Coagulation factorKininogenTumorSerumPathophysiologyConcentrationsDisordersPlateletsOral anticoagulantsSerine proteasePrevalenceIodine deficiencyHemophiliaRicketsCellularThyroid-stimulaHeparinOcclusionInsufficiencyMediterranean RegionCytokinesThrombinSignificantlyMiceFunctional assaysConcentrationLevelsRiskRespiratoryColorectal CancerExposureProthrombinRosenthalFibrinogenRecurrenceEtiologyDietaryThromboplastin antecedentOccurrenceDiseaseSynthesisInhibitorsDeficientMechanismsXIIaBoneCalciumPopulationsSeveritySusceptibilityIncidenceAbundantAdequateSecondarySupplementationHumansPathogenesisDaltonsIndustrialized countriesPrevalentProteinThrombosisDiagramPatientsModifiable
Coagulation factor5
- A different factor, called coagulation factor VIIa, restores blood clotting when given after a bleed occurs, but we don't know the target level of circulating factor VIIa that would prevent bleeds before they start. (chop.edu)
- The disorder commonly occurs in two types, hemophilia A and hemophilia B, distinguished by which natural coagulation factor is affected. (chop.edu)
- Lengthening of Quick's time and of APTT occurs in the presence of a specific inhibitor directed against a coagulation factor to which one of these tests is sensitive. (stago.com)
- The following diagram shows the role of each coagulation factor. (labpedia.net)
- Platelet disorders lead to defects in primary hemostasis and produce signs and symptoms different from coagulation factor deficiencies (disorders of secondary hemostasis). (medscape.com)
Kininogen3
- Plasma FXI complexes with high-molecular-weight kininogen, which then aids in the binding of FXI to negatively charged surfaces. (medscape.com)
- The so-called contact factors include factor XI, factor XII, high-molecular-weight kininogen (HK), and prekallikrein (PK). (medscape.com)
- Furthermore, certain reagents used to determine activated partial thromboplastin time may also allow detection of deficiency of two factors involved in the contact phase of coagulation , prekallikrein (Fletcher factor) and high-molecular-weight kininogen, deficiencies of which are rare and not clinically discernible. (stago.com)
Tumor6
- Immunocytochemical studies showed marked activation of microglia and astroglia, and cytokine profiling indicated that macrophage chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 and tumor growth factor-beta1, derived from neuroglia, were the most prevalent cytokines in brain tissues. (blogspot.com)
- The recognition of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), a phosphaturic hormone related to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) makes it plausible to hypothesize its possible relation to this pathology. (biomedcentral.com)
- and AIs had (c) higher expression of PTGS2/COX2 (an NSAID target/pro-oncogenic inflammation) and splicing regulators, and (d) lower tumor suppressor activities (e.g. (cdc.gov)
- Early Detection of Molecular Residual Disease and Risk Stratification for Stage I to III Colorectal Cancer via Circulating Tumor DNA Methylation. (cdc.gov)
- Are longitudinal changes in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) methylation effective in monitoring disease progression from molecular residual disease to recurrence? (cdc.gov)
- In this cohort study of 299 patients with colorectal cancer, circulating tumor DNA status was evaluated with 6 DNA methylation markers. (cdc.gov)
Serum5
- Serum circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level is considered as the best indicator of the body vitamin D status, and although still debated, most experts defined vitamin D deficiency as 25(OH)D levels lower than 20 ng/mL [ 4 , 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Mean value of serum FGF23 was significantly higher among patients with IBD during flare compared to controls. (biomedcentral.com)
- This data file contains results of the testing of 1637 males age 12 or more years who participated in the morning examination of phase 1 of NHANES III and for whom serum was still available in the repository. (cdc.gov)
- Findings have shown that low serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level is a possible risk factor for incidence of preeclampsia during pregnancy. (ac.ir)
- these women also have high serum levels of anti-angiogenic soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), which is known to be located on the chromosome13 and 3 (15). (ac.ir)
Pathophysiology2
- Vermeer C, Hamulyák K: Pathophysiology of vitamin K deficiency and oral anticoagulants. (karger.com)
- A further complicating factor is the cross-talk between complement, neutrophils, and coagulation pathways in the pathophysiology of TMA. (jrheum.org)
Concentrations7
- On the other hand, a study by Georgi et al indicated that in persons genetically disposed to lower concentrations of factor XI, the risk of venous thrombosis and ischemic stroke are reduced. (medscape.com)
- Moreover, circulating K 2 concentrations after the consumption of natto were about 10 times higher than those of K 1 after eating spinach. (karger.com)
- Endogenous synthesis and dietary intake provide sufficient coenzyme Q 10 to prevent deficiency in healthy people, although coenzyme Q 10 concentrations in tissues decline with age. (oregonstate.edu)
- The use of cholesterol -lowering medications called statins can decrease circulating coenzyme Q 10 concentrations. (oregonstate.edu)
- The lysosomal membranes that separate those digestive enzymes from the rest of the cell contain relatively high concentrations of coenzyme Q 10 . (oregonstate.edu)
