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ChromatidsSister Chromatid ExchangeChromosomal Proteins, Non-HistoneChromosome SegregationCell Cycle ProteinsCentromereSeparaseMitosisMeiosisAnaphaseNuclear ProteinsMetaphaseChromosome PairingCrossing Over, GeneticChromosomesChromosomes, FungalSaccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsKinetochoresSpindle ApparatusAcetyltransferasesSecurinSaccharomyces cerevisiaeS PhaseFungal ProteinsDNA ReplicationDe Lange SyndromeMeiotic Prophase IChromosome AberrationsReplication Protein CDNA RepairRecombination, GeneticNondisjunction, GeneticSchizosaccharomyces pombe ProteinsMutationProphaseSynaptonemal ComplexDNA DamageChondroitin Sulfate ProteoglycansEctromeliaSchizosaccharomycesCell CycleDNA Breaks, Double-StrandedPhosphoproteinsChromatinChromosomes, HumanEndopeptidasesG2 PhaseAurora KinasesAneuploidySpermatocytesHeLa CellsMutagensPrometaphaseDNA-Binding ProteinsInterphaseAurora Kinase BMultiprotein ComplexesChromosomal InstabilityUbiquitin-Protein Ligase ComplexesIn Situ Hybridization, FluorescenceAnaphase-Promoting Complex-CyclosomeTankyrasesProtein-Serine-Threonine KinasesGenomic InstabilityLymphocytesMad2 ProteinsFamily RelationsDNA Topoisomerases, Type IIChromosome BreakageDNA, CatenatedMutagenicity TestsRad51 RecombinaseDNA, FungalAcetylationBloom SyndromeTelomereMolecular Sequence DataDrosophila ProteinsDNASaccharomycetalesAzure StainsAdenosine TriphosphatasesCentrosomeProtein BindingDrosophilaNocodazoleModels, BiologicalCyclin BHeterochromatinModels, GeneticAmino Acid SequenceMicrotubulesMicroscopy, FluorescenceCentriolesOocytesDNA HelicasesRecQ HelicasesRNA InterferenceGenes, FungalMitomycin

Involved in sister chromatid cohesionRequired for sister chromatid cohesionRole in sister chromatid cohesionMediates sister chromatid cohesionEstablishes sister chromatid cohesionChromatinLicensing to sister chromatidFunctions in sister chromatidSegregation of sister chromatidsReplicationProteinsEstablishmentSMC3ChromosomalMetaphaseSister chromatids togetherGenome StabilityProtects centromericMitotic chromosomeCentromeresChromosomesSeparationRegulationAccurate chromosome segregationEstablish cohesionChromosome cohesionSpindleTelomereRecombinationSororinComplexWaplPds5PhosphorylationMitosis and meiosisCentromereDefectsHomologsDissociationCell

Involved in sister chromatid cohesion5

• MMS21 encodes a SUMO E3 ligase and an essential component of the Smc5/6 complex, involved in sister chromatid cohesion, chromosome segregation, and DNA repair. (stanford.edu)
• This complex is involved in sister chromatid cohesion, a process that keeps the newly replicated chromosomes together from the time of their synthesis in S phase until they separate during mitosis. (vumc.com)
• We have generated functionally corrected immortal skin fibroblasts from a RBS patient and showed that ESCO2 is not only involved in sister chromatid cohesion, but also in protection against DNA damaging agents that interfere with DNA replication. (vumc.com)
• We are investigating the role of DDX11 and ESCO2 in sister chromatid cohesion and try to relate this function and that of other proteins involved in sister chromatid cohesion to aneuploidy and cancer. (vumc.com)
• Whole-genome and whole-exome sequencing of bladder cancer identifies frequent alterations in genes involved in sister chromatid cohesion and segregation. (cdc.gov)

Required for sister chromatid cohesion1

• A positively charged channel within the Smc1/Smc3 hinge required for sister chromatid cohesion. (ox.ac.uk)

Role in sister chromatid cohesion2

• Technological advancements have discovered myriad functions of cohesin beyond its role in sister chromatid cohesion (SCC), such as transcription regulation, DNA repair, chromosome condensation, homolog pairing, monoorientation of sister kinetochore, etc. (nih.gov)
• Plays a role in sister chromatid cohesion and normal progression through prometaphase (PubMed:16802858, PubMed:16682347). (nih.gov)

Mediates sister chromatid cohesion1

• The centromeric DNA is normally in a heterochromatin state, which is essential for the recruitment of the cohesin complex that mediates sister chromatid cohesion after DNA replication as well as coordinating sister chromatid separation during anaphase. (wikidoc.org)

