Clone destroy research embryo creation. Medical search. Frequent questions

If research cloning is not stopped now, we face the prospect of the mass farming of human embryos and fetuses, and the transformation of the noble enterprise of biomedical research into a grotesque system of exploitation and death. (thenewatlantis.com)

Other policy options, such as supposed compromises that would prohibit "reproductive cloning" but permit "therapeutic cloning" by prohibiting not the act of creating a cloned embryo but the act of transferring a cloned embryo to a woman's uterus, would inherently mandate the wide-scale destruction of human embryos. (thenewatlantis.com)
It is used in both therapeutic and reproductive cloning. (wikipedia.org)
Stem cells can then be obtained by the destruction of this clone embryo for use in therapeutic cloning or in the case of reproductive cloning the clone embryo is implanted into a host mother for further development and brought to term. (wikipedia.org)
In therapeutic cloning on the other hand, genetic material from a body cell is inserted into an egg cell, replacing the nucleus. (boloji.com)
However, the Senate bill does allow for therapeutic cloning, known as 'nuclear transplantation', for research on therapies that could cure several serious and life-threatening diseases. (boloji.com)
The Society for Women's Health Research, a non-profit group, agrees that therapeutic cloning should be allowed. (boloji.com)
The potential of therapeutic cloning for treating, and perhaps curing, a variety of debilitating diseases demands that the scientific community be allowed to continue this promising work. (boloji.com)
While supporting research that would help to determine whether stem cells have therapeutic effects, they point out that those adult stem cells, umbilical cord stem cells, and embryonic stem cells not derived from embryos created for research can be used. (boloji.com)
Otherwise, such a treaty would not recognize the inherent human nature of the early human embryo or fetus until after birth , and thus cloning them and using them for research - both "therapeutic" and "reproductive" -- would not be banned, and women undergoing "infertility treatments" could surely be put in danger. (lifeissues.net)
The statement also disputes the practice of using embryonic stem cells in the practice of "therapeutic cloning. (umnews.org)
Some opponents of Mr. Brownback's bill favor alternative legislation that would ban the implantation of a cloned human embryo into a uterus but would allow "therapeutic" cloning by which the human cloning procedure is used to extract stem cells for medical research. (nprcouncil.org)
Therapeutic cloning supporters have combined their efforts behind a bill that allows the procedure, which they say could hold the key to curing a host of ailments and diseases, and is backed Sen. Orrin G. Hatch, Utah Republican. (nprcouncil.org)
The Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice pointed out that the United Church of Christ, the Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America and the Rabbinical Council all support therapeutic cloning. (nprcouncil.org)
Human cloning via SCNT was redefined from "therapeutic cloning" in the advocates' lexicon to merely "stem-cell research. (lifelegaldefensefoundation.org)
In that debate, it was helpful to draw a clear distinction between reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning. (oxplore.org)
Therapeutic cloning is utilising cloning for the understanding and treatment of human disease. (oxplore.org)
Importantly, therapeutic cloning research continued and ultimately contributed to the development of a new technology -induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS) technology-that holds out immense promise as a way of developing stem cell treatments that are 'customised' to an individual patient and can be created without the destruction of human embryos. (oxplore.org)
experimentation on embryos which is not directly therapeutic is illicit. (archdiocese-no.org)
From the ethical point of view, so-called therapeutic cloning is even more serious. (archdiocese-no.org)
Therapeutic Cloning - Use of a donor cell to create pluripotent stem cells suitable for growing tissues for implantation into the donor or other patient. (schlich.co.uk)
Israeli policy is based on the belief that such a pre-embyro does not confer personhood and that many therapeutic applications can be derived from such research. (jcpa.org)
On the topic of cloning we should set an example by outlawing it in all its forms, cloned babies and so called 'therapeutic cloning' (which is a misnomer as at this stage no therapeutic benefit will result from the cloned embryo). (cmq.org.uk)
Mr Blair says the European biotech industry will be worth $100 billion by 2005 and the day after the British Parliament gave the green light for therapeutic cloning the leading commercial player was rewarded with a substantial jump in share value. (cmq.org.uk)

While Rep. DeGette's Stem Cell Research Advancement Act (H.R. 4808) would authorize taxpayer dollars for research involving the killing of human embryos, it goes much further. (ecamrl.org)

She is the world's first cloned pet dog - created at a cost of more than £12million. (mirror.co.uk)
The birth of the world's first cloned human was condemned by British scientists today as another example of the "sordid depths" to which maverick physicians will sink. (globalchange.com)
Last year Advanced Cell Technology (ACT) in the US announced they had successfully made the world's first cloned embryos using human eggs. (globalchange.com)
The world's first human clone of an adult has now been made, by an American biotechnology company in Massachusetts, Advanced Cell Technology. (globalchange.com)
I n January 2003, President Bush announced plans for the U.S. to rejoin an international research consortium that aims to build the world's first nuclear fusion reactor. (thenewatlantis.com)
M any of the world's leading scientific journals have adopted a voluntary policy that acknowledges the danger of publishing research that might be of value to terrorists. (thenewatlantis.com)
Perhaps the most famous genetically modified animal is "Dolly" the sheep , the world's first cloned sheep who came into being in 1996 before dying of lung disease a mere six years later. (naturalnews.com)
If embryos did not perish the world's population would soon be five times its present level. (ox.ac.uk)