- However, it remains unclear whether in the US population circulating concentrations of sex steroid hormones vary by race/ethnicity. (cdc.gov)
- Improvement of mean circulating 25(OH)D concentrations in the community to 50+ nmol/L through a fortification programme is likely to engender healthy cardiometabolic changes. (who.int)
Disorders7
- Overview of Platelet Disorders Platelets are circulating cell fragments that function in the clotting system. (msdmanuals.com)
- Oral high-dose coenzyme Q 10 is usually effective to treat mitochondrial disorders that are caused by mutations in coenzyme Q 10 biosynthetic genes . (oregonstate.edu)
- Patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) exhibit higher levels of anxiety ( 17 ), while TMD symptoms worsen whenever a person is under stress ( 18 , 19 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
- Accordingly, laboratory investigation of thrombophilic disorders has expanded due to incorporation of modern molecular assays. (intechopen.com)
- Since the very beginning of the diagnosis of thrombophilic disorders, which arose from the study of families with a high frequency of thrombophilic complications, it was apparent that in a number of cases, the disorder was due to dominantly inherited conditions. (intechopen.com)
- Molecular genetic methods were implemented into the screening examinations for thrombophilic disorders in the 1990's along with the first discoveries of coagulation inhibitors (AT, protein C and protein S). The discovery of the molecular cause of activated protein C (APC) resistance by Bertina in 1994 greatly expanded their utilization. (intechopen.com)
- Iodine deficiency results in a range of adverse health disorders with varying degrees of severity, from thyroid gland enlargement ( goiter ) to severe physical and mental retardation known as cretinism . (oregonstate.edu)
Platelets7
- Plasma must be separated from cellular components within 1 hour (platelet factor 4, released by platelets, neutralizes the effect of heparin). (medscape.com)
- Thrombopoietin helps control the number of circulating platelets by stimulating the bone marrow to produce megakaryocytes. (msdmanuals.com)
- Binding of factor XIa to activated platelets localizes it to the site of clot formation and protects it from plasma protease inhibitors. (medscape.com)
- The hemostatic system consists of platelets, coagulation factors, and the endothelial cells lining the blood vessels. (medscape.com)
- The platelets arise from the fragmentation of the cytoplasm of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow and circulate in blood as disc-shaped anucleate particles for 7-10 days. (medscape.com)
- Under physiological circumstances, the resistance of the endothelial cell lining to interactions with platelets and coagulation factors prevents thrombosis. (medscape.com)
- Platelets play a primary role in this process, interacting with subendothelium-bound von Willebrand factor (vWf) via the membrane glycoprotein (GP) Ib complex. (medscape.com)
Oral anticoagulants1
- This may be acquired by vitamin K deficiency or oral anticoagulants like warfarin therapy. (labpedia.net)
Serine protease3
- Antithrombin's anticoagulant effect results from its inactivation of certain coagulation factors, for the most part IIa and Xa, by enzymatic cleavage (serine protease). (medscape.com)
- FXI is a zymogen, and when activated by factor XIIa or thrombin or when it is autoactivated, FXI becomes a trypsinlike serine protease. (medscape.com)
- Factor XI is synthesized in the liver and megakaryocytes and is an 80-kd zymogen precursor of a serine protease. (medscape.com)
Prevalence8
- These global trends suggest that the prevalence rates of MDD and coronary heart disease (CHD) are increasing in parallel, and emerging data suggest a high degree of symptomatic comorbidity. (hindawi.com)
- Case-patients with general location a high prevalence who intend to stay for more than 3 pulmonary disease were allocated to the pulmonary TB months ( 26 ). (cdc.gov)
- For instance, in a European study involving more than 8500 postmenopausal women, the prevalence of 25(OH)D deficiency reached 32.1% when considering the cutoff value of 20 ng/mL [ 9 ], while in Indian, Chinese, and US populations of postmenopausal women, the estimated prevalence rates were 53.3%, 72.1%, and 53%, respectively [ 10 - 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Prevalence and risk of individual thrombophilic markers with a time line representing their discovery[ 1 ] Despite the expansion of these methods, the following years brought forth discoveries of defects on a molecular basis, which posed decreasing risks of thrombosis, as can be seen in Fig 1 . (intechopen.com)
- The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency increases in countries furthest from the equator. (vitamindwiki.com)
- Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is considered as a high risk factor for preeclampsia, and on the other hand the prevalence of VDD is between 20 and 40 percent in pregnant women (5). (ac.ir)
- We found a high prevalence of suboptimal vitamin D status in Iranian adults throughout the year, irrespec- tive of latitude and season. (who.int)
- Periodontitis has even higher prevalence in developing countries and considerable global variation, although the prevalence of severe generalized disease appears to be similar in most populations [5]. (bvsalud.org)
Iodine deficiency6
