Clinical spinal cord. Medical search. Frequent questions

Prevention of thromboembolism in spinal cord injury (SCI) is an important clinical issue, as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) are not only common complications of acute spinal cord injury (SCI) but also major causes of morbidity and mortality. (medscape.com)
In prospective studies, the incidence of DVT following acute spinal cord injury has been reported at 18-100%, depending on the diagnostic technique used, time after injury, and concurrent risk factors. (medscape.com)
Overall incidence without prophylaxis is estimated to be 40% based on a meta-analysis of DVT in patients with acute spinal cord injury. (medscape.com)
[ 4 ] A study by Chung et al of almost 48,000 patients with spinal cord injury found the adjusted hazard ratio for DVT in these patients to be 2.46-fold higher than that of controls. (medscape.com)
Clinically apparent DVT occurs in approximately 15% of patients with acute spinal cord injury, and PE develops in approximately 5% of these patients. (medscape.com)
A study by Alabed et al found the incidence of PE after the first 3 months post-spinal cord injury, and following the cessation of prophylactic anticoagulation therapy, to be lower than during the first 3 months after the injury, measuring 1.25% (eight out of 640 patients). (medscape.com)
See also Spinal Cord Injuries , Autonomic Dysreflexia in Spinal Cord Injury , Functional Outcomes per level of Spinal Cord Injury , Heterotopic Ossification in Spinal Cord Injury , Hypercalcemia in Spinal Cord Injury , Osteoporosis and Spinal Cord Injury , Rehabilitation of Persons with Spinal Cord Injuries , and Spinal Cord Injury and Aging . (medscape.com)
Patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) have a higher risk of thromboembolic disease related to the Virchow triad (ie, venous stasis, hypercoagulability, intimal injury). (medscape.com)
Predisposing risk factors for the development of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) following spinal cord injury are found in the Virchow triad. (medscape.com)
Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation puts most families in crushing debt. (brainandspinalcord.org)
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common outpatient infection world-wide, and for people with spinal cord injury (SCI) and neurogenic bladder (NB), it is the most common infection, secondary condition, cause for emergency room visits, and infectious cause of hospitalization. (centerwatch.com)
Following traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI), one of the main concerns from cat-owners is whether their cat can recover (i.e., a "functional pet" that can walk, able to regain urinary/fecal continence). (vin.com)
For this study, we will recruit up to 16 adults with spinal cord injury who have a reduction or complete loss of sensation and/or movement in a part of the body, but who can self-transfer and push a call button in the MRI scanner. (umn.edu)
Participants with spinal cord injury will receive $100 upon completion and full participation in the study. (umn.edu)
We will look at changes in brain function after cognitive multisensory rehabilitation compared to adaptive fitness in people with spinal cord injury and look at improvement of sensation and movement. (umn.edu)
Spinal cord injury greatly impairs standing and walking ability, but both improve with locomotor training. (biomedcentral.com)
Importantly, whether concurrent treatment with transspinal stimulation and locomotor training maximizes motor recovery after spinal cord injury is unknown. (biomedcentral.com)
Forty-five individuals with chronic spinal cord injury are receiving 40 sessions of robotic gait training primed with 30 Hz transspinal stimulation at the Thoracic 10 vertebral level. (biomedcentral.com)
Help raise awareness and support spinal cord injury research and education for children like Julia. (kennedykrieger.org)
The International Center for Spinal Cord Injury currently has several studies and clinical trials seeking volunteers for both people who have paralysis and those without paralysis. (kennedykrieger.org)
20 Children between the ages or 6-16 with non-progressive incomplete spinal cord injury who are at least six months' post injury may join this study. (kennedykrieger.org)
6 adults 18 years of age or older with chronic (not worsening), traumatic (due to sudden damage or accident) incomplete spinal cord injury may join if they qualify according to the protocol. (kennedykrieger.org)
Considerable differences exist in terms of clinical complications after traumatic and nontraumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). (medscape.com)
Trauma to the spinal cord typically leads to a combination of symptoms and signs resulting from immediate and delayed injury. (medscape.com)
The cord fills the whole spinal canal at the injury level and leads to further secondary ischemia. (medscape.com)
Therefore, a sensory level to light touch may be absent unless both of these are involved (e.g., a complete injury that involves all spinal cord tracts). (emcrit.org)
A new technique in which working nerves are rerouted to paralyzed sites in patients with spinal cord injury provides patients with significant functional improvement in upper limb and hand function and is being described as "a game changer. (medscape.com)
The ability to use their hands for functions like this is what spinal cord injury patients want most - more so than being able to walk," she added. (medscape.com)
Many spinal cord injury patients still have the ability to move their shoulders, bend their elbows and expand their wrists - this means we have the nerves to these muscles at our disposal," she said. (medscape.com)
We have been doing this for peripheral nerve and brachial plexus injuries for many years, but its use in spinal cord injury only started recently, and before this publication there have only been single cases reported. (medscape.com)
I was doing a lot of brachial plexus nerve transfer surgeries and I thought it might work in spinal cord injury so we started doing it and found good results. (medscape.com)
She notes that tendon transfer is already an established technique for patients with spinal cord injury, but nerve transfer gives different benefits. (medscape.com)
The authors note that cervical spinal cord injury is a devastating, life-changing injury, which affects 250,000-500,000 people worldwide each year, with more than 50% of these injuries resulting in tetraplegia. (medscape.com)
18 months post-injury) cervical spinal cord injury of motor level C5 and below who underwent single or multiple nerve transfers in one or both upper limbs, sometimes combined with tendon transfers, for restoration of elbow extension, grasp, pinch, and hand opening. (medscape.com)
Several animal models exist to examine physiological and functional changes after the spinal cord injury with aim to explain knowledge about the spinal cord injury in human. (intechopen.com)
This chapter compares the arterial spinal cord blood supply of the frequently used species (pig, dog, cat, rabbit and rat) in experimental spinal cord injury and in human. (intechopen.com)
Spinal cord injury is associated with sustainable disability and results in loss of bladder, respiratory, cardiac, or sexual functions, and in varying degree of paralysis [ 2 ]. (intechopen.com)
Spinal cord injury (SCI) can result in paralysis of trunk muscles, which can affect sitting balance. (researchgate.net)
1 After sustaining a spinal cord injury (SCI), denervation of trunk muscles can dramatically impair seated balance control and severely limit range of stability. (researchgate.net)
Context Recovery of seated balance is a rehabilitation priority for people with motor-complete spinal cord injury (mcSCI). (researchgate.net)
