• The most common viral pathogens recovered from hospitalized patients admitted with CAP include human rhinovirus and influenza . (medscape.com)
  • A real-time PCR assay was used to identify the rhinovirus in the enterovirus/rhinovirus-positive samples. (medscape.com)
  • Conclusions The findings of this study highlight the importance of respiratory viruses (mainly RSV and rhinovirus) in children with CAP and show the characteristics of both the single infections and co-infections associated with the disease. (medscape.com)
  • parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and adenovirus) in 23 (45%) of 51 patients with suspected SARS and 9 (47%) of 19 patients with probable SARS. (cdc.gov)
  • The analytical sensitivity, specificity, linearity, precision and accuracy of an in-house adenovirus quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay were evaluated against the RealStar® Adenovirus PCR Kit (Altona Diagnostics GmbH, Hamburg, Germany), using 122 clinical specimens and 18 proficiency testing samples. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A comparison of 52 matched samples showed an excellent correlation between the quantitative viral loads measured by the in-house assay and the RealStar® Adenovirus PCR Kit (R 2 = 0.984), with an average bias of − 0.16 log 10 copies/mL. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Parechoviruses are human pathogens that cause diseases ranging from gastrointestinal disorders to encephalitis. (omicsdi.org)
  • Therefore, putative small molecules that could disrupt HPeV RNA-capsid protein interactions could be developed into antiviral inhibitors.Human parechoviruses (HPeVs) are pathogens that cause diseases ranging from respiratory and gastrointestinal disorders to encephalitis. (omicsdi.org)
  • The FTD™ Respiratory pathogens 21 assay 1 is a qualitative in vitro nucleic acid amplification test for the detection and differentiation of specific viral and bacterial nucleic acids in nasopharyngeal swab specimens of human origin. (siemens-healthineers.com)
  • Provides simultaneous detection of probable pathogens with one kit using a single sample for increased testing efficiency. (siemens-healthineers.com)
  • Reliable and timely diagnosis of respiratory pathogens can help differentiate among viruses, improve clinical decision making, and prevent viral outbreaks. (roche.com)
  • Before the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by the SARS coronavirus in 2003, human coronaviruses (HCoVs) had not been considered harmful respiratory pathogens. (hindawi.com)
  • Respiratory viruses (RVs) are pathogens that can cause central nervous system (CNS) infection, but previous research has been limited to a pediatric population. (encephalitisjournal.org)
  • A Monitoring for human pathogens in sewage Monitoring of human pathogens in sewage is possible because they may be excreted in a range of bodily fluids, skin, and hair during active infection (Feachem et al. (scienceopen.com)
  • Along with the RiboPrinter® system, DuPont Qualicon markets the award-winning BAX® system, an innovative DNA-based technology for detecting pathogens and other organisms in food and environmental samples. (rapidmicromethods.com)
  • Similarly, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) can be detected in the presence of other known bacterial pathogens. (medscape.com)
  • While some viruses and bacteria have been widely studied and are known to be an important component of the respiratory complex, novel, emerging or unrecognised pathogens are not easily detected because they are not routinely considered in the differential diagnosis or laboratory diagnostic assays are not available. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In conclusion, this study established a protocol for enterovirus and HPeV virus identification that combines conventional and molecular methods and would be beneficial for HPeV diagnosis. (omicsdi.org)
  • Additionally, we obtained the complete or near-complete genome of bovine rhinitis B, enterovirus E1, bovine viral diarrhea virus (sub-genotypes 1a and 1c) and bovine respiratory syncytial virus, and partial sequences of other viruses. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute infection of the respiratory tract that emerged in late 2019 1 , 2 . (nature.com)
  • The virus is responsible for a highly transmissible respiratory tract infection in mice, hamsters, guinea pigs, rats, and occasionally marmosets, with infection passing through both air and direct contact routes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Inbred and outbred mouse and rat strains have very different susceptibility to Sendai virus infection. (wikipedia.org)
  • It was shown that resistance to the lethal effects of Sendai virus in mice is genetically controlled and expressed through control of viral replication within the first 72 hours of infection. (wikipedia.org)
  • Outbreaks of infection with HPIV-2, although erratic, usually follow HPIV-1 outbreaks. (medscape.com)
  • Asymptomatic infection can be induced in hamsters, guinea pigs, and adult ferrets by all 5 serotypes of HPIV (HPIV-1, HPIV-2, HPIV-3, HPIV-4a, and HPIV-4b). (medscape.com)
  • Respiratory epithelium appears to be the major site of virus binding and subsequent infection. (medscape.com)
  • ABSTRACT The epidemiology, seasonality and risk factors for influenza virus infection remains poorly defined in countries such as Egypt. (who.int)
  • Between 1 January and 31 December 2013, we used surveillance data on patients hospitalized with severe acute respiratory infection in three Egyptian government hospitals in Damanhour district to estimate the incidence rate of laboratory-confirmed seasonal influenza. (who.int)
  • Entre le 1er janvier et le 31 décembre 2013, nous avons utilisé les données de la surveillance des patients hospitalisés pour une infection respiratoire aiguë sévère (IRAS) dans trois hôpitaux publics égyptiens dans le district de Damanhour afin d'estimer le taux d'incidence de la grippe saisonnière confirmée en laboratoire. (who.int)
  • Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) are a highly prevalent cause of acute respiratory infection in children. (plos.org)
