initiate an obvious contractile response. (grantome.com)
"It was expected answers would describe in detail the role of troponin, tropomyosin and calmodulin in mediating muscle contraction" , the examiners rejoined. (derangedphysiology.com)
Calcium ions (Ca 2+ ) trigger the contraction of vascular myocytes and the level of free intracellular Ca 2+ within the myocyte is precisely regulated by sequestration and extrusion mechanisms. (elsevierpure.com)
2. Connective tissue Holding other tissues Muscle tissues differ in their physical appearance, anatomy, location within the body and whether their contraction is controlled consciously or unconsciously. (4build.eu)
muscle cells contain protein filaments of actin and myosin that slide past one another, producing a contraction that changes both the length and the shape of the cell. (4build.eu)
cAMP and cGMP regulate a wide variety of cardiac functions, from the short-term effects on myocyte contraction/ relaxation to long-term effects such as gene expression and structural remodeling ( Figure 2 ). (rochester.edu)
By inhibiting the influx of calcium in smooth muscle cells, amlodipine prevents calcium-dependent myocyte contraction and vasoconstriction. (pharmfair.com)
Activated MLCK catalyzes the phosphorylation of the regulatory light chain subunit of myosin, a key step in muscle contraction. (pharmfair.com)

To test this hypothesis, we evaluated whether Akt activation occurs naturally within airway myocytes in situ, whether Akt1 activation is sufficient to cause hypertrophy of normal airway myocytes, and whether such hypertrophy is accompanied by excessive accumulation of contractile apparatus proteins (contractile phenotype maturation). (nih.gov)
At the most basic level we can separate muscle tissue into smooth and striated, where the striations originate from a repeating pattern of regularly arranged proteins, whereas "smoothness" is conferred by an irregular arrangement without a repeating pattern. (derangedphysiology.com)

En face co-immunostaining of the mouse aortic arch revealed a low level of PDCD4 in endothelial cells undergoing pulsatile shear stress. (plos.org)
BBHV and Atherosclerosis and Vascular Inflammation (AVI) have shared interests in endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and inflammatory cells. (nih.gov)
Applications that emphasize endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and inflammatory cells in the context of atherosclerosis will be reviewed in AVI. (nih.gov)

