• This discovery formed the basis of a powerful technique used nowadays to study brain activity: blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). (frontiersin.org)
  • In single-voxel fMRS the selection of the volume of interest (VOI) is often done by running a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study prior to fMRS to localize the brain region activated by the task. (wikipedia.org)
  • These results demonstrate that the upregulation of energy metabolism induced by visual stimulation depends on the type of information processing taking place in V1, and that 1H-fMRS provides unique information about local input/output balance that is not measured by BOLD fMRI. (marbilab.it)
  • Fast, low-angle shoot functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), based on the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) effect, was combined with optical recording of intrinsic signals (ORIS) and 2-deoxyglucose labeling in gerbil barrel cortex. (jneurosci.org)
  • The most popular approaches for metabolomics involve gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The tools available for such investigations include the state-of-the-art ultra-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy technologies. (scelse.sg)
  • Currently, the commonly used methods to quantify heavy water concentration include the density method, mass spectrometry, and spectroscopy techniques [ 3 ]. (medsci.org)
  • Dave Watson BSc PhD PGCE is a reader in Pharmaceutical Sciences at the University of Strathclyde up He has specialised in chromatographic methods combined with mass spectrometry which he has applied to a range of problems ranging from drug metabolism and disposition through to metabolomics. (eurekaselect.com)
  • Dr. Grame F. Mason develops experimental models and methods for studies of brain metabolism using 1H and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Mass Spectrometry in conjunction with 13C isotopic labeling in vivo, in cell preparations, and other systems. (yale.edu)
  • He also studies detailed kinetic modeling of isotopomer and isotopologues using data from high-resolution NMR and mass spectrometry. (yale.edu)
  • To round off their research training, most medicinal chemistry and biotransformation/chemical toxicology students will acquire the skill set of handling analytical instrumentation [e.g., high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), mass spectrometry, NMR spectroscopy] to support their research projects (e.g., purification and characterization of their synthetic target compounds, biochemical assays to study xenobiotic metabolism, etc. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the brain (fMRS) uses magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to study brain metabolism during brain activation. (wikipedia.org)
  • I am Director of the Centre for In Vivo Imaging , which represents Newcastle University's in vivo imaging portfolio. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • My interdisciplianry research team is focused on the development of innovative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy methods to characterise the structure, function and physiology of human tissues and organs through non-invasive and repeatable scans. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • our interdisciplinary research team brings together physicists, bioscientists, clinical scientists and clinicians to demonstrate the clinical utilities of these new lung imaging methods, and we work with healthcare and industrial partners to advance our technologies into use in routine clinical practice. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • A variety of imaging modalities, including structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) studies of cerebral metabolism, have shown characteristic changes in the brain of patients with Alzheimer disease in prodromal and even presymptomatic states. (medscape.com)
  • Coronal, T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan in a patient with moderate Alzheimer disease. (medscape.com)
  • Axial, T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan reveals atrophic changes within bilateral temporal lobes with prominence of the sylvian fissures. (medscape.com)
  • Numerous studies are under way to identify specific imaging markers for different types of dementia, including cerebral volumetric measurements, diffusion imaging, spectroscopy, very-high-field MRI scans of senile plaques, and PET scan markers of senile plaques. (medscape.com)
  • This can be done using cognitive screening tests …In vivo studies applying modern brain imaging joined by comprehensive clinical and neuropsychological assessment are scarce. (bleistiftreviews.de)
  • Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a non-invasive, portable, and low-cost imaging modality that can measure brain activity. (bleistiftreviews.de)
  • Functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging studies have shown impaired functional and structural alterations in the brains of patients with chronic migraine. (researchsquare.com)
  • Alonso BD, Lowe AS, Dear JP, Lee KC, Williams SC, Finnerty GT (2008) Sensory inputs from whisking movements modify cortical whisker maps visualized with functional magnetic resonance imaging. (springer.com)
  • ISMRM 2010) High Resolution 31P Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging of the Human Brain at 7T. (ismrm.org)
  • In this project, we will use two unique magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) datasets, alongside MRI-informed computational modeling, to determine whether observed patterns and rates of cortical expansion are sufficient to drive normal and aberrant. (wustl.edu)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging 88 , pp.38-43. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging 91 , pp.52-61. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging 55 (5), pp.1322-1339. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • Abstract Quantitative spinal cord (SC) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) presents many challenges, including a lack of standardized imaging protocols. (marbilab.it)
  • Among these, Raman spectroscopy has attracted increasing attention as a highly sensitive molecular imaging technique for studying complex biological systems, including cells, tissues, and various biological materials [ 4 ]. (medsci.org)
  • Area A will delineate the diagnostic potential of TSPO imaging by means of positron emission tomography (PET) in brain tumors in vivo and will enable the complementary characterization of brain tissue in vitro to delineate the neurobiological characteristics underlying TSPO PET labeling in the human brain. (uni-regensburg.de)
  • So far, it is not known which tumor features are reflected by the different imaging modalities and whether this has an impact on the clinical outcome and prognosis of patients. (uni-regensburg.de)
  • Drug developers sometimes think of imaging as an emerging discipline, full of esoteric technologies of marginal relevance to real-world clinical drug development. (drugtargetreview.com)
  • Figure 1: Six imaging modalities most likely to be encountered in clinical drug development. (drugtargetreview.com)
  • MRI/S: magnetic resonance imaging or in-vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy. (drugtargetreview.com)
  • Although imaging studies create pictures, these are only useful to the drug developer when converted to a number or a score that can be used in significance testing or patient inclusion. (drugtargetreview.com)
  • Specialised imaging contract research organisations, usually spun out from academic or industry labs, have been formed to provide imaging biomarkers in animal and clinical settings in a fully validated and compliant way. (drugtargetreview.com)
  • My personal expertise is in imaging the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Quantification of Fasted State Colonic Liquid Pockets in Healthy Humans. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has additional technical and logistic challenges, such as the necessity for high magnetic fields, problems with motion artefacts, electromagnetic compatibility issues, high costs and lack of portability. (nature.com)
  • Therefore, the validation of complementary or alternative methods for in vivo imaging of intrinsic FC is an important scientific objective. (nature.com)
  • Therefore, it is sometimes referred to as dynamic MRS, event-related MRS or time-resolved MRS. A novel variant of fMRS is functional diffusion-weighted spectroscopy (fDWS) which measures diffusion properties of brain metabolites upon brain activation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Our approach addresses these symptoms from multiple angles, employing multi-sensory therapy to guide your brain in reconstructing these vital blood vessels and neuronal pathways.The relationship between functional brain images and performances in narcoleptic patients and controls is a new field of investigation. (bleistiftreviews.de)
  • A ground-breaking study published in JAMA Network Open offers proof that the functional medicine model is associated with improvements in health-related quality of life. (bleistiftreviews.de)
  • The main goals of fMRS studies are to contribute to the understanding of energy metabolism in the brain, and to test and improve data acquisition and quantification techniques to ensure and enhance validity and reliability of fMRS studies. (wikipedia.org)
  • With this method we detected phosphorylated signals from the energy metabolism in the brain as well as resonances from phosphomono and diester compounds and inorganic phosphate in the human brain within relatively short acquisition times (16 or 25minutes). (ismrm.org)
  • Relating in vitro to in vivo exposures with physiologically based tissue dosimetry and tissue response models. (cdc.gov)
  • Preliminary In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Antidiabetic Activity of Ducrosia anethifolia Boiss. (hindawi.com)
