Citation needed cell fractionation. Medical search. Frequent questions

For the purpose of this study we selected a set of proteins that were misregulated following silencing of TDP-43 and analysed their expression in a TDP-43-aggregation model cell line HEK293 Flp-in Flag-TDP-43-12x-Q/N F4L. (nature.com)
By fixing the cells at various intervals and staining them in immunofluorescence for 24B42 cytokeratin and for desmosomal proteins, we found that cell to cell contact and desmosome formation are prerequisites for keratin filament formation in these cells. (rupress.org)
For this purpose, several aqueous solutions using solvents with and without tensioactive nature were investigated on their capacity to disrupt the microalgae cells as well as to extract the different classes of biomolecules, namely pigments (chlorophylls a and b, and lutein), proteins and carbohydrates. (ua.pt)
To fractionate pigments, proteins and carbohydrates extracted from the microalgae, ABS formed by polyethylene glycol (PEG 8000) and sodium polyacrylate (NaPA 8000) were used, with the solvent selected to disrupt the cells acting as electrolyte. (ua.pt)
DDX5 is required for cell proliferation by controlling the transcription of genes expressing DNA replication proteins in cancer cells in which the DDX5 locus is amplified, and this has uncovered a dependence on DDX5 for cell proliferation. (aacrjournals.org)
The phycobiliproteins extraction method includes cell rupture in order to release the proteins from inside algal cell to outside. (m0b1le.net)
The company has secured about $60M to date and developed a proprietary pro-regenerative protein library supported by a computationally driven drug discovery and development platform that enables them to characterize human stem cell-secreted proteins for therapeutic potential. (juvenatherapeutics.com)

DNA damage in HepG2 cells after TIGAR knockdown with or without treatment of epirubicin or CoCl 2 was detected by Comet assay. (nature.com)
EGTA treatment, by disassembling desmosomes, causes the cytokeratin filaments to disappear and the 24B42 protein to pass into a soluble form in this cell line, as ascertained by 100,000 g fractionation and immunoenzymatic assay. (rupress.org)
Immunofluorescence study showed replication of SARS-CoV in the cells derived from throat wash, demonstrating the possibility of developing a convenient antigen detection assay. (cdc.gov)
Using a quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay and fractionation experiment, we investigated the load of SARS-CoV in these samples and different components of the throat wash. (cdc.gov)
We applied an assay that measures the stability of maintenance of an episomal plasmid in human tissue culture cells to screen for new DNA replication factors. (aacrjournals.org)
Cell counting was performed after trypan blue staining, cell proliferation was assessed using MTT assay, and apoptosis was evaluated through caspase-3 activation and Tunel assay. (biomedcentral.com)

Biochemical fractionation showed that IglA is a soluble cytoplasmic protein and immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrate that it interacts with the downstream-encoded IglB. (biomedcentral.com)
Cycloheximide treatment also causes cytokeratin filaments to disappear, indicating that protein synthesis is needed for normal filament maintenance. (rupress.org)
The era of immune checkpoint blockers (ICB), which started in 2011 with the approval of an antibody targeting cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) on T cells (namely, ipilimumab) for the treatment of metastatic melanoma ( 1 ), has brought a new paradigm to cancer therapy whereby the immune system is being harnessed to cure the cancer. (aacrjournals.org)
Here we show that in cells depleted of the SRP protein, Ffh or the translocon component SecE, the ribosomal targeting pathway is blocked downstream and unprecedented, membrane-bound FtsY-ribosomal complexes are captured. (rupress.org)
We tested the hypothesis that protein degradability as measured by the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) protein fractionation scheme, can be manipulated by herbage management tools, with the aim to reduce N loss to the environment. (teagasc.ie)
The protein was highly soluble and on average 19% and 28% of total N was in the form of non-protein N, 16% and 19% in the form of buffer-soluble protein, 52% and 40% in the form of buffer-insoluble protein, and 12% and 13% in the form of potentially available cell wall N for lamina and sheath material, respectively. (teagasc.ie)
In both materials only 0.9% of total N was present as unavailable cell wall N. In general the herbage management tools investigated did not have much effect on protein fractionation. (teagasc.ie)
Western blotting was used to analyze protein extracts, and IL-8 release into cell culture supernatants was assessed by ELISA. (biomedcentral.com)
Important biological events associated with plasma membranes, such as signal transduction, cell adhesion, and protein trafficking, are mediated through the membrane microdomains. (mdpi.com)
Herein, we introduced ortho-phthalaldehyde (OPA) for blocking free amino groups and established a simple and robust method for comprehensive profiling of protein terminome based on strong cation exchange chromatography (SCX) fractionation. (bvsalud.org)
With the highly efficient and chemoseletive amine-group blocking, we identified 2271 canonical human protein N-termini, 1650 canonical human protein C-termini, as well as 645 protein neo-N-termini from HeLa cells. (bvsalud.org)