- Thus, iodine deficiency was, in the past, the main pathogenic factor responsible, through a transient rise in TSH secretion, for the endemic nodular goiter with the characteristic colloid thyroid nodules among the inhabitants in iodine deficient areas. (mdpi.com)
- Iodine deficiency-induced hypothyroidism has adverse effects in all stages of development but is most damaging to the developing brain. (oregonstate.edu)
- Maternal iodine deficiency during pregnancy can result in maternal and fetal hypothyroidism, as well as miscarriage, preterm birth, and neurological impairments in offspring. (oregonstate.edu)
- Even in areas with voluntary/mandatory iodization programs and in iodine- replete countries, pregnant women, lactating mothers, and young infants are among the most vulnerable to iodine deficiency due to their special requirements during these life stages. (oregonstate.edu)
- More than 120 countries worldwide have introduced programs of salt fortification with iodine in order to correct iodine deficiency in populations. (oregonstate.edu)
- Iodine deficiency is an important health problem throughout much of the world. (oregonstate.edu)
Hemophilia11
- unlike the soft tissue bleeds and hemarthroses that characterize hemophilia A and B, abnormal bleeding in FXI deficiency typically involves mucosal tissues, which are rich in fibrinolytic activity (eg, the oral and nasal cavities and urinary tract). (medscape.com)
- The coagulation defect in plasma from these patients was corrected on mixing with plasma from patients with hemophilia, indicating that these patients lacked a factor different from those involved in hemophilia. (medscape.com)
- [ 1 ] This disorder was found in both sexes and was understood to be inherited but was identified as being a less severe abnormality than that observed with hemophilia A and B. Hence, older terms for this disorder included Rosenthal syndrome, PTA deficiency, and hemophilia C. (medscape.com)
- [ 10 ] which, though significant, are not as severe as those seen in hemophilia A or hemophilia B . This finding reflects the important role factor XI plays in hemostasis. (medscape.com)
- Patients who develop antibodies to the coagulation factors usually prescribed for hemophilia have a complicated treatment," said study leader Paris Margaritis, DPhil , a hematology researcher in the Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP). (chop.edu)
- in hemophilia B, factor IX is impaired. (chop.edu)
- Managing hemophilia may involve a series of measures and countermeasures, in which clinicians make use of blood factors. (chop.edu)
- However, one-third of patients with hemophilia A and up to 5 percent with hemophilia B develop inhibitors from this factor replacement therapy that render the treatment ineffective. (chop.edu)
- For those relapsed patients, the only alternative is to implement a bypass strategy, infusing other compounds that enable the blood to coagulate: activated recombinant clotting factor VIIa, activated prothrombin complex, or more recently, an antibody that has just been approved by the FDA for all hemophilia A patients. (chop.edu)
- Factor that reached a specific level in the bloodstream reduced bleeding in the hemophilia A rats, and at a higher level, eliminated those bleeds altogether. (chop.edu)
- He added, "Because factor VIIa bypasses the need for factor VIII or IX, it should work in both hemophilia A and hemophilia B. Furthermore, it works whether or not inhibitors are present in the blood. (chop.edu)
Rickets1
- Vitamin D deficiency leads to rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults, and long-term insufficiency contributes to osteoporosis [ 2 , 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Cellular3
- Furie B, Furie BC: Molecular and cellular biology of blood coagulation. (karger.com)
- Better understanding of the cellular and molecular pathophysiological mechanisms regulating adipocyte size, number and depot-dependent expansion has become a focus of interest over recent decades. (springer.com)
- At the molecular and cellular level, TAMs showed distinct expression patterns, whereby monocytes expressed Axl and Mertk, but no Tyro3, while neutrophils expressed Axl and Tyro3 but little Mertk. (bvsalud.org)
Thyroid-stimula1
- Among the main stimulatory factors are the pituitary tropic hormones, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or thyrotropin and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which regulate the growth and function of their respective target cells, and the insulin/insulin-like growth factor system, that, through its mitogenic effects, can stimulate the proliferation of these cells. (mdpi.com)
Heparin7
- The anti-factor Xa assay is designed to measure plasma heparin (unfractionated heparin [UH] and low-molecular weight heparin [LMWH]) levels and to monitor anticoagulant therapy. (medscape.com)
- A high level of anti-Xa may be seen if the patient has renal impairment (in the case of LMWH)or if the specimen is contaminated with heparin (specimen drawn from lines containing heparin). (medscape.com)
- Lengthening of APTT depends on the type of heparin used, the circulating heparin concentration and the sampling time in relation to the time of heparin administration. (stago.com)
- Reagents used to determine Quick's time contain heparin inhibitor that renders them insensitive to heparin up to a specific circulating concentration of the latter substance. (stago.com)