Spinal cord injury (SCI) can result in full or partial paralysis, which limits mobility-producing muscular activation. (dovepress.com)
The Victorian Jockeys' Association (VJA) is backing research for a cure for spinal cord injury and have given a generous donation for the past 2 years to SpinalCure, Australia's leading funder of cure-related research for spinal cord injury. (spinalcure.org.au)
New research from the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN) at King's College London has demonstrated the safety and tolerability of a new drug treatment designed as a therapeutic intervention for spinal cord injury (SCI). (spinalcure.org.au)
Mortality and longevity studies of spinal cord injury (SCI) are essential for informing healthcare systems and policies. (karger.com)
All-cause mortality and life expectancy are key endpoint measures of individual health after a spinal cord injury (SCI). (karger.com)
Autonomic dysreflexia is a disorder of autonomic nervous system dysregulation that occurs in patients with a spinal cord injury and that can result in life-threatening hypertension. (merckmanuals.com)
It occurs in 20% to 70% of patients, 1 month to 1 year after spinal cord injury. (merckmanuals.com)
Cord injury is usually above the T6 level, with dysreflexia unlikely to occur after an injury below the T10 level. (merckmanuals.com)
Visceral or cutaneous stimulation below the level of spinal cord injury provokes reflex sympathetic activity, resulting in diffuse vasoconstriction and an increase in blood pressure (BP). (merckmanuals.com)
Autonomic dysreflexia should be suspected in a patient with a spinal cord injury above the level of T6, severe hypertension, and increased sympathetic activity, especially if provoked by distention of a hollow viscus. (merckmanuals.com)
Any stimulus that causes pain or discomfort (eg, pressure sores, ingrown toenails) in a patient without spinal cord injury may result in autonomic dysreflexia in patients with spinal cord injury. (merckmanuals.com)
Autonomic dysreflexia occurs after a spinal cord injury and can result in life-threatening hypertension. (merckmanuals.com)
Acute spinal cord injury (SCI) is a traumatic event that results in disturbances to normal sensory, motor, or autonomic function and ultimately affects a patient's physical, psychological, and social well-being. (ucc.ie)
According to the World Health Organization, every year worldwide up to 500,000 people suffer a spinal cord injury (SCI). (frontiersin.org)
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the leading causes of disability, associated with the inevitable formation of a glial scar in the post-traumatic period, which impedes the regenerative axonal growth through the lesion ( 1 - 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
While these SCI models reproduce a realistic clinical course of the spinal cord injury in humans, they have multiple drawbacks, particularly, the impossibility to induce a "therapeutic" lesion. (frontiersin.org)
People affected by spinal cord injury need information, advocacy and support more than ever right now. (spinal.co.uk)
Whether you have a spinal cord injury or know someone who's been injured - or you're a professional looking for support. (spinal.co.uk)
And you'll be joining a community of people who share a positive vision of a fulfilled life after spinal cord injury. (spinal.co.uk)
On New Year's Day in 2020, I sustained a spinal cord injury in a horrific motorcycle accident. (spinal.co.uk)
He had also sustained a spinal cord injury in a motorcycle accident, and it was so helpful to talk to someone who could relate to what I was going through and offer advice, based on his lived experience. (spinal.co.uk)
In the UK 2,500 people sustain a spinal cord injury every year. (spinal.co.uk)
Incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI) can result in profound impairments in volitional strength and reflex excitability, which contribute to loss of function. (uic.edu)
It could one day be possible to chemically reprogram and repair damaged nerves after spinal cord injury or brain trauma, a new discovery suggests. (sciencedaily.com)
This damage is currently irreparable, often leaving those who suffer spinal cord injury, stroke or brain trauma with serious impairments like loss of sensation and permanent paralysis. (sciencedaily.com)
The annual Summit brings together doctors, nurses, occupational, recreational and physical therapists, social workers, psychologists, pharmacists and researchers to learn about the latest scientific advances, treatments and therapies in spinal cord injury or disease (SCI/D), multiple sclerosis (MS) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). (prnewswire.com)
Our goal is to ensure that health care providers who work in specialty care fields such as spinal cord injury and disease have the most up-to-date information in research and best practices so they can bring that information back to their respective hospitals and immediately put it to use to improve the care of their patients. (prnewswire.com)
The Summit EXPO will be open to attendees August 30 and 31st, and will feature the latest in technology, medical devices and supplies, and other equipment to assist individuals living with spinal cord injury or disease live life to the fullest. (prnewswire.com)
Paralyzed Veterans of America is the only congressionally chartered veterans service organization dedicated solely for the benefit and representation of veterans with spinal cord injury or disease . (prnewswire.com)
thoracic spinal injury occurs in the region of the back between the neck and the pelvis often resulting in paraplegia. (salesandmarketingnetwork.com)
Cethrin is a recombinant protein drug intended to facilitate the re-growth of axons during the critical period immediately after a major injury to the spinal cord. (salesandmarketingnetwork.com)
All patients enrolled in the trial have "complete" spinal cord injuries, referred to as "ASIA A" as assessed under the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale. (salesandmarketingnetwork.com)
According to the Spinal Cord Injury Information Network, there are about 11,000 new cases of spinal cord injuries each year in the United States. (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)
As of June 2006, there were about 253,000 people living with a spinal cord injury. (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)
When a spinal cord injury occurs, there is the primary insult - the impact - which neither doctors nor patients can do anything about. (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)
In animal studies, Dr. Dietrich said, "We found that if you lowered temperature of the spinal cord after injury, we could actually improve Motor function. (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)
Dietrich says, "If you can limit those secondary injuries, you can turn a complete injury possibly into an Incomplete Injury and there you have the best chance with that Rehabilitation strategy to now regain significant walking function, sensory function and other consequences associated with spinal cord injuries. (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)
The mission of The Spinal Cord Injury Zone is to archive important Spinal Cord Injury News and Spinal Cord Injury Information for education and awareness. (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)
The Spinal Cord Injury Zone website is a not-for-profit Spinal Cord Injury educational Knowledge Base. (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)
Spinal cord injury (central) pain occurs in areas where you have lost some or all of your feeling. (kaiserpermanente.org)
Prospective longitudinal study of depression following spinal cord injury. (bvsalud.org)
Trauma is the most common cause of spinal cord injury. (medscape.com)

