Compounds dna damage. Medical search. Frequent questions

The latter are compounds that neutralize free radicals, highly reactive compounds that damage cells, DNA, and collagen. (eurekalert.org)
Almost all organisms are protected to some extent against free radicals such as peroxide, hydroperoxide and lipid peroxyl damage by enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase or compounds such as ascorbic acid (AA), tocopherols, phenolic acids, polyphenols, flavonoids and glutathione [ 16 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
However, antioxidant supplements or dietary antioxidants may be sources of protection that the body needs to protect against the damaging effects of free radicals [ 17 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
Scientific studies have shown that sun exposure causes buildup of free radicals within the cells causing damage to cell membranes, DNA, and collagen. (nuskin.com)
It is believed that the collagen breakdown that occurs from damaging free radicals causes wrinkling. (nuskin.com)
Antioxidants are compounds that can neutralize free radicals, thereby protecting skin from their damaging effects. (nuskin.com)
Free radicals damage brain cells and DNA through a process called oxidation, which contributes to brain-fog-related symptoms. (mindbodygreen.com)

They can occur spontaneously but also result from DNA damage induced by the environment (e.g., sunlight) or genotoxic compounds (e.g, carcinogens). (fda.gov)

Study of the In Vitro Digestion of Olive Oil Enriched or Not with Antioxidant Phenolic Compounds. (mdpi.com)
These compounds were screened for their antioxidant activity by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method. (ijpsonline.com)
Compound A02 found to possess potent antioxidant activity compared to the standards ascorbic acid and butylated hydroxytoluene. (ijpsonline.com)
All the newly synthesized compounds were screened for their antioxidant activity by 2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay method. (ijpsonline.com)
The patients' oxidative (lipid, protein, and DNA oxidation) and antioxidative (antioxidant enzyme activities and compounds) profiles were examined before and after the treatment period. (nih.gov)
Differences between groups approached statistical significance for oxidative DNA damage and levels of the antioxidant compound zinc. (nih.gov)
According to the results of a study described today in the journal Science, the well-known antioxidant can also produce DNA-damaging compounds. (scientificamerican.com)
Flavonoids are plant-derived compounds that have antioxidant properties. (mindbodygreen.com)

In a recent study, scientists showed that human colon cancer cells die when they are exposed to the approximate number of bioactive compounds present in one cup of mate tea, which has long been consumed in South America for its medicinal properties. (sciencedaily.com)
SnCs exhibit irreversible growth arrest accompanied by increased expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKi) such as p16 INK4a , and p21 Cip1 , accumulation of DNA damages, and secretion of diverse bioactive molecules known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). (aging-us.com)

Results of a new study on sucralose-6-acetate - a compound that forms during the manufacture and digestion of sucralose - have scientists questioning the safety of the commonly used artificial sweetener. (healthnews.com)
One of those compounds is sucralose-6-acetate. (healthnews.com)
Now, new research by the same scientific team found that sucralose-6-acetate may be genotoxic and negatively impact DNA . (healthnews.com)
The team observed that the DNA of cells exposed to sucralose-6-acetate showed breaks, which indicates the compound is genotoxic. (healthnews.com)

Salinity stress generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), namely, H 2 O 2 , O −2 , and OH − that damage the DNA, RNA, and proteins [ 12 , 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
These proteins, aided by chaperone proteins , bind to and condense the DNA molecule to maintain its integrity. (wikipedia.org)
If hydrogen peroxide is not broken down by catalase, additional reactions convert it into compounds called reactive oxygen species that can damage DNA, proteins, and cell membranes. (medlineplus.gov)