Establishes sister chromatid cohesion2

• Cohesin, a trimeric complex that establishes sister chromatid cohesion, has additional roles in chromatin organization and transcription. (nih.gov)
• Cohesin establishes sister-chromatid cohesion, organizes chromatin into functional domains, regulates transcription and DNA repair. (nih.gov)

Chromatin6

• Establishment of sister chromatid cohesion is the process by which chromatin-associated cohesin protein becomes competent to physically bind together the sister chromatids. (wikipedia.org)
• Establishment of cohesion refers to the process by which chromatin-associated cohesin becomes cohesion-competent. (wikipedia.org)
• Chromatin association of cohesin is not sufficient for cohesion. (wikipedia.org)
• Though cohesin can associate with chromatin earlier in the cell cycle, cohesion is established during S phase. (wikipedia.org)
• Sororin also has chromatin binding activity independent of its ability to mediate cohesion. (wikipedia.org)
• 2012). ESCO1 and ESCO2 differ in their N-termini, which are necessary for chromatin binding, and may perform distinct functions in sister chromatid cohesion (Hou and Zou 2005), as suggested by the study of Esco2 knockout mice (Whelan et al. (reactome.org)

Licensing to sister chromatid1

• Gillespie, P. J. & Hirano, T. Scc2 couples replication licensing to sister chromatid cohesion in Xenopus egg extracts. (nature.com)

Functions in sister chromatid1

• A centromere functions in sister chromatid adhesion, kinetochore formation, and pairing of homologous chromosomes . (wikidoc.org)

Segregation of sister chromatids2

• Cohesion is required for proper segregation of sister chromatids during mitosis. (fredhutch.org)
• Genetic studies have revealed that genes of this pathway, whose fundamental role is in chromosomal cohesion and coordinated segregation of sister chromatids, are also involved in gene regulation during development. (medscape.com)

Replication8

• Tying establishment to DNA replication allows the cell to institute cohesion as soon as the sister chromatids are formed. (wikipedia.org)
• This solves the problem of how the cell might properly identify and pair sister chromatids by ensuring that the sister chromatids are never separate once replication has occurred. (wikipedia.org)
• Our finding that neutralization reduces acetylation of Smc3, which normally occurs during replication and is essential for cohesion, suggests that the positively charged channel is involved in a major conformational change during S phase. (ox.ac.uk)
• A key question is whether cohesion is generated by conversion of cohesin complexes associated with un-replicated DNAs ahead of replication forks into cohesive structures behind them, or from nucleoplasmic cohesin that is loaded de novo onto nascent DNAs associated with forks, a process that would be dependent on cohesin's Scc2 subunit. (elifesciences.org)
• Cohesion produced by cohesin conversion requires Tof1/Csm3, Ctf4 and Chl1 but not Scc2 while that created by Scc2-dependent de novo loading at replication forks requires the Ctf18-RFC complex. (elifesciences.org)
• The association of specific replisome proteins with different types of cohesion establishment opens the way to a mechanistic understanding of an aspect of DNA replication unique to eukaryotic cells. (elifesciences.org)
• During DNA replication, proteins necessary for chromosome cohesion and recombination are deposited more or less uniformly along chromosomes. (fredhutch.org)
• In this disease the cohesion between the sister chromatids generated after DNA replication is disturbed due to a mutation in the putative acetyltransferase ESCO2, as discovered by our group in 2005. (vumc.com)

Proteins1

• Cohesion proteins SMC1ß, SMC3, REC8 and STAG3 appear to participate in the cohesion of sister chromatids throughout the meiotic process in human oocytes. (wikipedia.org)

Establishment13

• The Eco1/Ctf7 gene (yeast) was one of the first genes to be identified as specifically required for the establishment of cohesion. (wikipedia.org)
• Though Eco1 contains several functional domains, it is the acetyltransferase activity of the protein which is crucial for establishment of cohesion. (wikipedia.org)
• The Pds5 gene was also identified in yeast as necessary for the establishment of cohesion. (wikipedia.org)
• Pds5 is not strictly establishment-specific, as Pds5 is necessary for maintenance of cohesion during G2 and M phase. (wikipedia.org)
• One model of establishment of cohesion suggests that establishment is mediated by the replacement of Wapl in the Wapl-Pds5-cohesin complex with the Sororin protein. (wikipedia.org)
• Hopefully this list of Establishment of sister chromatid cohesion Open Access journals will make it easier for you to decide where to publish your Establishment of sister chromatid cohesion manuscript. (oa.mg)
• Our list includes all the high-impact factor Establishment of sister chromatid cohesion journals that may be relevant to your field of study. (oa.mg)
• Instead of displaying the most commonly known Establishment of sister chromatid cohesion journals, we have made an exhaustive list of open accesss Establishment of sister chromatid cohesion journals. (oa.mg)
• Where can I publish my Establishment of sister chromatid cohesion paper? (oa.mg)
• Pds5B is required for cohesion establishment and Aurora B accumulation at centromeres. (nih.gov)
• While there are similarities in the way bacteria and eukaryotes replicate their genomes, the establishment of sister chromatid cohesion during S phase and its destruction during anaphase are aspects of chromosome biology unique to eukaryotic cells. (elifesciences.org)
• 2008), an important step in the establishment of sister-chromatid cohesion during the S-phase of the cell cycle. (reactome.org)
• I study the mechanisms of sister chromatid cohesion establishment. (alecostalab.net)

