• We enrolled 245 patients with ruptured tiny intracranial aneurysms treated with coil embolization. (frontiersin.org)
  • in 1991 he published two works dealing with the embolization of brain aneurysms by means of detachable platinum coils (Guglielmi's coils). (wikipedia.org)
  • All four patients treated by endosaccular coil embolization showed aneurysmal regrowth. (nih.gov)
  • All ICA BBAs that were treated by endosaccular coil embolization exhibited regrowth of the aneurysm. (nih.gov)
  • Stent-assisted coil embolization is an option for treatment of ruptured wide neck ruptured aneurysms and for salvage treatment during unassisted embolization of ruptured aneurysms but complications and retreatment rates are higher than for routine clipping or coiling of cerebral aneurysms. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • Four were treated with coil embolization and six with stent or balloon-assisted coil embolization. (yonsei.ac.kr)
  • Parent artery occlusion was performed to prevent further cerebral infarction due to distal embolization of the thrombus. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • A Complicated Case of Endovascular Stent Assisted Coil Embolization of an Aneurysm. (the-jcen.org)
  • Infarction of the parent artery due to coil compaction, recanalization and embolization is a significant problem of endovascular coiling for a wide-necked aneurysm. (the-jcen.org)
  • Wide-necked aneurysms have been recently treated with stent assisted coil embolization. (the-jcen.org)
  • Stent-assisted coil embolization results in a higher rate of complication. (the-jcen.org)
  • From September 2014 to August 2020, 6 consecutive patients who had PcomA aneurysms with fetal-type PCAs and no previous treatment for these aneurysms were treated with double-balloon-assisted coil embolization at our institution. (neurointervention.org)
  • This was just before the introduction of the Guglielmi Detachable Coil to Japan and I had gone abroad to study aneurysm coil embolization. (neuronewsinternational.com)
  • We had many cases of aneurysm coil embolization and cerebral arteriovenous malformation glue embolization at Nancy, and Luc taught me not only the clinical aspect but also a part of the spirit and essence of neuroradiology which originated and developed in France. (neuronewsinternational.com)
  • I treated her by endovascular embolization using glue with a flow control balloon catheter. (neuronewsinternational.com)
  • We carried out a rescue treatment with endovascular technique by coil embolization of the injured carotid artery, and the haemorrhage stopped. (neuronewsinternational.com)
  • Since the International Subarachnoid Aneurysm Trial demonstrated its safety and efficacy, endovascular treatment (EVT) involving coil embolization has been a mainstay of treatment for both unruptured and ruptured intracranial aneurysms [ 1 ]. (e-jnc.org)
  • At most centers, coil embolization for ruptured intracranial aneurysm (RIA) is performed under general anesthesia (GA), which provides optimal conditions for the procedure [ 2 ]. (e-jnc.org)
  • Intrauterine balloon tamponade is often effective but embolization should be considered as an alternative to more radical surgery (uterine B-Lynch brace suturing, surgical ligation of uterine or internal iliac arteries or hysterectomy). (interventionalnews.com)
  • The safety and feasibility of simple coil embolization and stent deployment for the treatment of posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) aneurysms, as well as their radiologic and clinical results, have not been adequately understood. (koreamed.org)
  • 7) Furthermore, the safety and feasibility of stent assist coil embolization of proximal PICA aneurysms with narrow caliber are not precisely known, including their radiologic and clinical results. (koreamed.org)
  • 5) The authors present a successful but challenging case of stent-assisted coil embolization of a ruptured left proximal PICA dissecting fusiform aneurysm with left vertebral artery orifice (VAO) stenosis using the contralateral vertebral artery (VA) approach for stenting and the ipsilateral VA approach for coil embolization. (koreamed.org)
  • Our endovascular team decided to perform a stent-assisted coil embolization with a bilateral VA approach through bilateral femoral puncture. (koreamed.org)
  • This study aims to compare the safety and efficacy of stent-assisted coiling (SAC) with those of coiling alone (CA) for the treatment of ruptured tiny intracranial aneurysms. (frontiersin.org)
  • Simultaneously, considering the better long-term effect, LVIS stent-assisted coiling may be a preferable choice for ruptured tiny intracranial aneurysms. (frontiersin.org)