  • He has more than 30 years of experience in NMR spectroscopy, structural biology, metabolomics, and drug discovery. (eurekaselect.com)
  • Her current research is focused on metabolomics and developed metabolic dynamic platform (MDP) that combines NMR spectroscopy with stable isotope assisted labeling for tracing pathways in vivo. (eurekaselect.com)
  • Metabolomics - in analogy to the terms transcriptomics and proteomics - is defined as the study of all metabolites in a cell, tissue or organism for a comprehensive understanding of a biological process [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recent metabolomics studies have improved the understanding of the basic mechanisms underlying cancer pathogenesis, which will - after translation to the clinical setting - help to improve treatment strategies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • fMRS is based on the same principles as in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). However, while conventional MRS records a single spectrum of metabolites from a region of interest, a key interest of fMRS is to detect multiple spectra and study metabolite concentration dynamics during brain function. (wikipedia.org)
  • High field strengths have the advantage of increased SNR as well as improved spectral resolution allowing to detect more metabolites and more detailed metabolite dynamics. (wikipedia.org)
  • In vivo MR spectroscopy provides a unique window to measure the concentration of chemical compounds (metabolites) inside the human body without the need for a chirurgical intervention or puncture. (uu.nl)
  • In addition, the chemical shift separation between resonances is increased, leading to a more reliable discrimination between metabolites in the MR spectrum. (uu.nl)
  • Researchers are investigating alterations in the steady state concentrations of metabolites that reflect amplified changes in genetic control of metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)
  • NMR spectroscopy can be applied to intact tissue samples and even to observe metabolites in vivo [ 7 ], with the technology being referred to as magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the clinic. (biomedcentral.com)
  • SPC's research projects involve the study of phenotypes (the traits that are displayed) by profiling critical biomolecules such as metabolites and lipids. (scelse.sg)
  • Graduate research activities involving mechanistic studies on xenobiotic toxicity invariably expose students to the field of drug metabolism, particularly in cases where xenobiotics are enzymatically bioactivated to electrophilic reactive metabolites that can covalently adduct to proteins and DNA and cause toxicity. (aspetjournals.org)
  • However, few neurotransmitter metabolism studies of these migraine-associated regions have been performed. (researchsquare.com)
  • His work began during his graduate studies at Yale where he used a rat model for the experimental determination of brain glucose transport kinetics, energetics, and neurotransmitter metabolism. (yale.edu)
  • It is done without exposing subjects to ionizing radiation like it is done in positron emission tomography (PET) or single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) studies. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this context, 1 H MRS has allowed the measurements of energy metabolism-related compounds, whose concentrations can vary under different brain activation states. (frontiersin.org)
  • Our projects span the intersection of magnetic resonance physics, bioscience and clinical research, and aim to develop reliable and valuable quantitative measurements for implementation in clinical research and development into robust tools used in clinical practice. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • We use a wide range of conventional MRI scan methods to make quantitative measurements of anatomy, microstructure and tissue physiology, and have expertise in developing multinuclear MR methods for clinical research that can bring novel measurements to the study of disease processes and the effects of therapies. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • The intrinsic signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the MRS measurements increases approximately linear with the static magnetic field strength. (uu.nl)
  • For measurements done in vivo, the main signal observed is from adipose tissue triglycerides because the trunk and limbs are surrounded by varying thicknesses of adipose tissue. (westminster.ac.uk)
  • Field measurements of the dissociation of ammonium nitrate and ammonium chloride aerosols. (cdc.gov)
  • Bioanalytical services providers conduct studies to assess the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of drugs or compounds in biological systems. (axispharm.com)
  • Pharmacodynamic studies assess the effects of drugs or compounds on biological systems. (axispharm.com)
