DistalPancreasBlockageJaundiceDuodenumRight and left hepatic dLeft and right hepatic dExtrahepatic bile duct cHepatic arteryIntrahepatic bileGallstonesErcpCancersTumorsPorta hepatisObstructionPerihilarBilirubinCholedocholithiasisCholangiocarcinomaManagement of common bileStones in the common bileTubesCholecystectomyMrcpCancerAscending cholangitisPapillaryDilationExplorationCystic dilationsDigestionAmpullaGall-bladderGallbladder surgerySymptomsStored in the gallbladderInflammationBlood vesselsLiver bileCarry bilePortal veinInfectionLaparoscopic surgeryCholeStores bileAbnormalitiesFluid made in the liverSurgeryCarcinomaDiseases
Distal4
- The distal extremity of the bile duct invariably features its own sphincteric muscle (the pancreatic duct and the hepatopancreatic ampulla usually possess sphincters of their own to allow the flow of pancreatic juice to be regulated independently, however, these two can be absent). (wikipedia.org)
- Tumours in the head of the pancreas may come to obstruct the distal bile duct. (wikipedia.org)
- 18. Squamous cell carcinoma of the distal common bile duct. (nih.gov)
- Patients with distal malignant biliary obstruction have a higher risk of ERCP failure, related to the difficulty of bile duct cannulation or access to the second duodenal portion due to the presence of a stenosis. (centerwatch.com)
Pancreas8
- May be related to ducts of the GB and the pancreas and anatomical variations. (dssurgery.com)
- The common bile duct passes through part of the pancreas before it joins with the pancreatic duct and empties into the first part of the small intestine (the duodenum ) at the ampulla of Vater. (cancer.org)
- Any condition that leads to stasis or obstruction of bile in the CBD, including benign or malignant stricture, parasitic infection, or extrinsic compression by the pancreas, can result in bacterial infection and cholangitis. (medscape.com)
- however, the normal location in the host is the pancreas and this is very rarely present in the bile duct. (cdc.gov)
- 13. Mixed ductal-endocrine carcinoma of the pancreas with synchronous papillary carcinoma-in-situ of the common bile duct: a case report and literature review--synchronous pancreatic and bile duct tumors. (nih.gov)
- The pancreatic duct is a tube that runs from the pancreas and connects to the common bile duct just before entering the duodenum. (augustahealth.com)
- A gallstone can cause a blockage in the pancreatic duct, which can lead to inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis). (augustahealth.com)
- Cancers of the bile duct or pancreas can also cause a blockage. (nih.gov)
Blockage8
- The size of the common bile duct, if dilated, may suggest a blockage downstream. (dssurgery.com)
- Bile duct obstruction is a blockage in the tubes that carry bile from the liver to the gallbladder and small intestine. (medlineplus.gov)
- If the blockage is caused by cancer, the duct may need to be widened. (medlineplus.gov)
- The dye will show a narrowing or blockage of your bile duct. (bccancer.bc.ca)
- A stent is a small metal or plastic tube that's put through the blockage in the duct. (cancer.org)
- Blockage of the common bile duct. (augustahealth.com)
- Blockage of the pancreatic duct. (augustahealth.com)
- Cholangitis is inflammation and blockage of bile ducts in the liver. (emedicinehealth.com)
Jaundice7
- Obstruction of the common bile duct and related jaundice has been documented since at least since the time of Erasistratus. (wikipedia.org)
- When the bile ducts become blocked, bile builds up in the liver, and jaundice (yellow color of the skin) develops due to the increasing level of bilirubin in the blood. (medlineplus.gov)
- 2. Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the common bile duct presenting as obstructive jaundice. (nih.gov)
- 14. Amputation neuroma of common bile duct with obstructive jaundice: a case report. (nih.gov)
- 19. Common bile duct papillary adenoma causing obstructive jaundice: case report and review of the literature. (nih.gov)
- If cancer is blocking a duct that carries bile from the gallbladder or liver to the small intestine, it can lead to jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes) and other problems, like infection and liver failure. (cancer.org)
- Severe pain, jaundice and bile duct infection can result. (augustahealth.com)
Duodenum7
- Choledochoduodenostomy - a surgical procedure to create a connection between the common bile duct (CBD) and an alternative portion of the duodenum. (wikipedia.org)
