Sex ChromosomesGenes, X-LinkedGenes, Y-LinkedChromosomes, Human, XY ChromosomeChromosomes, BacterialX ChromosomeChromosome MappingEscherichia coliChromosomesDosage Compensation, GeneticSex DifferentiationEscherichia coli ProteinsSex-Determining Region Y ProteinSex Determination ProcessesSex CharacteristicsMolecular Sequence DataGenes, BacterialChromosome BandingDNA, BacterialBase SequenceChromosome SegregationChromosome AberrationsPlasmidsChromosomes, Human, Pair 1MutationChromosomes, HumanBacterial ProteinsChromosome DeletionCloning, MolecularChromosomes, Human, Pair 7Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17GenesChromosomes, Human, Pair 6Transduction, GeneticChromosomes, Human, Pair 9Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21OperonEscherichia coli InfectionsRecombination, GeneticDNA ReplicationChromosomes, PlantAmino Acid SequenceChromosomes, FungalChromosomes, Human, 6-12 and XChromosomes, Human, Pair 2Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22Chromosome PairingChromosomes, MammalianChromosomes, Human, Pair 13DNA Transposable ElementsGenetic LinkageChromosomes, Human, Pair 4Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10Bacteriophage lambdaChromosomes, Human, YChromosomes, Human, Pair 8Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19Chromosome DisordersChromosomes, Artificial, BacterialChromosome InversionGenetic Complementation TestColiphagesChromosomes, Human, Pair 5Chromosomes, Human, 1-3Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12Chromosome PaintingChromosomes, Human, Pair 15Restriction MappingKaryotypingChromosomes, Human, Pair 14Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18Chromosomes, Human, 16-18In Situ Hybridization, FluorescenceChromosomes, Human, Pair 20Chromosomes, Artificial, YeastGene Expression Regulation, BacterialDNA Restriction EnzymesEscherichia coli K12Chromosomes, Human, 13-15LysogenyPhenotypeChromosome BreakageChromosomes, Human, 21-22 and YRing ChromosomesEscherichia coli O157Nucleic Acid HybridizationGenetic MarkersConjugation, GeneticChromosome PositioningChromosomes, Human, 4-5Transcription, GeneticGenes, RegulatorF FactorRNA, BacterialSequence Analysis, DNAAllelesX Chromosome Inactivation