  • Given the increased interest for novel HRV strain identification and their worldwide distribution, we have carried out clinical and molecular diagnosis of HRV strains in a 2-year study of children with acute respiratory infection visiting one district hospital in Shanghai. (plos.org)
  • Fulminant herpes simplex virus (HSV) hepatitis with disseminated extrahepatic involvement is a rare complication of herpes virus infection, traditionally described in significantly immunocompromised hosts. (thieme-connect.de)
  • Epstein-Barr virus testing was consistent with remote infection. (thieme-connect.de)
  • Main outcome measure Clinical respiratory illness (CRI), influenza-like illness (ILI) and laboratory-confirmed respiratory virus infection. (bmj.com)
  • HAI antibodies appear in the sera 1 - 2 weeks after infection and persist for several years. (virology-online.com)
  • Croup, or laryngotracheobronchitis is the commonest clinical manifestation of parainfluenza virus infection. (virology-online.com)
  • Occasionally, a mild non-specific illness is seen after parainfluenza virus infection. (virology-online.com)
  • In adults, parainfluenza virus infection may be asymptomatic or result in a mild 'cold' or URTI. (virology-online.com)
  • Although parainfluenza 3 may produce croup, more typically, it produces a spectrum of infection that closely mimics that produced by RSV, including bronchiolitis and pneumonia. (virology-online.com)
  • Parechovirus A (Human parechovirus, HPeV) causes symptoms ranging from severe neonatal infection to mild gastrointestinal and respiratory disease. (omicsdi.org)
  • This is the first edition of this document for novel coronavirus, an adaption of WHO Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when MERS-CoV infection is suspected publication (2019). (who.int)
  • The spectrum of infection with SARS-CoV-2 virus is quite wide ranging from asymptomatic infection to symptomatic illness. (cdc.gov)
  • 7 Shortly thereafter, the aircraft carrier USS Theodore Roosevelt experienced a COVID-19 outbreak during which 26.6% of the crew contracted a SARS-CoV-2 infection, with 1 fatality. (health.mil)
  • HHV-2, also known as HSV-2, causes genital herpes and occasionally causes oral disease that is clinically similar to that of HHV-1 infection. (medscape.com)
  • HHV-3, also known as varicella-zoster virus (VZV), causes the primary infection chickenpox and the secondary reactivation disease herpes zoster. (medscape.com)
  • HHV-4, also known as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), causes the primary infection infectious mononucleosis , and it is implicated in various diseases, such as African Burkitt lymphoma , other immunoproliferative disorders, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. (medscape.com)
  • [ 5 , 6 ] In a localized primary infection, the virus penetrates the mucosal epithelium and invades the cells of the basal layer, where the viral DNA inserts into the host DNA. (medscape.com)
  • This test is intended for use as an aid in the diagnosis of HPIV1-4 in nasopharyngeal swab specimens from patients with signs and symptoms of a respiratory infection in conjunction with clinical and epidemiological risk factors. (roche.com)
  • Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 335 cases of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection from February 15, 2022 to March 18, 2022 in Shenzhen Third People's Hospital. (bvsalud.org)
  • In this study, we screened for the presence of HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-HKU1 in children with acute respiratory infection admitted to the Beijing Children's Hospital in an effort to gain a better understanding of the seasonality, epidemiology and genetic diversity of these viruses in a city with a population of more than 22 million. (hindawi.com)
  • To diagnose these viruses, screening test of RV PCR is recommended even in patients without upper respiratory infection symptoms. (encephalitisjournal.org)
  • RVs mainly cause upper or lower respiratory tract infections, but they can also cause central nervous system (CNS) infection, mostly in children [ 1 ]. (encephalitisjournal.org)
  • From March 2012 to December 2015, patients visiting Seoul National University Hospital (Seoul, Korea) with a clinical suspicion of CNS infection were enrolled in the neurological infection registry of Seoul National University Hospital (Seoul, Korea). (encephalitisjournal.org)
  • 1) clinical suspicion of CNS infection, (2) ≥18 years of age, and (3) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis. (encephalitisjournal.org)
  • We conducted a prospective study to compare the positive and negative percentage agreement of ANS with the combined throat and anterior nasal (CTN) swab for the detection of respiratory viruses among children aged 5-18 years with symptoms of respiratory tract infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study aimed at estimating the AH1N1 infection, hospitalization and mortality rates, and at identifying related clinical features in persons who received medical care during the influenza pandemic. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Clinical predictors were identified using multivariate logistic regression with infection as a dependent variable. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Those with any pneumonia were significantly less likely to have a respiratory virus identified in their nasopharynges and had significantly higher C reactive protein (CRP) values than those in the viral infection and asthma groups. (bmj.com)
  • There are clear biochemical (eg, C reactive protein) and microbiological (eg, respiratory virus prevalence) differences between critically ill children with different respiratory infection syndromes. (bmj.com)
  • Among the 17 HBoV-positive patients who were also positive for infection with other viruses, 10 showed PIV infection. (datexis.com)
  • Previous studies have reported that HBoV infection was more prevalent among individuals who had other respiratory viruses [10, 22]. (datexis.com)