In genetics and developmental biology, somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a laboratory strategy for creating a viable embryo from a body cell and an egg cell. (wikipedia.org)
Controversy surrounds human ESC work due to the destruction of viable human embryos, leading scientists to seek alternative methods of obtaining pluripotent stem cells, SCNT is one such method. (wikipedia.org)
Another application of SCNT stem cell research is using the patient specific stem cell lines to generate tissues or even organs for transplant into the specific patient. (wikipedia.org)
Only a handful of the labs in the world are currently using SCNT techniques in human stem cell research. (wikipedia.org)
Because SCNT creates a new embryo, under Dickey-Wicker it cannot be funded by the NIH. (ecamrl.org)
In this section, the term "human cloning" means the implantation of the product [the cloned embryo] of transferring the nuclear material of a human somatic cell into an egg cell from which the nuclear material has been removed or rendered inert [SCNT] into a uterus or the functional equivalent of a uterus. (ecamrl.org)
Again, Saunders is referring to SCNT as "THE" cloning procedure, when there are many other ways to clone a human being as well, and he is scientifically mis-defining the product of SCNT (i.e., the cloned human embryo). (lifeissues.net)
Little noted in all of the caterwauling, was that ESCR and human-cloning research (SCNT) have been funded bounteously-to the tune of nearly $2 billion. (lifelegaldefensefoundation.org)
Not only has the National Institutes of Health put more than $150 million in recent years into human ESCR (about $40 annually), but according to a recent report put out by the Rockefeller Institute, to date about $1.7 billion has poured into ESCR and SCNT from philanthropic sources-and this doesn't include the hundreds of millions granted annually by the states for cloning and ESCR experiments. (lifelegaldefensefoundation.org)
Amendment 2 in Missouri-which established a constitutional right in Missouri to conduct human cloning research-was expected to cruise to an easy victory, proving that even in the Bible Belt, people wanted scientists to pursue ESCR/SCNT. (lifelegaldefensefoundation.org)

This kind of cloning is today being performed at several scientific labs in the United States, despite the availability of alternative techniques that produce cells of nearly the same scientific and medical value but that require neither the creation nor destruction of human embryos. (thenewatlantis.com)
this approach has been championed as an answer to the many issues concerning embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and the destruction of viable embryos for medical use, though questions remain on how homologous the two cell types truly are. (wikipedia.org)
This raises ethical concerns for people who believe that the destruction of a fertilized embryo is morally wrong. (healthline.com)
Embryonic stem cell research ( ESCR ) is highly controversial, primarily because extraction of such cells results in the destruction of days-old human embryos. (ecamrl.org)
Research advocates attack President Bush for "banning stem cell research," while pro-life advocates lament a Republican administration and Congress that have banned nothing-not embryo destruction, not human cloning, not fetal farming, not genetic engineering. (eppc.org)
That is to say, we risk turning developed cells into developing embryos, and thus risk engaging in the very activities of embryo destruction and human cloning that we seek to avoid. (eppc.org)
Since 1995, Congress has annually reauthorized a law-called the "Dickey Amendment"-prohibiting federal funding for research "in which" embryos are destroyed while leaving embryo destruction in the private sector entirely unregulated. (eppc.org)
Before leaving office, President Clinton sought to get around the existing law without actually changing it, by funding research on embryonic stem cells so long as the actual embryo destruction was paid for with private dollars. (eppc.org)
The destruction and use of a human embryo should not be allow to happen. (ipl.org)
The destruction of the pre-embryo has been the critical issue in the U.S. behind imposing limits on federal government-sponsored research in embryonic stem cells. (jcpa.org)
Many politicians, religious leaders, and bioethicists believe that any destruction of the pre-implanted embryo or fertilized egg is akin to murder. (jcpa.org)

The bill also applies Federal ethical regulations on human subject research and outlaws the transfer of cloned embryos to a woman's uterus or to any artificial womb. (boloji.com)

The report offers an ethical and policy analysis, articulating what makes cloning morally repugnant and calling for the practice to be definitively prohibited in the United States. (thenewatlantis.com)
The now uncertain future course on stem cell research helps to make a clear case for taking a sensible step: prioritizing funding for research that is ethical and has demonstrated success. (ecamrl.org)
The holy grail of regenerative medicine-whatever one's ethical beliefs about destroying embryos-is to "reprogram" regular cells from one's own body so that individuals can be the source of their own rejection-proof therapies. (eppc.org)
His position on embryo research provides a principled and ethical framework for scientific research to advance and flourish. (cbc-network.org)
This president recognizes the need for ethical research to advance but for human life-even very early human life, to be treated with respect and dignity. (cbc-network.org)
The arrival of these clones caused a huge ethical and scientific row. (mirror.co.uk)
New discoveries pave the way for ethical stem-cell research, thanks to the president's policies. (lifelegaldefensefoundation.org)
These animals are important in terms of their significance to science and the ethical issues that their creation raises. (wikiquote.org)
Human cloning is intrinsically illicit in that, by taking the ethical negativity of techniques of artificial fertilization to their extreme, it seeks to give rise to a new human being without a connection to the act of reciprocal self-giving between the spouses and, more radically, without any link to sexuality. (archdiocese-no.org)
Stem cells are at the forefront of medical research and incite some of the most controversial ethical and religious debates worldwide. (thefutureofthings.com)
While there is broad agreement about the biological classification of the embryo as a living, individual member of the human species, some are attempting to revise scientific terminology for political reasons-to obfuscate or conceal the moral and ethical questions at hand. (sanjosearticles.com)

Spare, leftover, frozen embryos are not what they are after ultimately. (cbc-network.org)
In Arizona, statutes that protect persons, such as the wrongful death statute, will not be interpreted by the courts to grant personhood status to frozen embryos. (asu.edu)
The legislature may grant such protection in the statute if it chooses to do so by explicitly defining the word person to include frozen embryos. (asu.edu)

Opponents believe that an embryo is a living human being. (healthline.com)
People who believe that an embryo should not be destroyed tend to say that embryonic stem cell research should not be conducted. (ipl.org)