Cells called myocytes containing contractile protein fibers comprise muscle. (nucleusmedicalmedia.com)
By using photon correlation spectroscopy the effect of contractile activity modulators of smooth muscle to the size (diameter) of rats uterine muscle cells was investigated. (kiev.ua)
The tunica muscularis of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract contains continuous sheets of smooth muscle cells. (grantome.com)
Thus it is likely that cells of GI smooth muscles include ionic conductances(s) that stabilize membrane potential and limit excitability during distension of the bowel wall. (grantome.com)
Our preliminary results suggest that this process involves stretch-dependent K* (SDK) channels expressed by GI smooth muscle cells and interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC). (grantome.com)
For example, arteries from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) have an increased contractile sensitivity to extracellular Ca 2+ and intracellular Ca 2+ levels are elevated in aortic smooth muscle cells of SHR. (elsevierpure.com)
Here, we describe a cellular microbiaxial stretching (CμBS) method that modifies this tissue-scale approach to measure the anisotropic elastic behavior of individual vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) with nativelike cytoarchitecture. (asme.org)
Muscle cells or myocytes are the basic units of the muscle tissue. (4build.eu)
Locomotion and movements are due to muscular tissues contain highly contractile muscle cells. (4build.eu)
Frogs Muscle cells are also called as myocytes. (4build.eu)
Hence they are called smooth muscle cells. (4build.eu)
The oxygen sensing and signal transduction machinery is located in the pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) of the pre-capillary vessels, albeit the physiological response may be modulated in vivo by the endothelium. (ersjournals.com)
Any of the mature contractile cells that build up muscle tissue are long and tubular. (researchtweet.com)
Muscle tissue is made up of specialised cells that can contract. (researchtweet.com)
Muscle cells are the name of these cells (also called myocytes or muscle fibers). (researchtweet.com)
Myogenesis is the process through which myoblasts grow into muscle cells. (researchtweet.com)
Myofibrils, which are made up of repeating sarcomere portions, make up the muscle cells. (researchtweet.com)
The Sarcoplasmic reticulum is the smooth endoplasmic reticulum of muscle cells. (researchtweet.com)
Skeletal myocytes, smooth myocytes, and cardiac myocytes are the three kinds of muscle cells. (researchtweet.com)
Skeletal myocytes (also known as skeletal muscle fibres) are multinucleated, striated cells that make up the skeletal muscles. (researchtweet.com)
Smooth myocytes are striated muscle cells that do not have any ridges. (researchtweet.com)
[2] The smooth ER is especially abundant in mammalian liver and gonad cells. (ipfs.io)
Сontractile properties of smooth muscle cells of the horn, cervix and broad ligament of the pig uterus. (cardiologymedjournal.com)
Chakraborti S, Roy S, Chowdhury A, Mandal A, Chakraborti T. Role of PKCα-p38 MAPK-Giα axis in peroxynitrite-mediated inhibition of β-adrenergic response in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. (cardiologymedjournal.com)
This gene subfamily is constitutively active at physiological resting membrane potentials in excitable cells, including smooth muscle cells, and has been particularly linked to the human pulmonary circulation. (ersjournals.com)
Dysregulation of mitochondrial biogenesis in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells of aged rats. (ouhsc.edu)
Regulation of proliferation and gene expression in cultured human aortic smooth muscle cells by resveratrol and standardized grape extracts. (ouhsc.edu)
Age-related focal loss of contractile vascular smooth muscle cells in retinal arterioles is accelerated by caveolin-1 deficiency. (ouhsc.edu)
Mechanosensitive production of reactive oxygen species in endothelial and smooth muscle cells: role in microvascular remodeling? (ouhsc.edu)
Age-associated proinflammatory secretory phenotype in vascular smooth muscle cells from the non-human primate Macaca mulatta: reversal by resveratrol treatment. (ouhsc.edu)
It acts primarily on vascular smooth muscle cells by stabilizing voltage-gated L-type calcium channels in their inactive conformation. (pharmfair.com)
Inhibition of the initial influx of calcium decreases the contractile activity of arterial smooth muscle cells and results in vasodilation. (pharmfair.com)
To elucidate the role of glucocorticoid signalling in late-gestation cardiovascular maturation, we have generated mice with conditional disruption of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in cardiomyocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells using smooth muscle protein 22-driven Cre recombinase (SMGRKO mice) and compared them with mice with global deficiency in GR (GR(-/-)). Echocardiography shows impaired heart function in both SMGRKO and GR(-/-) mice at embryonic day (E)17.5, associated with generalized oedema. (ox.ac.uk)
Functional vascular smooth muscle-like cells derived from adult mouse uterine mesothelial cells. (ox.ac.uk)
In mammalian visceral organs, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) originate from an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of embryonic mesothelial cells (MCs). (ox.ac.uk)
However, it remains unknown whether adult MCs-derived SM-like cells may acquire specific vascular SM lineage markers and the functionality of differentiated contractile VSMCs. (ox.ac.uk)

Incubation of electrically-paced ventricular myocytes with a membrane-permeant Ins(1,4,5) P 3 ester provoked the occurrence of spontaneous diastolic Ca 2+ transients with the same characteristics and sensitivity to 2-APB as the events stimulated by endothelin-1. (biologists.com)
In addition to evoking spontaneous Ca 2+ transients, stimulation of ventricular myocytes with the Ins(1,4,5) P 3 ester caused a positive inotropic effect. (biologists.com)