To further develop this pretreatment strategy the effect of feedstock variation (moisture content and chip size) on the steam explosion process was examined, and the effect of the substrate on subsequent fractionation and hydrolysis were evaluated. (ubc.ca)
Additionally, the effect of a secondary treatment regime, post steam explosion particle size reduction, was examined for its effect on fractionation and hydrolysis efficiency. (ubc.ca)
The articles focus on biomass fractionation and hydrolysis, NCY cultivation and fermentation as well as NCY characterization and development through molecular biology, genetics and physiology studies. (biomedcentral.com)

What purification methods will be used following cell disruption? (wikidoc.org)
Thus, when the cells are disrupted, it is important to consider what components are present in the disruption media so that efficient purification is not impeded. (wikidoc.org)

However, the impact of dose and fractionation on the immunostimulatory potential of radiotherapy has not been thoroughly investigated. (aacrjournals.org)
Recent data demonstrate that the recruitment of dendritic cells to neoplastic lesions (and hence the priming of tumor-specific CD8 + T cells) is highly dependent on radiotherapy dose and fractionation through a mechanism that involves the accumulation of double-stranded DNA in the cytoplasm of cancer cells and consequent type I IFN release. (aacrjournals.org)
Patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer and bone pain needing external-beam radiotherapy were assigned to four intravenous injections of (223)Ra (50 kBq/kg, 33 patients) or placebo (31 patients), given every 4 weeks. (researchgate.net)

Can herbage nitrogen fractionation in Lolium perenne be improved by herbage management? (teagasc.ie)
In particular, inhaled oxidants such as ozone and nitrogen dioxide cause sequestration of inflammatory cells into the pulmonary microcirculation, thus leading to their accumulation within air spaces. (biomedcentral.com)
Due to the cost and relative effort to grow these cells, there is often only a small quantity of cells to be processed, and preferred methods for cell disruption tend to be a manual mechanical homogenizer, nitrogen burst methods, or ultrasound with a small probe. (wikidoc.org)

In a rat mammary epithelial cell line, LA-7, cytokeratin bundles recognized in immunofluorescence by a monoclonal antibody (24B42) disappear after trypsinization of cultures and are gradually reformed after replating. (rupress.org)
We find that the DDX5 locus is frequently amplified in breast cancer and that breast cancer-derived cells with amplification of DDX5 are much more sensitive to its depletion than breast cancer cells and a breast epithelial cell line that lacks DDX5 amplification. (aacrjournals.org)

Diminution of p53 by RNA interference induced necrosis instead of apoptosis in A549 cells following terpinen-4-ol treatment, indicating that terpinen-4-ol-elicited apoptosis is p53-dependent. (hindawi.com)
Collectively, these data provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying terpinen-4-ol-induced apoptosis in NSCLC cells, rendering this compound a potential anticancer drug for NSCLC. (hindawi.com)
Recent reports have indicated that terpinen-4-ol exerts its antitumor effects by triggering caspase-dependent apoptosis in human melanoma cells or by inducing necrotic cell death and cell-cycle arrest in mouse mesothelioma and melanoma cell lines without affecting normal cells [ 14 , 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
Our results indicated that terpinen-4-ol induced apoptosis through a mitochondria-mediated pathway in NSCLC cells and that the apoptosis elicited by terpinen-4-ol was p53 dependent. (hindawi.com)
NF-κB and AP-1 are responsible for the coordinated expression of several genes that control inflammation, cell proliferation and apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
Radiation can also affect the processes of the cell cycle necessary for cell growth, cell senescence, and apoptosis (programmed cell death). (medscape.com)

Cell viability assays were performed on Caco-2 and IEC-6 intestinal epithelial cells using increasing doses of the prepared extracts. (peerj.com)

a) Workflow from extraction of whole-cell proteomes through digestion, fractionation, and chromatographic separation of each fraction. (news-medical.net)
Cell survival, single fraction. (medscape.com)
Repeated small doses of radiation are less damaging to a sensitive cell than a single fraction containing an equivalent total dose (see the image below). (medscape.com)
The cell survival curve can be interpreted to follow a linear-quadratic model, according to which the surviving fraction is equivalent to e (αD - βD2) , where α and β represent the alpha and beta components, respectively (see the image below). (medscape.com)
Conventional fractionation with daily fraction size 1.8~2.0 Gy was done. (e-roj.org)