- Determination of anti-Xa activity may be used to identify the presence of a direct or indirect inhibitor (heparin) of activated factor X. (stago.com)
- A high level of heparin interferes with test results. (labpedia.net)
- Insulin-like growth factor-II and heparin are anti-apoptotic survival factors in human villous cytotrophoblast. (mdx.ac.uk)
Occlusion1
- A study by Gill et al indicated that greater genetically determined levels of factor XI increase the risk of ischemic stroke arising from cardioembolisms, while not impacting ischemic stroke risk associated with large artery atherosclerosis or small artery occlusion. (medscape.com)
Insufficiency1
- Deficiency or insufficiency in any of these vitamins can negatively affect immune function and can increase the susceptibility to infection. (creighton.edu)
Mediterranean Region1
- Age-adjusted disability-adjusted life years lost due to cardiovascular disease in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, including in the Islamic Republic of Iran, are higher than the global average. (who.int)
Cytokines1
- Circulating inflammatory cytokines were significantly elevated and plasma adipokine levels were abnormally regulated in aged MTMR14 KO mice. (biomedcentral.com)
Thrombin2
- [ 1 ] Factor XI enhances generation of thrombin at the platelet surface. (medscape.com)
- The deficiency of prothrombin will delay thrombin formation, leading to hemorrhagic symptoms. (labpedia.net)
Significantly5
- The authors suggested that the risk of venous thrombosis and ischemic stroke may be significantly reduced by pharmacologic inhibition of factor XI, with no clear evidence demonstrating that this therapy would increase the risk for major bleeding. (medscape.com)
- Higher 25[OH]D concentration was significantly correlated with elevated risk of prostate cancer (RR =1.15, 95% CI 1.06-1.24). (dovepress.com)
- Dietary copper deficiency has been shown to significantly reduce acetylcholine (Ach)‐induced vascular smooth muscle relaxation. (iospress.com)
- The associations between vitamin D status and COVID-19 risk continue to strengthen, with new data from Quest Diagnostics and Boston University indicating that people with deficiency in the sunshine vitamin may have a significantly higher positivity rate for SARS-CoV-2, the coronavirus that causes COVID-19. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
- Similarly, the range of erythrocyte count of healthy patients was significantly higher (3.69-5.29 million/µl) than chronic periodontitis patients (3.33-5.97 million/µl). (bvsalud.org)
Mice5
- In mice, knockout of the gene for factor XI does not lead to death in utero. (medscape.com)
- Here, we demonstrate that a systemic factor found in the circulation of young mice is able to increase the proliferation rate of old pancreatic β-cells. (diabetesjournals.org)
- Pear1 deficiency in aged mice spontaneously causes alveolar collagens accumulation. (bvsalud.org)
- A CCL4 deficiency in mice promotes the development of autoantibodies, possibly as a result of compromised regulatory T cell recruitment (6). (rndsystems.com)
- Further, deficiency of Hv1 directly influenced microglia activation as noted by decrease in microglia numbers, soma size and reduced outward rectifier K + current density in Hv1 -/- mice compared to WT mice at 7d following SCI. (researchsquare.com)
Functional assays1
- When compared to functional assays, molecular assays provide clear results without different cut-off values. (intechopen.com)
Concentration9
- [ 5 ] and are provided in concentration of anti-factor Xa (units/mL). (medscape.com)
- FXI circulates at a concentration of approximately 5 mcg/mL. (medscape.com)
- The results are then compared to a standard curve[4] and are provided in concentration of anti-factor Xa (units/mL). (medscape.com)
- We carried out a dose-response meta-analysis to quantitatively examine the association of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentration with prostate cancer. (dovepress.com)
- Only prospective studies examining the associations of circulating 25[OH]D concentration with prostate cancer were eligible for the meta-analysis. (dovepress.com)
- A random-effect meta-analysis was done first, to calculate the summary relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) comparing the higher concentration with the lower concentration of 25[OH]D. A dose-response meta-analysis using random-effects model was then carried out to evaluate the nonlinearity and calculate the summary RR caused per 10 ng/mL increment. (dovepress.com)
- Dose-response meta-analysis showed that the summary RR caused per 10 ng/mL increment in circulating 25[OH]D concentration was 1.04 (95% CI 1.02-1.06). (dovepress.com)
- 17 Meta-analyses of epidemiological studies have suggested that higher circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentration is correlated with decreased risks of several common cancers, such as colorectal cancer and bladder cancer. (dovepress.com)
- 18 , 19 Considering the preventive effect of vitamin D against cancer, many researchers also studied the association of circulating 25[OH]D concentration with prostate cancer. (dovepress.com)
Levels14
- Consequently, higher levels of LMWH or UH in the sample lead to lower chromogenic intensity. (medscape.com)
- Employing data related to genetic variants that alter factor XI levels, the investigators found that in these individuals, the odds ratios (ORs) for venous thrombosis and ischemic stroke were 0.1 and 0.47, respectively, with the OR for major bleeding being 0.7. (medscape.com)