- The tube that carries bile from your liver to the duodenum (the first part of your small intestine). (nih.gov)
- Your common bile duct and main pancreatic duct join before emptying their contents into your duodenum. (nih.gov)
- Common Bile duct is part of the "plumbing" that drains the secretion of the liver (bile) into small bowel (duodenum). (dssurgery.com)
- The gallbladder is part of a network of structures known collectively as the biliary tree, which drains bile from the liver into the duodenum to facilitate digestion. (cdc.gov)
- The gastroduodenal branch of the common hepatic artery passes behind the duodenum and divides into the right gastroepiploic artery and the superior pancreaticoduodenal artery. (healthline.com)
- The tube in the body that carries bile from the liver and gallbladder into the duodenum (the upper part of the small intestine). (pancreatic.org)
Right and left hepatic d3
- The right and left hepatic ducts (6), and the cystic duct (9) have been exposed. (stanford.edu)
- The biliary tree also includes the cystic duct, the right and left hepatic ducts, and the common hepatic and common bile ducts, as well as a series of microscopic biliary vessels. (cdc.gov)
- An MRI showed malformed cystic dilation of the intrahepatic bile ducts, the right and left hepatic ducts and the common bile duct with its transverse axis measuring 10 cm (Figures 1-4). (scirp.org)
Left and right hepatic d5
- These merge into larger ducts and then into the left and right hepatic ducts. (cancer.org)
- The left and right hepatic ducts exit the liver and join to form the common hepatic duct in an area called the hilum . (cancer.org)
- These cancers start at the hilum, where the left and right hepatic ducts have joined and are just leaving the liver. (cancer.org)
- Left and right hepatic ducts , 4. (wikizero.com)
- The connection between the left and right hepatic ducts forms the common hepatic duct, whose function is to drain bile from the liver. (healthline.com)
Extrahepatic bile duct c3
- Extrahepatic bile duct cancer is a rare disease in which cancer cells form in the ducts that are outside the liver. (aacr.org)
- MRCP (magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography): if your doctor thinks you have extrahepatic bile duct cancer. (bccancer.bc.ca)
- used to check for extrahepatic bile duct cancer. (bccancer.bc.ca)
Hepatic artery7
- On abdominal ultrasonography, the common bile duct is most readily seen in the porta hepatis (where the CBD lies anterior to the portal vein and hepatic artery). (wikipedia.org)
- Although in the majority of people, the hepatic artery lies to the left of the common bile duct (CBD), there are numerous potential anatomic variations in this area that must be kept in mind. (medscape.com)
- Most notably, a replaced right hepatic artery (see the image below) may arise from the superior mesenteric artery and course to the right of the portal vein, the common hepatic duct (CHD), and the CBD. (medscape.com)
- The tumour has spread into the portal vein on both sides of the liver, the common hepatic artery, or other bile ducts on one side of the liver and a main blood vessel on the other side of the liver. (bccancer.bc.ca)
- The common hepatic artery is one of the final branches of the celiac artery. (healthline.com)
- The common hepatic artery splits into the proper hepatic artery and the gastroduodenal artery. (healthline.com)
- The hepatic artery proper splits off the common hepatic artery. (healthline.com)
Intrahepatic bile3
- All of these ducts within the liver are called intrahepatic bile ducts . (cancer.org)
- 2. Intrahepatic bile ducts , 3. (wikizero.com)
- The abdominal ultrasound revealed a significant dilation of the common bile duct and the intrahepatic bile ducts without a visible obstacle. (scirp.org)
Gallstones4
- Common bile duct stones (CBDS) are estimated to be present in 10-20% of individuals with symptomatic gallstones. (bsg.org.uk)
- Biliary track dilatation is commonly seen after GB removal.Unless you have Gallstones formed in the biliary tree after your GB surgery (this is known and primary biliary stones) then I do not think that your symptoms are results of the dilated ducts. (dssurgery.com)
- If your gallbladder doesn't empty completely or often enough, bile may become very concentrated, contributing to the formation of gallstones. (augustahealth.com)
- Gallstones can block the tubes (ducts) through which bile flows from your gallbladder or liver to your small intestine. (augustahealth.com)
Ercp6