One was from a court standing behind its decision two weeks earlier that sent the pro-life community cheering by halting taxpayer dollars to unethical embryonic stem cell research. (ecamrl.org)
H.R. 810 would pave the way for more federal funding dollars for human embryonic stem cell research. (cbc-network.org)
The Bush administration has relaxed the Dickey climate and last year, under the President's policies some $40 million federal dollars funded human embryonic stem cell research. (cbc-network.org)
Throughout his presidency, the Science Intelligentsia has castigated President Bush for placing limits on the federal funding of embryonic-stem-cell research (ESCR). (lifelegaldefensefoundation.org)
Then, just a few weeks ago, New Jersey voters shocked the science and political worlds by rejecting a $450 million bond measure that, like California's Proposition 71, would have funded human cloning and embryonic-stem-cell research. (lifelegaldefensefoundation.org)
In fact to get a embryonic stem cell a human embryo has to be disassembled. (ipl.org)
In recent years, several competing viewpoints have emerged about embryonic stem cell research. (ipl.org)
All of this debate raises an important question, Should embryonic stem cell research be conducted for treatment of present and future diseases? (ipl.org)
On the other hand, people who believe that embryonic stem cell research creates means of curing diseases reply that the research should be conducted. (ipl.org)
Embryonic stem cell research "uses special cells found in three-to-five day old human embryos to seek cures for a host of chronic disease" (PRC). (ipl.org)
While regarded by many top scientists as the Holy Grail of medicine, others consider embryonic stem-cell research sacrilegious. (thefutureofthings.com)
Stem cell technologies have been dogged by controversy because of objections over the morality of sacrificing human embryos to produce the first human embryonic stem cell lines. (schlich.co.uk)
In 2009, in a major reversal of U.S. policy, President Obama signed an executive order pledging to "vigorously support" embryonic stem cell research. (jcpa.org)
Unfortunately, certain scientists and scientific organizations have followed such a course in the past, by arguing, for example, that the term "embryo" should not be used to describe the individual human being who is used and destroyed in embryonic stem cell (and other forms of embryo) research. (sanjosearticles.com)
In effect, it shuts down embryonic stem cell research by the back door. (ox.ac.uk)

The change of term constituted a clever ruse that bundled and confused in people's minds, the morally acceptable advances being made in adult stem-cell research, the morally dubious human cloning project, and the use of "spare" embryos for research that were "going to be discarded anyway. (lifelegaldefensefoundation.org)

When the world learned in 1997 of Dolly the sheep, the first clone produced from an adult mammal, a broad public discussion about the ethics of human cloning ensued, largely focused on the nature, meaning, and future of human procreation. (thenewatlantis.com)
In 1996, Dolly the sheep became famous for being the first successful case of the reproductive cloning of a mammal. (wikipedia.org)
Although many species produce clonal offspring in this fashion, Dolly, the lamb born in 1996 at a research institute in Scotland, was the first asexually produced mammalian clone. (who.int)
Somatic-cell nuclear transfer, the technique by which Dolly was created, was first used 40 years ago in research with tadpoles and frogs. (who.int)
Let's wind back the clock: these scientists had already carried out successful human nuclear transfer into an unfertilised egg before Dolly the sheep clone had been made. (globalchange.com)
But even they omitted to tell us anything until Dolly was seven months old, well over a year after the cloning technique was successfully carried out and a good two to three years perhaps after they began their secretive work. (globalchange.com)
This is essentially a variation on a process that was used some years ago to create a cloned sheep named Dolly. (intlstemcell.com)
I am talking about human stem cells derived from a process called, "Parthenogenesis", developed and first announced in 2007 by a company called International Stem Cell Corporation, whose discoveries were first published in the peer reviewed journal, Cloning and Stem Cells, edited by the scientist who first created "Dolly", the first cloned animal. (intlstemcell.com)
The Government has now used a legal loophole to allow cloning, relying on the 'defective' legal definition in that the technique (as in 'Dolly') used an unfertilised ovum. (cmq.org.uk)

Cloning-for-biomedical-research is also profoundly unethical, as it turns human reproduction into a manufacturing process in the most literal sense: human embryos are created to serve as raw materials for the production of biomedical research supplies. (thenewatlantis.com)
There is no way that human cloning could be developed without unethical mass experimentation on women and children,' they said. (boloji.com)
The Patients First Act (H.R. 877) would do exactly as its title suggests: put patients ahead of politics, making the treatment of patients-not the pursuit of what's been dead-end, unethical research. (ecamrl.org)
Perhaps Ramsey would give other extraordinarily powerful arguments as to why human cloning is unethical, but he obviously would not be able to base it on his unscientific "pre-embryo" position. (lifeissues.net)
During one recent meeting, scientists disagreed on such basic issues as whether it would be unethical for a human embryo to begin its development in an animal's womb, and whether a mouse would be better or worse off with a brain made of human neurons. (real-agenda.com)

Here's how: Under the disingenuous title "Prohibition against Funding for Human Cloning," the legislation inaccurately defines "human cloning" as the implantation of a cloned embryo, instead of as the creation of such an embryo. (ecamrl.org)
Thus, if the bills become law, only the implantation of cloned embryos would be barred from being federally funded, rather than actual cloning. (ecamrl.org)
By a 708-171 vote, the assembly further stated, "Neither should we, even for reproductive purposes, produce more embryos than we can expect to introduce into the womb in the hope of implantation. (umnews.org)
If the clone had been allowed to continue beyond implantation it would have developed as Dr Cibelli's identical twin. (globalchange.com)
The term referred to the embryo before its implantation in the womb. (actionlife.org)
Certainly the embryo at this point is "pre-implantation," and certainly implantation is a highly significant event. (actionlife.org)

Some prohibit only cloning for reproductive purposes and allow the creation of cloned human embryos for research, whereas others prohibit the creation of cloned embryos for any purpose. (who.int)
We propose that the parallel distinction should be drawn, and emphasised, in discussions of GE: we should distinguish between the gene editing of embryos for research purposes, and for reproductive purposes. (oxplore.org)
While there is widespread agreement that GE should not be used for reproductive purposes, its use in research should be encouraged. (oxplore.org)