It has also been reported as a colonist of water-damaged construction materials in Finland, where it was found to produce the mycotoxin, sterigmatocystin, a potent carcinogen and mutagen. (wikipedia.org)
These compounds exhibited potent inhibitory effects against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), brine shrimp larvae (test for compound cytotoxicity and pesticide-ability) and the human lung tumor line A-549. (wikipedia.org)
What if you could harvest the compound that makes this fruit so potent? (biotivia.com)
According to the manufacturer, Revisil will work for all people as it contains potent plant extracts and other beneficial compounds. (sdgln.com)
Fortunately, all the compounds exhibited several folds potent α-glucosidase inhibitory activities with IC50 values ranging from 2.33 to 22.11 µM, in comparison to the standard drug acarbose (IC50 = 873.34 ± 1.67 µM). (bvsalud.org)
2,3,7,8-TCDD was particularly potent, inducing DNA damage in virtually all cells at 1 M. In conclusion, most of the toxins evaluated using the comet assay showed potential to induce DNA damage in hematopoietic cells, and the genotoxic effects were dose-dependent. (cdc.gov)

University of Utah chemists devised a new way to detect chemical damage to DNA that sometimes leads to genetic mutations responsible for many diseases, including various cancers and neurological disorders. (neurosciencenews.com)
This graphic shows a new method, developed at the University of Utah, for identifying DNA lesions, or sites of damage on DNA strands that can lead to disease-causing mutations. (neurosciencenews.com)
The SOS response actually promotes the onset of antibiotic resistance because the DNA repair by the SOS system is error prone, introducing mutations to the DNA that can lead to antibiotic resistance. (reasons.org)

Distribution of the % tail DNA in the corneal epithelial cells. (biomedcentral.com)
We have therefore utilized a two stage initiation/promotion protocol to determine whether inhaled MWCNTs act as a complete carcinogen and/or promote the growth of cells with existing DNA damage. (cdc.gov)
As cell-based assays are used more commonly in robotic high-throughput compound screening, cells themselves have become critical reagents. (genengnews.com)
Cells can be produced en masse, treated to become irreversibly division-arrested, and cryopreserved. (genengnews.com)
The chemicals damage the 'tight junctions,' or interfaces, where cells in the gut wall connect to each other. (healthnews.com)
Cells containing high concentrations of deoxynucleotides are unable to properly repair single-strand DNA breaks. (nih.gov)
There is evidence, also, that 2-CdATP is incorporated into the DNA of dividing cells, resulting in impairment of DNA synthesis. (nih.gov)
DNA damage is normally repaired by normal cells before it causes complications. (news-medical.net)
Cells malfunction as more anomalies in DNA develop, eventually becoming malignant or dying. (news-medical.net)
Other variables, according to researchers, may cause DNA damage in nerve cells. (news-medical.net)
Our cells' DNA contains instructions on how they should operate. (healthnews.com)
On the other hand, damage to our DNA can transmit instructions to our cells that result in illness. (healthnews.com)
When our bodies are younger, damaged DNA in our cells typically gets repaired pretty quickly. (healthnews.com)
These compounds act on target cells by binding to estrogen receptors, ERα and/or ERβ. (researchandmarkets.com)
MCF-7 cells were treated with the compounds (IC50 concentrations) for 72 hours or left untreated (DMSO control). (nih.gov)
Superoxide dismutase is a metalloenzyme that plays an important role in protecting cells from oxidative damage, by catalyzing the conversion of the superoxide radical to H 2 O 2 [ 15 , 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
Although amplification of the DNA damage signal through multifactorial protein complex formation of DNA damage checkpoint factors is crucial for proper DNA damage response in two-dimensionally cultured cells, the dynamics of the DNA damage response in three-dimensional tissues or organs remained to be determined. (bioone.org)
The development of new compounds and methods to detect with precision and sensitivity senescent cells. (bioacademy.gr)
The current study evaluated the potential for a select number of environmental contaminants previously detected in the cluster area to induce DNA damage using in vitro assays with hematopoietic stem-cell derived progenitor cells. (cdc.gov)
It is both a blister agent (vesicant) and an alkylating agent (causes damage to the DNA of rapidly dividing cells). (cdc.gov)
Damage to cells in the basal layer of the epidermis results in separation of the epidermis from the dermis or, at high doses, in direct necrosis and sloughing of the epidermis. (msdmanuals.com)