- LCBDE is an attractive alternative for stone retrieval in patients with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass given the anatomical difficulty in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopaneatography (ERCP). (qxmd.com)
- In Western countries, choledocholithiasis is the most common cause of acute cholangitis, followed by ERCP and tumors. (medscape.com)
- 1.3.3 If the bile duct cannot be cleared with ERCP, use biliary stenting to achieve biliary drainage only as a temporary measure until definitive endoscopic or surgical clearance. (nice.org.uk)
- Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ( ERCP ) is a major option for common bile duct (CBD) stones. (bvsalud.org)
- Endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST), endoscopic papillary balloon dilatation (EPBD), and endoscopic sphincterotomy plus balloon dilatation (ESBD) are procedures for opening the bile duct orifice to extract CBD stones during ERCP . (bvsalud.org)
- Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was performed, which demonstrated a live parasite in the common bile duct. (cdc.gov)
Cancers15
- These cancers start in the smaller bile duct branches inside the liver. (cancer.org)
- These cancers are found farther down the bile duct, closer to the small intestine. (cancer.org)
- Like perihilar cancers, these are extrahepatic bile duct cancers because they start outside of the liver. (cancer.org)
- Over 90% (90 out of 100) of bile duct cancers are adenocarcinomas. (bccancer.bc.ca)
- These cancers begin in the mucus glands lining the inside of the bile duct. (bccancer.bc.ca)
- Other bile duct cancers include squamous cell carcinoma, lymphoma and sarcoma. (bccancer.bc.ca)
- Only about 10% (10 out of 100) bile duct cancers are intrahepatic. (bccancer.bc.ca)
- Hoag Family Cancer Institute offers exceptional medical and surgical treatment for bile duct and gallbladder cancers. (hoag.org)
- Hoag's team of board-certified, fellowship-trained hepatobiliary surgeons focus specifically on bile duct and gallbladder cancers. (hoag.org)
- With a range of available trials in the areas of bile duct and gallbladder cancers, Hoag's early development (phase I and II) clinical trials provide options beyond the typical standard of care. (hoag.org)
- 4. Successful surgical treatment for metachronous advanced cancers of the gallbladder and the common bile duct--case report. (nih.gov)
- For this reason, bile duct cancers tend to spread more quickly than other types of cancers. (healthline.com)
- Doctors only find a small number of bile duct cancers before they spread to other parts of the body. (healthline.com)
- Both bile duct cancer and pancreatic cancer are aggressive cancers. (healthline.com)
- Estos modelos se aplicaron en el curso Handsonenel IRCAD (Institut de recherche contre les cancers de l'appareil digestif) Barretos de 2017. (scielo.org.pe)
Tumors2
- Bile duct tumors are also deep inside the body and can't be felt by a doctor during a physical exam. (healthline.com)
- But these tumors can easily grow through the bile duct wall, where they have easy access to nearby blood vessels and organs. (healthline.com)
Porta hepatis1
- It consists of a rounded fundus, smooth body and tapering neck, which becomes contiguous with the cystic duct and attaches to the porta hepatis. (cdc.gov)
Obstruction3
- Several problems can arise within the common bile duct, usually related to its obstruction. (wikipedia.org)
- The main factors in the pathogenesis of acute cholangitis are biliary tract obstruction, elevated intraluminal pressure, and infection of bile. (medscape.com)
- Whipple intervention, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, Billroth II surgery), periampullary diverticula, gastric outlet obstruction, and malignant obstruction of the lumen determine the failure of the procedure in about 5-10% of cases, requiring alternative methods of decompression. (centerwatch.com)
Perihilar3
- Borderline of a dilated perihilar bile duct, measuring 8 mm. (wikipedia.org)
- The common hepatic duct, which is also called the perihilar part of the extrahepatic duct. (aacr.org)
- Perihilar - Cancer starts in the hepatic duct where the bile ducts join just outside the liver. (bccancer.bc.ca)
Bilirubin5
- It contains cholesterol, bile salts, and waste products such as bilirubin . (medlineplus.gov)
- Your bile contains too much bilirubin. (augustahealth.com)
- These dark brown or black stones form when your bile contains too much bilirubin. (augustahealth.com)