SMC32

• Cohesion is thought to occur through the entrapment of DNA within the tripartite ring (Smc1, Smc3 and Rad21) with enforcement from a fourth subunit (SA1/SA2). (nih.gov)
• Mutations in 5 genes, SCC2/NIPBL, SMC1A or SMC3, RAD21, and HDAC8, coding protein components of the cohesion pathway, cause approximately 65% of Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CDLS) cases. (medscape.com)

Chromosomal7

• 14. Sister chromatid cohesion defects are associated with chromosomal copy number heterogeneity in high hyperdiploid childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. (nih.gov)
• By examining the roles of individual protein components of chromosome cohesion and recombination complexes, Smith and Nambiar discovered a dual role for the Swi6 protein, which localizes to the pericentric regions but not to chromosomal arms, that neatly provides the solution to the long-standing question. (fredhutch.org)
• These results suggest that at telomeres cohesion relies on the molecular interplay between TRF1 and SA1 to promote DNA-DNA pairing, while along chromosomal arms the core cohesin assembly might also depend on SA1 1D diffusion on DNA and sequence-specific DNA binding. (nih.gov)
• Cohesin complexes dissociate from chromosomal arms in prometaphase, leading to sister chromatid resolution. (reactome.org)
• Sister chromatid resolution involves separation of sister chromosomal arms while cohesion at sister centromeres persists (Losada et al. (reactome.org)
• A centromere is the region where sister chromatids join in the double chromosomal structure during mitosis , prophase and metaphase . (wikidoc.org)
• HASPIN may act through H3T3ph to both position and modulate activation of AURKB and other components of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) at centromeres to ensure proper chromatid cohesion, metaphase alignment, and normal progression through the cell cycle. (antibodiesinc.com)

Metaphase2

• Recently a cohesin complex has been identified, required for establishing and maintaining mitotic cohesion up to the metaphase to anaphase transition. (pbkom.eu)
• At this centromeric constriction the two mostly identical halves of the chromosome, the sister chromatids , are held together until late metaphase. (wikidoc.org)

Sister chromatids together2

• Cohesin, a multi-protein complex conserved from yeast to human, plays a crucial role in this process by keeping the sister chromatids together from S-phase to anaphase onset during mitosis and meiosis. (nih.gov)
• The RAD21 protein is part of a protein group called the cohesin complex that holds the sister chromatids together. (medlineplus.gov)

Genome Stability1

• 10. Sister chromatid cohesion and genome stability in vertebrate cells. (nih.gov)

Protects centromeric2

• 13. Human Bub1 protects centromeric sister-chromatid cohesion through Shugoshin during mitosis. (nih.gov)
• Our data suggest that PP2A protects centromeric cohesion by opposing CK1delta/epsilon- and DDK-dependent phosphorylation of Rec8. (nih.gov)

Mitotic chromosome2

• Sister chromatid cohesion essential for mitotic chromosome segregation is thought to involve the co-entrapment of sister DNAs within cohesin rings. (elifesciences.org)
• 4. Regulation of mitotic chromosome cohesion by Haspin and Aurora B. (nih.gov)

Centromeres1

• This creates dyad chromosomes containing a pair of chromatids joined solely by cohesin at centromeres that had resisted cleavage. (nih.gov)

Chromosomes4

• In general, cohesion is established during S phase as DNA is replicated, and is lost when chromosomes segregate during mitosis and meiosis. (wikipedia.org)
• Although cohesin can load onto chromosomes throughout the cell cycle, it only builds cohesion during S phase. (elifesciences.org)
• Hopkins J, Hwang G, Jacob J, Sapp N, Bedigian R, Oka K, Overbeek P, Murray S and Jordan P . (2014) Meiosis-specific cohesin component, Stag3 is essential for mediating recombination and synapsis between homologous chromosomes and maintaining sister chromatid cohesion. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
• To think about the problem of congression, it is important to consider what the end point of this process looks like: all sister chromatids (duplicated chromosomes) are positioned halfway between the two spindle poles, with sister kinetochores bound to microtubule bundles, the so-called kinetochore (K)-fibres that emanate from opposite spindle poles. (biologists.com)

