Chromosome alleles. Medical search. Frequent questions

Age-related macular degeneration segregated as an autosomal-dominant trait, with the disease locus mapping to chromosome 1q25-q31 between markers D1S466 and D1S413, with a multipoint lod score of 3.00. (nih.gov)
The earliness per se locus Eps-A(m)1 was recently mapped within a 0.8 cM interval on chromosome 1A(m)L of diploid wheat Triticum monococcum L., and it was shown that its effect was modulated by temperature. (cas.cz)
Experiments using NILs homozygous for chromosomes with recombination events within the 0.8 cM Eps-A(m)1 region showed that the differences in number of spikelets per spike were linked to the differences in heading time controlled by the Eps-A(m)1 locus. (cas.cz)
This locus would reach statistical significance if the X chromosome had been analyzed the same way as an autosome. (jax.org)
Our results unveiled that chromosomal or inter-locus interactions of potentially interacting alleles played a major role in non-additive mode of genetic regulation of several fiber traits. (usda.gov)
Basic chromosome numbers and ploidy were inferred from chromosome counts and the maximum number of alleles per locus. (ufz.de)

A chromosome contains a single, long piece of DNA with many different genes. (cdc.gov)
Each chromosome contains sections of DNA called genes. (medlineplus.gov)
that is, each chromosome pair has the same genes. (medlineplus.gov)
The genes that have these variations are called alleles. (medlineplus.gov)
Both hemophilia A and B are inherited in the same way, because both the genes for factor VIII and factor IX are located on the X chromosome (chromosomes are structures within the body's cells that contain the genes). (cdc.gov)
There are no genes for clotting factors on the Y chromosome. (cdc.gov)
Of those genes, about 7,600 have different expressions (alleles) that do different jobs in males and females. (nbcnews.com)
In flies and humans, thousands of genes made up of DNA are packaged into tiny units called chromosomes. (nbcnews.com)
Many genes are found on the X chromosome, whereas few are associated with the Y chromosome. (nbcnews.com)
For female fruit flies, the X-chromosome genes can come in two flavors called alleles that not only interact with each other but also with other genes. (nbcnews.com)
While not as prominent a trend, they also found a similar pattern in so-called autosomal genes, which are those found on any chromosome save the sex chromosomes. (nbcnews.com)
Many of the fruit-fly autosomal genes, however, did work in concert with genes located on the X chromosome. (nbcnews.com)
Our previous studies revealed that chromosome substitution is an exceptionally effective means of introgessing valuable genes from other species in Upland cotton. (usda.gov)
This type of interplay between alleles, especially when traits are influenced by multiple genes, makes predicting inheritance difficult, if not impossible. (utah.edu)
For genes that appear only on the X chromosome or only on the Y (some do appear on both), males inherit just one copy. (utah.edu)
Traits that involve genes on the sex chromosomes have different inheritance patterns than non-sex-linked traits. (utah.edu)
Color-blindness and Duchenne muscular dystrophy, for example, are linked to genes on the X chromosome. (utah.edu)
Both genes are higly polymorphic, and to date, 35 different alleles have been described. (lu.se)

Our aim was to delineate a map of the genetic alterations on chromosome 17 in a given set of breast tumors. (cnrs.fr)
Cytogenetic and molecular genetic studies have shown frequent losses on the long arm of chromosome 14 in different types of human gliomas. (nih.gov)
The genetic defect responsible for NF2 is a deletion of a portion of chromosome 22-the same chromosomal abnormality found in spontaneous spinal schwannomas-indicating that a single location causes Schwann cell tumor growth. (medscape.com)
In addition, it provides further support for models in which genetic conflicts, such as those caused by meiotic drive alleles, can drive speciation. (elifesciences.org)
The chromosomes are made up of strands of genetic information called DNA. (medlineplus.gov)
Carrier screening is a term used to describe genetic testing that is performed on an individual who does not have any overt phenotype for a genetic disorder but may have one variant allele within a gene(s) associated with a diagnosis. (acog.org)
Chromosomes are thread-like structures located inside the nucleus of cells that contain genetic information. (proprofs.com)
Genetic markers on chromosome 15 were excluded due to proximity to the Sox10 mutation. (jax.org)
In this report, we have extended this principle by analyzing chromosome substitutions of G. hirsutum involving germplasm from two alien species of Gossypium barbadense (CS-B) and Gossypium tomentosum (CS-T), creating even greater opportunities for breeding use and genetic inference. (usda.gov)
This research could be useful beyond cotton for exploitation of new and diverse sources of variation for the genetic improvement of other crops such as wheat and rice where a substantial number of chromosome substitution lines are already available. (usda.gov)
Here we report for the first time on the development of a set of unique genetic materials by infusing beneficial alleles from three different species in a common genetic background of Upland cotton. (usda.gov)
Chromosomes appear only immediately prior to cell division and are made up of 2 exact copies of genetic material (chromatids). (perkins.org)
These are chromosomes containing the same genetic content and that are the same size and shape. (perkins.org)
The variable expression of the 22q11.2 phenotype is thought to be due to genetic modifiers on either the other 22q11.2 allele or on other chromosomes. (cdc.gov)