- Bile contains substances required for digestion and absorption of fat called bile acids, as well as other compounds that are waste products, such as bilirubin. (emedicinehealth.com)
- Bile ducts drain bilirubin from the liver into the intestines. (nih.gov)
Choledocholithiasis1
- METHODS: This retrospective review analyzes five patients who underwent LESS common bile duct exploration (Multiple trocars method) with c-tube drainage for choledocholithiasis. (sages.org)
Cholangiocarcinoma4
- Bile duct cancer, also known as cholangiocarcinoma , starts in a bile duct. (cancer.org)
- Bile duct cancer (cholangiocarcinoma) can start in any part of the bile duct system. (cancer.org)
- Bile duct adenocarcinoma is also called cholangiocarcinoma. (bccancer.bc.ca)
- Bile duct cancer, also known as cholangiocarcinoma, is a rare type of cancer that grows in the bile ducts. (healthline.com)
Management of common bile1
Stones in the common bile2
- Conclusions With accurate preoperative risk assessment and strict treatment of basic diseases for elderly patients, if the stones in the common bile duct were cleared in laparoscopic surgery, the primary suture in elderly patients is feasible, safe, and valid. (researchsquare.com)
- 0 indicates a high risk of one or more stones in the common bile duct. (medicalalgorithms.com)
Tubes5
- The bile ducts are a series of thin tubes that go from the liver to the small intestine. (cancer.org)
- Many essential parts of the body contain tubes: the liver for example, contains bile ducts and blood vessels. (elifesciences.org)
- This approach shows the cross-sections of tubes, but not how the ducts connect and interact. (elifesciences.org)
- These small tubes transport bile, a fluid made in the liver that helps with digestion. (healthline.com)
- Bile ducts are small tubes that transport bile from the liver to the larger hepatic ducts and into the gallbladder where bile is stored until a person eats. (emedicinehealth.com)
Cholecystectomy5
- Does the common bile duct dilate after cholecystectomy? (wikipedia.org)
- Dilated common bile after a cholecystectomy is of no significance by itself and should only be considered important if there are other findings, such as pancreatitis or elevated liver function tests.It is, however, important to remember that for any patient who has had the Duodenal switch operation, or the Gastric bypass procedure, the altered anatomy precludes the option of MRCP as a diagnostic or Therapeutic study. (dssurgery.com)
- 1.3.1 Offer bile duct clearance and laparoscopic cholecystectomy to people with symptomatic or asymptomatic common bile duct stones. (nice.org.uk)
- Grande et al developed a score for identifying a patient at risk for a common bile duct stone using risk factors available prior to laparoscopic cholecystectomy. (medicalalgorithms.com)
- 15. [A case of amputation neuroma of the bile duct following video-laparoscopic cholecystectomy]. (nih.gov)
Mrcp1
- 3D MRCP showing important dilation of bile ducts, right (blue) left (red) and common bile duct (purple). (scirp.org)
Cancer41
- What Is Bile Duct Cancer? (cancer.org)
- To understand this cancer, it helps to know about the bile ducts and what they normally do. (cancer.org)
- What are the signs and symptoms of bile duct cancer? (bccancer.bc.ca)
- How is bile duct cancer diagnosed? (bccancer.bc.ca)
- This test can be used to do a biopsy of bile duct cells, check for bile duct stones or a tumour, and to check if cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes. (bccancer.bc.ca)
- If you are diagnosed with bile duct cancer, your doctor may check for these tumour markers: CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) and CA 19-9 (carbohydrate antigen 19-9). (bccancer.bc.ca)
- What are the types of bile duct cancer? (bccancer.bc.ca)
- Extrahepatic - Cancer starts in the bile duct outside the liver. (bccancer.bc.ca)
- This is the most common place for bile duct cancer. (bccancer.bc.ca)
- Intrahepatic - Cancer starts in the bile duct inside the liver. (bccancer.bc.ca)
- What are the stages of bile duct cancer? (bccancer.bc.ca)
- The tumour (cancer growth) is only in the innermost layer of the bile duct. (bccancer.bc.ca)
- My mom was diagnosed a couple of months ago with Bile duct cancer. (cancer.org)
- Accurate diagnosis and advanced, noninvasive treatment options are key to treating bile duct and gallbladder cancer. (hoag.org)
- Do I Have Bile Duct Cancer? (hoag.org)
- 11. Curative resection of a huge bile duct cancer without pancreatoduodenectomy. (nih.gov)
- How Aggressive Is Bile Duct Cancer? (healthline.com)