  • Gail Kansky, President of the NCF stated, 'Once we determined the status of Stat-1 in patient blood samples, we knew that we had to look for possible evidence of Parainfluenza Virus 5 infection. (ncf-net.org)
  • Kansky commented, 'Though our funded research continues in diagnostic testing, our findings have served to highlight the important work of Dr. Robbins and the role of Cryptovirus and Parainfluenza Virus 5 infection in CFS. (ncf-net.org)
  • Samples are first tested for chlamydia. (hslpathology.com)
  • If chlamydia is detected, LGV is suspected and if requested, the same swab samples can be tested for LGV as an additional test. (hslpathology.com)
  • New technologies, such as matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry enable rapid and precise identification of bacterial species [ 6 ], and highly sensitive techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can help exclude a role for viruses, mycoplasma, and chlamydia. (biomedcentral.com)
  • All subjects had nasopharyngeal swabs tested for respiratory viruses, M. pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae . (bmj.com)
  • During the fall/winter season of 2004-05, we found 9 respiratory specimens positive for human parainfluenza virus type 4 (HPIV-4) in our laboratory (43% of all HPIVs) from patients with mild to moderate respiratory illnesses. (cdc.gov)
  • Specimens were placed into 96-well plates seeded with 8 cell lines and onto 2 shell vials ( Table 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Positive HPIV-4 samples consisted of 7 nasopharyngeal aspirates and 2 nasopharyngeal or throat swab specimens. (cdc.gov)
  • Although the positive detection of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical specimens from the upper respiratory tract has previously been described 9 , 10 , these observations do not address the principal differences between SARS and COVID-19 in terms of clinical pathology. (nature.com)
  • Whereas positive SARS-CoV-2 detection in clinical specimens from the upper respiratory tract has been described 9 , these observations do not address principal differences between SARS and COVID-19 in terms of clinical pathology. (medrxiv.org)
  • The expression of SETD4 in PCa cells and tissue samples was downregulated in PCa cells and tissue specimens, and decreased SETD4 expression led to inferior clinicopathological characteristics in patients with PCa. (bvsalud.org)
  • A third serotype of human parechovirus (HPeV) has been recently isolated from stool specimens of a young Japanese child with transient paralysis. (omicsdi.org)
  • Respiratory bacteria and viruses are frequently detected in specimens collected from children with pneumonia [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Detection of respiratory viruses requires testing of the upper respiratory tract to obtain specimens for analysis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Respiratory secretions, bronchoalveolar lavage samples, and tissue specimens can be examined using cytologic and histologic techniques. (medscape.com)
  • Extensive diagnostic testing was performed at the CDHS Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory on specimens from 165 patients, including those with conditions that did not meet strict CDC case criteria ( Table 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Dr. Robbins had tested fifty-six serum specimens from patients who had been diagnosed with CFS along with eleven matching cerebrospinal fluid samples obtained from physicians in Brisbane and Southeast Queensland. (ncf-net.org)
  • HPIV-3 is second only to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) as a cause of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants and young children. (medscape.com)
  • A novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, was recently identified causing pneumonia in humans, termed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). (peerj.com)
  • Parainfluenza 1 and 2 are particularly prone to produce croup whilst parainfluenza 3 is prone to produce bronchiolitis and pneumonia. (virology-online.com)
  • represent a noteworthy clinical cause of pneumonia. (biomedcentral.com)
  • pneumonia and influenza are listed as the 8th leading cause of death in the United States, with 57,062 deaths in 2015 [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Gram-positive bacilli that are often dismissed as contaminants have been reported to cause pneumonia (Table 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • 1 HPIVs often produce mild cold-like symptoms but can progress to severe clinical manifestations such as otitis media, pharyngitis, conjunctivitis, croup, tracheobronchitis, and pneumonia, which can result in life-threatening consequences. (roche.com)
  • We assessed if clinical characteristics and blood inflammatory biomarkers could be used to distinguish bacterial from viral pneumonia. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Western Australian children (≤17 years) hospitalized with radiologically-confirmed community-acquired pneumonia were recruited and clinical symptoms and management data were collected. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Clinical characteristics and biomarker levels were compared between cases with definite bacterial pneumonia (clinical empyema and/or bacteria detected in blood or pleural fluid), presumed viral pneumonia (presence of ≥1 virus in nasopharyngeal swab without criteria for definite bacterial pneumonia), and other pneumonia cases (pneumonia in the absence of criteria for either definite bacterial or presumed viral pneumonia). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Combining elevated CRP with the presence or absence of clinical signs/ symptoms differentiates definite bacterial from presumed viral pneumonia better than CRP alone. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Respiratory viruses and Mycoplasma pneumoniae are commonly detected in children with non-severe pneumonia. (bmj.com)
  • Co-infections showed radiographic evidence of alveolar pneumonia significantly more frequently than single infections (OR 1·72, 95% CI 1·05-2·81). (medscape.com)
  • and emerging diseases necessitate the ongoing assessment of vaccine development priorities (e.g., pneumococcal disease in children, respiratory syncytial virus [RSV] pneumonia, malaria). (cdc.gov)