  • Simultaneously, previous studies indicated that the stent-assisted coiling (SAC) technique was associated with a higher complete occlusion rate and lower recurrence rate at follow-up compared with coiling alone (CA) in ruptured intracranial aneurysms ( 7 , 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • However, studies on aneurysm occlusion, recurrence, and procedural complication rates of SAC treatment for ruptured tiny intracranial aneurysms were limited and heterogeneous ( 9 , 10 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • In the 1970s Fedor Serbinenko developed a technique for closing intracranial aneurysms with balloons that were released into the internal carotid artery by occluding the lumen. (wikipedia.org)
  • New techniques: Sole stenting and flow diversion stents From the early 2000s, intracranial stents were used to prevent the coils inside the aneurysmal sac from protruding into the parent artery. (wikipedia.org)
  • METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of patients with wide-necked intracranial bifurcation aneurysms treated with stent plus balloon-assisted coiling. (neurosurgery-blog.com)
  • 20 ] Balloon remodeling has provided an alternative to intracranial stents especially since it can be used without antiplatelet therapy. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • To evaluate the stability of aneurysm occlusion at follow-up angiography after endovascular treatment (EVT) with detachable coils in intracranial berry aneurysms. (rsna.org)
  • CT angiography showed occlusion of the left vertebral artery at the level of the foramen transversum of Atlas, both vertebral arteries were similar in diameter, and the left intracranial vertebral artery and left posterior inferior cerebellar artery were depicted through the right vertebral artery [ Figure 1d ]. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • Objectives The aim of this study was to compare complications and outcomes between intracranial aneurysms treated with the Pipeline embolisation device (PED) alone or with PED combined with coiling for different-sized aneurysms. (bmj.com)
  • Flow diversion treatment using a FRED for unruptured intracranial VADAs proved feasible and safe, yielding satisfactory occlusion rates. (neurointervention.org)
  • The immediate postprocedural digital subtraction angiography revealed complete aneurysm occlusion in 86.9% of the cases. (neurosurgery-blog.com)
  • The efficacy of endosaccular aneurysm occlusion in alleviating neurological deficits produced by mass effect. (rsna.org)
  • Complications and aneurysm occlusion rates in the aneurysm size groups were compared between PED alone and PED combined with coiling patients. (bmj.com)
  • For small aneurysms, there was no difference in the aneurysm occlusion rate between two groups (79.1% vs 88.4%, respectively), while there was a significant increase in the ischaemic complication rate (8.3% vs 19.3%, respectively, p=0.0001). (bmj.com)
  • Diagnostic angiography Cerebral angiography was developed by Portuguese neurologist Egas Moniz at the University of Lisbon, in order to identify central nervous system diseases such as tumors or arteriovenous malformations. (wikipedia.org)
  • He performed the first brain angiography in Lisbon in 1927 by injecting an iodinated contrast medium into the internal carotid artery and using the X-rays discovered 30 years earlier by Roentgen in order to visualize the cerebral vessels. (wikipedia.org)
  • A 52-year-old woman with nonspecific symptoms was diagnosed with multiple cerebral aneurysms and abnormal blood vessels observed on magnetic resonance angiography. (nagoya-u.ac.jp)
  • Maximum intensity projection from a 3D time-of-flight MRA (right) demonstrates occlusion of the distal middle cerebral artery (MCA) trunk (red circle). (medscape.com)
  • 1 , 3 , 11 ] Embolic cerebral infarction after cervical spine repair surgery can lead to vertebrobasilar artery occlusion and associated serious complications. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • We describe here a case of parent artery occlusion for cerebral infarction after spontaneous recanalization in traumatic vertebral artery occlusion that did not require cervical spine repair surgery. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • Endovascular coiling is one of the recent methods for treating cerebral aneurysm and this method is considered to be an alternative method for treating aneurysms. (the-jcen.org)
  • Angiography was not done because patient did not wanted evaluation of cerebral infarction. (the-jcen.org)
  • The patient had a right hemiparesis and speech disturbance and was diagnosed with a left middle cerebral artery occlusion. (neuronewsinternational.com)