Prior to the first meiotic division, homologous chromosomes pair, synapse, and recombine to ensure their proper disjunction at anaphase I. Additionally, telomeres tethered at the nuclear envelope cluster in the bouquet configuration where they are subjected to dramatic pulling forces acting from outside of the nucleus. (biorxiv.org)
These chromosomes are organized into pairs, with each pair consisting of two homologous chromosomes. (proprofs.com)
This model can be used in 2 colors for low vision students to indicate homologous chromosomes. (perkins.org)

DNA is packaged into small units called chromosomes. (cdc.gov)

Data presented here point strongly to the existence of 5 distinct regions of allele losses on chromosome 17: 2 on 17p, 3 on 17q. (cnrs.fr)

In the Mongolian native breed, the allele Kh was less frequent (20%) than its dominant KL (80%), in the Govi Gurban Saihan breed,and the frequency of the alleles were also 5 and 95%, respectively. (academicjournals.org)
The involvement of chromosome 19 in AD has been associated with apoliprotein E (ApoE) and the epsi4 gene frequency has been related to increased risk and early onset of AD. (lu.se)
Our analysis of frequency of the ApoE alleles in 38 patients with AD, 21 patients with FTD and 29 normal controls indicates an association of both AD and FTD with an increased frequency of the epsi4 allele and in AD also with homozygosity for epsi4. (lu.se)
Allele frequency of the alternate allele. (lu.se)

SMC5/6 is required for replication fork stability and faithful chromosome segregation during neurogenesis. (nih.gov)
Chromosome segregation errors during meiosis are the leading cause of birth defects and developmental delays in humans ( H assold and H unt 2001 ). (biorxiv.org)
Special treatment of the X chromosome was utilized in this analysis to account for sex chromosome segregation behavior. (jax.org)

These consist of 2 chromosomes that determine what sex they are (X and Y chromosomes), and 22 pairs of nonsex (autosomal) chromosomes. (medlineplus.gov)
Each pair of autosomal chromosomes contains one chromosome from the mother and one from the father. (medlineplus.gov)
In a pair of autosomal chromosomes, there are two copies of each gene, one from each parent. (medlineplus.gov)
117 autosomal markers and 6 markers on the X chromosome were screened. (jax.org)

So in a female if you have a recessive allele that confers a sickness, it can be concealed within the two X's but if you've only got one, such as the male, you're more open to selection. (nbcnews.com)
This allele confers increased gut length compared to C57BL/6J. (jax.org)

females have two X chromosomes (XX) and males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome (XY). (cdc.gov)
This means that males only have one allele for factor VIII and one allele for factor IX. (cdc.gov)
In this case, the females have two X chromosomes (XX) and males, XY. (nbcnews.com)
Males only have one X chromosome, so what you see is what you get. (nbcnews.com)
Colorblindness is more common in males than in females because the allele for colorblindness is recessive and located on the X chromosome. (proprofs.com)
This means that males, who have only one X chromosome, are more likely to express the recessive allele if they inherit it. (proprofs.com)
Males, however, have one X and one Y chromosome. (utah.edu)
Unlike with X and Y, males have two Z chromosomes, and females have one Z and one W. Some insects and a few mammals have only an X chromosome. (utah.edu)
Both of these disorders are more common in males because they have just one X chromosome. (utah.edu)