There are many types of childhood brain and spinal cord tumors . (vicc.org)
The tumors are formed by the abnormal growth of cells and may begin in different areas of the brain or spinal cord . (vicc.org)
This summary is about primary benign and malignant brain and spinal cord tumors. (vicc.org)
Brain and spinal cord tumors are a common type of childhood cancer. (vicc.org)
Although cancer is rare in children, brain and spinal cord tumors are the second most common type of childhood cancer , after leukemia . (vicc.org)
Metastatic tumors are formed by cancer cells that begin in other parts of the body and spread to the brain or spinal cord. (vicc.org)
Treatment of metastatic brain and spinal cord tumors is not covered in this summary. (vicc.org)
The cause of most childhood brain and spinal cord tumors is unknown. (vicc.org)
The signs and symptoms of childhood brain and spinal cord tumors are not the same in every child. (vicc.org)
Signs and symptoms may be caused by childhood brain and spinal cord tumors or by other conditions . (vicc.org)
In addition to these signs and symptoms of brain and spinal cord tumors, some children are unable to reach certain growth and development milestones such as sitting up, walking, and talking in sentences. (vicc.org)
Brain and spinal cord tumors are usually found because of signs or symptoms a person is having. (cancer.org)
MRI scans are very good for looking at the brain and spinal cord and are considered the best way to look for tumors in these areas. (cancer.org)
The surgical resection of intramedullary tumors aims at maximizing the extent of tumor resection while minimizing damage to the spinal cord parenchyma to preserve neurological function. (zeiss.com)
Surgical management of spinal intramedullary tumors: radical and safe strategy for benign tumors. (zeiss.com)
Various pathological conditions, including surgical treatments, traumatic injuries, embolism, malformations and tumors, result in severe changes in the arterial blood supply to the spinal cord [ 1 ]. (intechopen.com)
Note that every provider listed below may not perform or prescribe all treatments or procedures related to Spinal Cord Tumors. (uamshealth.com)
Tumors of the brain, spinal cord and the pituitary comprise about one hundred different entities. (lu.se)
provide an excellent local environment for interactions and collaboration between research groups and clinicians working on brain, spinal cord and pituitary tumors. (lu.se)