  • The diagnosis of internal carotid cavernous fistula is mainly determined by neuroimaging examination, such as head CT scan, neck MRI and cerebral angiography. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • At the same time, the contralateral internal carotid artery angiography can also understand the integrity of the Willis ring and estimate the compensation of the cerebral artery, which is helpful to judge whether the blood flow of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery can be interrupted. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • Robotic Diagnostic Cerebral Angiography: A Multicenter Experience of 113 Patients. (ucla.edu)
  • A left proximal PICA fusiform dissecting aneurysm with a lacerated PICA orifice was found on cerebral angiography with 3D reconstruction ( Fig. 1B-D ). The shape of this fusiform aneurysm was triangular and irregular, and the size of the aneurysm was 3.95 mm (anterior/posterior diameter) × 3.12 mm (height) × 4.75 mm (length) with a shallow PICA orifice (1.3 mm). (koreamed.org)
  • PED for aneurysms incorporated the fetal PCA and V-B junction might meet a high propensity for incomplete occlusion during short term follow up. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Aneurysm with ipsilateral AVM is not suitable for PED treatment due to the risk of hemorrhage and incomplete occlusion during midterm follow up. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Complete occlusion of the aneurysm sac and neck was achieved in 148 aneurysms, subtotal occlusion in 18, and incomplete occlusion in three. (rsna.org)
  • Moreover, incomplete occlusion to preserve the PcomA can lead to recanalization because PcomA aneurysms are one of the representative aneurysm locations with a high likelihood of recanalization [ 3 ]. (neurointervention.org)
  • The aneurysm was treated by a combination of a Tubridge flow diverter and coils, and balloon angioplasty, after flow diverter devices deployment for parent vessel stenosis. (bmj.com)
  • The first treatments: balloon occlusion The first to carry out a true endovascular procedure was Charles Dotter, the father of angioplasty and considered by many as the father of all interventional radiology, as well as the first doctor to have performed endovascular treatment. (wikipedia.org)
  • Intraarterial papaverine or endovascular balloon angioplasty may be used to treat vasospasm in select patients. (medscape.com)
  • A-5: Digital subtraction angiogram obtained during balloon angioplasty of a stenotic artery. (medscape.com)
  • Patients who are judged to have a lesion that prevents complete inflation of an angioplasty balloon or proper placement of the stent or stent delivery system. (cardiovascular.abbott)
  • Rescue therapies include intra-arterial balloon angioplasty and repetitive and finally continuous intra-arterial nimodipine infusion. (thejns.org)
  • The angiographic follow-up outcomes showed that the SAC group had a higher complete occlusion rate and lower recurrence rate (88.2 vs. 67.1%, 5.4 vs. 15.2%, P = 0.001). (frontiersin.org)
  • We report a rare case of recurrence of a large intracavernous aneurysm after angiography proved complete occlusion. (bmj.com)
  • A very small recurrence may be observed at the level of the neck of the aneurysm at long-term follow-up angiography despite achieving total occlusion initially with detachable coils. (rsna.org)
  • The follow-up angiography was performed in 55 of 61 patients (90.1%) (the mean follow-up period was 25.5 ± 27.3 mo). (neurosurgery-blog.com)
  • Follow-up angiography at least 3 months later was performed in 169 cases. (rsna.org)
  • Of the 169 cases, last follow-up angiography showed total occlusion in 133 cases, subtotal in 30, and incomplete in six. (rsna.org)
  • We concluded that precise, cautious procedures are needed when performing complicated stent assisted endovascular coiling to prevent thromboembolic complications. (the-jcen.org)
  • So, we report a case of complications after the endovascular coiling treatment with stent. (the-jcen.org)
  • Many access-related complications can occur, and some are life and limb threatening, such as retroperitoneal hemorrhage or arterial occlusion. (thoracickey.com)
  • Unruptured Aneurysms: Diagnosis, Management and Treatment: Imaging paradigms of brain aneurysms, current thoughts on how to follow aneurysms which are being observed, different treatment options for unruptured aneurysms, including clipping, coiling, stent assisted coiling, flow diverter stent, flow disruptors, including the medical management of stent placement 4. (intechopen.com)