  • Sequencing studies identified 8 different HPIV-4A strains and 1 HPIV-4B strain. (cdc.gov)
  • Serotype 4 can be further subdivided into 2 antigenic subtypes, HPIV-4A and HPIV-4B ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Although the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of serotypes HPIV-1 to HPIV-3 are well described, much less is known about HPIV-4, including its seasonality ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • We sought to describe the virologic and molecular characteristics as well as the clinical manifestations associated with HPIV-4 infections at our hospital during 2004-05. (cdc.gov)
  • Seasonality of human parainfluenza virus type 4 (HPIV-4) infections during fall and winter of 4 consecutive years. (cdc.gov)
  • During the same period of 2003-04, we isolated only 1 HPIV-4 (2% of all HPIVs and 0.3% overall). (cdc.gov)
  • Finally during the 2001-02 season, we found 3 HPIV-4 (15% of all HPIVs and 0.8% overall) ( Figure 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Human PIVs (HPIVs) are currently divided into 5 serotypes-HPIV-1, HPIV-2, HPIV-3, HPIV-4a, and HPIV-4b-in 2 different genera: Respirovirus (HPIV-1 and HPIV-3) and Rubulavirus (HPIV-2 and HPIV-4). (medscape.com)
  • HPIV is closely related to Hendra virus, Nipah virus, and metapneumoviruses. (medscape.com)
  • HPIV-1 is most commonly associated with croup. (medscape.com)
  • The seasonal patterns of HPIV-1, HPIV-2, and HPIV-3 are curiously interactive. (medscape.com)
  • HPIV-1 causes the largest, most defined outbreaks, which are marked by sharp biennial rises in croup cases in the autumn of odd-numbered years. (medscape.com)
  • Outbreaks of HPIV-3 infections occur yearly, mainly in spring and summer, and last longer than outbreaks of HPIV-1 and HPIV-2. (medscape.com)
  • Chimpanzees, macaques, squirrels, owls, and rhesus monkeys have been asymptomatically infected with HPIV-3 or HPIV-4, and only marmosets have developed symptomatic upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) with HPIV-3 and Sendai virus. (medscape.com)
  • Human parainfluenza viruses (HPIVs) have been recognized as a cause of respiratory tract infections for many decades. (cdc.gov)
  • Sendai virus is used as a backbone for vaccine development against Mycobacterium tuberculosis that causes tuberculosis, against HIV-1 that causes AIDS and against other viruses, including those that cause severe respiratory infections in children. (wikipedia.org)
  • Epizootic infections of mice are usually associated with a high mortality rate, while enzootic disease patterns suggest that the virus is latent and can be cleared over the course of a year. (wikipedia.org)
  • The virus is immunosuppressive and may predispose to secondary bacterial infections. (wikipedia.org)
  • Over the past decade, Vietnam has successfully responded to global health security (GHS) challenges, including domestic elimination of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and rapid public health responses to human infections with influenza A(H5N1) virus ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Active, prospective, continuous, hospital-based SARI surveillance is useful in supporting pandemic preparedness for emerging influenza A(H7N9) virus infections and seasonal influenza prevention and control. (who.int)
  • Clinical diagnostic tests based on nucleic acid amplification assist with the prompt diagnosis of microbial infections because of their speeds and extremely low limits of detection. (ox.ac.uk)
  • There have been reports of human infections by some of the other nonhuman PIVs, but these have not been well established. (medscape.com)
  • Double or triple infections with HRV-C and respiratory syncytial virus and/or bocavirus were diagnosed in 33.3% of the HRV-infected patients, but no correlation with severity of clinical outcome was observed. (plos.org)
  • However, antibody production in children less than 2 years may be delayed until they have sustained recurrent parainfluenza infections. (virology-online.com)
  • Parainfluenza viruses are found uncommonly associated with other respiratory tract infections in children such as tracheobronchitis, bronchiolitis, and bronchopneumonia. (virology-online.com)
  • Parainfluenza viruses produce disease throughout the year, but peak prevalence rates occur during wintertime outbreaks of respiratory tract infections, especially croup, in children throughout the temperate zones of the northern and southern hemispheres. (virology-online.com)
  • Most infections are endemic, but sharp small epidemics occasionally occur with types 1 and 2. (virology-online.com)
  • Parainfluenza virus infections are primarily childhood diseases, the highest age-specific attack rates for croup occur in children below the age of 3 years. (virology-online.com)
  • Type 4 viruses induce few clinical illnesses but infections are common, 70 - 80% of children have antibodies by 10 years of age. (virology-online.com)
  • Even in children, the majority of infections with parainfluenza viruses are subclinical. (virology-online.com)
  • Human parechovirus 3 and neonatal infections. (omicsdi.org)
  • The virus infections spread readily within the team, most commonly within the same sport discipline. (bmj.com)
  • Members of the human herpesvirus (HHV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) families cause the most common primary viral infections of the oral cavity. (medscape.com)
  • Nonetheless, many other viral infections can affect the oral cavity in humans, either as localized or systemic infections. (medscape.com)
  • In HHV-1 and HHV-2 oral infections, viral replication within the oral epithelium may cause lysis of epithelial cells, with vesicle formation. (medscape.com)
  • Herpesviruses establish latent permanent infections in their hosts, although clinical signs of disease may not be detected. (medscape.com)
  • The human coronaviruses (HCoVs) HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-HKU1 are two recently discovered coronaviruses that circulate widely and are associated with acute respiratory infections (ARI). (hindawi.com)