Cooking meat at high temperatures creates carcinogens that can cause changes to DNA that may lead to cancer," says Carolyn Lammersfeld, Vice President of Integrative Medicine at Cancer Treatment Centers of America ® (CTCA). (cancercenter.com)
Processed meats have compounds within them that are known carcinogens. (cancercenter.com)
Examples of direct-acting elec- all have an impact on the outcome trophilic carcinogens are formalde- The term "genotoxic" refers to an of this proces s (Arana and Kunkel, hyde, sulfur mustard, and ethylene agent that induces DNA damage, 2010) . (who.int)
Thus, carcinogens nogenic are polycyclic aromatic hy- to induce DNA damage, it can be may act not only by producing DNA drocarbons and benzene, which by cal ed a genotoxicant or a genotox- damage directly but also by altering themselves are relatively inert chem- in, and if it is shown that the agent the processes that control normal ical y. (who.int)

Exposure of hypertensive rats to this compound produced an anti-inflammatory effect with mild edema at the injection site but without an increase in blood pressure edemas on the hypertensive rats. (wikipedia.org)
Chronic low level exposure to environmental pollutants such as synthetic pesticides has been implicated in many health conditions such as oxidative stress, leading to DNA damage, a cause behind many serious diseases such as cancer. (murraystate.edu)
and (2) to ascertain the DNA protective capacity of sinigrin, (10-30 mM), a bio-active compound found in vegetables such as broccoli, cabbage, Brussels sprouts, against the DNA damage caused due to exposure to pesticides. (murraystate.edu)
Occupational exposure to cadmium and cadmium compounds occurs mainly in the form of airborne dust and fume. (inchem.org)
Following inhalation exposure to strontium compounds, strontium particles are deposited within the respiratory tract based on their aerosol characteristics. (cdc.gov)
There is little evidence for systemic toxicity following dermal exposure to strontium compounds, which would suggest that they are not readily absorbed across the skin of humans (ATSDR 2001e). (cdc.gov)
Following exposure to radioactive strontium compounds, the most severe non carcinogenic effects seen are the result of incorporation of radioactive strontium, an emitter of beta radiation, into the skeleton, with subsequent irradiation of surrounding tissues (ATSDR 2001e). (cdc.gov)
Photosensitivity (with easy skin blistering after modest sun exposure), early freckling, and the development of lentiginous pigmentation are all symptoms of poor UV-radiation-induced damage healing. (news-medical.net)
This study used etoposide, to induce DNA damage-related senescence or chronic exposure to IL-1β to entail inflammation-related senescence in human OA chondrocytes. (aging-us.com)
When evaluating whether a dose-dependent relationship was present, seventeen of the eighteen compounds led to greater DNA damage with increasing exposure concentrations. (cdc.gov)
Short bursts of high-intensity UVR (e.g., infrequent beach vacations), as well as frequent, prolonged, cumulative UVR exposure can cause acute effects (e.g., sunburn and phototoxic medication reactions) and delayed effects from chronic exposure (e.g., sun damage, premature aging, skin cancers). (cdc.gov)
Relevance of N-nitroso compounds to human cancer : exposure and mechanisms, proceedings of the IXth International Symposium on N-Nitroso Compounds, held in Baden, Austria, 1-5 September 1986 / editors, H. Bartsch, I. K. O'Neill & R. Schulte-Hermann. (who.int)

This expanding panel of cell-based receptor assays, which currently includes 54 targets, is being offered by CMT for custom compound profiling to evaluate compound selectivity over a wide range of likely GPCR targets. (genengnews.com)
We developed Redistribution cell-based assays for use in both primary screening and lead optimization of compounds targeting GPCRs. (genengnews.com)

Renal and liver function tests should be ordered to rule out insidious damage from arsenic toxicity. (medscape.com)
Toxicity data were found for five of these compounds (thallium sulfate, thallium oxide, thallium nitrate, thallium acetate, and thallium carbonate). (cdc.gov)
Genotoxicity of the compounds was determined using the comet assay, and toxicity determined via the cell viability assay. (cdc.gov)