  • Barth DS, Di S, Baumgartner C (1989) Laminar cortical interactions during epileptic spikes studied with principal component analysis and physiological modeling. (springer.com)
  • Furthermore, it will lay the groundwork for future studies aimed at understanding the genesis of cortical folding abnormalities and their relationship to developmental outcomes. (wustl.edu)
  • The introduction of magnetoencephalography has made it possible to study electromagnetic signaling in deeper, paralimbic cortical structures such as the medial prefrontal/anterior cingulate (ACC) and medial parietal/posterior cingulate (PCC) cortices. (researchgate.net)
  • Assessment of brain metabolite correlates of adeno-associated virus-mediated over-expression of human alpha-synuclein in cortical neurons by in vivo (1) H-MR spectroscopy at 9.4 T. (lu.se)
  • Although the adult human brain represents only 2% of the total body weight, it consumes up to 20% of the total glucose metabolism under normal resting physiological conditions (e.g. (frontiersin.org)
  • We present here a theoretical meta-analysis that tests whether the brain's unique compartmentation of glycogen metabolism in the astrocyte and the requirement for neuronal glucose homeostasis lead to the observed stoichiometries. (marbilab.it)
  • We found that blood-brain barrier glucose transport can be limiting during activation and that the energy demand could only be met if glycogenolysis supports neuronal glucose metabolism by replacing the glucose consumed by astrocytes, a mechanism we call Glucose Sparing by Glycogenolysis (GSG). (marbilab.it)
  • Arai T, Mori K, Nakao S, Watanabe K, Kito K, Aoki M, Mori H, Morikawa S, Inubushi T (1991) In vivo oxygen-17 nuclear magnetic resonance for the estimation of cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption. (springer.com)
  • Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 42 (7), pp.1192-1209. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism (42):844-860. (marbilab.it)
  • Namely, the rate of oxidative metabolism in astrocytes is about half of that in neurons, and it can increase as much as the rate of neuronal metabolism in response to sensory stimulation. (frontiersin.org)
  • The in vivo activity was investigated by measuring some oxidative stress markers. (hindawi.com)
  • However, higher MR field strengths, which provide greater signal and spectral resolution, may allow spectroscopy to become more widespread. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Also the specificity of MR spectroscopy is often a limiting factor, as the spectral resolution is not much higher than the difference in chemical dispersion between some resonances. (uu.nl)
  • The data generated by fMRS usually shows spectra of resonances, instead of a brain image, as with MRI. (wikipedia.org)
  • The signals observed in in vivo carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR) spectra are from 'mobile' molecules, i.e. those with relatively unrestricted motion. (westminster.ac.uk)
  • 31P NMR liver spectra in vivo (4.7 T) confirmed increased [PDE]/[ATP] in rats fed fish oil compared to controls, although the difference was only statistically significant at a TR of 1.5 s but not at a TR of 8s. (westminster.ac.uk)
  • 31P NMR spectra of rat liver extracts (8.7 T) suggested that increased concentrations of glycerophosphocoline and possibly glycerophosphoethanolamine were responsible for rising PDE levels in vivo. (westminster.ac.uk)
  • Is MR spectroscopy of the heart ready for humans? (ox.ac.uk)
  • This theses describes several studies and new methods to counter these challenges, and shows how high quality MRS data can be acquired at ultra-high field in humans. (uu.nl)
  • Although these techniques tackle the coupling between neuronal activity and metabolism, they lack chemical specificity and fail in providing information on neuronal and glial metabolic pathways underlying those processes. (frontiersin.org)
  • The 1H nucleus is the most sensitive and is most commonly used to measure metabolite concentrations and concentration dynamics, whereas 13C is best suited for characterizing fluxes and pathways of brain metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
  • These studies provide insights into how drugs interact with target receptors, enzymes, or cellular pathways, and how those interactions lead to therapeutic or adverse effects. (axispharm.com)
  • As such, continued research involving the comparison of itaconate and related molecules holds exciting prospects for the study of cysteine modification and pathways for immunomodulation and the potential for new anti-inflammatory therapeutics. (biomed.news)
  • In this position paper, the members of the Biotransformation, Mechanisms, and Pathways Focus Group (BMPFG) steering committee reflect on the diverse roles and responsibilities of scientists trained in the biotransformation field in pharmaceutical companies and contract research organizations. (aspetjournals.org)