- Hence, not surprisingly, postmenopausal women from different countries were reported to be particularly vulnerable to vitamin D deficiency, which leads numerous international health authorities and medical societies to produce recommendations for the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis by maintaining adequate vitamin D levels by supplementation. (hindawi.com)
- Under experimental stress, there is increased masseter activity, which returns to baseline levels upon relaxation ( 12 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
- For the first time, we have threshold levels of factor VIIa for prophylactic use," said Margaritis. (chop.edu)
- Some countries have areas with high natural fluoride levels in the water. (fluoridealert.org)
- The results suggest that the biovalence transformation of high levels of selenite may involve a dithiol system. (iospress.com)
- Lead interferes with the synthesis of heme, resulting in accumulation of ALA in tissues and elevated excretion of ALA in urine, elevation of zinc protoporphyrin in erythrocyte, reductions in blood hemoglobin, and in a hypochromic, normocytic anemia at higher levels of exposure. (cdc.gov)
- At higher levels of exposure in humans, lead produces cardiac lesions and electrocardiographic abnormalities. (cdc.gov)
- Data published in PLoS ONE indicated that, compared to people with sufficient levels of vitamin D (blood level 25-hydroxyvitamin D of at least 30 ng/mL), people with a vitamin D deficiency (blood level 25-hydroxyvitamin D less than 20 ng/mL) have a 54% higher SARS-CoV-2 positivity rate. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
- When the researchers separated the individual according to 25(OH)D levels they found that the SARS-CoV-2 positivity rate was higher for those with vitamin D deficiency, compared to those with adequate or higher vitamin D levels. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
- When circulating T 4 levels decrease, the pituitary gland increases its secretion of TSH, resulting in increased iodine trapping, as well as increased production and release of both T 3 and T 4 . (oregonstate.edu)
- Taking vitamin B6 by mouth, usually with folic acid, is effective for treating high homocysteine levels in the blood. (medlineplus.gov)
- Generally, the healthy group reported higher levels of EC, HGB, MCV and MCH than the periodontitis group. (bvsalud.org)
Risk36
- Here evidence implicating omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid deficiency in the pathoaetiology of CHD and MDD is reviewed, and the hypothesis that n-3 fatty acid deficiency is a preventable risk factor for CHD comorbidity in MDD patients is evaluated. (hindawi.com)
- A rapidly emerging body of evidence suggests that membrane omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid deficiency is a preventable risk factor for both CHD [ 18 ] and MDD [ 19 ]. (hindawi.com)
- To evaluate the hypothesis that n-3 fatty acid deficiency is a risk factor for CHD morbidity and mortality in MDD, it is important to consider that the age at onset for unipolar and bipolar depression peaks in young adulthood (15-19 years) [ 24 , 25 ], whereas CHD mortality peaks substantially later (75-84 years) [ 26 ]. (hindawi.com)
- In North Algeria, the abundant sunlight appears insufficient to fully offset hypovitaminosis D risk factors in postmenopausal women, especially obesity and veiling. (hindawi.com)
- This finding of a low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level can be useful as an independent factor in assessing coronary artery disease (CAD) risk and further management. (medscape.com)
- the level of HDL considered to be a significant risk factor was changed from less than 35 mg/dL to less than 40 mg/dL. (medscape.com)
- In the present guidelines, low HDL cholesterol both modifies the goal for LDL-lowering therapy and is used as a risk factor to estimate 10-year risk for CHD. (medscape.com)
- Risk factors for insulin resistance include obesity , sedentary lifestyle , family history of diabetes, various health conditions, and certain medications. (wikipedia.org)
- There are a number of risk factors for insulin resistance, including being overweight or obese or having a sedentary lifestyle . (wikipedia.org)
- [1] Various genetic factors can increase risk, such as a family history of diabetes, and there are some specific medical conditions associated with insulin resistance, such as polycystic ovary syndrome . (wikipedia.org)
- Foods that have independently been linked to insulin resistance include those high in sugar with high glycemic indices , low in omega-3 and fiber, and which are hyperpalatable which increases risk of overeating. (wikipedia.org)
- Venous thrombosis is a multifactorial disease frequently related to the interaction of genetic and environmental risk factors. (intechopen.com)
- Some of the recently discovered genetic risk factors, such as factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A mutations, are quite common in the population. (intechopen.com)
- 5 - 7 There are a number of risk factors for prostate cancer reported in published literatures, such as vasectomy and alcohol intake. (dovepress.com)
- 8 - 10 However, there is still limited number of modifiable risk factors identified for prostate cancer and more studies are needed to identify some modifiable risk factors associated with prostate cancer. (dovepress.com)