  • Microsurgery was performed in seven patients, which entailed proximal occlusion with distal revascularization in two and microsurgical clipping in five. (yonsei.ac.kr)
  • They were treated with distal revascularization followed by occlusion with coils of the aneurysm-incorporated PICA. (yonsei.ac.kr)
  • Coils are used less often in this clinical scenario and when positioned proximally may allow continued bleeding by distal collateral branches. (interventionalnews.com)
  • In-stent thrombotic occlusion is a serious ischemic complication that can also result in ischemia in the distal perfusion territory and the territory of side branches for the artery in which the flow diverter (FD) stent is deployed. (thejns.org)
  • Another case of "distal" balloon mounted stent placement - this is 2023 btw. (neuroangio.org)
  • Multiple treatment options described for giant aneurysm in the literature include direct clipping, excision of aneurysm, gradual ICA ligation, parent vessel occlusion with or without revascularization, trapping of aneurysm with or without revascularization, flow diverter, and coil occlusion of aneurysm. (ruralneuropractice.com)
  • Risk factors of unexplained early neurological deterioration after treatment for ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion: a post hoc analysis of the HERMES study. (ucla.edu)
  • Stent-assisted coiling may increase the incidence of hemorrhagic events with favorable angiographic results and comparable clinical outcomes compared with stand-alone coiling. (frontiersin.org)
  • Six month angiographic follow-up demonstrated complete occlusion. (bmj.com)
  • 3 aneurysms located at V-B junction, angiographic follow up on 3 months demonstrated no complete occlusion of both the aneurysms, the other patients were still on follow up. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Seven of 21 patients (33%) with angiographic follow-up required further treatment of the coiled aneurysm. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • but this technique was inaccurate and dangerous because the coils were released with little control with great risk of occluding the vessel from which the aneurysm originated (parent vessel). (wikipedia.org)
  • Recently, stent assisted endovascular coiling provides more secure protection of the parent vessel. (the-jcen.org)
  • Subsequent angiography confirmed occlusion at the hepatic arterial anastomosis. (medscape.com)
  • For causes other than atony this author prefers to perform CTA en-route to the angiography suite as this will demonstrate the site of extravasation, vascular abnormalities such as pseudoaneurysm (which may be difficult to identify by subtraction angiography particularly in the presence of arterial spasm), and provide a route map to the site of bleeding. (interventionalnews.com)
  • Approximately 80-87% of strokes are from ischemic infarction due to thrombotic or embolic cerebrovascular occlusion. (medscape.com)
  • For subgroup analysis, LVIS stents were associated with a significantly higher rate of complete occlusion ( P = 0.014) and a lower rate of intraprocedural rupture ( p = 0.021). (frontiersin.org)
  • Neither stents nor balloons helpfully prevented aneurysmal regrowth. (nih.gov)
  • After the placement of Neuroform stents (Boston Scientific /Target Therapeutics, Inc., Natick, MA), the aneurysm was embolized with GDC coil (Fig. 1-F). (the-jcen.org)
  • Explore Abbott's Portfolio of Self-Expanding and Balloon-Expanding Stents. (cardiovascular.abbott)
  • Ruptured Aneurysms: Diagnosis, Management and Treatment: Imaging paradigms of ruptured aneurysms, management options for co-morbidities associated with aneurysm rupture, treatment options including coiling, clipping, flow diverter stents, flow disruptors 5. (intechopen.com)
  • The primary end point for treatment efficacy was complete and near-complete occlusion according to the O'Kelly-Marotta grading scale at follow-up after 1, 6, and 12 months. (ajnr.org)
  • Acute ischemic strokes are the result of vascular occlusion secondary to thromboembolic disease. (medscape.com)
  • MR Angiography in Assessment of Collaterals in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Comparative Analysis with Digital Subtraction Angiography. (ucla.edu)
  • In seven patients with ICA BBAs who presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage, a total number of 12 endovascular treatments were performed, including seven endosaccular coil embolizations (four conventional, two stent-assisted and one balloon-assisted procedure) in four patients and five endovascular ICA trapping procedures in five patients. (nih.gov)
  • A Fisher grade IV subarachnoid hemorrhage due to a proximal PICA aneurysm rupture with hydrocephalus was revealed at initial brain computed tomography (CT) angiography ( Fig. 1A ). (koreamed.org)