Reliability of NIPD assays still needs to be demonstrated rigorously in different ethnic minority populations. (biomedcentral.com)

The further isolation of the biomolecules from the ABS forming solvents is proposed aiming at the development of an integrated downstream process, including the cell disruption/compounds extraction, the fractionation, and the isolation of the biomolecules. (ua.pt)
Cell disruption''' is a method or process for releasing biological molecules from inside a cell. (wikidoc.org)
Choice of disruption method== The production of biologically-interesting molecules using cloning and culturing methods allows the study and manufacture of relevant molecules.Except for excreted molecules, cells producing molecules of interest must be disrupted. (wikidoc.org)
Disruption of cells, when hundreds or even thousands of liters of material are being processed in a production environment, presents a different challenge. (wikidoc.org)
For example, if [[subcellular fractionation]] studies are undertaken, it is often more important to have intact subcellular components, while sacrificing disruption efficiency. (wikidoc.org)
In general, the cell disruption method is closely matched with the material that is desired from the cell studies. (wikidoc.org)
Laboratory-scale methods == === Enzymatic method === The use of enzymatic methods to remove cell walls is well-established for preparing cells for disruption, or for preparation of [[protoplast]]s (cells without cell walls) for other uses such as introducing cloned DNA or subcellular organelle isolation. (wikidoc.org)

In this work, an approach to integrate the downstream processing of bioactive compounds present in the microalgae cells by combining the use of tensioactive compounds and aqueous biphasic systems (ABS) is proposed. (ua.pt)
Bioassay-guided fractionation of the combined fruits, leaves, and twigs (fruiting branches) of Callicarpa americana, collected from a plot in a forested area in southern Florida, led to the isolation of six new clerodane diterpenes (1-6) and eight known compounds. (lookformedical.com)
This situation has allowed the insect to increase its population density, causing insecticide resistance to compounds such as DDT, cyclodiene organophosphates, carbamates, and pyrethroids, generating the need for new molecules with potential activity. (encyclopedia.pub)

In another related cell line (106A-10a) and in HeLa cells, trypsinization and EGTA exposure do not cause a complete loss of 24B42 immunofluorescence, although distinct filaments disappear, indicating the presence in these cells of different organizing centers, besides desmosomes, for cytokeratin bundle formation. (rupress.org)
106A-10a cells (also rich in desmosomes) and HeLa cells (showing instead a reduced number of desmosomes) have a cytokeratin system partially or totally independent from that of desmosomes, with different organizing centers. (rupress.org)
In vitro antiproliferative effects of eumelanin were evaluated on HeLa cell line. (metu.edu.tr)

It is an extracorporeal blood separation method whereby whole blood is extracted from a donor or patient, the red blood cells are separated, and the remaining blood is returned to circulation. (wikipedia.org)
For the separation of erythrocytes, whole blood is passed through an apparatus that isolates the red blood cells from the remaining components. (wikipedia.org)
In addition, blood separation on microdevices containing capillary channels has been identified as a potential blood cell fractionation method. (wikipedia.org)
citation needed] Other plasma and blood cell separation techniques are being explored based on magnetophoresis, electrophoresis, microchannel bends, and ultrasound standing waves. (wikipedia.org)
The therapeutic mechanism for radiation is based on the intrinsic ability of cells to repair damage and the ability of the radiation oncologist to take advantage of any geometric separation between malignant and nonmalignant tissues. (medscape.com)

They can be released by various mammalian cells and pathogens, and their use as predictive biomarkers for disease progression and treatment outcomes has been reported for different pathologic conditions, including parasitic diseases ( 3 , 4 ). (cdc.gov)

This is because the hematocrit, or the percentage of blood volume taken up by red blood cells, is present in the highest percentage of all blood cell components in the solid portion of blood. (wikipedia.org)
Blood transfusion is made possible because, in most countries and organizations, altruistic individuals voluntarily, anonymously, and generously donate (without compensation) either whole blood or separated components that are then processed and distributed by professionals, prior to being allocated to recipients in need. (frontiersin.org)
However, differences in extract composition and antioxidant properties could not be directly related to the observed increase in cell viability suggesting that other components in the extracts may be responsible. (peerj.com)
In the linear-quadratic model, 2 components of cell injury are present. (medscape.com)