Muscle tissue is classified as smooth, cardiac, or skeletal muscle. (nucleusmedicalmedia.com)
For example, skeletal muscle fibers form whole muscles that attach to bones and move the body. (nucleusmedicalmedia.com)
This certainly seems to be the spirit of Question 11 from the second paper of 2015, which asked for a comparison of the anatomy and physiology of skeletal and smooth muscle. (derangedphysiology.com)
Of the freely available peer-reviewed resources appropriate for revision of this topic, none beat Sweeney & Hammers (2018) , as this review covers all possible examinable topics and has sections comparing skeletal muscle to smooth and cardiac muscle. (derangedphysiology.com)
There are 3 types of muscle tissue: Skeletal muscles or striated muscles are attached to bones. (4build.eu)
Muscle Tissues There are three types of muscle in animal bodies: smooth, skeletal, and cardiac. (4build.eu)
Oct 23, 2015 Muscle tissue can be of three types: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth. (4build.eu)
tissue muscular muscle skeletal smooth cardiac biology. (4build.eu)
Skeletal myocytes have myofibrils that are contained inside and connected to the sarcolemma. (researchtweet.com)
The cardiac myocytes are striated in the same way that skeletal myocytes are. (researchtweet.com)
The thyroid gland primarily secretes T4, which is then de-iodinated in its active form, T3, in the liver, kidney, and skeletal muscle. (encyclopedia.pub)
Although the clinical use of thiazolidinediones in type 2 diabetes is based on effects of these agents in adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle to improve glycemic control, PPAR-γ is also expressed in myocardium ( 4 - 6 ). (diabetesjournals.org)

Airway smooth muscle (ASM) hypertrophy is a cardinal feature of severe asthma, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain uncertain. (nih.gov)
Plasticity in airway smooth muscle differentiation during mouse lung development. (illumina.com)

Thyroid hormone (TH) signaling is a relevant component of the adaptive response of the myocardium to stress, and plays a critical role in regulating both heart rate and contractility of myocytes: hyperthyroidism is correlated with atrial arrhythmias, hypertension, and heart failure, and increases the risk of heart failure and mortality in cardiopathic patients [ 1 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
The effect determined by TH on myocyte contractility is due to both genomic and non-genomic mechanisms. (encyclopedia.pub)
Amlodipine decreases arterial smooth muscle contractility and subsequent vasoconstriction by inhibiting the influx of calcium ions through L-type calcium channels. (pharmfair.com)

Absorbs - stomach and intestinal lining (gut) Filters - the kidney Together these sheets and fibers and known as muscles, and control the movements of an organisms as well as many other contractile functions. (4build.eu)

Thus, decreasing/increasing the diameter of uterine myocytes correlates with their well known influence on myometrium constriction/relaxation. (kiev.ua)
The biochemical mechanisms of NO action on the myometrium contractile activity, the significance of NO in the physiological processes during pregnancy and labor, the importance of mitochondria as a reliable NO source in the smooth muscle and the possible ways of NO influence on Ca 2+ transport and bioenergetic processes in mitochondria are considered. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
Effect of prostaglandins on the contractile activity of isolated human myometrium. (cardiologymedjournal.com)

Forced protein kinase B/Akt 1 activation is known to induce myocyte hypertrophy in other muscle types, and, since a number of mediators present in asthmatic airways can activate Akt signaling, we hypothesized that Akt activation could contribute to ASM hypertrophy in asthma. (nih.gov)
For what concerns non-genomic activities, T3 can induce changes in the myocyte membrane, involving changes in sodium, potassium, and calcium ion channels. (encyclopedia.pub)
Failure to induce critical genes involved in contractile function, calcium handling and energy metabolism underpins this common phenotype. (ox.ac.uk)

Co-expressed with the M 3 -muscarinic receptors in smooth muscle is an often larger population of M 2 -muscarinic receptors [ 11 ] which appear to play a much smaller role in the smooth muscle contractile response [ 35 ]. (guidetopharmacology.org)

3) intracellular Ca 2+ concentration is abnormally increased in vascular myocytes from hypertensive animals following treatment with Ca 2+ channel agonists and depolarizing interventions, and 4) using the voltage-clamp technique, the inward Ca 2+ current in arterial myocytes from hypertensive rats is nearly twice as large as that from myocytes of normotensive rats. (elsevierpure.com)

Vascular SMCs exist in diverse phenotypes and exhibit phenotypic plasticity, e.g. changing from a quiescent/contractile phenotype to an active, myofibroblast-like, frequently called a "synthetic" phenotype. (rochester.edu)

A cardiac myocyte is a muscle cell with one or two nuclei and myofibrils that are separated from one another by an intercalated disc. (researchtweet.com)

