CodeineHeroin DependenceMorphine DerivativesMorphineMethadoneNarcoticsHeroinMorphine DependenceAnalgesics, OpioidBuprenorphineReceptors, Opioid, muBehavior, AddictiveNuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2NaloxoneDrug ToleranceSubstance-Related DisordersAntitussive AgentsOpioid-Related DisordersSubstance Withdrawal SyndromeNarcotic AntagonistsSubstance Abuse DetectionCryptochromesHydrocodoneCocaineOpiumLinkage DisequilibriumHydromorphoneNalorphineAnalgesiaSelf AdministrationPain MeasurementNaltrexoneGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGene FrequencyGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryStreet DrugsDose-Response Relationship, DrugAnalgesicsGenetic TestingOxycodonePainRewardPain, PostoperativeReceptors, OpioidInjections, SpinalPapaverHaplotypesNucleus AccumbensBehavior, AnimalSubstance Abuse Treatment CentersRats, Sprague-DawleyPolymorphism, Single NucleotideGenotypeOxymorphoneConditioning, OperantTobacco Use DisorderMorphinansTramadolReceptors, Opioid, deltaDopamineDopamine Uptake InhibitorsCompulsive BehaviorDrug-Seeking BehaviorEnkephalinsEthylmorphineReinforcement (Psychology)MeperidineEnkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-DealkylationDrug InteractionsBrainAlcoholismOpiate Substitution TreatmentAnalgesia, Patient-ControlledDrug OverdoseDextromethorphanDextropropoxypheneNicotineTime FactorsReceptors, Opioid, kappaFentanylCytochrome P-450 CYP2D6MethamphetamineDebrisoquinVentral Tegmental AreaOpiate AlkaloidsPeriaqueductal GrayLimbic SystemMotivationConditioning (Psychology)Central Nervous System StimulantsLevallorphanMotor ActivityPentazocineImpulsive BehaviorAnalgesics, Non-NarcoticAmphetamine-Related DisordersDouble-Blind MethodExtinction, PsychologicalDrug and Narcotic Control