Climate model dust. Medical search. Frequent questions

Spectroscopy Soil dust aerosols are mixtures of different minerals, whose relative abundances, particle size distribution (PSD), shape, surface topography and mixing state influence their effect upon climate. (bsc.es)
However, Earth System Models typically assume that dust aerosols have a globally uniform composition, neglecting the known regional variations in the mineralogy of thesources. (bsc.es)
Short-lived climate forcers (SLCFs) like methane, ozone and aerosols have a shorter atmospheric lifetime than CO 2 and are often assumed to have a short-term effect on the climate system: should their emissions cease, so would their radiative forcing (RF). (nature.com)
I am interested on understanding atmospheric aerosols and traces gases, from the physical and chemical processes affecting them, to their effects upon weather, climate, ocean biogeochemistry, air quality and health. (bsc.es)
Dust is part of the family of aerosols-suspended particles or molecules in the air-which includes water vapor and soot from coal combustion. (ieee.org)
This ensemble samples model structural variability (vertical resolution, model top, interactive composition) and some aspects of forcing uncertainty (notably for aerosols and ozone), as well as the initial-condition ('weather') variability we are used to seeing. (realclimate.org)
CALIPSO, short for "Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation," uses a laser range finder or lidar to scan Earth's atmosphere for the vertical distribution of dust and other aerosols. (nasa.gov)
While the majority of research related to aerosol impacts on climate is focused on anthropogenic aerosols (those directly emitted by humans through combustion), Mahowald said, the study highlights the important role of natural aerosols as well. (sciencedaily.com)
Mineral dust aerosols impart a direct radiative forcing on Earth's climate system that can manifest itself as changes in the local and large-scale circulation. (confex.com)
Airborne dust aerosols impact the Earth in a myriad of ways," he explained. (mtu.edu)
One of the biggest uncertainties in the climate system comes from aerosols, and dust aerosols are both important aerosols for climate change, and desert dust can change in response to climate change. (cornell.edu)
These aerosols - or dust - can be small or big, they can be lighter or darker, as all these different things are spatially heterogeneous," she said. (cornell.edu)
We'll have better estimates of the dust composition and radiative forcing, to know whether these dust aerosols are warming or cooling our atmosphere. (cornell.edu)
Understanding how the properties of aerosols in the Earth's atmosphere vary in both space and time is of great importance owing to their influence on global climate, precipitation, visibility and human health. (ucdavis.edu)
Welcome to dive into research discussions in the nexus of land-use, aerosols, climate, health and nature-based solutions! (lu.se)
LTHs Profile Area: Aerosols is an area working towards the shift to a sustainable society, the goals are to promote clean air, improve climate predictions and enable sustainable solutions. (lu.se)

Giant dust storms in the Gulf of Alaska can last for many days and send tonnes of fine sediment or silt into the atmosphere, and it is having an impact on the global climate system, say scientists. (leeds.ac.uk)
Previous research has focused on dust particles whipped up into the atmosphere from storms in the Sahara and across Africa and Asia, all of which are at mid to low latitudes and involve dust generated from desert environments. (leeds.ac.uk)
During the investigation, Sarah Barr and Bethany Wyld, doctoral researchers in the School of Earth and Environment at Leeds, collected samples during dust storms. (leeds.ac.uk)
Any parts of the world which have an ample supply of soil dust particles, dry conditions, and strong winds are susceptible to dust storms. (theconversation.com)
However, many of the world's largest dust hotspots are in sparsely inhabited regions such as the Sahara, so some of the worst impacts of dust storms are less frequently experienced by humans. (theconversation.com)
So what can we expect from the future in terms of dust storms? (theconversation.com)
Climate models are a valuable tool for forecasting dust storms and how they will affect us in the future. (theconversation.com)
It might be expected that, in a warmer future with more drought conditions, we would experience more dust storms. (theconversation.com)
However, the environmental conditions that drive dust storms must be considered in combination. (theconversation.com)
Dust storms may return to skylines in the southern Great Plains in future. (theconversation.com)
After obtaining an AXA Chair on Sand and Dust Storms, I re-joined BSC as Head of the Atmospheric Composition Group, AXA Professor on Sand and Dust Storms and Ramon y Cajal Fellow in 2016. (bsc.es)
A U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) scientist and his research partners have combined models of wind erosion and regional climate patterns to simulate the sources and dispersion of particulate matter-such as tiny bits of soil and other substances-blowing in dust storms around Mexico City. (usda.gov)
The researchers collected field data on four dust storms around Mexico City during the dry season. (usda.gov)
The team found that the simulated rates produced by MCCM-WEPS generally aligned with the PM10 erosion rates that had been measured from the dust storms and accurately simulated the PM10 dispersion down wind. (usda.gov)
Dust storms aren't unusual in these areas, but they typically occur in the spring and at a smaller scale. (salon.com)
June and July are the peak months for Saharan dust storms that affect the tropical Atlantic. (nakedcapitalism.com)
What's interesting is that even though the model did not perfectly duplicate all 27 storms from that very active 2005 hurricane season, it does show 23 storms during that same period. (nasa.gov)
Considering this was an anomalous year, the model did a good job of simulating the large number of storms for that season. (nasa.gov)
Positive feedbacks between dust lifting, radiative heating, and circulation strength and surface winds give rise to rapid increases in dust lifting that produce dust storms. (open.ac.uk)
Global storms, which last several Earth months and occur three times per Mars decade on average, have the greatest impact on climate: strengthening the global circulation, modifying atmospheric waves, and transporting more dust and water vapor to high altitudes. (open.ac.uk)
Improved observations of dust lifting, boundary layer processes, and ice nucleation on dust particles, plus greater understanding of the role of surface dust availability and dust-ice coupling, are needed to better represent major storms in Mars climate models. (open.ac.uk)
Monitoring the evolution of dust storms continuously and simultaneously at global scale from orbit is required to better understand the processes and feedbacks responsible for their growth and decay. (open.ac.uk)
Mont Blanc, in the European Alps, shows traces of dust five months after the dust storms. (springernature.app)
This study develops a framework for spatiotemporal modeling of dust storm source susceptibility in a critical case study, the Tigris-Euphrates River Basin, as a significant source of dust storms in the Middle East. (lu.se)
In all study periods, as well as in the ensemble model (integrating the results of four study periods into one overall model), high susceptibility to dust storms was detected in areas where lakes and marshlands had dried up due to climate factors, inappropriate water management strategies, and land use policies. (lu.se)
and modeling water resources quantity and quality as well as spatial and temporal modeling of natural hazards such as landslides, dust storms, and floods with interdisciplinary approaches with a focus on the Middle East. (lu.se)
The Regional Committee for the Eastern Mediterranean drew attention to the problems of air pollution and climate change in the Region, including the challenges of dust storms and deforestation, and asked for guidance from the Secretariat on managing and monitoring the health impacts and on developing relevant public policy. (who.int)
Some of the highest ambient air pollution levels are detected in WHO's Eastern Mediterranean Region with as much as 50% of this pollution coming from natural sources, such as dust storms. (who.int)