  • It is now recognized that both these viruses have a worldwide circulation and are associated with human respiratory tract infections. (hindawi.com)
  • Numerous large series of illness after international travel have repeatedly identified malaria (20-30%) 1 , acute travellers' diarrhea (10-20%), and respiratory tract infections (10-15%) as the top causes of fever in travellers 2 - 11 (Table 1). (canada.ca)
  • From January 1 to March 29, 2019, 34 states and the District of Columbia reported mumps infections in 426 people to the CDC. (medscape.com)
  • Human adenoviruses are common causes of community-acquired respiratory tract and enteric infections. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Information on Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections (RSV) has been updated. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Marginal differences were found between the infections owing to a single virus. (medscape.com)
  • 1.HIV infections - diagnosis. (bvsalud.org)
  • Efforts to curb the spread of this virus, as well as the effects of viral infections and resulting complications thereof, have placed immense strain on healthcare systems throughout the world. (bvsalud.org)
  • Since January, 2012, the Pacific region has faced a heavy burden of concurrent epidemics of dengue, chikungunya, and zika virus infections. (bvsalud.org)
  • HCoV-NL63, a member of the group I coronaviruses, was first detected in a child with bronchiolitis in The Netherlands in 2004 [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • There are no scientific studies, which were performed using modern detection methods, which would identify SeV as an infectious and decease causative for humans or domestic animals. (wikipedia.org)
  • The FilmArray instrument integrates sample preparation, amplification, detection, and analysis, and is designed to provide results in about an hour with about two minutes of hands-on time, according to the company. (genomeweb.com)
  • Parechovirus A Detection by a Comprehensive Approach in a Clinical Laboratory. (omicsdi.org)
  • This section uses Real-time PCR techniques for the detection of viral nucleic acid in clinical samples. (hslpathology.com)
  • The cobas ® Paraflu 1-4 UC Test for use with the cobas omni Utility Channel on the cobas ® 6800/8800 Systems is a high-throughput multiplex assay for the qualitative detection and differentiation of respiratory viruses parainfluenza 1, parainfluenza 2, parainfluenza 3, and parainfluenza 4. (roche.com)
  • cobas ® Paraflu 1-4 UC is an in vitro nucleic acid amplification test for the qualitative detection and discrimination of human Parainfluenza virus serotypes 1, 2, 3, and 4 (HPIV1-4). (roche.com)
  • We aim to determine the positive and negative percentage agreement of a novel anterior nasal swab (ANS) compared with the combined throat and anterior nasal swab (CTN), the reference standard, for detection of respiratory viruses. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In comparison with the CTN, the overall positive and negative percentage agreement of ANS for detection of respiratory viruses was 96.2% (95% CI, 91.8-98.3%) and 99.8% (95% CI, 99.6-99.9%), respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The review presents our conclusions on: (1) the potential biological agents that might be released into a sewage system, (2) the likely background level of those agents in sewage, (3) laboratory methods and detection, and (4) the probability of detecting select biological agents in sewage. (scienceopen.com)
  • molecular diagnostic methods were used for the detection of other respiratory viruses in the other studies whereas we used virus culturing. (datexis.com)
  • As the virus culture was used for the detection of major respiratory viruses, the isolated virus could be the main causative agent of respiratory illness. (datexis.com)
  • In a study performed in Hong Kong, a higher detection rate of HBoV was observed in NPAs positive for common respiratory viruses than in those that were negative for the same. (datexis.com)
  • However, in our study, similar detection rate of HBoV was observed in the samples positive and negative for other respiratory viruses in the R-mix culture (Data are not shown). (datexis.com)
  • Importantly, not only did these studies identify previously unrecognised viral species, but they also consistently observed an abundance of viruses not part of the regular veterinary diagnostic laboratory detection range, including influenza D virus (IDV), bovine rhinitis viruses A and B (BRAV and BRBV), parvoviruses and bovine herpesviruses other than bovine alphaherpesvirus-1 (BoHV-1). (biomedcentral.com)
  • In HCoV-HKU1-infected patients, the predominant clinical symptoms were cough, fever, and expectoration. (hindawi.com)
  • The outbreak of SARS renewed interest in this virus family and resulted in the identification of two additional HCoVs, HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-HKU1. (hindawi.com)
  • HCoV-HKU1, a group II virus, was detected in an adult with chronic pulmonary disease in Hong Kong in 2005 [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Bacterial cultures were done for 4 patients, and 1 culture was positive for Streptococcus pneumoniae. (cdc.gov)
  • For queries, please email [email protected] with `2019-nCoV clinical question' in the subject line. (who.int)
  • Consider 2019-nCOV as a possible etiology of SARI under certain conditions (see Table 1). (who.int)
  • I'd like to welcome you to today's COCA call, Clinical Management of Critically Ill Adults with Corona Virus Disease 2019, COVID-19. (cdc.gov)
  • And Dr. Alhazzani is the primary author of the Surviving Sepsis Campaign: rapid guidelines on the management of critically ill adults with Corona virus disease 2019. (cdc.gov)
  • The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has been responsible for the largest respiratory illness pandemic since the influenza pandemic of 1918. (health.mil)
  • Methods: We conducted a retrospective descriptive review of theatre records at the Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital (RMMCH) for the time period 1 March 2019 to 28 February 2021. (bvsalud.org)