Depth of the alternate allele at the variant location. (lu.se)

Chromosome substitution lines have been used in many crops to more easily move desirable alleles from one species to another. (usda.gov)
Using these chromosome substitution lines should provide a better way to transfer specific desirable alleles into upland cotton than crosses between the two species. (usda.gov)
Although hybrids of these two species inherit three chromosomes from each parent, the majority of spores (the yeast equivalent of sperm) that these hybrids produce fail to develop into new yeast cells. (elifesciences.org)

There are 22 pairs of numbered chromosomes, called autosomes, and one pair of sex chromosomes, which can be XX or XY. (cdc.gov)
Each pair contains two chromosomes, one from each parent, which means that children get half of their chromosomes from their mother and half from their father. (cdc.gov)
Mules are infertile because they inherit 32 chromosomes from their horse parent, but only 31 chromosomes from their donkey parent-and so have an odd chromosome that they cannot pair-off when they make sperm or egg cells. (elifesciences.org)
One pair of these is called the sex chromosome. (nbcnews.com)

For instance, if one allele is dominant over the other, that allele would get "expressed" while the recessive allele would stay hidden. (nbcnews.com)
Though under cover, the recessive allele kind of hitches a ride on the X chromosome and can be passed on to future generations. (nbcnews.com)
Recessive and located on the Y chromosome! (proprofs.com)
Females, on the other hand, have two X chromosomes, so they are more likely to be carriers of the recessive allele without showing the trait themselves. (proprofs.com)
The CF allele is recessive! (proprofs.com)
the allele KL, responsible for low potassium, is dominant compared to its recessive Kh allele which causes high levels of blood potassium. (academicjournals.org)

Mutation creates the different versions (or alleles) of the same gene. (utah.edu)
In the hypokalemic form, 70% of affected people have a mutation in the alpha-subunit of the voltage-sensitive muscle calcium channel gene on chromosome 1q (HypoPP type I). In some families, the mutation is in the alpha-subunit of the sodium channel gene on chromosome 17 (HypoPP type II). (msdmanuals.com)

C57BL/6J-derived alleles at Agln1 confer increased aganglionosis with an additive mode of inheritance. (jax.org)
C57BL/6J-derived alleles at Agln3 confer increased aganglionosis and affected gut length with additive inheritance. (jax.org)
C3HeB/FeJ-derived alleles at Agln1 confer increased gut length with dominant inheritance. (jax.org)
MOLD/Rk-derived alleles confer increased longevity by 110 days at Leg1. (jax.org)
CAST/Ei-derived alleles confer increased longevity by 110 days at Leg2. (jax.org)

Age-related macular degeneration localized to chromosome 1q25-q31 (gene symbol, ARMD1) as a dominant trait in a large family with a predominantly dry phenotype. (nih.gov)
This region contains the Twist gene, and we show that the [Pdt] phenotype is dependent upon a new allele of Twist. (pasteur.fr)
The Pluridigite phenotype thus results from the combination of a Twist mutant allele and at least two additional loci. (pasteur.fr)
The brush allele exhibited quantitative behavior since overexpression of the cluster subunits was required to suppress the brush phenotype. (elifesciences.org)
The alleles for blood groups lA and lB are codominant, which means that both alleles are expressed equally in the phenotype. (proprofs.com)

If the alleles of a gene are the same, the person is homozygous for the gene. (cdc.gov)

For all traits, except boll weight and lint yield, significant additive effects for one or more chromosomes from 3-79 in TM-1 background were greater than the corresponding TM-1 chromosome. (usda.gov)
In addition, we identified specific 3-79 chromosomes that carry alleles useful for improvements of specific fiber quality traits in Upland cotton. (usda.gov)

Whole genome scan of the 19 autosomes and X chromosome was performed on (C57BL/6J-Sox10 Dom x C3H/HeJ)F2 intercross animals using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) spaced ~18 cM apart. (jax.org)
C57BL/6J-derived alleles at Agln2 confer decreased aganglionosis severity and penetrance with an additive mode of inheritance. (jax.org)
On mouse Chromosome 10, a QTL associated with longevity (P = 2.6 x 10 -5 ), Leg2, was identified in a (ST/bJ x C57BL/6J)F1 x (CAST/Ei x DBA/2J)F1 population. (jax.org)