Of course there is also natural variability in climate to consider, but the effects from human activities do now seem to be stronger than natural variability. (natureasia.com)
The Martian dust cycle is the primary driver of atmospheric and surface variability in the arid, low-surface pressure climate of present-day Mars. (open.ac.uk)
Climate variability is expected to increase under future warming, but the effect of climate variability on the Greenland Ice Sheet volume is poorly understood and is adding to the uncertainty of. (researchgate.net)
Understanding dust variability and its response to climate is key to reducing the uncertainty of future climate projections. (mtu.edu)
That includes dust source locations and properties, dust variability and trends at different timescales - and all the governing factors and processes. (mtu.edu)
Satellite remote sensing, a major source of information to study global dust variability, lacked the specifics Xi needed. (mtu.edu)
They also lack the data record length required to study variability over multiple decades in response to long-term climate change. (mtu.edu)
Xi used the dataset to characterize dust variability and climate connections around the world. (mtu.edu)
These findings, which have substantial implications for directing surveil- model that predicts the probability, based on environmen- lance activities and health policy, provide a basis for moni- tal information, of an area experiencing an epidemic of toring the impact of climate variability and environmental meningitis. (cdc.gov)
Broadly speaking her research focuses on livelihoods in relation to land change processes and climate variability/change - hence often falling in the overlapping areas of this figure. (lu.se)

The Paris Climate Agreement calls for a 45 percent reduction in emissions by 2030, and net-zero by 2050. (azocleantech.com)
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) states emissions must peak within the next three years to avoid exceeding the 1.5 o C threshold. (azocleantech.com)
A new IPCC report Mitigation of Climate Change has made it clear that despite pledges, not enough is being done, with only 18 countries managing to sustain emissions reductions since at least 2005. (azocleantech.com)
Huge quantities of dust are emitted from places like the Copper River, and we need to understand these emissions to improve our climate models. (leeds.ac.uk)
Here, we use a compact Earth system model to attribute CO 2 RF to direct CO 2 emissions and to climate-carbon feedbacks since the pre-industrial era. (nature.com)
This study illustrates the long-term impact that short-lived species have on climate and indicates that past (and future) change in atmospheric CO 2 cannot be attributed only to CO 2 emissions. (nature.com)
For example, one study actually predicts a decrease in African dust emissions throughout the 21st century due to a slowdown of tropical circulation and therefore surface winds, which drive the dust uplift. (theconversation.com)
The first model was the Wind Erosion Prediction System (WEPS), which was developed by ARS scientists to simulate rates of soil loss, PM10 emissions and other data for specific erosion events. (usda.gov)
In a recent study carried out with a size resolving dust module included in the Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS-5) Earth system model, we found that dust radiative forcing enhanced dust emissions by increasing surface wind speeds. (confex.com)
We explore the impact of a better representation of these particles in our model on the dust longwave forcing and feedback on dust emissions and transport. (confex.com)
According to scientific estimates, global annual dust emissions can range from 1 to 5 billion tons, shifting each year according to climate. (mtu.edu)
BECC brings together more than 350 scientists from the natural and social sciences to perform research on the combined consequences of anthropogenic emissions, climate and land-use changes on biodiversity and ecosystem services on multiple scales, to provide a scientific basis for the sustainable management of ecosystems and biodiversity. (lu.se)

Soil dust aerosol is an important factor of the climatic system. (mpg.de)
Dust reflects and absorbs incident shortwave radiation, and can have significant longwave forcing owing to the large sizes of dust particles compared to other aerosol species. (confex.com)
Dust aerosol is not all bad, noted Xi. (mtu.edu)
For human settlements located downwind, dust aerosol is a major safety and health hazard, with elevated concentrations of particulate matter and dust-borne pathogens," said Xi. (mtu.edu)

This simulation, produced by the CCSM, provides new knowledge about Earth's climate. (nsf.gov)
The CESM is one of about a dozen climate models worldwide that can be used to simulate the many components of Earth's climate system, including the oceans, atmosphere, sea ice, and land cover. (nsf.gov)
Climate scientists rely on computer models to better understand Earth's climate system because they cannot conduct large-scale experiments on the atmosphere itself. (nsf.gov)
The new model enables scientists to gain a broader picture of Earth's climate system by incorporating more influences. (nsf.gov)
The fine dust may have lingered in the atmosphere up to 15 years after the impact, causing a global cooling of the Earth's surface of up to 15 degrees Celsius. (naturalsciences.be)
Cem Berk Senel (ROB), the lead author, describes: 'The new paleoclimate simulations show that such a plume of micrometric silicate dust could have remained in the atmosphere for up to 15 years after the event , contributing to global cooling of the Earth's surface by as much as 15 °C in the initial aftermath of the impact. (naturalsciences.be)
NASA's Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation (EMIT) mission, set for launch in June 2022, aims to deepen researchers' understanding of these fine particles of soil, silt, and clay from Earth's deserts and, ultimately, how they affect our planet's climate. (scitechdaily.com)
Using image spectrometer technology developed at JPL , EMIT will map the surface composition of minerals in Earth's dust-producing regions, helping climate scientists better understand the impact of airborne dust particles in heating and cooling Earth's atmosphere. (scitechdaily.com)
Different kinds of dust have different properties - they're acidic, they're basic, they're light-colored, they're dark - that determine how the particles interact with Earth's atmosphere, as well as its land, water, and organisms," said Robert O. Green, EMIT's principal investigator and a longtime researcher at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California. (scitechdaily.com)
Dust suspended in the air can heat or cool the atmosphere and Earth's surface. (scitechdaily.com)
EMIT will focus on how the dust from some of Earth's arid landscapes is carried on winds across the globe, adding to the planet's overall climate system in ways not yet fully understood. (space.com)
On the other hand, he added, dust deposited on the surface of snow can decrease its ability to reflect sunlight, impacting Earth's surface energy balance and hydrology. (mtu.edu)
NASA's Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation mission will comprehensively measure the mineral composition of Earth's mineral dust source regions to help scientists understand how dust particles carried by wind heat or cool our planet as they move through the atmosphere. (cornell.edu)
Scientists soon will see Earth's atmospheric dust in high-resolution, thanks to new NASA-Cornell spectrometer expected to launch to the International Space Station in early June. (cornell.edu)
The imaging spectrometer is the science instrument for the Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation mission - known by the acronym EMIT - and it will measure the composition of minerals from Earth's deserts that typically become airborne atmospheric dust. (cornell.edu)
Different kinds of dust have different properties - they're acidic, they're basic, they're light-colored, they're dark - that determine how the particles interact with Earth's atmosphere, as well as its land, water and ecosystems," said Robert O. Green, EMIT's principal investigator and JPL senior research scientist. (cornell.edu)