  • Magnetic resonance angiogram of the recipient celiac axis depicts complete occlusion of the hepatic artery. (medscape.com)
  • Since the complete occlusion rates achieved with the currently available treatment methods are unsatisfactory, we aimed to study the effectiveness of a double-balloon-assisted technique for these aneurysms. (neurointervention.org)
  • Angiography revealed a complete re-opening of the occluded vessel. (neuronewsinternational.com)
  • Complete occlusion immediately after EVT was achieved for 270 (84.4%) of 320 aneurysms. (e-jnc.org)
  • Complete occlusion rates were 78.3% at 6-month follow-up magnetic resonance angiography and 91.3% at 12-month. (neurointervention.org)
  • The first treatment was performed in 1970 in Moscow, with the occlusion of an internal carotid to treat a carotid-cavernous fistula. (wikipedia.org)
  • Stent plus balloon-assisted coiling is a recently described endovascular technique that enables the coiling of wide-necked complex bifurcation aneurysms by implanting only a single stent. (neurosurgery-blog.com)
  • CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that stent plus balloon-assisted coiling is a feasible, effective, and relatively safe endovascular technique for the treatment of widenecked bifurcation aneurysms located in the posterior and anterior circulation. (neurosurgery-blog.com)
  • Stent plus balloon-assisted coiling is a recently described endovascular technique that enables the coiling of wide-necked complex bifur cation aneurysms by implanting only a single stent. (neurosurgery-blog.com)
  • Adjunctive coiling was performed in 3 patients. (bmj.com)
  • Studies support the view that adjunctive coiling may have a protective effect against post-PED CCF formation. (bmj.com)
  • Conclusion Use of the PED with adjunctive coils can significantly improve the occlusion rate of medium aneurysms, without increasing the total complication rate. (bmj.com)
  • Endovascular treatment of posterior circulation aneurysms by electrothrombosis using electrically detachable coils. (rsna.org)
  • The Guglielmi Detachable Coil was a revolutionary innovation for endovascular treatment and I found this to be true in my career as well. (neuronewsinternational.com)
  • Interventional therapy mainly includes occlusion of fistula with detachable balloon, coil, Onyx glue, Willis covered stent or internal carotid artery. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • In 1974, Serbinenko initiated the detachable balloon to treat TCCF [2]. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • The Supera™ Peripheral Stent System is indicated to improve luminal diameter in the treatment of patients with symptomatic de novo or restenotic native lesions or occlusions of the superficial femoral artery (SFA) and / or proximal popliteal artery with reference vessel diameters of 4.0 to 7.5 mm, and lesion lengths up to 140 mm. (cardiovascular.abbott)
  • 4 11 ] However, there is a concern that balloon remodeling is not always the ideal choice of treatment for all wide necked aneurysms. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • As is well known, a wide-necked aneurysm is not completely treated with endovascular coiling. (the-jcen.org)
  • Herein, we describe a double-balloon-assisted coiling technique for wide-necked PcomA aneurysms with fetal-type PCA. (neurointervention.org)
  • A balloon occlusion test (BOT) was performed in all patients prior to ICA trapping. (nih.gov)
  • Exercise testing without interruption of medication for refining the selection of mildly symptomatic patients for prognostic coronary angiography. (bmj.com)
  • In all patients, the fetal-type PCAs were preserved without a stent and with adequate occlusion status. (neurointervention.org)
  • This operation has the advantages of simple operation, low cost and no space occupying effect, but it should be noted that for patients with small fistula and less blood theft, it is difficult for balloon to enter the fistula. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • Patients are admitted for observation for 2-3 days, and post-procedure CT is typically performed to confirm occlusion of the varices/shunts. (uclahealth.org)
  • Post-operative coil migration is a rare but serious complication following endovascular treatment of traumatic CCF. (neurosurgery-blog.com)
  • Successful treatment by balloon venoplasty and stent insertion of obstruction of the superior vena cava by an endocardial pacemaker lead. (bmj.com)
  • This double-balloon technique can be effective in the treatment of these aneurysms. (neurointervention.org)