Although multimodal intraoperative spinal cord monitoring provides greater accuracy, transcranial electrical stimulation motor evoked potential (TcMEP) monitoring became the gold standard for intraoperative spinal cord monitoring. (thejns.org)
Transcutaneous spinal cord (transspinal) stimulation alters motoneuron excitability over multiple segments by bringing motoneurons closer to threshold, a prerequisite for effectively promoting spinal locomotor network neuromodulation and strengthening neural connectivity of the injured human spinal cord. (biomedcentral.com)
The results of this mechanistic randomized clinical trial will demonstrate that tonic transspinal stimulation strengthens corticomotoneuronal connectivity and dynamic neuromodulation through posture-dependent corticospinal and spinal neuroplasticity. (biomedcentral.com)
We anticipate that this mechanistic clinical trial will greatly impact clinical practice because, in real-world clinical settings, noninvasive transspinal stimulation can be more easily and widely implemented than invasive epidural stimulation. (biomedcentral.com)
Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation (TSCS), TSCS will be applied using an oval electrode placed midline on the skin on your child's back and two rectangular electrodes placed on the skin over your child's lower abdomen. (kennedykrieger.org)
This most recent advance is now leading a renewed interest in the possibility of using special electrode arrays in the delivery of electrical stimulation to the spinal cord. (clinicalgate.com)
REDWOOD CITY, Calif. , Sept. 18, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- Nevro Corp. (NYSE: NVRO), a global medical device company that is delivering comprehensive, life-changing solutions for the treatment of chronic pain, today announced the publication of new data validating the health economic benefits of 10 kHz Therapy™, Nevro's proprietary high-frequency,10 kHz spinal cord stimulation (SCS) therapy. (wate.com)
A patient with refractory essential tremor of the hands and head/neck refused deep brain stimulation and requested consideration for spinal cord stimulation (SCS). (bmj.com)
Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) was commonly used for the treatment of motor disorders in the 1980s with reasonable efficacy. (bmj.com)
He is specialized in all modalities of spinal cord stimulation including the latest waveforms and technologies. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
He has introduced numerous new pain treatment modalities to The Johns Hopkins Health System, including minimally invasive lumbar decompression, indirect decompression device/interspinous spacers, temporary peripheral nerve stimulation, 'wireless' spinal cord and peripheral nerve stimulation, restorative neurostimulation, and multiple other neuromodulation and minimally invasive spine advancements. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
His lab is particularly interested in the use of targeted electrical stimulation (e.g., spinal cord stimulation) for painful chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) and cancer-related pain. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Patients with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy of the lower extremities can experience significant reductions in pain symptoms over the longer term with spinal-cord stimulation (SCS), new results from a 5-year prospective study indicate. (medscape.com)
They have terrible pain, especially at night, and when spinal-cord stimulation is successful that is reduced to almost zero. (medscape.com)

A new device is currently undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of stroke and other brain injuries. (brainandspinalcord.org)
Spinal cord injuries (SCIs) can have catastrophic effects on individuals resulting in loss of physical abilities and independence. (dovepress.com)
Fracture dislocations of the thoracic and lumbar spine comprise less than 3% of all spinal injuries 5 . (hpathy.com)
There is a bimodal age distribution among patients with spinal cord injuries: the first peak occurs in patients between 15 and 24 years, and the second in patients over 55 years of age 10, 11 . (hpathy.com)
Injuries to the spine include the bone (vertebrae), soft tissue and the spinal cord itself. (hpathy.com)
Background The objectives of this research were to determine the savings of loss-of-life expectancy (LE) and lifetime medical costs (LMC) from prevention of spinal cord injuries (SCI) in Taiwan. (bmj.com)
A new treatment for spinal cord injuries is under study at the Miami Project to Cure Paralysis. (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)

Your spinal cord is a bundle of nerves that runs down the middle of your back. (medlineplus.gov)
The spinal cord connects the brain with nerves in most parts of the body. (vicc.org)
Spinal cord nerves carry messages between the brain and the rest of the body, such as a message from the brain to cause muscles to move or a message from the skin to the brain to feel touch. (vicc.org)
Spinal nerves and corresponding sensory dermatomes are shown above. (emcrit.org)
Nerves to the cervical cord are located closest to the middle of the cord, whereas nerves to the sacrum are located farthest towards the edges of the spinal cord. (emcrit.org)
Autonomic nerves run within the grey matter, near the center of the cord. (emcrit.org)
The nerve roots then merge into bilaterally symmetrical pairs of spinal nerves. (wikipedia.org)
The peripheral nervous system is made up of these spinal roots, nerves, and ganglia. (wikipedia.org)
If damage occurs in the peripheral nervous system, which controls areas outside of the brain and spinal cord, about 30% of the nerves grow back and there is often recovery of movement and function. (sciencedaily.com)
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a rapidly progressive, fatal neurological disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, causing nerves in the muscle to die, thereby affecting voluntary muscle movement. (cdc.gov)
The spinal nerves consist of the sensory nerve roots, which enter the spinal cord at each level, and the motor roots, which emerge from the cord at each level. (medscape.com)
The spinal nerves are named and numbered according to the site of their emergence from the vertebral canal. (medscape.com)