MAOAM: Martian Atmosphere Observation and Modeling. (mipt.ru)
How will patterns in the ocean and atmosphere affect regional climate in coming decades? (nsf.gov)
Climate models, like weather models, rely on a three-dimensional mesh that reaches high into the atmosphere and into the oceans. (nsf.gov)
At regularly spaced intervals, or grid points, the models use laws of physics to compute atmospheric and environmental variables, simulating the exchanges among gases, particles, and energy across the atmosphere. (nsf.gov)
Dust particles in the atmosphere are important agents in ice formation. (leeds.ac.uk)
Professor Benjamin Murray , an Atmospheric Scientist in the School of Earth and Environment at Leeds who supervised the study, said: "Only a small fraction of the dust particles in the atmosphere has the capacity to nucleate ice and we are only just starting to understand their sources and global distribution. (leeds.ac.uk)
The top image was taken by a Landsat satellite and shows dust billowing out of the Copper River Valley - on the righthandside of the image - and extending out over the coast and into the atmosphere. (leeds.ac.uk)
Climate models are mathematical representations of the interactions between the atmosphere, oceans, land surface, ice - and the sun. (skepticalscience.com)
This lofted tiny dust particles into the atmosphere, which were carried hundreds of kilometers towards Sydney, and then onwards over the Pacific Ocean. (theconversation.com)
Once dust particles are lifted into the atmosphere, they are transported thousands of kilometres by the prevailing winds due to their small size -- around 1 to 10 microns - smaller than the width of a human hair. (theconversation.com)
Over the Sahara during summertime, intense solar heating and convection allow dust to reach altitudes of up to 5 km , from where the dust particles can take up to ten days to sediment out of the atmosphere and travel as far as the Americas, degrading Caribbean air quality . (theconversation.com)
Climate models need to be able to simulate surface wind speeds, precipitation, soil bareness and soil moisture, as well as the processes which drive transport in the atmosphere and allow dust particles to be carried over long distances . (theconversation.com)
Like many such emergent climate phenomena, dust devils are driven by a temperature difference between the surface and the surrounding atmosphere. (wattsupwiththat.com)
The group, led by Nilton Renno, has shown that electric fields as strong as 160 kilovolts per meter could double the amount of dust that makes it into the atmosphere. (ieee.org)
Using a color-coded system of "red" to indicate consistent evidence of warming and "yellow" to show that warming impacts are occurring in many climate indicators and species, the Report Card is updated annually in October and tracks the Arctic atmosphere, sea ice, biology, ocean, land and changes in Greenland. (sciencedaily.com)
Nonetheless, the very high resolutions reached now by the regional climate models may justify and require a more realistic parameterization of surface exchanges between urban canopy and atmosphere. (springer.com)
Nonetheless, the spatial resolutions reached by some regional climate models (up to about 10 km or even less) may now justify and require a more realistic parameterization of surface exchanges between urban canopy and atmosphere. (springer.com)
Previous research has suggested that sulfur released during the impact and soot from post-impact wildfires constituted the main drivers of an impact winter, and not the ejection of silicate dust into the atmosphere. (naturalsciences.be)
An upcoming NASA mission, the Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation (EMIT), will help scientists better understand the role of airborne dust in heating and cooling the atmosphere. (scitechdaily.com)
EMIT will focus on 10 important dust varieties, including those containing iron oxides, whose dark-red hues can cause strong warming of the atmosphere. (scitechdaily.com)
The amount of rainfall is correlated with wind patterns that can sweep dust from the Sahara and the Sahel into the upper atmosphere, which is basically a superhighway to the Amazon. (nasa.gov)
The study, led by Natalie Mahowald, associate professor of earth and atmospheric sciences, used available data and computer modeling to estimate the amount of desert dust, or soil particles in the atmosphere, throughout the 20th century. (sciencedaily.com)
Dust is a major source of iron, which is vital for plankton and other organisms that draw carbon out of the atmosphere. (sciencedaily.com)
The model also showed that dust deposited in oceans increased carbon uptake from the atmosphere by 6 percent, or 4 ppm, over the same time period. (sciencedaily.com)
Because the instrument is mounted on the rover mast, it is exposed to the fine dust which settles from the atmosphere and is exposed to a difficult thermal environment. (ucl.ac.uk)
3. Study the properties of the atmosphere and variable phenomena, including water and dust content of the atmosphere. (ucl.ac.uk)
As wind shapes the surface of the Earth, it pulls dust from dry, exposed land surfaces into the atmosphere. (mtu.edu)
This is where the dust is picked up and sent into the atmosphere, where trace gases are mixed, where the modulation of large-scale winds by mountain-valley flows happen. (universetoday.com)
In their paper, the team said they've used equations of motion for the sailplanes combined with wind profiles from a computer program that simulates the circulations of the Martian atmosphere at regional and local scales, called the Mars Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (MRAMS). (universetoday.com)
We're trying to characterize the dust particulates that are blown from the surface into the atmosphere," said Natalie Mahowald , the Irving Porter Church Professor in Engineering, who serves as the mission's deputy principal investigator. (cornell.edu)
Conversely, clay or carbonate dust reflects sunlight and can cool the atmosphere. (cornell.edu)
Mahowald credits Rachel Scanza M.S. '14, Ph.D. '16, who led the 2015 research, " Modeling Dust as Component Minerals in the Community Atmosphere Model: Development of Framework and Impact on Radiative Forcing ," published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. (cornell.edu)
The goal of this work is to use remote sensing land cover and leaf area index data to initialize a model of biogeophysical, biogeochemical, and hydrologic land-atmosphere interactions to assess the impact of natural land cover change and human land-use change (LCLUC) on climate and water resources. (umd.edu)

The goal of FRAGMENT is to understand and constrain the global mineralogical composition of dust along with itseffects upon climate. (bsc.es)
in that context, I hold an AXA Chair that tackles both fundamental and applied research questions related to dust and I lead an ERC Consolidator Grant that investigates the role of the dust mineralogical composition in the climate effects of dust based on theory, experimental campaigns, remote spectroscopy and modeling. (bsc.es)

They factored in basalt mining statistics and computer models that look at how soil chemistry is affected by rock particle erosion rates and weathering over time. (azocleantech.com)
While models of the modern dust cycle are currently capable of simulating first-order patterns of its global distribution, the parameterization of dust emission in these models is still crude, since input information about soil properties and wind events cannot be resolved at a global scale. (mpg.de)
The representation of the global dust mineralogy is hindered by our limited knowledge of the global soil mineral content and our incomplete understanding of the emitted dust PSD in terms of its constituent minerals that results from the fragmentation of soil aggregates during wind erosion. (bsc.es)
Coincident observations ofthe emitted dust and soil PSD are scarce and do not characterize the mineralogy. (bsc.es)
We will contribute new fundamental understanding of the size resolved mineralogy of dust at emission and its relationship with the parent soil, based on an unprecedented ensemble of measurement campaigns that have been designed to thoroughly test our theoretical hypotheses. (bsc.es)
To improve knowledge of the global soil mineral content, we will evaluate and use available remote hyperspectral imaging, which is unprecedented inthe context of dust modelling. (bsc.es)
The dust cloud originated from north-western New South Wales, where strong winds ahead of a cold front met with dry, dusty soil. (theconversation.com)
Eastern Colorado soils are 70% windblown loess , but cultivation, grazing, construction, and roads - anything that destabilizes the soil - can generate dust, says Kelly. (salon.com)
This project?s main goal is to quantify how climate and dust affect soil chemical erosion rates and soil?s nutrient content. (usda.gov)
Dust?s impact on soil nutrient supply is likewise an ongoing topic of contention, partly because it depends on rates of soil production and chemical erosion, which are rarely measured in the same places that dust deposition rates are. (usda.gov)
This will build on previous work by applying novel radiogenic isotope measurements in bedrock, soil, dust and vegetation. (usda.gov)
These data will quantify the sensitivity of chemical erosion rates to climate and provide new insights into spatial and temporal variations in dust?s impact on soil nutrient supply, which is not well constrained at the seasonal time scales that will be targeted in this work. (usda.gov)
Topographical, hydrological, soil texture, and vegetation health datasets were prepared to model dust storm source susceptibility in. (lu.se)
The results also depicted that elevation, wind speed, precipitation, vegetation coverage, slope degree, distance from rivers, and soil texture had high impacts on the susceptibility of land to be a dust storm source. (lu.se)