- Certain inhibitors, particularly specific inhibitors directed against factor VIII, result in exposure to extensive hemorrhagic risk . (stago.com)
- 10 Differentiating between a primary complement-mediated process and one triggered by secondary factors is critical since the former is nonresponsive to supportive therapy and has a high risk of recurrence. (jrheum.org)
- "Our findings provide further rationale to explore the role of vitamin D supplementation in reducing the risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease," wrote the researchers, led by Harvey Kaufman, MD, from Quest Diagnostics and Michael Holick, PhD, MD, professor of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics and Molecular Medicine at Boston University Medical Campus. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
- In the interim, the authors recommend responsible vitamin D supplementation based on personal needs, risk factors, and advice from personal physicians in accordance with existing Endocrine Society Guidelines. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
- Evidence linking sunlight, vitamin D, and the risk of multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes is summarized to develop the thesis that vitamin D is the environmental factor that most strongly influences autoimmune disease development. (frontiersin.org)
- Multiple sclerosis and T1D have distinct target organs, genetic risk factors, onset ages, and female to male ratios, but target organ-specific T cells as initiators unite these diseases. (frontiersin.org)
- There is a higher risk of developing preeclampsia superimposed on chronic hypertension in older women. (ac.ir)
- Anal intercourse for both receptive and insertive partners has a higher risk versus vaginal intercourse, and vaginal intercourse is a higher risk act compared to oral intercourse. (benthamscience.com)
- However, the risk varies widely depending on differences in factors such as co-occurrence with other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), level of viral load, stage of disease, and circumcision. (benthamscience.com)
- Low folate status has also been linked to recurrent pregnancy loss, low birth weight and a variety of age-related high risk complications of pregnancy. (drmyattswellnessclub.com)
- The risk of iodine-induced hyperthyroidism is especially high in older people with multi-nodular goiter. (oregonstate.edu)
- Screening and early diagnosis have profound effects on the prognosis of individuals with colorectal cancer, and recognizing those at high risk may save lives through early detection. (naturalmedicinejournal.com)
- In addition, many evidence-based nutritional interventions exist that may reduce the risk of developing colorectal cancer in those at high risk. (naturalmedicinejournal.com)
- 4 Primary care practitioners are uniquely positioned to influence adherence to screening procedures, recognize those at highest risk of disease, and address modifiable risk factors in their patients. (naturalmedicinejournal.com)
- In addition to genetic syndromes and IBD, established risk factors include age, personal history of adenomas, family history of colorectal cancer, diets high in fat and low in fruit/vegetables, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, and excessive alcohol intake. (naturalmedicinejournal.com)
- 3 A recent meta-analysis has suggested that diabetes mellitus is also an independent risk factor. (naturalmedicinejournal.com)
- 9 Identifying the risk factors relevant for individual patients provides an opportunity for clinicians to educate patients on how to modify their risk. (naturalmedicinejournal.com)
- To assess the effects of latitude and season on vitamin D status in the Iranian population and the association be- tween vitamin D status and certain cardiometabolic risk factors. (who.int)
- Most of risk factors of CVD are modifiable and it has determinants of coetaneous vitamin D biosynthesis ( 4 ). (who.int)
- been estimated that by reducing CVD risk factors, some Most common diets do not contain natural sources of 100 million lives could be saved globally ( 10 ). (who.int)
- Antiviral chemoprophylaxis is recommended for the prevention of influenza virus infection as an adjunct to vaccination in certain individuals, especially exposed children who are at high risk for To cite: AAP Committee on Infectious Diseases. (cdc.gov)
Respiratory1
- Calves may develop diseases, among which respiratory diseases (e.g., bovine respiratory diseases, BRD) and enteric diseases are most frequently observed ( 10 - 12 ). (frontiersin.org)
Colorectal Cancer3
- Liquid Biopsy Assessment of Molecular Residual Disease in Localized Colorectal Cancer: Is It Ready for Prime Time? (cdc.gov)
- The incidence of colorectal cancer is highest in Western populations. (naturalmedicinejournal.com)
- 12 One study from the United Kingdom showed that concomitant signs and symptoms with rectal bleeding doubles the likelihood of a colorectal cancer diagnosis. (naturalmedicinejournal.com)
Exposure3
- Lack of exposure to sunlight, which is the primary source of vitamin D, poor nutrition, and a decrease in the capacity to produce vitamin D 3 in the skin are the main hypothesized causative factors of vitamin D inadequacy in this subpopulation [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Our skin can produce approximately 10,000 IU of Vitamin D in response to as little as 30 minutes of unprotected summer sun exposure - but obviously this is neither practical nor even possible for many people and so vitamin D deficiency is very common. (drmyattswellnessclub.com)