Loci of interests in the X-chromosome (DXS9895, GATA172D05 and DXS9898) were amplified in a single PCR with primers of published sequences (1-3). (astm.org)
We characterized eight microsatellite loci for K. pygmaea , which gave a maximum of four alleles per individual. (ufz.de)
The two isotypes are encoded by two distinct loci within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class III region on chromosome 6. (lu.se)

Chromosome-scale scaffolding of de novo genome assemblies based on chromatin interactions. (nature.com)
De novo assembly of the Aedes aegypti genome using Hi-C yields chromosome-length scaffolds. (nature.com)

At least three distinct meiotic drive alleles, one on each S. kambucha chromosome, independently contribute to hybrid infertility by causing nonrandom spore death. (elifesciences.org)
Surprisingly, the nup2Δ ndj1Δ double mutant failed to segregate chromosomes, even though the meiotic program continued. (biorxiv.org)
The events of meiotic prophase follow a specialized round of DNA replication when the meiotic chromosome axis is formed. (biorxiv.org)
A . Schematic of the bouquet configuration of chromosomes during meiotic prophase I. The spatial arrangement of chromosomes with telomeres clustered and attached at the inner nuclear membrane is shown. (biorxiv.org)

For the purpose of simplicity, both chromosome substitution (CS-B) lines and chromosome translocation (NTN) lines were called chromosome substitution lines (CSL). (usda.gov)

Several chromosome substitution lines have been developed in cotton. (usda.gov)
Results showed that several chromosome substitution lines carried alleles for agronomic or fiber improvements that could be transferred to upland cotton. (usda.gov)
Chrosome substitution lines (CSL) have chromosomes or arms from G. barbadense, line 3-79, substituted for the corresponding chromosome or arm in G. hirsutum in a near isogenic background of TM-1. (usda.gov)

If the alleles are different, the person is heterozygous for the gene. (cdc.gov)
A female with one hemophilia allele and one normal allele is called heterozygous or a carrier. (cdc.gov)
If a mother is heterozygous (a carrier) for hemophilia and the father does not have hemophilia, each son has a 1 in 2 (50%) chance of getting his mother's hemophilia allele and having hemophilia. (cdc.gov)
Each daughter has a 1 in 2 (50%) chance of getting her mother's hemophilia allele and being heterozygous. (cdc.gov)
A father who has hemophilia passes his only X chromosome down to all of his daughters, so they will always get his hemophilia allele and be heterozygous (carriers). (cdc.gov)

Strong linkage was observed with markers located on Chromosome (Chr) 12, in a 2-cM interval between D12Mit136 and D12Mit153. (pasteur.fr)
Leg1 spans approximately 7.5 cM - 12.5 cM on mouse Chromosome 8 and is associated with markers D8Mit290 and D8Mit171. (jax.org)

Dominant and located on the Y chromosome! (proprofs.com)

and protein localization to chromosome, centromeric region. (nih.gov)
For instance, when a sexually reproducing organism inherits a defective or "broken" allele that codes for a non-functional protein, the second copy can often make up for the loss. (utah.edu)

Whereas some tumors presented patterns of LOH consistent with the loss of a complete chromosomal arm or of large portions of the chromosome, a high proportion of the analyzed tumors showed interstitial losses. (cnrs.fr)

The chromosome 9p21.3 coronary heart disease risk allele is associated with altered gene expression in normal heart and vascular tissues. (cdc.gov)

Nondisjunction in meiosis can lead to an abnormal number of chromosomes in the resulting cells, which is the cause of Down syndrome, Turner's syndrome, and Klinefelter's syndrome. (proprofs.com)
Parental alleles are then shuffled-or recombined-during meiosis. (utah.edu)

Every human cell contains 23 pairs of chromosomes. (cdc.gov)
In humans, there are 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46 chromosomes. (proprofs.com)