July 7, 2023 Scientists in Japan have used a global climate model to show that dust from land without snow cover in the Arctic is a major source of particles that form ice crystals in Arctic low-level clouds. (sciencedaily.com)
Continued advances in modeling capabilities - and soon data from satellites to be launched in 2022 and 2023 - not only promise to make pinpointing dust sources more routine, but also to enhance dust forecasting. (salon.com)

The dust is accompanied by a large amount of dry air from the Saharan Air Layer , putting a damper on any hurricanes that attempt to form. (nakedcapitalism.com)
Every year, intense Saharan winds send enormous clouds of dust on a trans-Atlantic journey to the Amazon basin. (nasa.gov)
These features were a function of the dust shortwave single scattering albedo assumed in our model, with both the Saharan dust plume altitude and emission rate increasing with increasing shortwave absorption. (confex.com)
Huge streams of warm, humid air have deposited Saharan dust on the European Alps and may have led to a reduction in snow cover. (springernature.app)
Atmospheric Rivers drive exceptional Saharan dust transport towards Europe. (springernature.app)
The record-breaking "Godzilla" Saharan dust storm in June 2020 traveled thousands of miles across the Atlantic to the Gulf Coast of the United States. (mtu.edu)

Numerical models, the only tools we have to predict future weather and climate, need to include dust in order to avoid large radiative and associated dynamical errors. (ox.ac.uk)
The direct radiative impact of a dust outbreak over West Africa, for example, reduced net downward shortwave flux at the surface by 200 W.m -2 (Milton et al 2008) while numerical simulations demonstrate a strong influence of North African dust on tropic-wide precipitation (in the Sahel, approaching the amplitude of the long-term drought) as well as the mean extratropical circulations (Rodwell and Jung 2008). (ox.ac.uk)
Dust radiative forcing also resulted in dust being transported from the Sahara Desert at higher altitudes and more northern latitudes due to a change in the African Easterly Jet position. (confex.com)
That work simulated and modeled dust radiative forcing at the global scale, and it was funded by the National Science Foundation and the U.S. Department of Energy. (cornell.edu)

My research group develops improved representations of pollutants within atmospheric and climate models to characterize their sources, sinks, atmospheric lifecycles and effects. (bsc.es)
Gill co-authored a 2020 study using data from satellite imagery to characterize sources of dust in the Southern Great Plains. (salon.com)

Such models also provide important means of evaluating the processes that govern changes in dustiness during different climatic periods. (mpg.de)
Regional models could be useful for evaluating emission parameterizations, as well as dust transport and depositional processes close to source regions. (mpg.de)
As our understanding of climate-relevant processes improves, it is imperative to represent these processes in the model. (nsf.gov)
Our ability to forecast dust both in the short and long term requires an accurate understanding of the processes which drive dust uplift. (theconversation.com)
Their horizontal resolutions of few tens kilometers make possible to more realistically model some physical or dynamical processes, and consequently to assess regional or local impacts of climate change as well as the potential feedback of surface heterogeneities on regional climate. (springer.com)
You have to have things that are based on processes we can go and measure, that has to be based on our ability to understand the climate that we have now. (edge.org)
We have to ask questions about what expectations we may have for the future based on the physics that we presently know, on processes we can measure, and that resonate with our ability to understand the current climate. (edge.org)
Additional methods for birds-eye views of Mars would not only provide higher resolution data on the landscapes where rovers can't go - such as canyons and volcanoes - but also could include studying atmospheric and climate processes that current orbiters and rovers aren't outfitted to observe. (universetoday.com)
The land model is being developed in four key areas: biogeophysical processes regulating the exchanges of energy, moisture, and momentum biogeochemical processes such as carbon and dust routing of runoff downstream into rivers and vegetation dynamics. (umd.edu)
Together we will develop innovative ecosystem-based approaches that mobilize ecosystem processes for climate mitigation and adaptation while creating co-benefits for biodiversity, human well-being, and societies. (lu.se)

To quantify the potential impact of urbanization on the regional climate, and evaluate the benefits of a detailed urban canopy model compared with a simpler approach, a sensitivity study was carried out over France at a 12-km horizontal resolution with the ALADIN-Climate regional model for 1980-2009 time period. (springer.com)
Dynamical downscaling (Giorgi 1990 ) approaches are now used in order to study specific regions of the globe by running higher resolution limited area models also called regional climate models (RCMs) that are driven by re-analyses or GCMs. (springer.com)
Over long time periods, the urbanization dynamics mostly driven by demographic expansion leads to changes in land uses and land covers that may influence regional climate trends (Houghton et al. (springer.com)
Some regional climate studies investigated urban effects but with rather coarse resolution and simple slab representation of cities. (springer.com)
2005 ) studied the effects of land use changes due to urbanization and agriculture on regional climate of northeastern United States with a 36-km spatial resolution modeling configuration over 1990-1995 time period. (springer.com)
Future changes in the probability of severe events were assessed based on six high-resolution regional climate model (RCM) simulations produced in the ENSEMBLES project. (europa.eu)

The paper, Southern Alaska as a source of atmospheric mineral dust and ice-nucleating particles , is published in Science Advances and can be downloaded from the Science Advances website . (leeds.ac.uk)
Between 2006 and 2009 I held the position of Mineral Dust Group Leader at the recently created Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC). (bsc.es)
I am Co-I of the Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation, one of the only two Earth Ventures-Instrument missions funded by NASA in 2018. (bsc.es)
Also known as mineral dust or desert dust, it can influence weather, hasten snowmelt, and fertilize plants on land and in the ocean. (scitechdaily.com)
This heating or cooling effect is the focus of NASA's Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation (EMIT) mission. (scitechdaily.com)
One of the mission's big experiments - both in physical size and in project scope - is the Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation (EMIT). (space.com)
Mineral dust interacts with the global energy budget, ocean biogeochemistry, air quality and agriculture. (mtu.edu)
Mahowald said that the new high-resolution data set for examining mineral dust source composition from EMIT will be comprehensive. (cornell.edu)

Modelling of the planet's climate system dates back to the late 1960s. (skepticalscience.com)