The broken ends of DNA activate the enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase resulting in NAD and ATP depletion and disruption of cellular metabolism. (nih.gov)
This research aimed to identify compounds that could potentially inhibit the vital metabolic enzyme α-glucosidase and thereby exert an anti-hyperglycemic effect. (bvsalud.org)

But some have wondered whether it might also prompt compounds known as lipid hydroperoxides to degrade into DNA-damaging genotoxins in the same way that certain metal ions do. (scientificamerican.com)

Another great way to protect your skin from sun damage and premature aging is to use topical antioxidants. (nuskin.com)
By applying antioxidants to the skin, we can boost the skin's natural protective mechanisms and protect it from free radical damage. (nuskin.com)

DNA protective efficiency of sinigrin was found at concentrations at and above 20 mM against pesticides with co-incubation strategy. (murraystate.edu)

But then, what about the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon products of combustion that are "suspected to be carcinogenic" and DNA-damaging? (nutritionfacts.org)

But, because the colon and its microflora play a major role in the absorption and metabolism of caffeine-related compounds, the anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects of mate tea may be most useful in the colon. (sciencedaily.com)

Occupations in which the highest potential exposures occur include cadmium production and refining, nickel-cadmium battery manufacture, cadmium pigment manufacture and formulation, cadmium alloy production, mechanical plating, zinc smelting, soldering and polyvinylchloride compounding. (inchem.org)

Oxidative damage plays a significantly pathological role in human diseases such as cancer, emphysema, cirrhosis, atherosclerosis and arthritis [ 14 , 15 ]. (ijpsonline.com)

However, if the temperature increase causes also other effects, such as less mixing of relatively more acidic subsurface water with surface water , a heatwave can also reduce acidity and thus decrease the frequency of compound events. (phys.org)
All compounds revealed strong effects on cell cycle progression and DNA damage response. (nih.gov)
Lewisite causes skin damage similar to that caused by sulfur mustard, although the mechanism of damage is different and involves effects on glutathione and sulfhydryl groups in enzymes as well as inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase. (msdmanuals.com)

Protecting our cellular DNA from damage increases cellular health and decreases the risk of age-related illness. (healthnews.com)
Several hallmarks of cellular senescence, such as cell cycle arrest, expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, DNA damages, and senescence-associated secretory profile were evaluated. (aging-us.com)
Considering the role of cellular senescence in age-related diseases including OA, the therapeutic potential of senolytic (drugs that induced SnCs death) and senomorphic (drugs that modulate the SASP) compounds have been contemplated with growing interest [ 15 ]. (aging-us.com)
The ATM-dependent DNA damage checkpoint plays a pivotal role in cellular response to ionizing radiation. (bioone.org)
Sulfur mustard and nitrogen mustard alkylate many cellular components, including DNA, and also release inflammatory cytokines. (msdmanuals.com)

DNA damage was evaluated by Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis (Comet Assay). (murraystate.edu)
Vitamin C was analysed at each time point by HPLC, whereas H 2 O 2 -induced MNBC DNA damage was evaluated at 0, 3 and 24 h by means of the comet assay. (cambridge.org)
Using the comet assay, 16 compounds at 10 nM concentration, induced a significant amount of DNA damage compared to the control. (cdc.gov)

DNA is a molecule, shaped like a double-stranded helix that contains the genetic instructions that living organisms use to develop, function and reproduce. (neurosciencenews.com)
Such sequencing involves determining the order and location of bases on a DNA strand - including damage sites labeled by unnatural bases - by passing the strand through a molecule-size pore or nanopore. (neurosciencenews.com)
DNA is a molecule of paramount importance due to its fundamental biological role in carrying and storing genetic information. (mdpi.com)
This article is about the DNA molecule. (wikipedia.org)
A chromosome is a long DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material of an organism. (wikipedia.org)