Chromosome-scale shotgun assembly using an in vitro method for long-range linkage. (nature.com)
Ednrb (Sox10m1) at 54 cM on mouse Chromosome 14 showed significant linkage to aganglionosis (LOD=13.8) and total affected gut length (LOD=13.7). (jax.org)
Strong linkage to gut length was detected at 22 cM on mouse Chromosome 5 (LOD=6.31). (jax.org)
Linkage to gut length in females mapped to 48 cM on mouse Chromosome 18 (LOD=3.54). (jax.org)
Suggestive linkage to gut length mapped to 57 cM on mouse Chromosome X (LOD=3.33). (jax.org)
Leg1, a QTL exhbiting significant linkage (P = 5.4 x 10 -5 ) to longevity, was detected on mouse Chromosome 8 in a (LP/J x MOLD/Rk)F1 x (NZW/LacJ x BALB/cBy)F1 population. (jax.org)

However, even if a hybrid inherits the same number of chromosomes from each parent, if the chromosomes from the two parents have different structures, the hybrid may still be infertile. (elifesciences.org)

If expression of a trait requires only one copy of a gene (one allele). (msdmanuals.com)

disorder usually caused by mutations to the KCNJ2 gene located on chromosome 17q24.3 or, rarely, to the KCNJ5 gene. (msdmanuals.com)

Refers to allele harbored by reference strain 2010EL-1786. (cdc.gov)
Maximum life spans in mice are extended by wild strain alleles. (jax.org)

Orthologous to human SMC5 (structural maintenance of chromosomes 5). (nih.gov)
Human beings have cells with 46 chromosomes . (medlineplus.gov)
What is the number of chromosomes in a normal human karyotype? (proprofs.com)
A normal human karyotype consists of 46 chromosomes. (proprofs.com)
This is the correct answer because it accurately represents the number of chromosomes in a normal human karyotype. (proprofs.com)

The combination of chromosome counts and microsatellite analyses is an ideal method for the determination of basic chromosome numbers and for inferring ploidy, and flow cytometry is a suitable tool for the identification of deviating cytotypes. (ufz.de)

Minor allele for Finns in FUSION (16). (diabetesjournals.org)

Only individuals who inherit two copies of the CF allele from both parents will have cystic fibrosis. (proprofs.com)
Females have two X chromosomes, and therefore two copies of every gene. (utah.edu)

They have no second allele to mask the effects of a defective gene. (utah.edu)

It has been shown to be affected by allele losses at multiple sites, as well as by DNA amplification. (cnrs.fr)
An altered chromosome 17 (bearing an LOH or a DNA amplification) was found in more than 80% of the breast tumor set analyzed here and multiple anomalies affecting this chromosome were often detected in the same sample. (cnrs.fr)

From our study, we concluded that by using CSL, favorable fiber quality alleles can be introgresssed into Upland, which greatly improves the breeder's probability of success. (usda.gov)

Each chromosome consists of a single very long DNA molecule, and each gene on the chromosome is a particular segment of that DNA. (perkins.org)

Chromosome 17 is a frequent target during breast-cancer formation and progression. (cnrs.fr)

This means that individuals who have only one copy of the CF allele are carriers and do not show symptoms of the disease. (proprofs.com)

chromosome organization. (yeastrc.org)

In most mammals, the X and Y sex chromosomes determine whether an individual is male or female. (utah.edu)

Thus, if a male has a hemophilia allele on his only X chromosome, he will have the disorder. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy63

Organisms10

Diseases23

Chemicals and Drugs30

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment28

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes172

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science4

Named Groups2

Health Care3

Locus6

Genes18

Genetic14

Homologous chromosomes3

Units called chromosomes1

Losses on chromosome1

Frequency4

Segregation3

Autosomal4

Confers2

Males9

Variant1

Species3

Pair4

Recessive6

Mutation2

Confer increased5

Phenotype5

Homozygous1

Traits2

C57BL3

Loci3

Genome2

Meiotic4

Translocation1

Substitution lines3

Heterozygous5

Markers2

Dominant1

Protein2

Chromosomal1

Gene Expression1

Meiosis2

Pairs2

Linkage6

Structures1

Trait1

Mutations1

Strain2

Human5

Determination1

Minor1

Copies2

Defective1

Amplification2

Fiber1

Consists1

Frequent1

Carriers1

Organization1

Determine1

Disorder1