Thus, the clone would be genetically identical to the nucleus donor only if the egg came from the same donor or from her maternal line. (who.int)
Beyond this scientific interest, the commercial concern in animal cloning focuses on replicating large numbers of genetically identical animals, especially those derived from a progenitor that has been modified genetically. (who.int)
Lou, 53, is the forefather of cloning yet, after two decades and 20 other genetically engineered pooches, he has turned his back on the industry, sickened over the suffering it causes thousands of dogs each year. (mirror.co.uk)
In biology , cloning is the process of producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals that occurs in nature when organisms such as bacteria , insects or plants reproduce asexually . (wikiquote.org)
Developments in biotechnology have raised new concerns about animal welfare, as farm animals now have their genomes modified (genetically engineered) or copied (cloned) to propagate certain traits useful to agribusiness, such as meat yield or feed conversion. (wikiquote.org)
In 15 years of research I have not been able to get a significant grasp on what genetically engineering humans, fish, soy, corn, milk and other products could mean for humankind. (real-agenda.com)
Reproductive Cloning - Use of a donor cell to create a new human genetically identical to the donor. (schlich.co.uk)

No viable embryo is ever harmed or destroyed. (intlstemcell.com)

This form of genetic engineering would deny the children it produces an open future, burdening them with the expectation that they will be like the individuals from whom they were cloned. (thenewatlantis.com)
And cloning could make possible still more dramatic forms of genetic engineering. (thenewatlantis.com)
Most natural cloning occurs in those species that produce their descendants asexually, that is, without combining the male and female genetic material. (who.int)
However, an animal created through this technique would not be a precise genetic copy of the source of its nuclear DNA because each clone derives a small amount of its DNA from the mitochondria of the egg (which lie outside the nucleus) rather than from the donor of cell nucleus. (who.int)
The embryo now exists as a genetic unity" (Ronan O'Rahilly and Faiola Muller). (actionlife.org)
Similarly, a clone would be a genetic duplicate of another human being, but there is no denying that it would also be a separate individual. (actionlife.org)
I thought then, that the most appealing way to start off was to simply provide the headlines of some of the articles and documents I found during my research process, so that the readers had an immediate notion of what genetic engineering really means and how it affects them directly now and how it will affect them in the future. (real-agenda.com)
My question regarding genetic engineering deregulation was then: What would happen if scientists who are provided with unlimited money and resources have no legal liability to realize their experiments cloning humans and literally engineering new species? (real-agenda.com)
If you cannot or do not want to get into the heavy research, I am about to give you a detailed report on the state of genetic engineering, human-animal cloning and gene splicing. (real-agenda.com)
If cloning were to be done for reproduction, this would impose on the resulting individual a predetermined genetic identity, subjecting him - as has been stated - to a form of biological slavery, from which it would be difficult to free himself. (archdiocese-no.org)
The embryo exists when the gametes no longer exist, their genetic material having contributed to the formation of the new individual generated by their union. (sanjosearticles.com)
These biobanks are important for conducting research that integrates genetic and environmental factors. (technavio.com)

Cloning-for-biomedical-research also endangers the health and safety of the women called on to undergo dangerous hormone treatments to serve as egg donors. (thenewatlantis.com)
The Society is concerned that a ban on nuclear transplantation might thwart research directed at finding cures and treatments for diseases and disabilities which solely, predominantly or differently affect women,' says their president, Phyllis Greenberger. (boloji.com)
Since then, there has been a flurry of announcements about developments in stem cell research and hints of promising treatments for diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and cancer. (cbc.ca)
The agency funds stem cell research at institutions and companies throughout California (as well as institutions and companies outside of the state that conduct a portion of their research in California) with the goal of accelerating treatments to patients with unmet medical needs. (ca.gov)
In 2020, California voters approved to continue funding California's Stem Cell Agency through the passage of Proposition 14: The California Stem Cell Research, Treatments, and Cures Initiative of 2020 . (ca.gov)
The vast majority of our funds go to advance research and the development of new treatments. (ca.gov)
This could lead to non-GE treatments that reduce embryo loss in pregnancy and improve fertility. (oxplore.org)
Claims that you could clone individual treatments of human beings to treat common diseases like diabetes, suggests you need a huge supply of human eggs. (wikiquote.org)
While many people say the use of the cell research is a way to advance medical knowledge and expand treatments, there is no guarantee that the treatments will work. (ipl.org)
Research institutions are exploring in-depth ways to develop personalized treatments using biological samples. (technavio.com)
Biobank equipment plays an important role in maintaining sample quality and integrity for precision medicine research and personalized treatments. (technavio.com)

Bush's veto maintains an important fire wall between women and couples who use in vitro fertilization technologies to make embryos to make babies and the researcher who has a vested interest in these couples donating their spare or leftover embryos for research. (cbc-network.org)
His purpose he said was to freeze clones to be used later for spare parts. (globalchange.com)