Stilbenes are powerful natural compounds known as polyphenols that are produced by plants to fend off bacteria, viruses, and fungi. (biotivia.com)

Comparing the quality of DNA in sperm from diabetic and non-diabetic men, the study found that DNA fragmentation was greater in diabetic men (52 percent, versus 32 percent in non-diabetic men), and that there were more deletions of DNA in the cell mitochondria. (scienceagogo.com)
Other studies have already shown that, while the female egg has a limited ability to repair damaged sperm DNA, fragmentation beyond this threshold may result in increased rates of embryonic failure and pregnancy loss," said co-researcher Sheena Lewis. (scienceagogo.com)

They also conducted lab tests that exposed human gut tissues to the compound and examined gut cell genetic activity. (healthnews.com)
She was among the first to demonstrate this strange property, and no one knows if it helps DNA carry out its job of carrying genetic information. (nku.edu)

On the other hand, etoposide treatment reliably induces DNA damage-related senescence in human articular chondrocytes evidenced by loss of proliferative capacity, DNA damage accumulation, and expression of some SASP components. (aging-us.com)
4. Induces epigenetic alterations usual y arises as the cell attempts to repair the DNA damage. (who.int)

Purine bases were modified to products identical with those known to be typical of DNA damage induced by hydroxyl radicals. (uni-regensburg.de)

This compound also inhibits the growth of MRSA in vitro. (wikipedia.org)

Jan Riedl, a University of Utah postdoctoral fellow and the study's first author, says 99 percent of DNA lesions - damage to the chemical bases known as A, C, G and T that help form the DNA double helix - are repaired naturally. (neurosciencenews.com)
The chemists say their new method will let researchers study chemical details of DNA lesions or damage. (neurosciencenews.com)
Fourth, another chemical label, named 18-crown-6 ether, is affixed to the unnatural base pair on all the DNA strands, which are then read or sequenced using a kind of nanopore sequencing developed a few years ago by Burrows and Utah chemist Henry White. (neurosciencenews.com)
Chemical Found in Common Sweetener Damages DNA. (healthnews.com)

They detect DNA damage, unwind damaged segments of DNA, snip off (excise) the abnormal parts, and replace the damaged areas with the right DNA. (news-medical.net)

The slowing down of cell replication occurs due to the shortening of telomeres , which are present at the end of each DNA strand. (healthnews.com)

In addition, the compound significantly increased the expression of genes in the gut associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and cancer. (healthnews.com)
Treatment of calf thymus DNA with anthralin significantly enhanced the amount of modified bases above control levels. (uni-regensburg.de)

For example, hydrogen peroxide produced by bacteria in the mouth may accumulate in and damage soft tissues, leading to mouth ulcers and gangrene. (medlineplus.gov)

Enzymes in this group unwind double helix RNA and DNA. (medscape.com)

No antifibrotic compound has been approved for liver fibrosis and if the cause of the chronic injury is not solved, fibrosis can progress to cirrhosis. (lu.se)

All these compounds strengthen the connective tissues, protect the structural base of the skin, and boost the production of telomerase enzymes to support skin health. (sdgln.com)

The new method for finding DNA lesions combines other, existing techniques. (neurosciencenews.com)

This is achieved, inter alia, by means of specific repair mechanisms that ensure an efficient and prompt correction of the DNA defects. (mdpi.com)

In addition, there is an increase in the adoption of octocrylene for newer applications as the compound (concentration is limited to 10-12%) is approved by various regulatory organizations, which is anticipated to drive the Octocrylene market during the forecast period. (researchandmarkets.com)
The kinetic studies of compound 3c displayed concentration-dependent inhibition. (bvsalud.org)

This document includes nine of the commonly used thallium compounds. (cdc.gov)
TGM2 gene encoding transglutaminase 2 was commonly deregulated after treatment with all four CSA compounds. (nih.gov)