It is shown, that separate dilutions of human serum and animal (as a source of ESBAR) and analogs of ESBAR ways to enhance the effectiveness of activation of beta-adrenoceptors (AR) of smooth muscle (uterus, coronary and renal arteries, trachea, stomach), myocardium, erythrocytes and platelets (respectively influenced of histidine and tryptophan). (cardiologymedjournal.com)

These results indicate that forced Akt1 signaling causes hypertrophy of cultured airway myocytes without inducing further contractile phenotypic maturation, possibly because of opposing effects on contractile protein gene transcription and translation, and suggest that natural activation of Akt1 plays a similar role in asthmatic ASM. (nih.gov)

The authors' data concerning ionic and membrane mechanisms of NO action on Ca 2+ -homeostasis of uterine myocytes, identification of nitric oxide in uterine smooth muscle mitochondria, biochemical characteristics of the NO-synthase reaction and the possible role of NO in the regulation of Ca 2+ transport in these subcellular structures and in the electron transport chain functioning are presented and discussed. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)

Immunostains of human airway sections revealed concordant activation of Akt (reflected in Ser(473) phosphorylation) and of its downstream effector p70(S6Kinase) (reflected in Thr(389) phosphorylation) within airway muscle bundles, but there was no phosphorylation of the alternative Akt downstream target glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) 3β. (nih.gov)

As a result, individual myocytes experience dramatic changes in length, which may affect membrane potential, excitability and responsiveness to agonist stimulation. (grantome.com)
This study will demonstrate an important new class of channels in GI smooth muscles that may participate in the regulation of membrane potential and excitability and may mediate some of the response of these tissues to neurotransmitters. (grantome.com)
We hypothesize that these changes are due to an increase in membrane Ca 2+ channel density and possibly function in vascular myocytes from hypertensive animals. (elsevierpure.com)
Sarcolemma refers to the muscle cell's plasma membrane. (researchtweet.com)

To understand the specific cyclic nucleotide signaling responsible for SMC phenotypic alteration, we have performed initial discovery screening for PDE isozymes that are differentially expressed in contractile versus synthetic SMCs. (rochester.edu)

A spectral analysis approach was developed for detailed study of time-resolved, dynamic changes in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) elasticity and adhesion to identify differences in VSMC from young and aged monkeys. (researchwithrutgers.com)

A second proposed mechanism for the drug's vasodilatory effects involves pH-dependent inhibition of calcium influx via inhibition of smooth muscle carbonic anhydrase. (pharmfair.com)
Another possible mechanism is that amlodipine inhibits vascular smooth muscle carbonic anhydrase I activity causing cellular pH increases which may be involved in regulating intracelluar calcium influx through calcium channels. (pharmfair.com)

This may be a unique feature of GI smooth muscle that allows for the volume expansion necessary for a reservoir function. (grantome.com)
A number of reports have implied that intestinal microbiota control the growth and function of muscle tissue in humans and animals. (4build.eu)
Allotransplanted dogs that developed AR (n=8) and CR (n=5) were examined for gross and microscopic morphology (muscle thickness, the number and size of myocytes, and inflammatory infiltrate), and for contractile and intracellular electrical function in vitro. (pitt.edu)
Auto-SBTX did not alter morphology at any period, but contractile function was impaired at 7 days (73.6%) compared with normal intestine. (pitt.edu)
Acute rejection did not influence myocyte number or size, but was associated with a prominent infiltrate of neutrophils and lymphocytes, and severely impaired contractile function (20.6%) compared with auto-SBTX controls. (pitt.edu)
impaired function of intestinal smooth muscle following SBTX results from both rejection and the injury associated with transplantation, and chronic rejection following SBTX is associated with both hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the muscularis propria. (pitt.edu)
Cardiac myocytes: Contractile function and mechanical stress generation. (nih.gov)

For example, in the heart, cardiac muscle tissue in the ventricles contracts and pushes blood through the connective tissue valves into vessels lined by vascular epithelial tissue called endothelium. (nucleusmedicalmedia.com)
Trying to guess the examiners' minds from the way this syllabus item is positioned (in the "musculoskeletal" section), we can infer that the detailed anatomy and physiology of cardiac muscle is probably intended for the cardiovascular section , and what they wanted from us here is more of a comparison of the ultrastructural elements that distinguish the three muscle types. (derangedphysiology.com)