  • Several types of endovascular treatment have been reported for these aneurysms, including the double-microcatheter technique, single balloon-assisted technique (advancing a balloon microcatheter into the ICA or PcomA), and single or Y-configuration stent-assisted technique [ 1 , 4 ]. (neurointervention.org)
  • This coil was the first device for safe and reliable aneurysm treatment, and it has been used for over 20 years. (neuronewsinternational.com)
  • I am sure that the present belief in endovascular treatment and new devices owe much to this coil and related technology. (neuronewsinternational.com)
  • I was amazed by what interventional neuroradiology could achieve when I saw a patient recover dramatically from symptoms on the angiography suit table during my first stroke treatment. (neuronewsinternational.com)
  • The use of coils in the treatment of TCCF is also a common treatment, but when coil packing is used alone to a relatively dense degree, the micro catheter is often ejected from the fistula, which can easily lead to partial fistula being difficult to be completely occluded. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • Transcatheter coil embolisation of a pulmonary arteriovenous malformation in a neonate. (bmj.com)
  • The balloons may be inflated immediately after delivery and embolisation may be performed through these if necessary allowing the possibility of conserving the uterus or reducing haemorrhage to improve the surgical field for safer hysterectomy. (interventionalnews.com)
  • The concept of using balloons to treat cerebrovascular lesions was inspired by a 1959 May Day celebration in Moscow's Red Square. (wikipedia.org)
  • Selective external carotid artery angiography can show that the branches of the internal carotid artery are anastomosed with the middle meningeal artery, the accessory meningeal artery and the ascending pharyngeal artery at the bottom of the cavernous sinus to form the external carotid artery. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • A catheter is maneuvered into the enlarged collateral vein(s) draining the portal venous system, and the collateral veins (varices or shunts) are blocked using coils, gelfoam, or other agents. (uclahealth.org)
  • Coils replace balloon occlusion Between the end of the 1980s and the beginning of the '90s, INR was suddenly revolutionized after the work of two Italian physicians: Cesare Gianturco and Guido Guglielmi. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ultrasonography (US), CT, MRI, cholangiography, angiography and scintigraphy are the most common radiological modalities used to evaluate the hepatic graft. (medscape.com)
  • Mean follow-up duration based on final imaging (MR angiography or digital subtraction angiography) was 14.1±12.2 months. (bmj.com)
  • Digital subtraction angiography revealed four aneurysms and anastomoses between the left AMA and inferolateral trunk (ILT). (nagoya-u.ac.jp)
  • Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) confirmed the presence of supergiant aneurysm ( Fig. 1A C ) Further, balloon occlusion test (BOT) of left ICA was suggestive of moderate cross flow from right ICA across anterior communicating (Acomm) artery. (ruralneuropractice.com)
  • Catheter-based digital subtraction angiography is the gold standard imaging technique due to its superior spatial and temporal resolution. (radiopaedia.org)
  • In IR clinic every 6 months to confirm continued occlusion and adequate control of symptoms. (uclahealth.org)
  • Dual-stent-assisted coiling techniques have been defined to treat bifurcation aneurysms with a complex neck morphology. (neurosurgery-blog.com)
  • The indication for this technique is that the neck of the aneurysm should significantly and broadly incorporate both the internal carotid artery and fetal-type PCA, such that a single-balloon remodeling and single stent would be inadequate to protect both the arteries. (neurointervention.org)
  • Our inclusion criterion for double-balloon-assisted coiling was as follows: the neck of the aneurysm should significantly and broadly incorporate the ICA and fetal-type PCA, such that a single-balloon remodeling and single stent would be inadequate to protect both arteries. (neurointervention.org)
  • A randomised comparison of the Omniflex and Magnarail systems in recanalisation of coronary occlusions. (bmj.com)
  • In a Flash CT scan however, less than 1 mSV radiation is used in coronary CT angiography. (anadolumedicalcenter.com)
  • Conclusive and reliable diagnosis: In the past, coronary CT (Computed Tomography) angiography was not able to distinguish bones clearly, but now, with Flash CT, it is possible to differentiate all bones, and view and assess vessels only. (anadolumedicalcenter.com)