  • Results: A total of 8 176 cases amounting to 9 656 hours and 20 minutes of theatre time occurred from 1 March 2019 to 29 February 2020 (pre-COVID-19). (bvsalud.org)
  • No common group antigen, though some degree of cross reactivity can be demonstrated with the different serotypes and the mumps virus. (virology-online.com)
  • Although most research has focused on bacteria at present, NGS allows us to explore other microorganisms such as viruses, fungi and archaea. (ersjournals.com)
  • 1 Additionally, Ixodes ticks act as vectors, where they transfer disease-causing bacteria, viruses, or protozoa to their host during feeding. (the-scientist.com)
  • It is estimated that 50% or less of those individuals infected with enteric viruses or bacteria actually become ill (Haas et al. (scienceopen.com)
  • This clinical disorder is considered a multi-factorial disease with unknown etiology and pathophysiology. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, last week Wade Stevenson, diagnostic product manager at Idaho Tech, told PCR Insider that Idaho Tech chose not to commercialize that product, instead submitting to FDA an updated version of the panel including two additional viral targets, the parainfluenza 1 and 2 viruses. (genomeweb.com)
  • Cocchetto continued, 'Parainfluenza Virus 5 is a virus that had to be seriously considered as a possible piece of this medical puzzle because it directly targets and destroys the Stat-1 protein. (ncf-net.org)
  • 1-3 After January 2020, when the first case of COVID-19 in the United States (U.S.) was identified, public health departments were quickly overwhelmed with outbreaks across the country. (health.mil)
  • Subsequently, a randomized placebo-controlled trial of 236 adult hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China published on April 29, 2020, demonstrated no significant difference in time to clinical improvement (21 days for remdesivir vs 23 days for placebo) or 28-day mortality (14% for remdesivir vs 13% for placebo). (ccjm.org)
  • COVID-19 was declared a pandemic in March 2020 [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • From 1 March 2020 to 28 February 2021 (post-COVID-19), a total of 7 717 cases amounting to 9 148 hours and 2 minutes were conducted. (bvsalud.org)
  • Newcastle disease virus is a rubulavirus that infects poultry, penguins, and other birds and has been responsible for conjunctivitis in bird handlers and laboratory workers. (medscape.com)
  • An analysis by mask use showed ILI (RR=6.64, 95% CI 1.45 to 28.65) and laboratory-confirmed virus (RR=1.72, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.94) were significantly higher in the cloth masks group compared with the medical masks group. (bmj.com)
  • After the Games, the other swab was tested for 16 possible causative respiratory viruses using PCR in laboratory-based testing. (bmj.com)
  • The most common laboratory report for sputum samples submitted for microbiological study is "mixed respiratory flora. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The results from the cobas ® Paraflu 1-4 UC must be interpreted within the context of all relevant clinical and laboratory findings. (roche.com)
  • We analyzed the clinical presentation, laboratory findings, and clinical course of the 10 patients. (encephalitisjournal.org)
  • Pharyngeal virus shedding was very high during the first week of symptoms, with a peak at 7.11 × 10 8 RNA copies per throat swab on day 4. (nature.com)
  • Historical clues and physical examination findings may suggest a causative pathogen, but the clinical signs and symptoms of CAP are not sufficiently specific to reliably differentiate the exact etiologic agent. (medscape.com)
  • This study identified various signs and symptoms for the clinical diagnosis of AH1N1 influenza and revealed that some of them can be age-specific. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 1 The majority of infected individuals achieve full recovery, many with few symptoms. (ccjm.org)
  • After the prodrome, the symptoms of the virus depend on which organ is affected. (medscape.com)
  • In addition, another 14 cases of people with symptoms consistent with the virus were reported in nearby states (Illinois, Nebraska, and Minnesota). (medscape.com)
  • The aims were to measure incidence, prevalence, risk factors, clinical spectrum and outcomes for SARI and associated influenza and other respiratory pathogen cases as well as to understand influenza contribution to patients not meeting SARI case definition. (who.int)
  • The vaccine studies against M. tuberculosis, HMPV, HPIV1 and, HPIV2 are in the pre-clinical stage, against HRSV a phase I clinical trail has been completed. (wikipedia.org)
  • One swab was analysed within 45 min using a molecular POCT for respiratory syncytial virus and influenza A and B viruses. (bmj.com)
  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) has become the new paradigm for the global havoc that can be produced by an emerging infectious disease ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Objectives To describe the clinical and virological data collected from children with radiographically confirmed CAP in whom 17 respiratory viruses were sought in respiratory secretion samples during the acute phase of the disease. (medscape.com)
  • In general, types 1 and 2 cause outbreaks of respiratory disease in the fall, which include colds, pharyngitis, tracheobronchitis and croup. (virology-online.com)
  • 4 Ships were not exempt from the spread of the virus, as evidenced by outbreaks aboard the Diamond Princess cruise ship and USS Theodore Roosevelt aircraft carrier. (health.mil)
  • 5 The impact of respiratory virus outbreaks on the health and readiness of both naval and civilian shipboard populations has been well documented for both highly lethal and comparatively less virulent diseases. (health.mil)
  • Idaho Technology said today that it has received 510(k) clearance from the US Food and Drug Administration to market its FilmArray instrument and FilmArray Respiratory Panel, a multiplex nucleic acid test designed to simultaneously detect 15 respiratory viruses. (genomeweb.com)