- Human exposure may occur via inhalation due to the high vapor pressure of iodomethane. (cdc.gov)
Prothrombin5
- Lengthening of Quick's time occurs in the event of a deficiency of factor I (fibrinogen), factor II (prothrombin), factor V (proconvertin), factor VII (proaccelerin) or factor X (Stuart factor). (stago.com)
- Lengthening of activated partial thromboplastin time indicates deficiency of factor I (fibrinogen), factor II (prothrombin), factor V (proconvertin), factor X (Stuart factor), factor VIII (antihemophilic factor A), factor IX (antihemophilic factor B), factor XI (Rosenthal factor) or factor XII (Hageman factor). (stago.com)
- Prothrombin (Factor II). (labpedia.net)
- Prothrombin is a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 71,600 daltons in the blood and plasma. (labpedia.net)
- Prothrombin is a vitamin K-dependent clotting factor. (labpedia.net)
Rosenthal1
- Rosenthal and colleagues first described factor XI deficiency in 1953. (medscape.com)
Fibrinogen3
- Fibrinogen (Factor 1). (labpedia.net)
- Fibrinogen (factor I) converts to Fibrin. (labpedia.net)
- The alpha granules contain hemostatic proteins such as fibrinogen, vWf, and growth factors (eg, platelet-derived growth factor and transforming growth factors). (medscape.com)
Recurrence1
- A study by Kyrle et al reported that in patients who had experienced an unprovoked venous thromboembolism (VTE), the 10-year probability of VTE recurrence was 31% in individuals below the 34th percentile for factor XIa, compared with 43% for those between the 34th and 67th percentiles, and 41% for patients in a higher percentile. (medscape.com)
Etiology4
- This review summarizes and integrates research on vitamin D and CD4 + T-lymphocyte biology to develop new mechanistic insights into the molecular etiology of autoimmune disease. (frontiersin.org)
- A deep understanding of molecular mechanisms relevant to gene-environment interactions is needed to deliver etiology-based autoimmune disease prevention and treatment strategies. (frontiersin.org)
- Indeed, "functional and mechanistic work on the molecular etiology of disease remains one of the major challenges in modern biology" ( 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
- Finally, unanswered questions relating to vitamin D mechanisms in CD4 + T cells are highlighted to promote further research that may lead to a deeper understanding of autoimmune disease molecular etiology. (frontiersin.org)
Dietary2
- Dietary factors are likely to contribute to insulin resistance. (wikipedia.org)
- On the basis of dietary balance studies, gastrointestinal absorption of lead in children appears to be higher and may account for 40-50% of the ingested dose. (cdc.gov)
Thromboplastin antecedent2
- [ 3 ] They identified the abnormality as a deficiency in a clotting factor, which they termed plasma thromboplastin antecedent (PTA). (medscape.com)
- Plasma thromboplastin antecedent (Factor XI). (labpedia.net)
Occurrence3
- Nevertheless, there is accumulating evidence of the frequent occurrence of subclinical vitamin D deficiency in populations living in sunny countries [ 13 - 17 ]. (hindawi.com)
- It seems that inadequate placental blood flow causes increased release of substances that stimulate endothelium and play significant role in the occurrence and severity of this disease (12). (ac.ir)
- Despite a remarkable reduction in the occurrence of many micronutrient deficiencies in most countries, vitamin D deficiency has remained a global problem. (who.int)
Disease5
- No disease, not even tooth decay, is caused by a " fluoride deficiency . (fluoridealert.org)
- 7 - 9 A TMA is called "primary" when a genetic or acquired defect in a complement protein is identified (as in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome [aHUS]) or "secondary" when occurring in the context of another disease process or factor such as infection, autoimmune disease, malignancy, or drugs. (jrheum.org)
- The predominance of one or the other of these growth stimulatory factors appears to determine the natural history of thyroid and adrenal nodular disease. (mdpi.com)
- We provided evidence of the different factor involved in the metabolism of vitamin D and vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression, gene regulations, immune function, and chronic disease when vitamin D is used optimally. (ac.ir)
- Periodontitis in itself, is a chronic infectious disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth, with multiple related factors [6]. (bvsalud.org)
Synthesis1
- FXI deficiency can result from mutations that impair either the synthesis of the FXI molecule or the secretion of the FXI molecule from the producing cell. (medscape.com)
Inhibitors2
- A long-term technique called immune tolerance induction uses repeated injections of factor to eliminate inhibitors, but more than 40 percent of patients fail this therapy. (chop.edu)
- Treatment with direct inhibitors of activated factor X ( rivaroxaban, apixaban ) causes lengthening of Quick's time and of APTT. (stago.com)
Deficient1
- Absorption is strongly affected by nutritional status, with higher absorption of lead in children who are iron deficient. (cdc.gov)
Mechanisms1
- There are multiple mechanisms by which factor XI can be activated. (medscape.com)
XIIa1
- It can be activated in vitro by activated factor XII (XIIa). (medscape.com)
Bone3