However, following the successful derivation of human embryonic stem cells in 1998, the debate over human cloning largely shifted to the question of whether it is acceptable for scientists to create human embryos only to destroy them. (thenewatlantis.com)
But cloning research continued, and American scientists announced in 2013 that they had for the first time successfully obtained stem cells from cloned human embryos. (thenewatlantis.com)
In January 2018, a team of scientists in Shanghai announced the successful cloning of two female crab-eating macaques (named Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua) from foetal nuclei. (wikipedia.org)
In the United States, scientists at the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, the University of California San Francisco, the Oregon Health & Science University, Stemagen (La Jolla, CA) and possibly Advanced Cell Technology are currently researching a technique to use somatic cell nuclear transfer to produce embryonic stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
But they are also less equipped to produce every cell type of the body and less able to reproduce themselves indefinitely, which makes them less appealing to scientists interested in basic research. (eppc.org)
In July 2005, for example, scientists announced that they had engineered adult mouse stem cells into usable mouse eggs, a technique that might one day allow for the creation of human eggs from ordinary human cells. (eppc.org)
There's a global race by maverick scientists to produce clones, motivated by fame, money and warped and twisted beliefs," he said. (globalchange.com)
Note: Chinese scientists announced end January 2003 that they had cloned 80 human embryos of which 4 developed far enough to be implanted, before being destroyed. (globalchange.com)
By promoting and encouraging the growth of the stem cell biotechnology sector, the agency is also helping attract the best scientists to the state and establishing California as a global leader in stem cell research. (ca.gov)
When CIRM started in 2004, little research space existed where scientists could work with all types of stem cells, particularly embryonic stem cells, and that contained the equipment needed to work with the cells and - most importantly - develop new therapies. (ca.gov)
Stem cell scientists were also spread thinly across many research campuses, limiting interactions and slowing the spread of ideas. (ca.gov)
Scientists and public interest groups in the USA called for an international ban on any similar research. (oxplore.org)
Far from being man's first attempts at creation, the red-eyed mutant jewel wasps are just the latest project from mad scientists. (naturalnews.com)

Development will ensue normally and after many mitotic divisions, the single cell forms a blastocyst (an early stage embryo with about 100 cells) with an identical genome to the original organism (i.e. a clone). (wikipedia.org)
This is cloning, a process in which the body cell that donated the replacement nucleus supplies the chromosomes of the new human organism. (actionlife.org)
Whether the new organism is produced by fertilization or by cloning, each new human organism is a distinct entity. (actionlife.org)
Of how they managed to inject the components into wasp eggs, Akbari has said: "You have to use a very-very fine needle and a microscope and individually inject hundred to thousands of embryos, but in the end, we developed a protocol that can be used to cut the DNA in this organism and we showed that it works. (naturalnews.com)
Stem cell research is, in part, a quest to understand cellular differentiation, the process by which a human being develops from one fertilized cell into a multicellular organism composed of over 200 different cell types - for example muscle, nerve, blood cell, or kidney. (jcpa.org)
Conception" (fertilization) is the union of an oocyte and sperm cell (specifically, the fusion of the membranes of an oocyte and spermatozoon upon contact) giving rise to a new and distinct living human organism, the embryo. (sanjosearticles.com)
In addition, any process that results in the creation of a new living human organism should be understood as a form of "conception" for purposes of these articles. (sanjosearticles.com)
For example, in rare instances at an early point in embryonic development, some cells become disaggregated from the embryo and through a process of internal restitution and regulation, resolve themselves into a separate new living human organism-a monozygotic (identical) twin of the original embryo. (sanjosearticles.com)

Stem cells from embryos may provide the holy grail of medicine. (ox.ac.uk)

Further, cloning advocates are seeking to appropriate the language of reproductive rights and freedom of choice to support their case. (boloji.com)
Finally, the article advocates for the creation of a new private right of action such that enforcement does not depend on the executive, who may be loath to penalize his or her subordinates. (texaslawreview.org)
Advocates of stem cell research believe that the cells are not equivalent to human life because it is inside the womb even facing the fact that the start of a human life is in the moment of conception. (ipl.org)

Their 'Human Cloning Prohibition Act of 2002' would prohibit human reproductive cloning by imposing significant criminal and civil penalties in the form of fines (at least $1 million) and up to ten years in prison. (boloji.com)

Many people feared that allowing research on cloning techniques would lead to the creation of cloned babies. (oxplore.org)
Often aborted babies are harvested for Stem Cell Research. (archdiocese-no.org)

To 'manufacture' human life for the purpose of intentionally destroying it through experimentation is always and everywhere wrong," said the Rev. Keith A. Fournier, president of Common Good and a member of the Catholic Clergy. (nprcouncil.org)
No objective, even though noble in itself, such as a foreseeable advantage to science, to other human beings or to society, can in any way justify experimentation on living human embryos or foetuses, whether viable or not, either inside or outside the mother's womb. (archdiocese-no.org)

Over the past few years, the debate over stem cells and cloning has grown both more complex and more profound. (eppc.org)
The cloning debate is expected to reach the Senate floor this month. (nprcouncil.org)
This debate is in many ways similar to the debate around cloning. (oxplore.org)
In the ongoing debate about cloning human embryos for research, and about destroying them in order to harvest their stem cells, it is important to keep some basic facts in mind. (actionlife.org)
There is much debate about cloning these days and stem cell research. (creation.com)

A blastocyst (cloned or not), because it lacks any trace of a nervous system, has no capacity for suffering or conscious experience in any form - the special properties that, in our view, spell the difference between biological tissue and a human life worthy of respect and rights. (wikiquote.org)
During the first week, the embryo becomes a solid mass of cells and then acquires a cavity, at which time it is known as a blastocyst. (sanjosearticles.com)

The term "clone", from the Greek word for twig, denotes a group of identical entities. (who.int)
In sexual reproduction, clones are created when a fertilized egg splits to produce identical (monozygous) twins with identical genomes. (who.int)
To the naked eye, the cloned dogs look identical but, on close examination, markings vary. (mirror.co.uk)
The House has passed an identical anti-cloning bill, and President Bush has called on the Senate to quickly pass the Brownback bill. (nprcouncil.org)

They believe that the rejected embryos are not foetuses and that it's appropriate to use available resources to supply a husband and wife with the gift of children. (coursesolver.com)
Stem cells from cord blood or adult tissues do not give rise to the same moral considerations as those derived from embryos or cloned embryos or aborted foetuses. (cmq.org.uk)