When the iglB gene was disrupted IglA could not be detected in cell extracts of F. novicida , although IglC could be detected. (biomedcentral.com)
It was shown in cell-free extracts that the feedback effect does not involve the inhibition of bacilysin synthetase, the enzyme catalyzing bacilysin formation. (metu.edu.tr)
In the present study, we report the investigation of the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of the extracts of sclerotial powder of the mushroom using a rat model as well as the in vitro inhibitory activity on lipopolysaccharide induced TNF-alpha production in macrophage cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Preparation of cell-free extracts of pathogens presents unique difficulties. (wikidoc.org)

citation needed] Therapeutic erythrocytapheresis is commonly used to remove red blood cells in patients experiencing sickle cell crisis. (wikipedia.org)
The Cdk5-AMT signal pathway involved in regulation of DDR by TIGAR defines a new role of TIGAR in cancer cell survival and it suggests that TIGAR may be a therapeutic target for cancers. (nature.com)
Biomarkers for earlier therapeutic response assessment in patients with chronic Chagas disease are needed. (cdc.gov)
Our results show a novel role for DDX5 in cancer cell proliferation and suggest DDX5 as a therapeutic target in breast cancer treatment. (aacrjournals.org)
Optimizing the therapeutic ratio for radiation therapy (RT) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is uniquely challenging owing to high rates of early and late toxicity involving nearby organs at risk. (biomedcentral.com)

E. coli]]), more force is required to efficiently disrupt the cells. (wikidoc.org)
For production scale processes, the time to disrupt the cells and the reproducibility of the method become more important factors. (wikidoc.org)

These experiments were carried out with the evaluation of the parameters including cell viability, cell index, and mitotic index. (metu.edu.tr)
Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate, in the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line GLC-82, the effects of a 24-hour treatment with simvastatin on hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 )-induced changes in cell viability, ERK phosphorylation, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression, innate immunity signaling, NF-κB activation and IL-8 secretion. (biomedcentral.com)

After removal of the affected cells, the patient can then be transfused with a dose of normal red blood cells. (wikipedia.org)
This hurdle was overcome by Coutard's recognition of the usefulness of fractionation-that is, dividing the dose into several smaller increments rather than administering a single, massive dose. (medscape.com)
Cell survival after exposure can be expressed in terms of a logarithmic curve of survival versus dose. (medscape.com)
Besides being related to intrinsic cellular radiosensitivity, cell survival is also related to oxygen tension, the position of the cell in the mitotic cycle, and dose rate. (medscape.com)

Further analysis is urgently needed to identify genetic patterns associated with rtAEs in order to reduce harmful outcomes in this challenging population. (biomedcentral.com)

Additionally, once the cells are disrupted, it is often essential to protect the desired product from normal biological processes (e.g. proteases) and from oxidation or other chemical events. (wikidoc.org)

In particular, extraction of phycocyanin is challenging due to thick cell walls and high levels of contaminants8. (m0b1le.net)

In this study, the antitumor effects of terpinen-4-ol and the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for it were evaluated and studied, respectively on human nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. (hindawi.com)
Among lung cancers, nonsmall cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC) account for approximately 80% of lung cancer cases [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
In addition, there is no report on the antitumor effects of terpinen-4-ol against human nonsmall cell lung cancer cells. (hindawi.com)

Therefore, in this study, the anticancer effects of terpinen-4-ol were evaluated on two NSCLC cell lines, namely, A549 and CL1-0 human lung adenocarcinoma cells. (hindawi.com)

The exact mechanism of cell death due to radiation is still an area of active investigation. (medscape.com)

He also is a professor in the Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry for the Brown University−MBL Graduate Program in Biological and Environmental Sciences. (nationalacademies.org)

The techniques, which showed an improvement in delignification efficiency, were then used to optimize chemical loading and temperature during peroxide fractionation. (ubc.ca)
We also need to characterize and tailor the NCY cell factories and optimize the cultivation and fermentation conditions to maximize titers and yields of the targeted bioproducts. (biomedcentral.com)

J Cell Biol (1986) 102 (2): 560-567. (rupress.org)
J Cell Biol (2002) 159 (3): 403-410. (rupress.org)

To define a role of TIGAR in DNA damage, TIGAR expression was knocked down with siRNA in HepG2 cells. (nature.com)
Epirubicin, a DNA damaging anticancer agent and CoCl 2 , which was used to imitate hypoxia condition, was applied to induce DNA damage in TIGAR knockdown HepG2 cells. (nature.com)

We performed this study to evaluate the prognostic factors and the effect of induction chemotherapy in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). (e-roj.org)

Previous study revealed that the protective effect of TIGAR in cell survival is mediated through the increase in PPP (pentose phosphate pathway) flux. (nature.com)
Effect of fractionation. (medscape.com)