The seemingly simple tasks of standing and walking require continuous integration of complex spinal reflex circuits between descending motor commands and ascending sensory inputs. (biomedcentral.com)
The images below depict sensory pathways in the spinal cord and vascular anatomy of the spinal cord in the axial plane. (medscape.com)
Simplified representation of course of major sensory pathways in the spinal cord. (medscape.com)
Weakness and sensory loss (for all primary sensory modalities) are found at the spinal cord segmental levels of the spinal cord infarct. (medscape.com)
Evaluating for a sensory level using a pin to detect pain sensation is more sensitive to detect a spinal level originating from a lesion in the spinothalamic tract. (emcrit.org)
Patients with partial cord involvement may fail to display a sensory level. (emcrit.org)
The spinal cord functions primarily in the transmission of nerve signals from the motor cortex to the body, and from the afferent fibers of the sensory neurons to the sensory cortex. (wikipedia.org)
In cross-section, the peripheral region of the cord contains neuronal white matter tracts containing sensory and motor axons. (wikipedia.org)
Grey matter is found within the medial portion of the spinal cord and has two dorsal or posterior horns that contain cell bodies of sensory neurons and two ventral or anterior horns that contain cell bodies of motor neurons. (osmosis.org)
For this to happen, a first order neuron, found inside a dorsal root ganglion carries sensory input from the skin to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord , where it synapses with the second order neuron. (osmosis.org)
Depending on its pathogenesis, spinal cord disease can manifest with variable impairment of motor, sensory, or autonomic function. (medscape.com)

If you have an accident that damages the vertebrae or other parts of the spine, this can also injure the spinal cord. (medlineplus.gov)
The spinal cord and membranes are surrounded by the vertebrae (back bones). (vicc.org)
Note that the spinal cord level doesn't line up precisely with the corresponding vertebrae, especially caudal to the thoracic spine. (emcrit.org)
In humans, the spinal cord is a continuation of the brainstem and anatomically begins at the occipital bone, passing out of the foramen magnum and then enters the spinal canal at the beginning of the cervical vertebrae. (wikipedia.org)
The spinal cord extends down to between the first and second lumbar vertebrae, where it tapers to become the caudal equina. (wikipedia.org)
They presented with symptoms and signs due to cord compression at the lower thoracic and lumbar vertebrae. (who.int)
Their Th12-L1 vertebrae with the injured spinal cord region were removed "e n bloc " for histological examination. (frontiersin.org)
The spinal cord is located inside the vertebral canal, which is formed by the foramina of 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, and 5 sacral vertebrae, which together form the spine. (medscape.com)
The spinal cord extends from the foramen magnum down to the level of the first and second lumbar vertebrae (at birth, down to second and third lumbar vertebrae). (medscape.com)

Traumatic animals in shock should be treated prior to assess spinal cord function. (vin.com)
We have developed an original model of post-traumatic spinal cord glial scarring in rats through cryoapplication. (frontiersin.org)

For specific nontraumatic neurologic diseases that affect the spinal cord, see Multiple Sclerosis , Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis , and other articles listed in Differentials. (medscape.com)

Spinal cord disease can result from diverse pathologic processes including trauma . (medscape.com)
Because many critical organs and structures are at risk from neck trauma, clinical manifestations can vary greatly. (medscape.com)
The most likely cause of a spinal compression fracture in those without osteoporosis is severe trauma, such as from an automobile accident or a fall from a great height 3 . (hpathy.com)

ABSTRACT Schistosomiasis of the spinal cord is an uncommon but potentially curable form of schistosomiasis, if diagnosed and managed early. (who.int)

The order of the items has been modified to group similar items (see http://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/spirit-2013-statement-defining-standard-protocol-items-for-clinical-trials/ ). (biomedcentral.com)
Our neurosurgeons perform research, multiple clinical trials and are the leaders for simple and complex surgeries not available at other centers in Arkansas. (uamshealth.com)
Advances in cellular regeneration and technical approaches to spinal cord repair are on the verge of being translated into clinical trials. (nature.com)
Understanding of pathogenic mechanisms and clinical features of NAFLD is driving progress in therapeutic strategies now in clinical trials. (nature.com)
The precise link between macrophages and cardiovascular disease is emerging from mouse studies and clinical trials, providing new therapeutic avenues. (nature.com)
If this is successful, then there could be a move towards developing a drug and running clinical trials with people. (sciencedaily.com)
A seamless interaction between preclinical researchers at all levels with clinically active oncologist, neurologists neuroradiologist and neurosurgeons directs the basic scientific preclinical work and facilitate implementing the results from basic research into clinical trials. (lu.se)
facilitate implementing results from basic research into clinical trials. (lu.se)

A childhood brain or spinal cord tumor is a disease in which abnormal cells form in the tissues of the brain or spinal cord. (vicc.org)
Together, the brain and spinal cord make up the central nervous system (CNS). (vicc.org)
The brain stem connects the brain to the spinal cord. (vicc.org)
The skull and meninges protect the brain and spinal cord (left panel). (vicc.org)
The spinal cord is a column of nerve tissue that runs from the brain stem down the center of the back. (vicc.org)
Where the tumor forms in the brain or spinal cord. (vicc.org)
Thus, locomotor training alone cannot fully optimize the neuronal plasticity required to strengthen the synapses connecting the brain, spinal cord, and local circuits and potentiate neuronal activity based on need. (biomedcentral.com)
If signs or symptoms suggest you might have a brain or spinal cord tumor, your doctor will ask about your medical history, focusing on your symptoms and when they began. (cancer.org)
The doctor will also check your brain and spinal cord function by testing things like your reflexes, muscle strength, vision, eye and mouth movement, coordination, balance, and alertness. (cancer.org)
These tests use x-rays, strong magnets, or radioactive substances to create pictures of the brain and spinal cord. (cancer.org)
The spinal cord is the main pathway for information connecting the brain and peripheral nervous system. (wikipedia.org)
The spinal cord (and brain) are protected by three layers of tissue or membranes called meninges, that surround the canal. (wikipedia.org)
The presence of spinal cord lesions - alone or with brain lesions - on MRI scans was associated with a higher risk of clinical relapse for multiple sclerosis (MS) patients over those with just brain lesions, according to a recent study. (abilitytoday.com)
Spinal and brain lesions together were also predictive of disability progression. (abilitytoday.com)
The spinal cord is a delicate and complex structure that runs from the brain down the center of the back. (osmosis.org)
It protects those axons running up and down the spinal cord, which is extremely important in having the brain talk to your muscles and vice versa," Dr. Dietrich said. (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)
Normal voiding is essentially a spinal reflex modulated by the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord), which coordinates function of the bladder and urethra. (medscape.com)
The central nervous system is composed of the brain, brain stem, and the spinal cord. (medscape.com)
The signal transmitted by the brain is routed through 2 intermediate segments (the brainstem and the sacral spinal cord) prior to reaching the bladder. (medscape.com)