The Community Earth System Model will be one of the primary climate models used for the next assessment by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). (nsf.gov)
Working Group I Contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Annex I, Glossary, pp. 941-954. (skepticalscience.com)
Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change projects a rise in global temperatures that will cause an increase in the intensity and frequency of heat waves and the incidence of extreme weather conditions, such as flooding and droughts. (who.int)

Scientists can now study climate change in far more detail with powerful new computer software released by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, Colo. (nsf.gov)
The CESM and its predecessors are unique among these models in that they were developed by a broad community of scientists. (nsf.gov)
To verify a model's accuracy, scientists typically simulate past conditions and then compare the model results to actual observations. (nsf.gov)
The CESM builds on the Community Climate System Model, which NCAR scientists and collaborators have regularly updated since first developing it more than a decade ago. (nsf.gov)
A team at the University of Michigan, in Ann Arbor, recently made a breakthrough that could help climate scientists fill in one piece missing from today's climate models. (ieee.org)
Still, scientists are working to understand "the chaotic cascade of dynamics that causes a dust storm to initiate a particular point in space and a particular point in time," says Thomas Gill, a dust researcher at University of Texas at El Paso. (salon.com)
To evaluate the roles of sulfur, soot, and silicate dust on the post-impact climate, Cem Berk Senel, Orkun Temel, and Özgür Karatekin, scientists from the Royal Observatory of Belgium (ROB), developed a new paleoclimate model, specialized to simulate the climate and biotic response following the Chicxulub impact. (naturalsciences.be)
Because few crops grow in deserts, the world's dust-producing regions tend to be undersampled, so scientists must assume dust composition in their computer simulations, which combine land, water, and air data to model climate changes. (scitechdaily.com)
Climate science from climate scientists. (realclimate.org)
Thanks to CALIPSO's unprecedented 3D observations of atmospheric dust, scientists can begin to create models to predict how the dust may impact climate in the future-and how it nurtures the lush forests of South America today. (nasa.gov)
Measuring the minerals in these samples will help scientists better understand their composition and role in global climate, ultimately contributing to things like weather pattern predictions, improved crop yields and other climate research. (space.com)
Scientists on Earth soon will see our planet's atmospheric dust sources in high-resolution, as a new state-of-the-art imaging spectrometer - developed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and Cornell - aims to survey the land surface from 250 miles above us on the orbiting International Space Station. (cornell.edu)
Scientists want to better understand how atmospheric dust contributes to the heating or cooling of the Earth. (cornell.edu)

The uncertainty comes from lack of data on dust composition, said Natalie Mahowald, EMIT's deputy principal investigator and an Earth system scientist at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York. (scitechdaily.com)
EMIT will be added to the ISS as an external payload and will be used to measure the mineral composition of dust in the planet's driest regions, NASA officials have said. (space.com)

10. The Regional Committee for the Western Pacific emphasized the need for aggressive measures to mitigate potentially devastating impacts of climate change in island States. (who.int)
The impacts of climate change on human health are complex and are expected to vary according to geographic location, socioeconomic conditions and ecological settings. (who.int)

An image captured by the Landsat satellite in 2020 shows dust blowing out of the valley and over Alaska's south coast. (leeds.ac.uk)
The famed Pitons on St. Lucia in the Caribbean, shrouded by African dust, on June 21, 2020. (nakedcapitalism.com)
African dust cloud over the tropical Atlantic as seen by the GOES-17 satellite at 12 pm EDT June 22, 2020. (nakedcapitalism.com)

Abstract Future precipitation changes are typically estimated from climate model simulations, while the credibility of such projections needs to be assessed by their ability to capture observed precipitation changes. (upc.edu)
Paleoclimate model simulations show the rapid dust transport across the planet, indicating that the Paleogene world was encircled by the silicate dust ejecta within a few days following the Chicxulub impact event. (naturalsciences.be)
2.2ºC) is in red and is closer to the observations in terms of trends, but only 7 simulations (from 6 models) out of 53 simulations have trends within the uncertainties of the observations. (realclimate.org)
For the 1979-2022 trends, the GISS ensemble is a closer match to the observations then the 24-model selection shown above - particularly the GISS-E2.2 simulations all of which are within the uncertainties of the observational spread. (realclimate.org)
The SST files come from the U. Melbourne collation and have 135 simulations from 13 separate models (when I downloaded them) (for the historical runs continued by SSP2-45). (realclimate.org)
Unfortunately, a large part of the ensemble is again the CanESM5 model (52 runs), but there are 73 simulations from 9 models that pass the TCR screen used above. (realclimate.org)
We further found that the best comparisons to observed dust distributions generally resulted from the simulations that included the strongest shortwave dust absorption. (confex.com)
But if you want something useful right now, if you want to construct a means of taking the knowledge that we have and use it to predict future climate, you build computer simulations. (edge.org)

In February 2021, satellite images showed two separate events in which vast dust plumes could be seen extending from the Sahara Desert in northwest Africa towards Europe, extending all the way up to Scandinavia. (springernature.app)
Francis and her team determined 2 that, while these atmospheric rivers normally flowed from the tropical Atlantic over the Alps, in early 2021 they had instead been pushed south by high pressure in the north Atlantic so that they passed over North Africa and the Mediterranean Sea, collecting not only dust but also warmth and moisture. (springernature.app)
Researchers also suggested the dust and nutrients it contained might have contributed to the growth of red algae on the snow surface, which was seen in the Alps during 2021. (springernature.app)

The researchers claim that more research is needed to change attitudes and receive policymakers' attention, explaining that rock dust research is being overshadowed by different methods of CO 2 removal. (azocleantech.com)
The model is freely available to researchers worldwide. (nsf.gov)
This approach enables researchers to simulate global climate over years, decades, or millennia. (nsf.gov)
The researchers at Leeds took a different approach and decided to look at a high-latitude source of dust. (leeds.ac.uk)
As the climate-fueled drought across the western half of the country continues and irrigation sources likely become limited on farms - resulting, potentially in the increasing the amount of bare, fallowed land - researchers are working hard to identify dust hot spots and how they are linked to agriculture. (salon.com)
During the unprecedented December storm, satellite imagery captured dozens of sites in the southeastern corner of Colorado and the Oklahoma panhandle where the dust was first lofted into the air, a region known among dust researchers as an active source area. (salon.com)
Without a dedicated dust monitoring network, researchers have long relied on the two nationwide air quality sensor networks and happenstance satellite imagery. (salon.com)
NASA researchers are studying this dusty link between Amazon and Sahara, to understand how it operates and how it might be affected by climate change. (nasa.gov)
As researchers," he adds, "we ask ourselves two basic questions: "How much dust is transported? (nasa.gov)
To measure fluctuations in desert dust over the century, the researchers gathered existing data from ice cores, lake sediment and coral, each of which contain information about past concentrations of desert dust in the region. (sciencedaily.com)
Applying components of a computer modeling system known as the Community Climate System Model, the researchers reconstructed the influence of desert dust on temperature, precipitation, ocean iron deposition and terrestrial carbon uptake over time. (sciencedaily.com)
In the study, published online today (May 12) in the journal Nature Climate Change, researchers looked at the likely effects of global warming on 50,000 different species around the world. (livescience.com)