  • However, for many research purposes and especially for clinical practice, the sensitivity and specificity of the MRS measurement is still a limiting factor. (uu.nl)
  • The recent development of ultra-high field magnets for human use offers a platform where both the sensitivity and the specificity of MRS are substantially increased. (uu.nl)
  • Before the increased sensitivity and specificity can be utilized in practice, several technical impediments will have to be overcome when performing MRS in the human body at ultra-high field. (uu.nl)
  • In fMRS, depending on the focus of the study, either single-voxel or multi-voxel spectroscopic technique can be used. (wikipedia.org)
  • This network includes medial pre-frontal and medial parietal/posterior cingulate cortices, where transcranial magnetic stimulation may transiently impair self-awareness. (researchgate.net)
  • Our studies of patients with asthma and COPD have demonstrated the potential and capabilities of our methods, and current studies are testing the ability to make early and accurate detection of tissue rejection processes in lung transplant recipients, and adapt lung cancer radiotherapy planning to minimise side-effects on remaining lung after radiotherapy treatment. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • Bioprocess considerations covering the cell isolation step starting from different tissue sources (i.e., stem/progenitor cells vs. more committed precursors), as well as the need for robust and cost-effective protocols featuring easy scalability envisioning clinical applications, which are approached herein. (mdpi.com)
  • As a new type of probe, the heavy isotope of water has been widely used in the study of cell development, metabolism, tissue homeostasis, aging, and tumor heterogeneity. (medsci.org)
  • For example, the resonances of glutamate and glutamine show significant overlap, and are difficult to detect individually. (uu.nl)
  • The key aspects of biomarker analysis are Biomarker Identification, Biomarker Quantification, Validation and Standardization, Clinical Applications, Regulatory Considerations,Biomarker Panels and Signature Analysis,Technological Advances.To read more about Biomarker Analysis. (axispharm.com)
  • The effect of ω3 fatty acids on the metabolism of the normal liver was studied using 31P NMR spectroscopy. (westminster.ac.uk)
  • Unlike push-pull cannula, microdialysis and in vivo voltammetry, fMRS is a non-invasive method for studying dynamics of biochemistry in an activated brain. (wikipedia.org)
  • Dr. Fariba Assadi-Porter is Senior Scientist and Principal Investigator in the Department of Zoology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison with over 20 years of research in biochemistry, NMR spectroscopy, and metabolism studies. (eurekaselect.com)
  • In our lab we use precisely engineered, two-dimensional and three-dimensional constructs as model systems to study the effects of external internal (cell-generated) forces on cell behavior, matrix biochemistry, and the biomechanics of soft tissues and biomaterials. (wpi.edu)
  • During their training, medicinal chemists are also taught to apply physical and mechanistic organic chemistry concepts (e.g., valence electrons, resonance effects, acidity, nucleophilicity, electrophilicity, etc.) to rationalize the biochemistry of enzyme-catalyzed reactions, and even understand the chemical basis for conversion of a substrate into product. (aspetjournals.org)
  • It is important to understand the mechanisms of action and the pharmacokinetics of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) so that these agents can be used effectively in clinical practice, especially in multidrug regimens (see the image below). (medscape.com)
  • This open-label study of the pharmacokinetics of psilocybin was performed to describe the pharmacokinetics and safety profile of psilocybin in sequential, escalating oral doses of 0.3, 0.45, and 0.6 mg/kg in 12 healthy adults. (researchgate.net)
  • Yet, there remains a strong demand for such specialized skills in the pharmaceutical industry, particularly within drug metabolism/pharmacokinetics (DMPK) departments. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Simultaneously, the results of Raman spectroscopy provide abundant information, which can reflect the biochemical and structural characteristics of the material of interest. (medsci.org)
  • These concerns currently hinder the broad dissemination of FC research in translational and pre-clinical research settings. (nature.com)
  • Finally, the authors stress the importance and continued commitment to training the next generation of biotransformation scientists who are not only experienced in the metabolism of conventional small molecule therapeutics, but are also equipped to tackle emerging challenges associated with new drug discovery modalities including peptides, protein degraders, and antibodies. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Like in vivo MRS, fMRS can probe different nuclei, such as hydrogen (1H) and carbon (13C). (wikipedia.org)
  • Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involves the excitation of nuclei by electromagnetic radiation in the radio-frequency range of the electromagnetic spectrum. (rsc.org)
  • The first scientists to investigate nuclear magnetic resonance were physicists whose primary concern was to measure fundamental physical constants. (rsc.org)
  • Additional techniques include MR spectroscopy (MRS), which allows clinicians to characterize the chemical composition of the mass by determining the presence and/or alteration of components such as lactate, N -acetylaspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), and myo-inositol (Ins). (medscape.com)
  • Neuropsychological evaluation can assist clinicians to better assess the patient's clinical condition, reach differential diagnoses, and develop interventional strategies. (bleistiftreviews.de)
  • Since then NMR spectroscopy has become an essential tool not only for chemists, but also for biochemists, molecular biologists and even clinicians. (rsc.org)
  • A meta-analysis of 70 randomized clinical trials confirms the clinical impression that efficacy does not significantly differ among AEDs used for refractory partial epilepsy. (medscape.com)
  • Currently, the improvement of detection modalities (i.e., direct detection of 13 C isotopomers), the progress in building adequate mathematical models along with the increase in magnetic field strength now available render possible detailed compartmentalized metabolic flux characterization. (frontiersin.org)
  • The ability of scientists with a background in biotransformation and organic chemistry to creatively solve complex drug metabolism problems encountered during research and development efforts on both small and large molecular modalities is exemplified in five relevant case studies. (aspetjournals.org)
  • We examined the effect of three months of rosiglitazone treatment (4 mg b.i.d.) on whole-body insulin sensitivity and in vivo peripheral adipocyte insulin sensitivity as assessed by glycerol release in microdialysis from subcutaneous fat during a two-step (20 and 120 mU · m −2 · min −1 ) hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp in nine type 2 diabetic subjects. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Herein, we review findings supporting the applications of and research on heavy water in monitoring of bacterial metabolism, rapid detection of drug sensitivity, identification of tumor cells, precision medicine, and evaluation of skin barrier function and promote the use of heavy water as a suitable marker for the development of detection and treatment methodologies. (medsci.org)
  • Studies on the physiological effects of sulfamic acid and ammonium sulfamate. (cdc.gov)
  • To balance the need for temporal resolution and sufficient SNR, fMRS requires a high magnetic field strength (1.5 T and above). (wikipedia.org)
  • Temporal resolution has increased from 7 minutes in the first fMRS studies to 5 seconds in more recent ones. (wikipedia.org)
  • therefore it is more suitable for fMRS studies where high temporal resolution is needed and where the volume of interest is known. (wikipedia.org)
  • Multi-voxel spectroscopy provides information about group of voxels and data can be presented in 2D or 3D images, but it requires longer acquisition times and therefore temporal resolution is decreased. (wikipedia.org)
  • We predict an intensified use of metabolomic screens in clinical and preclinical studies focusing on the onset and progression of tumor development. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Shedding light on the role of astrocytes in brain metabolism, the earlier picture of astrocytes being restricted to a scaffold-associated function in the brain is now out of date. (frontiersin.org)
  • Additionally, some studies have shown that hyperexcitability in the cortex [ 9 - 13 ], suggests that an unbalanced inhibition-excitation system in the brain contributes to the pathophysiology of migraines. (researchsquare.com)
  • Our methods provide quantitative measures of regional lung function, and have potential to scale to use in clinical practice. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • My research is in the area of microtechnology and neuroscience, with a focus on developing quantitative tools to study how neural signals govern behavior. (wpi.edu)
  • Preoperative Quantitative MR Tractography Compared with Visual Tract Evaluation in Patients with Neuropathologically Confirmed Gliomas Grades II and III: A Prospective Cohort Study. (lu.se)
  • Unlike in vivo MRS which is intensively used in clinical settings, fMRS is used primarily as a research tool, both in a clinical context, for example, to study metabolite dynamics in patients with epilepsy, migraine and dyslexia, and to study healthy brains. (wikipedia.org)