Somatic cell nuclear transfer is a technique for cloning in which the nucleus of a somatic cell is transferred to the cytoplasm of an enucleated egg. (wikipedia.org)
Somatic cell nuclear transplantation has become a focus of study in stem cell research. (wikipedia.org)
More than 100 nuclear transfer procedures could be required to produce one viable clone. (wikiquote.org)
There are also scientific techniques (including but not limited to somatic cell nuclear transfer, otherwise known as cloning) that bring into being a distinct new human individual at the embryonic stage of development. (sanjosearticles.com)
The creation of an embryo by nuclear transfer is a human being whose right to continued life should be respected. (cmq.org.uk)

2) It will allow the creation of new stem cell lines that can be used in medical research. (oxplore.org)

The early mammalian embryo consists of the extra-embryonic cell layers-the trophoblast and a body of cells called the inner cell mass (ICM), which eventually become the embryo proper. (thefutureofthings.com)

Opponents argue that any embryo has the potential to develop into a mature human. (cbc.ca)

This gives them the ability to create patient specific pluripotent cells, which could then be used in therapies or disease research. (wikipedia.org)
This ability allows stem cells to create any cell type, which could then be transplanted to replace damaged or destroyed cells. (wikipedia.org)
In June 2002, numerous international organizations joined the Collective in issuing a statement on human cloning in which they called on Congress to pass a strong, effective ban on using human cloning to create a human being. (boloji.com)
At the same time, the statement calls for a five-year moratorium on the use of cloning to create human embryos for research purposes. (boloji.com)
In other action, General Conference delegates voted 467-421 to create a task force to "prayerfully research" the many issues surrounding artificial insemination and other reproductive methods. (umnews.org)
Lou said: "It cost £12million in research alone to create Mira. (mirror.co.uk)
Her looks and temperament were almost a 100% match to her DNA mum which led Lou to create four more clones, including MissyToo six months later. (mirror.co.uk)
Up to 80 are used to create one clone. (mirror.co.uk)
This huge and powerful industry is pushing ahead to create large numbers of cloned embryos, despite the fact that the medical benefits may well be overtaken by a much more interesting process, which uses adult stem cells instead. (globalchange.com)
Some of the procedure's proponents argue it does not create a human embryo because sperm is not involved. (nprcouncil.org)
Meanwhile, reproductive cloning has become virtually a non-issue, with few seriously suggesting that we should be striving to create clones of existing people. (oxplore.org)
Cloning in biotechnology refers to processes used to create copies of DNA fragments ( molecular cloning ), cells (cell cloning), or organisms . (wikiquote.org)
These components "can somehow kill the female embryos and create only males," said Akbari in a statement in Science Daily . (naturalnews.com)
To create embryos with the intention of destroying them, even with the intention of helping the sick, is completely incompatible with human dignity, because it makes the existence of a human being at the embryonic stage nothing more than a means to be used and destroyed. (archdiocese-no.org)

Thus, while Ramsey agreed that there is a human being present immediately at fertilization, he did not agree that it was also a human embryo or a human person - the classic "pre-embryo" argument. (lifeissues.net)
Delegates also supported "those persons who wish to enhance medical research by donating their early embryos remaining after in-vitro fertilization procedures have ended. (umnews.org)
The church calls upon the U.S. government to authorize funding for research on embryonic stem cells that were generated for in-vitro fertilization and remain after the fertilization procedures have been concluded, and to establish an oversight body for public and private stem-cell research. (umnews.org)
In a recent landmark judgment, the European Court of Justice rightly rejected such terminological manipulation, holding that "any human ovum after fertilization, any non-fertilized human ovum into which the cell nucleus from a mature human cell has been transplanted, and any non-fertilized human ovum whose division and further development have been stimulated by parthenogenesis constitute a 'human embryo'" [ECJ 18.10.2011, C-34/10, Brustle v Greenpeace]. (sanjosearticles.com)

Dr Dixon, a leading expert on the ethics of human cloning, described today's news as "totally inevitable", with separate US and Chinese teams also claiming that they have created large numbers of human cloned embryos for medical research. (globalchange.com)

In May 2007, Ontario and California announced a $30-million stem cell research deal aimed at finding new therapies for those diseases. (cbc.ca)
Also, researchers already are clamoring for fresh embryos and even better-cloned disease specific embryos for disease specific research and designer therapies. (cbc-network.org)

In May 2002, the Senate countered with its own legislation designed to foster scientific research. (boloji.com)
In response, a group of lawmakers introduced legislation that would authorize federal funding for human cloning. (ecamrl.org)
However the legislation was drafted in terms of the scientific data of the time and had not anticipated that cloning would be undertaken using an unfertilised ovum. (cmq.org.uk)

Not only would cloning-to-produce-children be a dangerous experimental procedure, one that cannot be consented to by its subjects (the children created by it), it is also a profound distortion of the moral meaning of human procreation. (thenewatlantis.com)
The aim of carrying out this procedure is to obtain pluripotent cells from a cloned embryo. (wikipedia.org)
7. "[footnote 16]: The cloning procedure supplies the oocyte with a complete set of chromosomes, all of which are contained in the nucleus which is transferred into the denucleated oocyte. (lifeissues.net)

Today's announcement is totally inevitable and we can expect a number of other births of clones to be announced over the next few weeks. (globalchange.com)
The cloning industry, and today's announcement, was worth tens of millions of pounds, he said. (globalchange.com)
The lesson is this: today's headlines on human cloning tell us history. (globalchange.com)
STEM CELL RESEARCH is a very controversial topic in today's time. (ipl.org)
And patents are necessary to protect and stimulate invention and investment in today's world of medical research. (ox.ac.uk)

It is also our view that there are no sound reasons for treating the early-stage human embryo or cloned human embryo as anything special, or as having moral status greater than human somatic cells in tissue culture. (wikiquote.org)
This ruling is only supported by a narrow, controversial position on the moral status of the human embryo. (ox.ac.uk)