Desert dust dumped into the forest every year helps to diminish this deficit. (nasa.gov)
Desert dust and climate influence each other directly and indirectly through a host of intertwined systems. (sciencedaily.com)
Now we finally have some information on how the desert dust is fluctuating. (sciencedaily.com)
Normally, in climate models, we just assume that desert dust particles are the average color of the ground," said Mahowald, a faculty fellow at the Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability . (cornell.edu)
In some regions, sand and desert dust, waste burning and deforestation are additional sources of air pollution. (who.int)

With the EMIT data, he added, "we'll be on track to map the world's dust-source regions and understand how dust heats and cools the planet, as well as how that might change under future climate scenarios. (scitechdaily.com)
This finding could help shape future climate models in predicting hurricane season intensities. (nasa.gov)
GAVIN SCHMIDT is a climatologist with NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies in New York, where he models past, present, and future climate. (edge.org)
The study provides the first comprehensive climatology of the adverse and extreme weather events affecting the European transport system by estimating the frequency (or probability) of phenomena for the present climate (1971-2000) and an overview of projected changes in some of these adverse and extreme phenomena in the future climate until 2070. (europa.eu)

The other model, developed at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology in Germany, was the Multiscale Climate and Chemistry Model (MCCM). (usda.gov)

The overall aim of this research is to collect the first dust source-area process data tailored to climate model grid-box resolution from targeted remote sensing and fieldwork in order to develop a new generation of model dust emission schemes. (ox.ac.uk)
3. Further development, testing, and application of the dust emission scheme. (umd.edu)

The sensitivity analysis then highlighted that urban areas had a significant impact on modeled near-surface temperature. (springer.com)
First the 24-model ensemble as a whole is clearly warming faster than the observations, but the histogram shows that this ensemble is heavily skewed by including 53 ensemble members from CanESM5/CanESM5-CanOE (green in the histogram) which unfortunately has a very high climate sensitivity (ECS 5.6ºC, TCR 2.7ºC). (realclimate.org)
While we know that this is a trickier ensemble to work with because of the broad (and unrealistic) spread in climate sensitivity , the point in highlighting the GISS model efforts here too is to point out that we are starting to do a better job in terms of sampling different kinds of uncertainty. (realclimate.org)
This has a really big impact for the understanding of climate sensitivity," she said. (sciencedaily.com)

Finally, we will generate integrated and quantitative knowledge ofthe role of dust mineralogy in dust-radiation, dust-chemistry and dust-cloud interactions based on modeling experiments constrained with our theoretical innovations and field measurements. (bsc.es)
Climate modelling involves incorporating all the equations that describe the interactions between all the components of our climate system. (skepticalscience.com)
MERGE is working with modelling the regional and global Climate System with focus on the interactions between the climate and the terrestrial biosphere. (lu.se)

Heimann, M. & Reichstein, M. Terrestrial ecosystem carbon dynamics and climate feedbacks. (nature.com)
Terrestrial biogeochemical feedbacks in the climate system. (nature.com)
This model is being developed in coordination with the CCSM Land and Biogeochemistry Working Groups from the NCAR LSM, BATS, and other terrestrial models. (umd.edu)
2. Implementing a dynamic global vegetation model to provide an integrated terrestrial model for climate studies. (umd.edu)

If a model can correctly simulate trends from a starting point somewhere in the past through to the present day, it has passed that test. (skepticalscience.com)

The proposed work will avoid these issues by combining measurements of chemical erosion rates, climate, and dust deposition rates and provenance at SJP, which spans the largest range in temperature within a single unglaciated lithology in the United States. (usda.gov)
They then linked each sample with its likely source region and calculated the rate of dust deposition over time. (sciencedaily.com)
Rearrangement of surface dust via dust lifting and deposition modifies albedo, hence patterns of surface heating. (open.ac.uk)

Alarmingly, the models suggest that a business as usual approach without mitigation will lead to around 7°C of atmospheric warming across MENA by the end of this century. (natureasia.com)

Changes occurring in the world's climate are affecting our health and well-being, especially among the most vulnerable of us-children, the elderly, the poor, and people with underlying health conditions. (cdc.gov)

Finally, the comparison to temperature observations available for Paris area highlighted that the detailed urban canopy model improved the modeling of the urban heat island compared with a simpler approach. (springer.com)
This result is at odds with remote sensing observations, which suggest that dust is weakly absorbing in the shortwave. (confex.com)
Xin Xi , an assistant professor in the Department of Geological and Mining Engineering and Sciences at Michigan Tech, uses observations and models to study the sources, transformation and transport of dust to assess its impact on climate and air quality. (mtu.edu)
Before satellite remote sensing became available, surface weather observations - specifically the dust weather visual report and horizontal visibility - were a primary source of information for monitoring wind erosion and dust activity around the world," he said. (mtu.edu)

It aims at building health systems' resilience in the face of climate change by providing a systematic agenda for mainstreaming the public health response to climate change within the health sector and other relevant sectors. (who.int)
WHO can also offer support in facilitating partnerships and accessing financial resources and funding mechanisms in order to augment the health sector response to climate change. (who.int)
The pre-session of the 61st Regional Committee also discussed the public health response to climate change and air pollution in the Region. (who.int)

Initial research suggested rock dust could remove between 0.5 and 2 gigatons of CO 2 every year. (azocleantech.com)
Exactly how the dust may be influencing the global climate system is not yet clear, although new research from the University of Leeds and the National Centre for Atmospheric Science suggests the effect is bigger than previously thought. (leeds.ac.uk)
In a paper published today in the journal Science Advances , the research team argue that more research is needed to understand the role that dust plays in the complex global climate system. (leeds.ac.uk)
Results from this research, which were published in 2010 in Aeolian Research , support the USDA priority of responding to climate change. (usda.gov)
Professor Georgiy Stenchikov leads the Atmospheric and Climate Modeling Research group at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) in Saudi Arabia. (natureasia.com)
This is less so in climate research community. (springer.com)
A wide variety of plants and animals are likely to become much less common if something isn't done to avert the worst effects of a warming climate, new research suggests. (livescience.com)
The research also didn't consider the effect of extreme weather that many models project will become worse with global warming, she said. (livescience.com)
There will be winners and losers in the natural world as species respond to climate change," said Lee Hannah, a senior fellow in climate change biology at Conservation International, who wasn't involved in the research. (livescience.com)
Incorporating the idea that the atmospheric rivers don't just transport water vapour but also lots of dust - and lots of dust from the Sahara - seems to open up a lot of lines of new research that I think would be really exciting," says Andrew Martin, a hydrometeorologist who studies atmospheric rivers at Portland State University, in the United States, who was not involved in the study. (springernature.app)
You have this really important, critical piece in this planetary boundary layer, like in the first few kilometers above the ground," said Alexandre Kling, a research scientist in NASA's Mars Climate Modeling Center, in a press release . (universetoday.com)
We combine novel experimental and modeling approaches to conduct basic and applied research in plant productivity, water-use efficiency, microclimate, and micrometeorology. (ucdavis.edu)
In his Ph.D. research, he primarily focused on the application of the numerical model in groundwater management, water harvesting techniques, and climate change impacts on surface water and groundwater resources in the Middle East. (lu.se)
He has a long-standing research direction in spatiotemporal modelling and analysis using Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques (GeoAI) with, applications in heath and spatial epidemiology, disaster management, urban planning, environment management, and sustainability. (lu.se)
and to strengthen environmental and climate research capacity. (who.int)
My research is, in a broad sense, is addressing how climate change directly and through mitigation policies is influencing rural land use dynamics and related livelihoods. (lu.se)
Another theme that I address in my research, and want to explore further, is the increasing impact of climate mitigation policies and expansion of renewable energy (for example bioenergy), and how this increases demand for land. (lu.se)
Following this direction, I have also been developing an initiative with a jazz composer trying out new methods for creating awareness about climate change research. (lu.se)
Pauline's research focuses on building such models through a physics-informed learning based approach, taking advantage of the available measurements. (lu.se)