  • We have expertise in developing multinuclear MRI for multisite clinical research studies. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • Our research is driven by clinical need and relies on interdisciplinary team science to link technological expertise with key biological questions relevant to human health and the diagnosis and treatment of disease processes. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • Cardiac (31)P MR spectroscopy has shown most promise for the prognosis and treatment of heart failure, but has also been used as a powerful research tool for uncovering energy deficits in cardiomyopathies, ischaemic heart disease and valvular heart disease. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Cardiac MRS has predominantly been used in research and is not currently ready for routine clinical practice. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This article reviews the applications of cardiac MRS, concentrating on the (31)P nucleus, and the current limitations that prevent routine use in research and clinical practice. (ox.ac.uk)
  • But large- scale omic studies of cellular molecules in aggregate rarely can answer interesting questions without the assistance of information from traditional hypothesis- driven research. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • MR spectroscopy (MRS) has gained an important place in fundamental research as well as in clinical research. (uu.nl)
  • Feature papers represent the most advanced research with significant potential for high impact in the field. (mdpi.com)
  • These services are crucial in drug discovery and development, clinical research, biomarker analysis, and other areas of life sciences. (axispharm.com)
  • It plays a crucial role in various fields such as pharmaceuticals, clinical research, environmental monitoring, and food safety. (axispharm.com)
  • Wang X, Liu Nm, Zhao Yf, Yang F, Zhu Zj, Song D. Research Progress in the Medical Application of Heavy Water, Especially in the Field of D 2 O-Raman Spectroscopy. (medsci.org)
  • To reach this goal, scientists from the Universities of Regensburg and Munich as well as experts in TSPO research from Göttingen and Paris, who have already worked together in the field, will take part in this endeavor. (uni-regensburg.de)
  • After two years of postdoctoral experience at Institute of Food Research, UK, she worked at Imperial College London for 7 years working in the field of metabonomics. (eurekaselect.com)
  • Her research interests are metabonomics method development and application the technique in infectious disease, metabolic disease and clinical settings. (eurekaselect.com)
  • This love encouraged me to pursue a degree in veterinary medicine, followed by a doctorate in molecular genetics and research interests in the field of gene mapping, stem cell biology, and regenerative medicine. (wpi.edu)
  • The Singapore Phenome Centre (SPC) supports research in the clinical, biological and environmental sciences. (scelse.sg)
  • [ 3 ] (Jervis 1948) Further research has confirmed premature aging and clinical deterioration, and the presence of neuropathological changes in AD. (medscape.com)
  • Therefore, although conclusions from research studies may be interchangeable, AD in persons with DS should be considered different from AD without DS. (medscape.com)
  • MR experiments at a field strength of 7 tesla therefore show a more than twofold increase in the intrinsic SNR, as compared to a 3T MR scanner. (uu.nl)
  • Perturbation of this nature was also observed in magnetically aligned bicelles by 31P solid-state NMR spectroscopy and spin relaxation experiments. (phoenixpeptide.com)
  • AD is a genetic and sporadic neurodegenerative disease that is a common cause of cognitive impairment acquired in midlife and in late life, but its clinical impact is modified by other neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular conditions. (medscape.com)
  • The purpose of this study was to compare brain activity as measured by fNIRS in concussed and age-matched controls during the performance of cognitive tasks from a computerized neurocognitive test battery.Program Locations. (bleistiftreviews.de)
  • BACKGROUND: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common clinical complication in elderly patients, but its underlying mechanism remains unclear. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. (westminster.ac.uk)
  • Aerated drinks increase gastric volume and reduce appetite as assessed by MRI: a randomized, balanced, crossover trial AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • Previous studies had showed that DKD could improve sex hormone levels, insulin resistance, metabolism abnormalities and regulate immunity in animal models with polycystic ovary syndrome or endometriosis, however, little study conducted to reveal its clinical efficacy in Primary Dysmenorrhea (PD). (bvsalud.org)
  • SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Biotransformation and mechanistic drug metabolism scientists are critical to advancing chemical entities through discovery and development, yet the number of scientists academically trained for this role is on the decline. (aspetjournals.org)