Up to about 100,000 fetuses are aborted each year in Australia, some of which are used for research and the treatment of medical conditions. (ox.ac.uk)

Biologist and bioethicist John Bryant explains the status of the technology of 'cloning' living organisms, and humans. (testoffaith.com)

If reliable hair cloning ever does come about to allow for unlimited donor hair, I could see possibly more people having their existing hair thickened. (baldingblog.com)
It is possible, with informed consent from the IVF patient, to hold back some unfertilized eggs for creation of parthenogenetic stem cells, all at no additional risk to the donor. (intlstemcell.com)

Last year, the Republican-controlled House of Representatives in the US Congress passed a bill banning all human cloning, a measure President Bush supports. (boloji.com)
The European Parliament has voted against all forms of human cloning, and President Bush, President Chirac and Hubert Heupe have joined in condemning the British decision. (cmq.org.uk)

An excess of embryos is produced during in vitro fertilisation to prevent women having extra cycles of egg harvesting that pose risks to their health. (ox.ac.uk)

Embryonic stem cells come from embryos, embryonic germ cells from testes, and adult stem cells can come from bone marrow. (cbc.ca)

Moreover, most early-stage embryos that are produced naturally (that is, through the union of egg and sperm resulting from sexual intercourse) fail to implant and are therefore wasted or destroyed. (wikiquote.org)
Embryos also perish naturally. (ox.ac.uk)

The subsequent discovery of promising alternative techniques for generating stem cells without creating or destroying embryos seemed to show that scientific progress would obviate the demand for cloning. (thenewatlantis.com)
Embryonic stem cells are undifferentiated cells of an embryo. (wikipedia.org)
Embryonic stem cells come from human embryos that are three to five days old. (healthline.com)
However, more research is needed to help understand the potential uses of amniotic fluid stem cells. (healthline.com)
During the process of harvesting embryotic stem cells, the embryo is destroyed. (healthline.com)
Citizens disagree about whether we should destroy human embryos for their stem cells-and if so, which embryos, with whose money, under what regulatory guidelines. (eppc.org)
Far more controversial-and for good reason-are stem cells derived from destroyed human embryos. (eppc.org)
Researchers there are working on technology that induces human skin cells to change into the kind of stem cells that have been created by embryos. (cbc.ca)
Some argue that the possibility of mimicking stem cells without acquiring them from embryos, side-steps that moral dilemma. (cbc.ca)
In a study published in the online journal Nature on March 1, 2009, Canadian researches described a new method for generating stem cells from adult human tissue. (cbc.ca)
This new method of generating stem cells does not require embryos as starting points and could be used to generate cells from many adult tissues, such as a patient's own skin cells,' said principal author Andras Nagy, senior investigator at Mount Sinai's Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute. (cbc.ca)
Some people are very uneasy about creating a human embryo and then dismembering it, however early the stage, to obtain embryonic stem cells from which useful tissues might be grown. (globalchange.com)
Given that we have an efficiency of 1% cloning for livestock species and if only one in a thousand cells are viable then around 100,000 cells would need to be transferred. (wikiquote.org)
A particular field encouraged by the foundation is stem-cell research, with the great hope that it will result in the ability to get cells to differentiate into neurons and support cells to bridge the gap of a spinal cord injury. (thefutureofthings.com)
The predominant bioethical concern arising from this technology is that the blastocyt-stage embryo must be destroyed in the process of isolating and separating the embryonic stem cells from the inner mass region of the pre-embryo. (jcpa.org)
There is a range of different views world-wide on the acceptability of research on embryonic stem cells. (cmq.org.uk)
Some forms of stem cell research such as the use of cells from adults or cord blood, are not controversial. (cmq.org.uk)
The environmental group argued that Brüstle's work was "contrary to public order" because embryos were destroyed to gather the stem cells used. (ox.ac.uk)
The judgment effectively supports the Greenpeace view and imposes a ban on patenting work that uses embryonic stem cells on the grounds that it represents an immoral "industrial" use of human embryos. (ox.ac.uk)
Stem cells from embryos are very special building blocks. (ox.ac.uk)
The problem is that these cells are made by destroying an unwanted embryo. (ox.ac.uk)
Instead of becoming "biowaste" these embryos could be used to produce embryonic stem cells. (ox.ac.uk)
Surely then we can use cells from a embryo which will otherwise be flushed down the sink. (ox.ac.uk)

They don't think the fertilized eggs should be used for research. (healthline.com)
What is not generally known is that the IVF process can often result in the creation of far more unfertilized eggs than will ever be needed for fertility purposes. (intlstemcell.com)

Big Biotech responded to the Bush policy by mounting a powerful public advocacy campaign aimed at both opening the federal spigots, and breaking the back of the moral opposition to ESCR and human cloning research. (lifelegaldefensefoundation.org)
In November 2004, California voters passed Proposition 71, agreeing to borrow $3 billion over ten years to pay private companies, and their business partners in major university research centers, to conduct human cloning research and ESCR. (lifelegaldefensefoundation.org)
But in the last two weeks of the campaign, public support for the measure plummeted in the face of the sheer power of Rush Limbaugh's broadcasting voice in the imbroglio over actor Michael J. Fox's pro ESCR/cloning political ads, and an effective last minute advertising campaign featuring St. Louis Cardinal baseball stars and popular actors which warned voters "don't be bought, don't be fooled. (lifelegaldefensefoundation.org)

September meeting voted to oppose Constitutional Amendment #2, the so-called stem cell research and cures initiative. (visionamerica.us)