- BMAT, by its "specific marrow location, and its adipocyte origin from at least LepR+ marrow MSC is separated from non-bone fat storage by larger expression of bone transcription factors", and likely indicates a different fat phenotype. (wikipedia.org)
- Elevated FGF23 would be a novel addition to the list of factors affecting bone mineral density in this context. (biomedcentral.com)
- Of these structures, periodontal ligament is a dynamic tissue with a high rate of remodeling and turnover, which connects the teeth to the alveolar bone [1]. (bvsalud.org)
Calcium4
- Activation of factor IX by activated factor XI (XIa) is calcium-dependent but requires no other cofactors. (medscape.com)
- Ionized Calcium (Factor IV). (labpedia.net)
- The dense granules contain proaggregatory factors such as ADP, calcium, and 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). (medscape.com)
- Calcium deficiency also may increase lead absorption, based on studies in children. (cdc.gov)
Populations1
- However, despite the presence of abundant sunlight, the incidence of vitamin D deficiency is high even among those who live within 1,000 km of the equator, such as the populations of India, Sri Lanka, and Far Eastern, Middle Eastern, and Persian Gulf countries [1-4]. (vitamindwiki.com)
Severity1
- Earlier this year, researchers from Trinity College in Dublin, Ireland suggested that vitamin D deficiency plays an important role in the severity of COVID-19 infections. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
Susceptibility2
- The combination of the indicated challenges and the immature physiological systems of the calves may explain the high susceptibility of calves to infections. (frontiersin.org)
- There are no benefits (see reasons #11-19), only risks (see reasons #21-36), for infants ingesting this heightened level of fluoride at such an early age (an age where susceptibility to environmental toxins is particularly high). (fluoridealert.org)
Incidence2
- The incidence is alarmingly on the rise, and environmental factors are increasingly suspected to play a role. (blogspot.com)
- in women who are pregnant with twins, the incidence of high blood pressure is 13% (13). (ac.ir)
Abundant1
- It is most abundant and has the longest half-life of the vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. (labpedia.net)
Adequate1
- The presence of adequate circulating T 4 and T 3 feeds back at the level of both the hypothalamus and pituitary, decreasing TRH and TSH production ( Figure 2 ). (oregonstate.edu)
Secondary2
- The ATP III reported, "When a low HDL cholesterol is associated with high triglycerides (200-499 mg/dL), secondary priority goes to achieving the non-HDL cholesterol goal. (medscape.com)
- Identify and correct secondary factors. (medscape.com)
Supplementation1
- Supplementation becomes essential, but should be done carefully at higher doses. (drmyattswellnessclub.com)
Humans4
- While factor VIIa continues to be widely used, we still don't know what the level of circulating factor VIIa needs to be in order to use it safely on a prophylactic basis in humans," said Margaritis. (chop.edu)
- Meanwhile, sunlight provides vitamin D that is essential for humans and has additional multi-system benefits, many of are still less understood [12]. (vitamindwiki.com)
- Gastrointestinal absorption of soluble lead salts in adult humans can be high during fasting (40-50%), but is about 3-15% when ingested with food. (cdc.gov)
- Data demonstrated that humans are less sensitive to the effect that causes developmental toxicity in rabbits and the PBPK model incorporated this information, resulting in a higher HEC for the developmental endpoint than for the nasal endpoint. (cdc.gov)
Pathogenesis1
- Its cause remains unknown, despite evidence that genetic, environmental, and immunological factors may play a role in its pathogenesis. (blogspot.com)
Daltons1
- The androgen testosterone (17 -hydroxyandrostenone) has a molecular weight of 288 daltons. (cdc.gov)
Industrialized countries1
- In many countries, TB cases in developing countries, the number of cases in patients from Asian origin are known to have a higher inci- industrialized countries is stable or decreasing ( 2 - 4 ). (cdc.gov)
Prevalent1
- Some studies have shown that vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent among women suffering from preeclampsia, influencing immune modulation and vascular function. (ac.ir)
Protein2
Thrombosis1
- [ 7 ] In a mouse model, factor XI appears to play a greater role in thrombosis than in hemostasis. (medscape.com)
Diagram1
- Diagram from the traditional cascade-waterfall model of coagulation shows the place of factor XI in the intrinsic pathway, which leads to the common pathway. (medscape.com)
Patients4
- Margaritis explained that the thresholds of circulating factor VIIa that prevented bleeding episodes in animals can be incorporated into future clinical trials in patients. (chop.edu)
- 65 years) was 4 months vs 12 months in younger patients (P = 0.0007). (scirp.org)
- For the new study, the researchers analyzed data from 191,779 patients from all 50 states with SARS-CoV-2 results and matching 25(OH)D results from the preceding 12 months. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
- Whilst MCV was higher in healthy patients but non-significant, higher mean MCH of 27.75 ± 3.25 pg/cell was reported in healthy patients compared to mean of 25.73 ± 3.22 pg/cell in patients with chronic periodontitis. (bvsalud.org)
Modifiable1
- It is thought that the reason for this is largely modifiable lifestyle factors. (naturalmedicinejournal.com)