  • This position paper highlights the continuing demand for biotransformation scientists and the necessity of nurturing creative ways to train them and guarantee the future growth of this field. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Differences in metabolism between normal cells and cancer cells have been identified. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The chemical shift results from minute differences in the external magnetic field which is experienced by each nucleus. (rsc.org)
  • These local differences are, in turn, a consequence of small additional magnetic fields which are produced by the electrons in the vicinity of the nucleus. (rsc.org)
  • Clinical differences have been observed, mainly in the early age of onset of AD in individuals with DS. (medscape.com)
  • Besides age, other studies have also shown some clinical differences that might be unique to persons with DS. (medscape.com)
  • Raman spectroscopy analyzes the biochemical components of a sample by measuring the inelastic scattering of light by different molecular species, producing a spectrum based on the chemical bonds present within the analyzed samples. (medsci.org)
  • Likewise, graduate students who receive their training in medicinal chemistry not only learn the art of organic synthesis as applied to rational design and synthesis of enzyme substrates and inhibitors (or receptor agonists and antagonists) for structure-activity relationship (SAR) analyses, but also gain an appreciation for biochemical screening and drug metabolism through their graduate coursework and potentially hands-on experience in the laboratory. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Atherosclerosis is a complex metabolic disease characterized by the dysfunction of lipid metabolism and chronic inflammation in the intimal space of the vessel. (biomed.news)
  • 14 , 19 A few infant clinical case studies have shown KS administration to be safe and therapeutically effective for genetic metabolic conditions. (insulinresistance.org)
  • A novel modular airflow system was developed to study volatile-mediated interactions between biological systems, for example, the effect of plant root volatiles (rVOCs) on soil microbial community. (scelse.sg)
  • Here, we review state-of-the-art MR methods to study brain function and metabolism in vivo , and their contribution to the current understanding of how astrocytic energy metabolism supports glutamatergic activity and cerebral function. (frontiersin.org)
  • however, brain studies have been far more popular. (wikipedia.org)
  • Multi-voxel spectroscopy usually is performed when the specific volume of interest is not known or it is important to study metabolite dynamics in a larger brain region. (wikipedia.org)
  • Dr. Mason received further training at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, where he guided the group's 13C-labeling studies of the human brain in vivo in the 4.1T whole-body MR system. (yale.edu)
  • Impaired brain metabolism and neurocognitive function in childhood leukemia survivors despite complete hormone supplementation in adulthood. (lu.se)
  • Visual assessment of brain perfusion MRI scans in dementia: a pilot study. (lu.se)
  • Although diagnosing dementia is largely a clinical endeavor, neuroimaging plays an increasingly important role in accurately determining the underlying etiology, which extends beyond its traditional role in excluding other causes of altered cognition. (medscape.com)
  • Individuals with DS or trisomy 21 develop a clinical syndrome of dementia with clinical and neuropathologic characteristics almost identical to those of AD as described in individuals without DS. (medscape.com)
  • However, in this study, tests for dementia given to persons older than 30 years showed some performance decline from 40 to 45 years. (medscape.com)
  • One study compared the clinical findings in individuals with DS and dementia with those with dementia and intellectual disabilities. (medscape.com)
  • However, it soon became apparent that this simple equation did not fully describe the 1 H-nmr phenomenon for most molecules that were typically studied in solution. (rsc.org)
  • Alzheimer disease is diagnosed via clinical, neuropsychological, and neuroimaging assessments. (medscape.com)
  • Thus, a molecule which contains hydrogen in different chemical environments will present not just one radio-frequency absorption, as is the case for water, but rather a spectrum of 1 H resonances. (rsc.org)
  • Therefore MR spectroscopy is applicable to study normal and pathological metabolism inside the human body. (uu.nl)
  • With its foundations in the natural sciences, it is an interdisciplinary field that is highly relevant to human performance and health. (humankinetics.com)
  • The incentive sensitization theory is a promising model for understanding the mechanisms underlying drug addiction, and has received support in animal and human studies. (researchgate.net)