Separation1

• 19. Sister-chromatid separation at anaphase onset is promoted by cleavage of the cohesin subunit Scc1. (nih.gov)

Regulation5

• In addition to interacting with cohesin, Pds5 also interacts with Wapl (wings apart-like), another protein that has been implicated in the regulation of sister chromatid cohesion. (wikipedia.org)
• Link to all annotated objects annotated to positive regulation of sister chromatid cohesion. (planteome.org)
• Link to all direct and indirect annotations to positive regulation of sister chromatid cohesion. (planteome.org)
• These form a ring structure that is proposed to encircle sister chromatids to mediate sister chromatid cohesion 8 and also has key roles in gene regulation 9 . (nature.com)
• 20. Roles and regulation of the Drosophila centromere cohesion protein MEI-S332 family. (nih.gov)

Accurate chromosome segregation2

• Sister chromatid cohesion is essential for accurate chromosome segregation in the cell cycle. (pbkom.eu)
• Swi6 recruits Rec8-Psc3 to pericentromeres ensuring proper chromosome cohesion, a prerequisite for accurate chromosome segregation, while at the same time preventing Rec11 from localizing there. (fredhutch.org)

Establish cohesion2

• Eco1 must be present in S phase to establish cohesion, but its continued presence is not required to maintain cohesion. (wikipedia.org)
• The notion that most cohesin associated with un-replicated DNA is engaged in extruding loops raises an important conundrum, namely what alteration in its enzymatic activity is required to establish cohesion between nascent sister DNAs during S phase. (elifesciences.org)

Chromosome cohesion1

• 5. Frameshift mutations of chromosome cohesion-related genes SGOL1 and PDS5B in gastric and colorectal cancers with high microsatellite instability. (nih.gov)

Spindle3

• 17. Absence of the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint Restores Mitotic Fidelity upon Loss of Sister Chromatid Cohesion. (nih.gov)
• These forces are largely dependent on kinetochores - multiprotein complexes that assemble on each sister chromatid and form both end-on and lateral attachments to spindle microtubules. (biologists.com)
• Kinetochores and the spindle apparatus are responsible for the movement of the two sister chromatids to opposite poles of dividing cell nucleus during anaphase. (wikidoc.org)

Telomere2

• Surprisingly, cohesin rings do not play a major role in sister telomere cohesion. (nih.gov)
• Neither the DNA binding property of SA1 nor this unique telomere cohesion mechanism is understood. (nih.gov)

Recombination2

• While both complexes are critical for cohesion, they play distinctly different roles in recombination. (fredhutch.org)
• The cohesin complex regulates sister chromatid cohesion, HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION and DNA looping. (nih.gov)

Sororin1

• At entry to mitosis, Sororin is phosphorylated and replaced again by Wapl, leading to loss of cohesion. (wikipedia.org)

Complex1

• This new complex is the established, cohesion-competent cohesin state. (wikipedia.org)

Wapl1

• Wapl has been tied to the loss of cohesin from the chromatids during M phase. (wikipedia.org)

Pds51

• WAPAL controls cohesion of sister chromatids likely through competing with CDCA5 for binding to cohesin-associated PDS5 (PDS5A and PDS5B) (Nishiyama et al. (reactome.org)

Phosphorylation1

• 16. Dissociation of cohesin from chromosome arms and loss of arm cohesion during early mitosis depends on phosphorylation of SA2. (nih.gov)

Mitosis and meiosis1

• Cell cycle.mitosis and meiosis.sister chromatid. (ntu.edu.sg)

Centromere1

• 9. Cohesin is dispensable for centromere cohesion in human cells. (nih.gov)

Defects1

• 15. Sister chromatid cohesion defects are associated with chromosome instability in Hodgkin lymphoma cells. (nih.gov)

Homologs1

• Endonucleolytic degradation of DNA at the meiotic DSBs creates regions of 3' single-stranded DNA that are used to search for homologous sequences in intact sister chromatids or homologs. (fredhutch.org)

Dissociation1

• 8. The cohesin-interacting protein, precocious dissociation of sisters 5A/sister chromatid cohesion protein 112, is up-regulated in human astrocytic tumors. (nih.gov)

Cell4

• Sister chromatid cohesion refers to the process by which sister chromatids are paired and held together during certain phases of the cell cycle. (wikipedia.org)
• Some studies have suggested that cohesion aids in aligning the kinetochores during mitosis by forcing the kinetochores to face opposite cell poles. (wikipedia.org)
• The copied DNA from each chromosome is arranged into two identical structures, called sister chromatids, which are attached to one another during the early stages of cell division. (medlineplus.gov)
• The cell cycle process in which the sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome are joined along the entire length of the chromosome. (umassmed.edu)