Burrows says the new study's key innovation was to use base excision repair to snip out the damage and then to insert the unnatural base pair at the damage site, making it possible to make millions of copies of the DNA - a process that normally would be prevented by the damage. (neurosciencenews.com)

First, the researchers find the damage and cut it out of the DNA the same way a cell does naturally, using what is called "base excision repair," the discovery of which won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry this year for Tomas Lindahl, a scientist in England. (neurosciencenews.com)
Diabetic men have greater levels of DNA damage to their sperm, which may affect their fertility and their offspring's future health, say researchers at Queen's University, Belfast. (scienceagogo.com)

The main symptoms of xeroderma pigmentosum are caused by an accumulation of unrepaired DNA damage. (news-medical.net)
Although the brain is not exposed to UV rays, it is assumed that an accumulation of DNA damage causes neurological disorders. (news-medical.net)

Many of the xeroderma pigmentosum genes are involved in a DNA-repair mechanism called nucleotide excision repair (NER). (news-medical.net)
Revisil Reviews - Can This Face Cream Repair Your Skin Damage? (sdgln.com)
Revisil is an Okinawan face cream designed to help repair skin damage and improve skin health naturally. (sdgln.com)
This metabolic response kicks in when the bacterium's DNA sustains damage and it consists largely of a set of processes that repair the broken DNA. (reasons.org)
Working together, the quinolones and re-engineered phage blocked DNA repair in the E. coli . (reasons.org)
Her techniques may lead to new ways to diagnose diseases and treat them through DNA repair. (nku.edu)
Evidence suggests that metal complexes can be used to repair damaged DNA. (nku.edu)
Several pathways involved in cell cycle and DNA repair were affected upon NV651 treatment. (lu.se)

80% absorption) and less soluble compounds potentially persisting within the lungs (ATSDR 2001e). (cdc.gov)

The combination of NV651 and cisplatin, a DNA damage reagent, resulted in a synergistic effect in cell viability, and a significant increase on cell death in HCC cell lines. (lu.se)

Common variations (polymorphisms) in the CAT gene and in regions of DNA that regulate the gene's activity may be associated with the risk of developing certain common, complex diseases. (medlineplus.gov)

Methods for detecting DNA damaging agents in humans: applications in cancer epidemiology and prevention / editors, H. Bartsch, K. Hemminki & I. K. O'Neill. (who.int)

Isatin is synthetically a versatile substrate that can be used for the synthesis of large variety of heterocyclic compounds. (ijpsonline.com)
Isatin (1-H-indole-2,3- dione) and its derivatives possess diverse biological and pharmacological activities and are widely used as a starting material for the synthesis of a broad range of heterocyclic compound substrates for drug synthesis [ 1 ]. (ijpsonline.com)

As such, its stability is key for safeguarding DNA integrity from external stress. (mdpi.com)
We set out to recover the disc's mechanical integrity while simultaneously attenuating inflammation in order to prevent further tissue damage and retain as much tissue function as possible. (sciencedaily.com)

Anatomy18

Organisms8

Diseases9

Chemicals and Drugs125

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment25

Phenomena and Processes79

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science3

Health Care2

Free radicals7

Genotoxic compounds1

Antioxidant8

Bioactive2

Sucralose-6-acetate4

Proteins3

Potent6

Mutations3

Cells21

Carcinogens4

Exposure12

Assays2

Toxicity3

Enzyme2

Lipid1

Antioxidants2

Concentrations1

Carcinogenic1

Anti-inflammatory1

Zinc1

Oxidative damage1

Effects3

Cellular5

Comet Assay3

Molecule5

Polyphenols1

Fragmentation2

Genetic2

Induces2

Hydroxyl radicals1

Vitro1

Chemical4

Detect DNA Damage1

Occurs1

Significantly2

Hydrogen1

Unwind1

Chronic1

Enzymes1

Lesions1

Defects1

Concentration2

Commonly2

Snip1

Researchers2

Accumulation2

Repair8

Potentially1

Cell viability1

Diseases1

Methods1

Synthesis2

Integrity2