Introduction: Metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC) is usually an oncological emergency and a well-recognized complication of cancer. (researchbib.com)
These five types of malignancy, in addition to sarcomas and renal cancers account for about 70% of cases of metastatic epidural spinal cord compression. (researchbib.com)

The spinal cord is a long, thin, tubular structure made up of nervous tissue that extends from the medulla oblongata in the brainstem to the lumbar region of the vertebral column (backbone) of vertebrate animals. (wikipedia.org)
The diameter of the spinal cord ranges from 13 mm (1⁄2 in) in the cervical and lumbar regions to 6.4 mm (1⁄4 in) in the thoracic area. (wikipedia.org)
Much shorter than its protecting spinal column, the human spinal cord originates in the brainstem, passes through the foramen magnum, and continues through to the conus medullaris near the second lumbar vertebra before terminating in a fibrous extension known as the filum terminale. (wikipedia.org)
The spinal cord is continuous with the caudal portion of the medulla, running from the base of the skull to the body of the first lumbar vertebra. (wikipedia.org)
The subarachnoid space contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which can be sampled with a lumbar puncture, or "spinal tap" procedure. (wikipedia.org)
A significant original observation was made in 1903 when Froin demonstrated that after a lumbar puncture, xanthochromatic changes within the CSF, and its massive coagulation, pointed to spinal compression (1) . (ajnr.org)
In the first version, one of Sicard's pupils injected lipiodol into the lumbar muscles and, when he drew back the plunger of the syringe, noticed to his horror that he was withdrawing spinal fluid. (ajnr.org)
The lumbar and sacral portions of the cord have 5 segments each. (medscape.com)
The cauda equina (Latin for horse tail) is the collection of lumbar and sacral spinal nerve roots that travel caudally prior to exiting at their respective intervertebral foramina. (medscape.com)

Spinal cord infarction is usually marked by an acute onset, often heralded by sudden and severe spinal (back) pain, which may radiate caudad. (medscape.com)
The spinal cord stroke, either ischemic or hemorrhagic, has an acute and often apoplectic onset evolving over minutes. (medscape.com)
This is emphasized because many of the confounding diagnoses, including acute transverse myelopathy, viral myelitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and mass lesions in the spinal canal, develop over 24-72 hours with an acute but discernibly slower evolution than the vascular lesions. (medscape.com)
heed this warning by considering infectious origins of a spinal cord syndrome, particularly acute bacterial meningitis, and focal extramedullary spinal lesions (eg, epidural and subdural abscess, granuloma) and viral myelitis due to herpes simplex, varicella-zoster, and other viruses. (medscape.com)
In the acute stage (usually for several days),"spinal shock" with flaccid muscle tone and areflexia, including absent Babinski reflexes, is observed commonly. (medscape.com)
Clinical measures of strength, spasticity/spasms, and walking ability were assessed in 12 individuals with chronic incomplete SCI following acute administration of either 8 mg cyproheptadine, a 5-HT antagonist, or 10 mg escitalopram, a selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), in a double-blinded, randomized, crossover fashion. (uic.edu)

The syndrome depends on the level of the cord lesion and may vary from mild or moderate and even reversible leg weakness to quadriplegia. (medscape.com)
Neurologic dysfunction usually (ie, in approximately 95% of reported cases) stems from a lesion located in the anterior two thirds (or in the central "watershed") of the spinal cord and spares vibration and position sense perception, which are carried by the posterior columns and are relatively spared. (medscape.com)
Motor weakness may be used to evaluate the level of a spinal lesion that involves the corticospinal tract. (emcrit.org)
Thus, a central spinal cord lesion may cause neurologic deficits in a descending order. (emcrit.org)
An SCI results in a complex series of events that include a lesion within the spinal cord, glial scarring around the lesion, release of chemicals that inhibit axonal growth in the damaged area, and axonal demyelination of nearby but initially unaffected neurons. (dovepress.com)
However, if the spinal cord is injured, the parasympathetic response cannot travel below the spinal cord lesion, and continued vasoconstriction then leads to continued injurious hypertension. (merckmanuals.com)
Clinicians should suspect autonomic dysreflexia if patients have a T6 or higher spinal cord lesion and report headache. (merckmanuals.com)
Our data demonstrate that cryoapplication producing a topical cooling around−20°C, caused a highly standardized transmural lesion of the spinal cord in the dorsoventral direction. (frontiersin.org)
Also, histological findings, lesion size, and postoperative clinical course varied only slightly between different animals. (frontiersin.org)