I'm not sure there was much that agricultural communities could have done to mitigate the amount of dust that was up in the air. (salon.com)
And how does climate change affect the amount of dust that travels across the Atlantic? (nasa.gov)
For the first time, CALIPSO has quantified the amount of dust that makes the trans-continental voyage-and the numbers are impressive: of the 182 million tons (or nearly 700,000 semi trucks' worth) of dust that leave the Sahara each year, 27.7 million tons, or 15% of the total are scattered over the Amazon basin. (nasa.gov)
Yu and his colleagues have found a possible connection between rainfall in the Sahel and the amount of dust transported over the Atlantic. (nasa.gov)

We devote a lot of our modelling efforts to simulating the ways in which atmospheric dust is distributed by the local circulation patterns, and how these patterns might be affected by global warming and therefore influence the effects of climate change. (natureasia.com)
2008 ). Cities are consequently critical areas in that the warming effects already observed there due to urban heat island could be amplified by the local effects of climate change. (springer.com)
While the effects of climate change are being increasingly felt and forecasts are presenting potentially disastrous risks to human health and welfare, tackling climate change could also be the greatest global health opportunity of the century (1,2) . (who.int)

All IPCC definitions taken from Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. (skepticalscience.com)
IPCC Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis (eds Stocker, T. F. et al. (nature.com)

To do that, we need more fundamental knowledge to quantify the multifaceted impact of dust. (mtu.edu)

It stressed the importance of ensuring the participation of health sector representatives in climate change discussions, and of incorporating health considerations into policies and plans for climate change mitigation and adaptation. (who.int)
The Regional Committee for Europe noted the potential additional health benefits to be gained from activities on climate change mitigation and adaptation, using a cross-cutting and preventive approach and promoting action aimed at healthier societies. (who.int)

Skilful simulation of the dust cycle depends on a wide range of Earth System components but, vitally, begins with realistic representation of source areas. (ox.ac.uk)
The Community Earth System Model is yet another step toward representing improved physics and biogeochemistry in a coupled model,' says Anjuli Bamzai, program director in NSF's Division of Atmospheric and Geospace Sciences, which funds NCAR. (nsf.gov)
With the Community Earth System Model, we can pursue scientific questions that we could not address previously,' says NCAR scientist James Hurrell, chair of the scientific steering committee that developed the model. (nsf.gov)
Models can be used to explore the effects of changes to any or all of the system components. (skepticalscience.com)
Accurately simulating these properties over remote, sparsely observed regions such as the Sahara even in the present day is a challenge to models due to the complex nature of the interaction between these parts of the climate system. (theconversation.com)
The combined model system was called MCCM-WEPS. (usda.gov)
This visualization shows a Goddard Earth Observing System Model, Version 5 (GEOS-5) run of the 2005 Hurricane Season driven by Sea Surface Temperatures (SST). (nasa.gov)
The work supports the development of the Community Land Model for the Community Climate System Model (CCSM). (umd.edu)
In addition, visibility conditions determined by fog and dust events, small-scale phenomena affecting transport systems, such as thunderstorms, lightning, large hail and tornadoes, and events that damaged the transport system infrastructure were considered. (europa.eu)
PhD , Geomatics Engineering with a thesis entitled: 'Development of an SDI Conceptual Model and Web-based System to Facilitate Disaster Management', Faculty of Geodesy & Geomatics Eng. (lu.se)

Thus, climate projections appear on regional to global scales rather than local scales. (nsf.gov)
The multi-model mean climate projections indicate robust changes in temperature extremes, but are less coherent with regard to ex-tremes in precipitation and wind. (europa.eu)

For Australia, climate models predict more dust activity during the southern hemisphere autumn, driven by increases in surface wind speeds. (theconversation.com)
There is a simple way to produce a perfect model of our climate that will predict the weather with 100% accuracy. (edge.org)

Since SSTs are typically measured at sea level and below, the T2M model output behaves somewhat differently. (nasa.gov)

A massive dust storm formed over the Sahara Desert last week and invaded the Caribbean over the June 20-21 weekend, bringing dangerous levels of air pollution and low visibility to the islands. (nakedcapitalism.com)
The dust cloud is bringing dangerously high levels of fine particulate pollution (PM2.5, particles less than 2.5 microns or 0.0001 inch in diameter) and PM10 (particles less than 10 microns in diameter). (nakedcapitalism.com)
Air pollution aggravates COVID-19 symptoms, leading to expected increases in hospital admissions from the disease in regions where dust concentrations spike. (nakedcapitalism.com)
The African dust gave most of the air pollution monitors in the Lesser Antilles Islands in the Caribbean an air quality index (AQI) in the red (unhealthy) range for much of the weekend. (nakedcapitalism.com)
Air pollution transport models are indicating that the dust will still be very concentrated when it reaches the U.S., and many locations in Texas, Arkansas, and Louisiana likely will experience an AQI in the orange "Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups" or red "Unhealthy" range. (nakedcapitalism.com)
A similar air pollution event resulting from African dust occurred during the first week of July 2018, bringing to Texas and Arkansas the worst air pollution of the year. (nakedcapitalism.com)
Environmental problems like temperature changes, dust pollution and water scarcity are becoming more extreme and we cannot prevent some significant changes, so we have to learn to adjust. (natureasia.com)
Climate and Health Program funding for CDC is the dedicated U.S. government investment in preparing our nation to anticipate and adapt to the health consequences (increased illness and death) of climate events like extreme heat, extreme weather events, wildfires, air pollution, and insects, as well as threats to our food and water supply safety. (cdc.gov)

Computer modelling is the simulation and study of complex physical systems using mathematics and computer science. (skepticalscience.com)
These significantly improve the simulation when coupled to a climate model. (umd.edu)

As with the earlier CMIP6 comparisons, I'll plot the observational time series against both the full ensemble and the ensemble screened by the transient climate response (TCR) as we recommended in Hausfather et al (2022) , and plot the time series and trend histogram. (realclimate.org)
Dust from the deserts of northern Africa engulf the Canary Islands off the continent's western coast in January 2022. (cornell.edu)

Nowhere, however, does he acknowledge that the efforts, "[f]rom light bulbs to automobiles", nothing ever proposed would under any scenario have a detectable impact on climate. (cei.org)