Although the latest scientific work related to cloning has been focused on potential medical applications, much of that research is relevant to the creation of cloned children. (thenewatlantis.com)
General Assembly the following year,3 and the World Medical Association's Resolution on Cloning, endorsed in 1997, have confronted the issue but lack binding legal force. (who.int)
In December 1999, the editors of Science, the journal devoted to scientific and medical matters, called stem cell research the 'Breakthrough of the Year. (cbc.ca)
Indeed, the reason why UK parliament gave a green light to proceed with legal creation of cloned embryos was because they had been told by British cloners that it was possible and important to do it for medical research. (globalchange.com)
Mr. Mahoney said senators who vote for the cloning of human embryos for medical research can expect to lose support of pro-life groups. (nprcouncil.org)
Using GE on human embryos would be valuable in medical research for at least three reasons. (oxplore.org)
that the religious beliefs of a minority should be allowed a veto on medical research that benefits society as a whole. (parliament.uk)
While there is a great deal published on the potential medical applications of stem cell research to treat or cure diseases such as diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cancer, and heart disease, much less has been published on the future impact of stem cell research in reproductive medicine. (jcpa.org)
What are the potential medical benefits of stem cell research 9 what is the most likely time scale for realising them? (cmq.org.uk)

In this article R. Alta Charo states that we have a right to use fetal tissue for research and therapy (Fetal Tissue, 1) The article goes into how a lot of people find this to be a moral issue and a matter of the conscience and explains how the antiabortion activist that don't agree with the research are actually benefitting from the fetal tissue. (ipl.org)

Researchers are making great strides with hair cloning, but I have no idea how many years it's going to be before anything reliably safe and effective is commercially available. (baldingblog.com)
Rather than a creation of nature, this new strain was conceived by a team of researchers at the University of California (UC) Riverside . (naturalnews.com)
With the success of their experiment, the researchers hope that their discovery can contribute to controlling insects that spread diseases or destroy crops. (naturalnews.com)

The intention of Parliament in drawing up the 1990 Act was to totally ban cloning which was then foreseen as transferring a nucleus into an enucleated embryo. (cmq.org.uk)

However, Missouri Farm Bureau policy supports adult stem cell research. (visionamerica.us)
Amendment #2 is not needed to continue adult stem cell research. (visionamerica.us)
These moral perils are surely not a reason to oppose adult stem cell research, which deserves vigorous and expanded public support. (eppc.org)

This is a disaster waiting to happen because over 170 nations in the world have yet to outlaw the birth of human clones and many of the others are allowing the creation of human clones so long as they are not put into a woman's womb. (globalchange.com)

As discussed by our Board of Directors, Amendment #2 has important implications in the creation and protection of human life. (visionamerica.us)
What are the implications of human cloning for family life? (testoffaith.com)
John Bryant discusses just one of the implications of human cloning for family life. (testoffaith.com)

While conservative senator Orrin Hatch came out in favor of the Senate bill, one liberal woman senator, Democrat Mary Landrieu of Louisiana, has backed the Brownback ban on cloning. (boloji.com)
Human cloning of any kind cheapens human life," said the Rev. Peter West, who represented Priests for Life at a press conference yesterday on a bill proposed by Sen. Sam Brownback, Kansas Republican. (nprcouncil.org)
They say it would allow the creation of human life cloned human embryos solely to be destroyed in the name of science, and that the Brownback bill is the only moral option. (nprcouncil.org)
Mr. Mahoney, a minister in the Reformed Presbyterian Church, said senators cannot claim to be pro-life and oppose the Brownback bill in favor of the alternative cloning bill, as Mr. Hatch has done. (nprcouncil.org)

When I set out to write this article my first challenge was how to present the information in a concise, yet shocking enough to wake up people who still believe that cloning humans for organ harvesting, splicing animal and human genes and making food out of human DNA or tissue is just science fiction. (real-agenda.com)

We are opposed to the creation and use of human embryos or blastocysts for research purposes in which they are destroyed, discarded or knowingly subjected to risk of injury or death. (visionamerica.us)
for research purposes" and "research in which a human embryo or embryos are destroyed. (ecamrl.org)
But it is perhaps not auspicious to quote him for purposes of the scientific debates on human cloning, because Ramsey agreed with and supported the scientific myth of the "pre-embryo" 47 made famous by Jesuit Richard McCormick and frog embryologist Clifford Grobstein. (lifeissues.net)
The production of embryos for purely research purposes is wrong, the United Methodist Church declared May 6. (umnews.org)
The church opposes the creation of embryos "with the intention of destroying them for research purposes. (umnews.org)
In its decision, the Supreme Court of California ruled that cancer patient John L. Moore did not have personal property rights to samples or fluids that his physicians took from his body for research purposes. (asu.edu)
In Jeter v. Mayo, the Court of Appeals of Arizona in 2005 held that a cryopreserved, three-day-old pre-embryo is not a person for purposes of Arizona's wrongful death statutes, and that the Arizona Legislature was best suited to decide whether to expand the law to include cryopreserved pre-embryos. (asu.edu)

Anatomy1

Chemicals and Drugs1

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment3

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Humanities6

Information Science1

Named Groups2

Geographicals2

Farming of human embryos1

Therapeutic23

Involving the killing of human1

World's8

SCNT10

Destruction11

Woman's uterus1

Ethical11

Frozen embryos3

Believe that an embryo2

Embryonic stem15

Morally1

Dolly9

Unethical5

Implantation6

Reproductive purposes3

Genetically7

Viable embryo1

Genetic12

Treatments11

Spare2

Scientists13

Organism8

Holy grail1

Advocates3

Prohibit1

Babies2

Experimentation2

Debate5

Blastocyst2

Identical4

Foetuses2

Nuclear5

Stem cell lines1

Mammalian1

Opponents1

Create14

Fertilization4

Ethics of human1

Therapies2

Legislation3

Procedure3

Today's5

Moral status2

Fetuses1

Organisms1

Donor2

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Vitro1

Germ1

Naturally2

Cells23

Eggs2

ESCR3

Cures1

Medical9

Fetal1

Researchers3

Nucleus1

Adult stem cell res3

Womb1

Implications3

Brownback4

Humans1

Purposes7