MRI of the spine showed a spinal cord compression due to bone and epidural tumoral lesions of the posterior wall of the D1 to D5 thoracic vertebras ( Figure 1 ). (scirp.org)

The center of the spinal cord is hollow and contains a structure called central canal, which contains cerebrospinal fluid. (wikipedia.org)
Material and Methods: Prospective descriptive cross sectional study to assess prognostic factors and clinical outcome of malignant spinal compression among patients attending Suez Canal university hospital in period from 2016 to 2017. (researchbib.com)
Ten years later, Pierre Marie, Foix, and Robert pointed out the value of serial punctures at different levels of the spinal canal. (ajnr.org)
Segmental pain may be treated by injecting an anesthetic medicine into the space between the wall of the spinal canal and the covering of the spinal cord . (kaiserpermanente.org)

Today, in well-organized spinal cord centers, 94% of patients survive the initial hospitalization. (medscape.com)
This guideline has been approved by the Trust's Clinical Guidelines Assessment Panel as an aid to the diagnosis and management of relevant patients and clinical circumstances. (nnuh.nhs.uk)
Earlier this year, the StemCells Inc. completed enrollment in an open-label Phase I/II clinical trial in thoracic SCI using its proprietary HuCNS-SC® platform of human neural stem cells to treat 8 patients. (spinalcure.org.au)
This paper describes the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and management of schistosomiasis of the spinal cord in 5 patients attending Shaab and Ibn Khuldoun Hospitals, Khartoum from 1997 to 2007. (who.int)
Le présent article décrit les manifestations cliniques, le diagnostic et la prise en charge de la schistosomiase médullaire chez cinq patients admis dans les hôpitaux Shaab et Ibn Khaldoun de Khartoum entre 1997 et 2007. (who.int)
The findings support the routine use of spinal cord MRI for monitoring patients and making therapeutic choices, the researchers said. (abilitytoday.com)
The trial of almost 50 patients implanted with a spinal-cord stimulator showed that 55% of patients met the criteria for "treatment success" in terms of reducing pain at 5 years and that 80% were still using their device at this time point. (medscape.com)

Monitoring MS with spinal cord MRI may allow a more accurate risk stratification and individual treatment optimization," they wrote in "The added value of spinal cord lesions to disability accrual in multiple sclerosis" which was published in the Journal of Neurology. (abilitytoday.com)

Egypt spinal cord compression. (researchbib.com)
Breast cancer was the most incident (27%) to cause spinal cord compression. (researchbib.com)
We report a rare case of adult Langerhans cell histiocytosis in the dorsal spine causing a spinal cord compression associated with a pulmonary process treated by surgery, radiotherapy and systemic therapy with good evolution. (scirp.org)
Final diagnosis was therefore Langerhans cell histiocytosis of the dorsal spine complicated by spinal cord compression. (scirp.org)

Basic clinical descriptions of common patterns of spinal cord involvement are related to essential aspects of spinal cord anatomy. (medscape.com)

The first step towards diagnosis and therapy is recognizing that the patient has some sort of spinal cord pathology. (emcrit.org)
The appropriate therapy for neurogenic bladder and a successful treatment outcome are predicated upon an accurate diagnosis through a careful medical and voiding history, together with a variety of clinical examinations, including urodynamics and selective radiographic imaging studies. (medscape.com)
Surveillance case definitions are not intended to be used by healthcare providers for making a clinical diagnosis or determining how to meet an individual patient's health needs. (cdc.gov)

With this method the low-temperature liquid nitrogen is used for the cryodestruction of the spinal cord tissue. (frontiersin.org)
Also, if you looked at the pathology of the spinal cord, there was preserved tissue. (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)

This review focuses on the clinical description of common patterns of spinal cord involvement. (medscape.com)

Improved Assessment of Longitudinal Spinal Cord Atrophy in Multiple Sclerosis Using a Registration-Based Approach: Relevance for Clinical Studies. (bvsalud.org)
Reliable measurements of cervical cord atrophy progression may be useful for monitoring neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS). (bvsalud.org)

Many reports exist, and these are usually of single or a few cases of spinal cord infarction occurring in context of and classed as complications of surgical procedures in which hypotension and prolonged positioning (eg, seated neurosurgical approaches, hyperlordosis) may be prominent factors. (medscape.com)

Thus, diseases affecting the anterior horn of the spinal cord cause flaccid paralysis. (emcrit.org)
Whereas by the end of the 19th century the pathways and function of the spinal cord were largely known, only at the beginning of the 20th century were invasive tests developed to localize spinal cord diseases. (ajnr.org)

The secondary neuron then ascends up the length of the spinal cord via the spinothalamic tracts , and eventually synapse with a 3rd order neuron located in the ventral posterior nucleus of the thalamus . (osmosis.org)

Identifying the cause of spinal cord infarction according to clues related to the location of the vascular pathology is generally attempted. (medscape.com)
The pathology may involve the aorta or an intervening arterial feeder (eg, thoracic, intercostal, or cervical branch from subclavian or vertebral artery), or the radicular artery may affect the anterior spinal artery and intrinsic arterial vessels within the spinal cord. (medscape.com)