  • Nucleic acid was extracted using QIAamp MinElute Virus Spin kits (Qiagen, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada) according to the manufacturer's instructions. (hindawi.com)
  • Antivirals with evidence of clinical activity must be studied as treatment and prophylaxis for those at high risk for severe COVID-19. (ccjm.org)
  • Mild or severe clinical BRD affects an estimated 17% of animals within the first weeks of arrival into the feedlot [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 1,2 Information generated from this type of surveillance enhances our understanding of how epidemiology and etiology differ between countries and regions of the world. (who.int)
  • Dr. Robbins' evidence includes the presence of virus-specific antibodies in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients suffering from these disorders, the ability of the virus to cause virtually identical disease in experimentally-infected animals, and nucleotide sequence data that indicates that the virus is pandemic and represents a single virus species much like measles. (ncf-net.org)
  • For the developed non-nucleoside drugs (neuraminidase inhibitors and adamantanes for influenza) clinical challenges include short therapeutic windows, limited effects on the severely ill, and drug resistance. (ccjm.org)
  • As a result of vaccination against HPIV1 a significant boost in virus-specific neutralizing antibodies was observed. (wikipedia.org)
  • Antibodies against types 1 and 2 are acquired less rapidly but 80% of children have antibodies against types 1 and 2 by 10 years of age. (virology-online.com)
  • Conclusions: Children who received 2 doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine have a lower incidence of COVID-19 and higher levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies compared with who received 1 dose. (bvsalud.org)
  • Antibodies to the newly discovered virus were found in the cerebrospinal fluid and blood of over 90% of the patients tested with Multiple Sclerosis. (ncf-net.org)
  • Dr. Robbins had determined that 96% of the blood samples and 91% of the spinal fluid samples tested positively for Cryptovirus specific antibodies in these CFS patients. (ncf-net.org)
  • Although acyclovir remains standard first-line therapy, effective management of acyclovir-resistant disseminated herpes simplex virus (HSV) in pregnancy remains elusive. (thieme-connect.de)
  • HHV-1, also known as herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1, causes primary herpetic gingivostomatitis, or oral herpes. (medscape.com)
  • For Herpes Simplex Virus 1 and 2, and syphilis, see above. (hslpathology.com)
  • The methods were incorporated into our routine clinical practice for viral diagnosis. (omicsdi.org)
  • The mean age was 10.1 (SD 3.9) years at the time of type 1 diabetes diagnosis and 18.0 (4.1) years at follow-up. (cdc.gov)
  • In some immunocompromised patients, who shed the virus for long periods, the diagnosis can be of little clinical significance. (medscape.com)
  • Substantial clinical and molecular evidence indicates that this virus is involved in the development of neurological disorders that include Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), also known as Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (M.E.) by the World Health Organization, Multiple Sclerosis (M.S.) and Idiopathic Epilepsy of unknown cause. (ncf-net.org)
  • SeV has several features that are important in a vector for a successful vaccine: the virus does not integrate into the host genome, it does not undergo genetic recombination, it replicates only in the cytoplasm without DNA intermediates or a nuclear phase and it is does not cause any disease in humans or domestic animals. (wikipedia.org)
  • The control consists of a G+C-rich (60%) RNA molecule with an extensive secondary structure, based on a modified hepatitis delta virus genome. (ox.ac.uk)
  • With sequencing technologies becoming cheaper and easier to use, more groups are able to obtain whole genome sequences of viruses of public health and scientific importance. (biomedcentral.com)
  • GenBank currently has automatic prokaryotic and eukaryotic genome annotation pipelines but has no viral annotation pipeline beyond influenza virus. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We have created a portable, lightweight, user-friendly, internet-enabled, open-source, command-line genome annotation and submission package to facilitate virus genome submissions to NCBI GenBank. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Surprisingly, other than for influenza virus, NCBI GenBank does not currently have an automatic viral genome annotation pipeline. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The Structure of Human Parechovirus 1 Reveals an Association of the RNA Genome with the Capsid. (omicsdi.org)
  • In order to facilitate delivery of the virus genome into the cytoplasm, the N termini of VP0s have to be released from contacts between pentamers and exposed at the particle surface, resulting in capsid disruption. (omicsdi.org)
  • However, we found that interactions between the HPeV-1 single-stranded RNA genome and subunits VP1 and VP3 in the virion impose a partial icosahedral ordering on the genome. (omicsdi.org)
  • Furthermore, we found that the interactions of the HPeV-1 genome with the capsid resulted in a partial icosahedral ordering of the genome. (omicsdi.org)
  • Influenza A virus is a main cause of winter epidemics that results in increments in respiratory morbidity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Human parainfluenza viruses (HPIVs) are enveloped RNA viruses responsible for upper and lower respiratory illnesses in all age groups. (roche.com)
  • Parainfluenza tests diagnose four common viruses that cause respiratory illnesses, including croup and bronchitis. (medlineplus.gov)
  • According to the company, 'This previously undetected virus appears to be of significant importance to researchers looking for a cure to Multiple Sclerosis and many other neurological illnesses. (ncf-net.org)