There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum: rough and smooth. (ipfs.io)
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum lacks ribosomes and functions in lipid manufacture and metabolism, the production of steroid hormones , and detoxification . (ipfs.io)
The quantity of both rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum in a cell can slowly interchange from one type to the other, depending on the changing metabolic activities of the cell. (ipfs.io)

There are four basic types of tissues in the body: epithelial, nervous, muscle, and connective. (nucleusmedicalmedia.com)
There are four main tissues in the body - epithelium, muscle, connective tissue and nervous tissue. (4build.eu)

The ability of adult MCs to recapitulate EMT and to acquire smooth muscle (SM) markers upon provasculogenic culture suggested they might retain embryonic vasculogenic differentiation potential. (ox.ac.uk)

Dedicated muscle tissue in multicellular organisms tends to exhibit a comforting structural homology, to effect that one could recognise striated muscle in a jellyfish and feel a warm kind of brotherly Verbundenheit, but it evolved probably at least four separate times in separate clades rather than arising from some early eumetazoan ancestor. (derangedphysiology.com)
These data demonstrate that structural, functional and biochemical maturation of the foetal heart is dependent on glucocorticoid signalling within cardiomyocytes and vascular smooth muscle, though some aspects of heart maturation (size, ANP expression) are independent of GR at these key sites. (ox.ac.uk)

The physiological properties of the smooth muscles of the vagina and uterine cornua and cervix of the rabbit. (cardiologymedjournal.com)
Physiological properties of smooth muscle of the cervix uteri in the rat. (cardiologymedjournal.com)

UtMCs repeatedly subcultured in SMDM acquired differentiated VSM-like characteristics and expressed smoothelin-B in the typical stress-fiber pattern expression of contractile VSMCs. (ox.ac.uk)

Axons carry chemical and electrical impulses to body tissues such as muscle. (nucleusmedicalmedia.com)
For animals, contractile tissues are usually separated into three distinct types, mainly on the basis of their fine structure. (derangedphysiology.com)
Depending on what type of muscle tissues animals are using, they will use ATP differently to generate work. (4build.eu)
Mostly responsible for initiating movement of an organism, muscle tissues have a range of other functions based on their types. (4build.eu)

What is the molecular species responsible for SDK channels in GI muscles? (grantome.com)
There visit smooth links that could produce this star using competing a interior advertising or transmitter, a SQL layout or Molecular Years. (cdseidel.de)

Muscle tissue facilitates locomotion, movements of body parts, heat generation and organ protection. (4build.eu)
cat muscle anatomy study weird reference muscles skeleton animal deviantart sphynx feline Small RNA sequencing of pectoral muscle tissue reveals microRNA-mediated gene modulation in chicken muscle growth J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). (4build.eu)
In higher vertebrates, there are two kinds of muscle tissue: striated or striped muscle and smooth or plain muscle. (4build.eu)

Local tumors (fibrosarcoma, osteosarcoma, mast cell tumors) can invade adjacent muscle. (4build.eu)
What is Muscle Cell? (researchtweet.com)
Because of its lengthy and tubular shape, the muscle cell is also known as the muscle fibre. (researchtweet.com)
Sarcoplasm is the cytoplasm of the muscle cell. (researchtweet.com)

The Walls of Many Human Organs Contract and Relax Automatically Smooth muscle is found in the walls of hollow organs throughout the body. (4build.eu)

Anatomy71

Organisms16

Diseases13

Chemicals and Drugs90

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment18

Phenomena and Processes43

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science3

Contraction8

Proteins2

Endothelial cells3

Cells36

Ventricular myocytes2

Skeletal12

Airway smooth muscle2

Contractility3

Fibers1

Myometrium3

Induce3

Receptors1

Rats1

Phenotype1

Myofibrils1

Myocardium1

Protein1

Uterine smooth1

Phosphorylation1

Membrane4

Phenotypic1

Vascular smooth musc1

Calcium2

Function7

Cardiac muscle2

Endoplasmic reticulum3

Connective2

Markers1

Structural2

Physiological2

VSMCs1

Tissues4

Molecular2

Tissue3

Cell4

Organs1