At baseline and after completion of all therapeutic sessions, neurophysiological recordings registering corticospinal and spinal neural excitability changes along with clinical assessment measures of standing and walking, and autonomic function via questionnaires regarding bowel, bladder, and sexual function are taken. (biomedcentral.com)
Preventive and therapeutic laquinimod treatment reduced clinical signs, inflammation, and demyelination. (nih.gov)

In general, any SCI patient presented with paraplegia/tetraplegia without deep pain perception (DPP), the prognosis for functional recovery is guarded as the "spinal cord function" is completely blocked or transected at the injured site. (vin.com)
Here we conducted combined cortico-spinal functional MRI during a simple visually guided isometric force generation task in a group of 20 healthy young subjects. (biorxiv.org)
The spinal cord lesion's detailed functional morphology is described at different time points (1-60 days) after the produced cryoinjury. (frontiersin.org)

Lhermitte's sign (an electric-shock sensation elicited by neck flexion that runs down the spine and sometimes into the limbs) suggests involvement of the posterior columns of the cervical spinal cord. (emcrit.org)

The cord showed demyelination near the ova and an associated inflammatory reaction. (who.int)

A complete understanding of the anatomy of the arterial blood supply to the spinal cord is critical for the anatomists and clinicians to determinate the advantages and disadvantages of each animal model for next studies. (intechopen.com)
This review focuses on spinal cord anatomy. (medscape.com)

The proposed method of cryoapplication for inducing reproducible glial scars could facilitate a better understanding of the self-recovery processes in the damaged spinal cord. (frontiersin.org)

Spinal cord disease results from multiple diverse pathologic processes. (medscape.com)

Pattern of arterial supply to spinal cord and (left) territories of the anterior and posterior spinal arteries. (medscape.com)

Outcomes were recorded at follow-ups (1, 3, 6, 12, 23 months postimplant) and included patient self-reported changes, clinical observations, handwriting assessments and The Essential Tremor Rating Assessment Scale scores. (bmj.com)

These symptoms can occur around the spinal cord, and also in other areas such as your arms and legs. (medlineplus.gov)

Three major tracts run through the spinal cord, as shown below. (emcrit.org)

Additionally, by applying multiple interventions to accelerate motor recovery, we are employing a treatment regimen that reflects a true clinical approach. (biomedcentral.com)
The knowledge of the arterial blood supply to the spinal cord is very important in planning the procedures of the spinal cord treatment as well as in animal experiments. (intechopen.com)
Not every patient or situation fits neatly into a standard guideline scenario and the guideline must be interpreted and applied in practice in the light of prevailing clinical circumstances, the diagnostic and treatment options available and the professional judgement, knowledge and expertise of relevant clinicians. (nnuh.nhs.uk)
Based upon the strength of the interim data from this study, the Company made the decision to move forward with the first in human clinical trial to assess the efficacy of stem cell transplants for the treatment of cervical SCI. (spinalcure.org.au)
Consequently, our collective research efforts within the LUCC network are aimed at unraveling mechanisms of resistance to treatment and in improving current clinical regimens as well as in the development of novel effective treatments. (lu.se)

The cell body (ie, soma) is in the anterior horn within the cord parenchyma. (medscape.com)

Loss of autoregulation and spinal shock cause systemic hypotension and exacerbate ischemia. (medscape.com)
Hypoperfusion of gray matter extends to the surrounding white matter and alters the propagation of action potentials along the axons, contributing to spinal shock. (medscape.com)

Ventral roots consist of efferent fibers that arise from motor neurons whose cell bodies are found in the ventral (or anterior) gray horns of the spinal cord. (wikipedia.org)
And that neuron ascends 1-2 vertebral levels and decussates or crosses to the opposite side of the spinal cord via an area of white matter called the anterior white commissure. (osmosis.org)

However, in the presence of HIV infection it is critically important to assess the clinical and bacteriologic response. (cdc.gov)

Paralyzed Veterans of America established the Advocacy/Clinical Excellence Awards in 2013 to recognize clinicians for providing exceptional professional achievement, contributions and advocacy for SCI/D, MS and ALS health care. (prnewswire.com)

Anatomy71

Organisms9

Diseases63

Chemicals and Drugs38

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment40

Psychiatry and Psychology8

Phenomena and Processes34

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Health Care3

Injury82

Tumors19

Stimulation14

Injuries7

Nerves12

Sensory11

Vertebrae9

Traumatic2

Amyotrophic lateral s1

Trauma3

ABSTRACT1

Trials8

Brain19

Metastatic2

Lumbar9

Acute6

Lesion9

Epidural1

Canal4

Patients7

Lesions1

Compression4

Aspects of spinal1

Diagnosis3

Tissue2

Patterns of spinal1

Multiple Sclerosis2

Cases of spinal1

Diseases2

Spinothalamic tracts1

Pathology2

Therapeutic2

Functional3

Spine1

Demyelination1

Anatomy2

Glial1

Diverse pathologic processes1

Posterior1

Assessments1

Occur1

Tracts1

Treatment5

Parenchyma1

Shock2

Anterior2

Assess1

Clinicians1