- Bile duct cancer is a rare but very aggressive cancer. (healthline.com)
- Doctors diagnose about 8,000 cases of bile duct cancer each year in the United States. (healthline.com)
- Most people are over 65 years of age when they receive a diagnosis of bile duct cancer. (healthline.com)
- Although rare, bile duct cancer tends to be more aggressive than other types of cancer. (healthline.com)
- How fast does bile duct cancer spread? (healthline.com)
- Bile duct cancer is slow growing . (healthline.com)
- Is bile duct cancer more aggressive than pancreatic cancer? (healthline.com)
- Bile duct cancer is more deadly than pancreatic cancer but is less common. (healthline.com)
- According to the American Cancer Society , pancreatic cancer has an overall 5-year survival rate of about 11%, compared with about 9% for bile duct cancer. (healthline.com)
- Where does bile duct cancer spread? (healthline.com)
- Bile duct cancer usually first spreads to a nearby blood vessel. (healthline.com)
- How do symptoms of bile duct cancer progress by stage? (healthline.com)
- Doctors group bile duct cancer into five major stages (0 to 4) based on the size of the tumor and how much the cancer has spread. (healthline.com)
- In the early stages (stages 0, 1, or 2), you might not have any symptoms of bile duct cancer unless a tumor has blocked a bile duct. (healthline.com)
- As bile duct cancer spreads to other parts of your body, you may have other symptoms related to the area in which it has spread. (healthline.com)
- What are the best treatments for bile duct cancer? (healthline.com)
- In addition to using stages, doctors may refer to a bile duct cancer based on its treatment options. (healthline.com)
- Surgery to remove your bile ducts is the primary treatment for early stage bile duct cancer. (healthline.com)
- But only a small number of bile duct cancer cases are suitable for surgery. (healthline.com)
- In 2022, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the drug durvalumab (Imfinzi) as the first immunotherapy to treat bile duct cancer. (healthline.com)
- Another emerging treatment for bile duct cancer still under investigation is CAR T-cell therapy . (healthline.com)
- What is the outlook for people with bile duct cancer? (healthline.com)
- Localized" means cancer is only found within the bile ducts. (healthline.com)
- The most common type of pancreatic cancer within the exocrine system. (pancreatic.org)
Ascending cholangitis1
- In this obstructed state, the duct is especially vulnerable to an infection called ascending cholangitis. (wikipedia.org)
Papillary1
- Endoscopic papillary balloon dilation with or without endoscopic sphincterotomy or mechanical lithotripsy has been shown to be effective for management of difficult to remove bile duct stones in selected patients. (wjgnet.com)
Dilation2
- Rare deformities of the common bile duct are cystic dilations (4 cm), choledochoceles (cystic dilation of the ampula of Vater (3-8 cm)), and biliary atresia. (wikipedia.org)
- 2 weighted sequences, coronal section showing massive dilation of the common bile duct (purple) and normal gallbladder (yellow). (scirp.org)
Exploration5
- However, to date, there are no reports about LESS surgery in common bile duct exploration. (sages.org)
- CONCLUSIONS: The LESS surgery has been successfully applied to common bile duct exploration as an available alternative to conventional laparoscopic surgery. (sages.org)
- The Common Bile Duct Replaceable Tissue Pack includes ten replaceable gallbladder and bile duct tissues for use with the Common Bile Duct Exploration Model. (simulab.com)
- Practice both open and laparoscopic transcystic common bile duct exploration with the replaceable tissues. (simulab.com)
- Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration Using a Disposable Bronchoscope. (qxmd.com)
Cystic dilations1
- Congenital cystic dilations of the biliary duct are rare malformations that are grouped into several types, depending on the site, shape and distribution of the malformation. (scirp.org)
Digestion3
- Pancreatic juices, which aid in digestion, flow through the pancreatic duct. (augustahealth.com)
- Bile is stored in the gallbladder between meals and discharged into the small intestine during the digestion of foods. (emedicinehealth.com)
- Bile salts are produced by the liver and are essential for the digestion and absorption of fat in the small intestine. (cdc.gov)
Ampulla2
- It ends by uniting with the pancreatic duct to form the hepatopancreatic ampulla. (wikipedia.org)