  • A principal activity of each site ease ( 1 ) and long been regarded as an country in the EMR with tropical to has been establishment of surveillance important disease in the elderly because temperate climate and has an estimated for influenza-like illnesses. (who.int)
  • Human parainfluenza viruses are the second main cause of hospitalisation of young children suffering from respiratory illness. (roche.com)
  • In contrast disease launch from untransformed human being fibroblasts or main human being hepatocytes was found to be reduced by about three log PF-04620110 methods in a time course experiment which enables the cumulation of kinetic variations of the unique phases of viral replication such as primary PF-04620110 target cell illness target cell replication and progeny disease particle release. (siamtech.net)
  • 1 ] The immunosuppressive effects of pregnancy make pregnant women the second most common population to suffer from disseminated disease. (thieme-connect.de)
  • 1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (roche.com)
  • Dysbiosis can be related to disease severity and may be utilised to predict patients at clinical risk. (ersjournals.com)
  • Hikers in wooded areas must check themselves carefully for attached ticks, as Borrelia burgdorferi -carrying ticks transmit Lyme disease to humans through biting. (the-scientist.com)
  • Researchers have determined that some of this complex's genospecies cause Lyme disease in humans. (the-scientist.com)
  • Currently, a new recombinant OspA protein vaccine is going through phase III clinical trials, but as of right now, there are no prophylactic vaccines approved by the FDA to prevent Lyme disease in humans. (the-scientist.com)
  • While the severity of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) varies, it can account for up to 70% of the mortality observed in intensive beef production systems (i.e., feedlot cattle) [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Unmodified crazy type Sendai disease (murine parainfluenzavirus type I SeV) another well-known member of this disease family was actually used like a vaccine vector against hPIV1 and has PF-04620110 been demonstrated to be safe in medical tests [16]. (siamtech.net)
  • Additionally a first-in-man software of recombinant Sendai disease has been reported very recently like a vector for gene delivery of human being FGF-2 to treat peripheral arterial disease and was shown to be safe and well tolerated [17]. (siamtech.net)
  • State and local public health authorities, other infectious disease experts, and CDC will reexamine currently reportable diseases, establish criteria for making a disease reportable, and explore ways to enhance rapid reporting of cases from clinical laboratories and health care practitioners. (cdc.gov)
  • The main objective was to assess the knowledge and attitudes of health workers working there on the zika virus disease in order to consider a better preparation and response to a possible epidemic in Côte d'Ivoire. (bvsalud.org)
  • In adults, the virus is usually limited to causing inflammation in the upper parts of the respiratory tract. (virology-online.com)
  • BACKGROUND: One in three adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes have at least one early diabetes-related complication or comorbidity. (cdc.gov)
  • HHV-1: The seroprevalence is approximately 80% in North American adults. (medscape.com)
  • Active replication in the throat was confirmed by the presence of viral replicative RNA intermediates in the throat samples. (nature.com)
  • Here, we present the structure of a human parechovirus 1 (HPeV-1) virion determined to a resolution of 3.1 Å. (omicsdi.org)
  • We present the first atomic structure of parechovirus HPeV-1 determined by X-ray crystallography. (omicsdi.org)
  • Murine respirovirus, formerly Sendai virus (SeV) and previously also known as murine parainfluenza virus type 1 or hemagglutinating virus of Japan (HVJ), is an enveloped, 150-200 nm-diameter, negative sense, single-stranded RNA virus of the family Paramyxoviridae. (wikipedia.org)
  • Two samples were co-infected with HRV-A and HRV-B or HRV-C. By comparative analysis of the VP4/VP2 sequences of the 66 HRVs, we showed a high diversity of strains in HRV-A and HRV-B species, and a prevalence of 51.5% of strains that belonged to the recently identified HRV-C species. (plos.org)
  • Here we report a detailed virological analysis of nine cases of COVID-19 that provides proof of active virus replication in tissues of the upper respiratory tract. (nature.com)
  • The confirmation of active virus replication in the upper respiratory tract has implications for the containment of COVID-19. (nature.com)
  • Here we provide a detailed virological analysis of nine cases, providing proof of active virus replication in upper respiratory tract tissues. (medrxiv.org)
  • Active virus replication in the upper respiratory tract puts prospects of COVID-19 containment in perspective. (medrxiv.org)
  • Tissue from the upper or lower respiratory tract, sputum samples, and samples obtained by nasopharyngeal washing, bronchoalveolar lavage, and biopsy may be submitted for viral culture. (medscape.com)
  • Infectious virus was readily isolated from samples derived from the throat or lung, but not from stool samples-in spite of high concentrations of virus RNA. (nature.com)
  • The virus is infectious for many cancer cell lines (see below), and has oncolytic properties demonstrated in animal models and in naturally-occurring cancers in animals. (wikipedia.org)
  • In Japan intranasal Sendai virus-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine was created and tested in a mouse model. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this discussion of proposed antiviral therapies that may hold some promise against SARS-CoV-2, it should be recognized that antiviral drug development against other RNA respiratory viruses has resulted in very few effective therapies. (ccjm.org)
  • Remdesivir (GS-5734) is an adenosine analog antiviral drug that inhibits viral RNA polymerase and has demonstrated in vitro activity against various viruses including Ebola, SARS-CoV, and Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV). (ccjm.org)