Climate trends deal with things such as temperature or sea-level changes, over multiple decades. (skepticalscience.com)
The role of short-lived climate pollutants in meeting temperature goals. (nature.com)
Once that temperature difference (called "delta-T") is exceeded, dust devils form spontaneously. (wattsupwiththat.com)
And since they are temperature-driven, dust devils form first and preferentially on the hottest part of the local surface. (wattsupwiththat.com)
They generate a specific local climate, especially positive anomalies in air temperature in the city compared to surrounding areas called urban heat island (UHI, Oke 1982 ). (springer.com)

Dust has a net cooling effect at the surface, mostly because it absorbs and reflects solar radiation. (natureasia.com)
Darker, iron-rich dust absorbs the Sun's heat and warms the surrounding air, while lighter-colored particles, rich in clay, do the opposite. (scitechdaily.com)
Lofted dust absorbs solar radiation, increasing atmospheric temperatures, and emits thermal radiation, warming the surface at night. (open.ac.uk)

In order to evaluate the different aspects of the climatic effects of dust, estimates of its highly variable atmospheric distribution need to be computed by transport models. (mpg.de)
While the compilation of such observational data sets is crucial for model development, model results can, in turn, provide guidance for new measurements of dust properties, which will be useful for future investigation of the dust cycle and its climatic effects. (mpg.de)
Despite longstanding expectations that climate should strongly affect chemical erosion rate, quantifying these effects in nature has proven difficult, partly because these rates are difficult to measure, and partly because other factors like lithology and dust can obscure climatic effects. (usda.gov)
The study used a computer model that calculated the desired climatic zone that these plants and animals live in, and analyzed how these zones, and the organisms' accompanying ranges, are likely to shift in the future, Warren told OurAmazingPlanet. (livescience.com)

Because climate models cover far longer periods than weather models, they cannot include as much detail. (nsf.gov)
Weather forecast-models rarely extend to even a fortnight ahead. (skepticalscience.com)
The Arctic is an important driver of climate and weather around the world and serves as a critical feeding and breeding ground that supports globally significant populations of birds, mammals and fish. (sciencedaily.com)
A new global weather station-based dataset developed at Michigan Technological University enables long-term, large-scale monitoring of the dust cycle. (mtu.edu)

Validation of modeled dust distributions must therefore include comparisons with different types of observational data. (mpg.de)

She is also interested in related implications of policy aspects, such as climate change mitigation initiatives and rural reforms influencing both land use and livelihoods. (lu.se)

The " dust belt " -- a train of dust hotspots stretching from the Sahara desert across the Middle East to Central Asia, dominates global dust activity. (theconversation.com)
Although Australia has its fair share of dust hotspots, they are more abundant across the global dust belt and atmospheric dust loadings are much higher in these regions. (theconversation.com)
Using NOAA ISD records, Xi set out to create a new dataset for evaluating global dust, which he named duISD. (mtu.edu)

However elsewhere in North America , dust activity is predicted to increase by the end of the century over the Southern Great Plains largely due to reduced precipitation, enhanced land surface bareness and increased surface wind speed, while the opposite trend can be expected over the northern Great Plains. (theconversation.com)
A general evaluation of ALADIN-Climate was first done, that showed an overestimation of the incoming solar radiation but satisfying results in terms of precipitation and near-surface temperatures. (springer.com)

In 2006, NOAA's Climate Program Office introduced the annual Arctic Report Card, which established a baseline of conditions at the beginning of the 21st century to monitor the quickly changing conditions in the Arctic. (sciencedaily.com)
Climate change is among the biggest global health threats of the 21st century. (who.int)
Climate change is one of the biggest global health threats of the 21st century. (who.int)

1. Provide context information for the rover and its environment, including digital elevation models and their proper visualisation. (ucl.ac.uk)
In the current ExoMars design, PanCam is the only instrument which can remotely sense the geological context of the landing site, provide detailed 3D terrain models and measure the surface Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF). (ucl.ac.uk)
This dataset allows us to develop and test new model parameterizations in a global context prior to coupling to a climate model. (umd.edu)

Once on a lovely hot August day in eastern Oregon, my gorgeous ex-fiancee and I sat entranced and watched a parade of dust devils. (wattsupwiththat.com)
I've written about dust devils before , they're one of my favorite emergent phenomena. (wattsupwiththat.com)
The relevant climate effect of the dust devils is to move heat aloft from the surface, and thus cooling the surface. (wattsupwiththat.com)
And then, of course, another dust devil formed over the plowed field … and for a half hour, it was groundhog day-over and over again, dust devils forming, strengthening, leaving home for their big adventure down the highway, and eventually dying out. (wattsupwiththat.com)
The dust devils formed over and over in that same hot spot, and nowhere else in the surrounding fields. (wattsupwiththat.com)
Renno, an associate professor of atmospheric, oceanic, and space sciences, had predicted years earlier that electricity might be a missing link, when he noticed that dust devils, the spinning vortexes of air that look like miniature tornadoes, had strong electric fields. (ieee.org)
Strong winds and dust devils are likely the main causes of dust lifting, although it is unknown whether most dust is lifted directly by winds (as individual grains or aggregates) or via saltation of sand-sized particles. (open.ac.uk)

Blown by wind across continents and oceans, dust does more than make skies hazy, congest lungs, and leave a film on windshields. (scitechdaily.com)

Importantly, many of today's dust events are region-wide phenomena. (salon.com)
With her longstanding interest in how dust is moved around by atmospheric phenomena, atmospheric scientist, Diana Francis, at Khalifa University in Abu Dhabi, wanted to investigate these dusty rivers, their cause and effects. (springernature.app)

When strong winds on one continent stir up mineral rock dust (such as calcite or chlorite), the airborne particles can travel thousands of miles to affect entirely different continents. (scitechdaily.com)

Anatomy1

Organisms20

Diseases8

Chemicals and Drugs18

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment5

Psychiatry and Psychology3

Phenomena and Processes59

Disciplines and Occupations11

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena7

Technology, Industry, Agriculture22

Humanities1

Information Science1

Health Care59

Geographicals13

Aerosols16

Storms28

Variability10

Emissions12

Aerosol4

Earth's16

Atmosphere33

Mineralogical composition2

Soil14

20232

Saharan6

Radiative4

Characterize2

Processes10

Regional climate6

Mineral dust8

Planet's climate1

Intergovernmental Panel3

Scientists13

Composition2

Impacts of climate change2

20203

Simulations8

20213

Researchers12

Desert dust5

Future climate4

Karlsruhe Institute1

Emission2

Sensitivity4

Interactions3

Terrestrial4

Simulate1

Deposition3

MENA1

World's climate1

Observations4

Response to Climate Change3

Research19

Amount of dust4

Effects of climate change3

IPCC2

Quantify1

Mitigation and adaptation2

System10

Projections2

Predict2

Typically1

Pollution8

Simulation2

20222

Impact on climate1

Temperature5

Absorbs3

Climatic4

Weather4

Distributions1

Change mitigation1

Global dust3

Precipitation2

21st century3

Context3

Devils7

Oceans1

Phenomena2

Airborne1