- The bile duct terminates by uniting with the pancreatic duct (at an angle of about 60°) to form the hepatopancreatic ampulla. (wikipedia.org)
Gall-bladder1
- The gall-bladder and bile ducts laid open. (wikipedia.org)
Gallbladder surgery1
- Dilated common bile duct however is common after gallbladder surgery, and this by itself, may result in gallstone formation in the bile duct, (knows as primary biliary stones). (dssurgery.com)
Symptoms3
- The symptoms resolved, common bile duct dilatation and liver function improved on discontinuation of ketamine use. (nih.gov)
- The common practice is that patients with no evidence of gallstone, and symptoms of gallbladder (GB) attacks, are evaluated and if the EF is less that 30% then it is removed. (dssurgery.com)
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a common problem in infancy, may lead to troublesome symptoms or complications such as oesophagitis or oesophageal stricturing in a. (annals.edu.sg)
Stored in the gallbladder1
- Bile passes out of the liver through the bile ducts and is stored in the gallbladder. (medlineplus.gov)
Inflammation5
- [ 2 ] It is characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts. (medscape.com)
- Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a chronic disease characterized by progressive inflammation and destruction of the small bile ducts within the liver. (emedicinehealth.com)
- The inflammation in PBC starts in the liver's portal tracts and involves the small bile ducts in these areas. (emedicinehealth.com)
- As the inflammation continues to destroy more of these bile ducts, it spreads to destroy nearby liver cells (hepatocytes). (emedicinehealth.com)
- The combined effects of progressive inflammation, scarring, and toxicity of bile trapped within hepatocytes (liver cells) culminate in cirrhosis. (emedicinehealth.com)
Blood vessels2
- One resin was injected into the bile ducts, and another into the blood vessels. (elifesciences.org)
- In fact, the branching portal tracts containing the bile ducts also contain the blood vessels that enter and leave the liver. (emedicinehealth.com)
Liver bile1
- Secreted by the liver, bile is composed largely of bile salts, bile pigments and small amounts of organic materials such as cholesterol, lecithin, fatty acid and mucin. (cdc.gov)
Carry bile2
- Bile ducts carry bile from the liver to the gallbladder and then to the small intestine. (bccancer.bc.ca)
- The bile ducts carry bile, a fluid that is produced by the liver cells (hepatocytes) and modified by the biliary lining (epithelial) cells as it flows through the ducts to the small intestine. (emedicinehealth.com)
Portal vein1
- For part of its course, it runs near the portal vein and the common bile duct. (healthline.com)
Infection2
- Radius also was of value to overcome in-line viewing and hand/instruments collisions, which are common problems in LESS surgery, No mortality was associated with this procedure, and one wound infection was drained without anesthesia. (sages.org)
- As a result, infection ascends into the hepatic ducts, causing serious infection. (medscape.com)
Laparoscopic surgery1
Chole1
- Chole means bile and stasis means failure to or decreased flow. (emedicinehealth.com)
Stores bile2
- Lower down, the gallbladder (a small organ that stores bile) is joined to the common hepatic duct by a small duct called the cystic duct . (cancer.org)
- Bile ducts connect your liver to your gallbladder, which stores bile, or to your small intestine, which uses bile to break down food. (healthline.com)
Abnormalities1
- They did an recap and found no abnormalities they suspect sphincter of odi I recently happened again 3 months later and this time I had diarrhea I was nauseous lightheaded when the pain came on it was so severe bile duct is now dilated 14 mm not sure what to do they say maybe Ecco but that I could get pancreatitis. (dssurgery.com)
Fluid made in the liver1
- Bile is a fluid made in the liver. (bccancer.bc.ca)
Surgery1
- My gastro is concerned that there is a bile duct issue I'm worried this pain is scary and never had it before surgery. (dssurgery.com)
Carcinoma1
- 12. [Bile duct carcinoma in an adenoma in the anastomotic area after hepaticojejunostomy--a case report]. (nih.gov)
Diseases2
- Fogel EL, Sherman S. Diseases of the gallbladder and bile ducts. (medlineplus.gov)
- Needle-Knife Fistulotomy as a Rescue Access of the Common Bile Duct in Cirrhotic Patients: Feasibility and Outcome', Afro-Egyptian Journal of Infectious and Endemic Diseases , 3(4), pp. 135-145. (ekb.eg)