Defects in the control of cell proliferation are a hallmark of cancer, and DNA replication is a key process for cell proliferation. (aacrjournals.org)

We further demonstrated that IglA is needed for intracellular growth of F. novicida . (biomedcentral.com)
The accumulation of FtsY-ribosome complexes induces the formation of intracellular membranes needed for their quantitative accommodation. (rupress.org)

The significance of the interaction may be to secrete effector molecules that affect host cell processes. (biomedcentral.com)

The procedure is commonly done using automated red blood cell collection which involves the removal of two units of red blood cells. (wikipedia.org)

Cell material was desintegrated by treatment with lysozyme and sonication and the extract was subjected to ammonium sulfate fractionation. (metu.edu.tr)
The MeOH extract of Ganoderma lucidum has an inhibitory action on histamine release from rat mast cells. (researchgate.net)
Furthermore, mast cells and H1 receptors have not been the primary sites of antipruritic action of this extract. (researchgate.net)

While cyanobacteria's cell walls are incredibly resilient, those of cryptophytes are very susceptible to disruption7. (m0b1le.net)

Results showed that TIGAR was increased and relocated to the nucleus after epirubicin or hypoxia treatment in cancer cells. (nature.com)
Furthermore, treatment of s.c xenografts derived from A549 cells with intratumor injections of terpinen-4-ol significantly inhibited tumor growth compared with the control group. (hindawi.com)
Since then, several antibodies targeting another coinhibitory receptor, the programmed cell death 1 (PDCD1, best known as PD-1) or its main ligand CD274 (best known as PD-L1), have been approved for the treatment of multiple cancers ( 2 ). (aacrjournals.org)
Solar cells based on PIDTTQ with M n = 58 kD feature a power conversion efficiency of 6.0% and a charge carrier mobility of 2.1 × 10 -4 cm 2 V -1 s -1 when doctor bladed in air, without the need for thermal treatment. (edu.sa)
That case involved hepatocytes, which are a type of liver cell used for testing, diagnosis, and treatment. (sunsteinlaw.com)
AF4 fractionation revealed that CS-6253 treatment displaced apoE from HDL to intermediate-density- and low density-lipoprotein (IDL/LDL)-sized particles in plasma. (cdc.gov)

Several models have been used to conceptualize radiation-induced cell death and to explain the cell survival curve. (medscape.com)

Omicum": Building of the Estonian Biocentre which houses the Estonian Genome Centre and Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology at the University of Tartu in Tartu, Estonia . (limswiki.org)
Here we present and discuss the work of several groups that have obtained highly purified subcellular fractions from trypanosomatids, Apicomplexa and trichomonads, and whose work have added substantially to our knowledge of the cell biology of these parasites. (scielo.org)

To do this, the researchers used a diamond anvil cell-a device capable of recreating pressures that exist deep inside planets-and were able to synthesize processes that would not be discernible otherwise. (uchicago.edu)

Increased sub-G1 population and annexin-V binding, activation of caspases 9 and 3, cleavage of poly(ADPribose) polymerase (PARP), and a decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) indicated involvement of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in terpinen-4-ol-treated A549 and CL1-0 cells. (hindawi.com)

This part needs some clarification on how the authors obtained fungal 18S sequences. (copernicus.org)

The A549 human lung adenocarcinoma and CL1-0 lung adenocarcinoma cell lines were cultured in Dulbecco′s modified eagle medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 1% antibiotic antimycotic. (hindawi.com)

We have previously reported that TIGAR plays a pro-survival role in cancer cells through increase PPP flux 19 . (nature.com)
Composition of cell survival curve. (medscape.com)
The linear alpha component is responsible for the initial shoulder on the cell survival curve and is caused by repairable damage to the target. (medscape.com)

This study investigated the role of TIGAR in DNA damage response (DDR) induced by genotoxic drugs and hypoxia in tumor cells. (nature.com)

Anti-D prophylaxis (anti-D IgG) can be given to prevent a woman producing antibodies against fetal RhD-positive blood cells and becoming sensitised. (biomedcentral.com)

This study exhibits the strong correlations between polymer fractionation and its optoelectronics characteristics, which informs the polymer design rules toward highly efficient organic solar cells. (edu.sa)

Understanding how DNA replication is regulated in human cells can provide insight into cancer development and may reveal vulnerabilities that can be exploited therapeutically. (aacrjournals.org)

In erythrocytapheresis, centrifugation is the most commonly used red blood cell fractionation method. (wikipedia.org)

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