Cholangiocarcinoma cholangitis sclerosing. Medical search. Frequent questions

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. (medlineplus.gov)
If diagnosed early these can be resected, but most cases of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma present late in the disease course where surgical resection is not an option. (mdpi.com)
Nakanuma Y, Sato Y, Harada K, Sasaki M, Xu J, Ikeda H. Pathological classification of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma based on a new concept. (wjgnet.com)
A study of 66 patients with unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma treated with hypofractionated radiation therapy reported 2-year outcomes of 84% local control and 58% overall survival. (medscape.com)
In a study of 1636 patients with unresectable localized intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, the addition of radiation to chemotherapy was associated with an improvement in overall survival. (medscape.com)
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma constitutes about 15% of all primary liver tumors. (medscape.com)
According to the World Health Organization classification, there are 2 subtypes of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, small duct (SD) and large duct (LD), each with distinct clinicopathologic features. (medscape.com)
Main international guidelines recommend computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as the principal imaging modalities for the diagnosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. (medscape.com)
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is a primary liver cancer epidemiologically linked with liver injury, which has poorly understood incipient stages and lacks early diagnostics and effective therapies. (aacrjournals.org)
When the cancer begins in the ducts inside the liver it is called intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. (mesothelioma.net)
AJCC 7th edition of TNM staging accurately discriminates outcomes of patients with resectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: By the AFC-IHCC-2009 study group. (cancercentrum.se)
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is treated by resection of the involved segments or lobe of the liver. (gastrotraining.com)
What is the difference between intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma? (mypathologyreport.ca)
The main difference is that intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma starts from one of the small bile ducts found inside the liver while extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma starts from one of the larger bile ducts found outside the liver. (mypathologyreport.ca)
More than one tumour increases the tumour stage (pT) for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and is associated with a worse prognosis . (mypathologyreport.ca)
Pathologists use the term tumour extension to describe how far the tumour cells in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma have spread through the bile ducts and liver. (mypathologyreport.ca)
Background Tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) and macrophages (TAMs) can each influence cancer growth and metastasis, but their combined effects in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) remain unclear. (bmj.com)
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a cancer of the bile ducts that accounts for around 10%-15% of all primary hepatic malignancies. (bmj.com)

Chronic evolution can lead to secondary sclerosing cholangitis or secondary biliary cirrhosis. (nih.gov)
Both primary and secondary sclerosing cholangitis cause similar inflammatory and fibrosing lesions scarring the bile ducts. (msdmanuals.com)
Primary and Secondary Sclerosing Cholangitis. (mhmedical.com)

It is important to get a second opinion when it comes to the diagnosis and treatment of cholangiocarcinoma to ensure that you have all the information you need to make informed decisions about your care. (mikeshanefund.org)
For other indications, STP705 has received Orphan Drug Designation for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). (medicaex.com)

The histological finding of bile duct epithelial dysplasia in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis may suggest either imminent or actual development of cholangiocarcinoma and may thus affect consideration of orthotopic liver transplantation. (ox.ac.uk)
Although most people present without any known risk factors evident, a number of risk factors for the development of cholangiocarcinoma have been described. (wikipedia.org)
Colonization with the liver flukes Opisthorchis viverrini (found in Thailand, Laos PDR, and Vietnam) or Clonorchis sinensis (found in China, Taiwan, eastern Russia, Korea, and Vietnam) has been associated with the development of cholangiocarcinoma. (wikipedia.org)

We report two cases of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis who developed cholangiocarcinoma without jaundice and with no changes in their serum biochemistry. (ox.ac.uk)
The most common physical indications of cholangiocarcinoma are abnormal liver function tests, jaundice (yellowing of the eyes and skin occurring when bile ducts are blocked by tumor), abdominal pain (30-50%), generalized itching (66%), weight loss (30-50%), fever (up to 20%), and changes in the color of stool or urine. (wikipedia.org)
To some extent, the symptoms depend upon the location of the tumor: people with cholangiocarcinoma in the extrahepatic bile ducts (outside the liver) are more likely to have jaundice, while those with tumors of the bile ducts within the liver more often have pain without jaundice. (wikipedia.org)
Call your provider if you have jaundice or other symptoms of cholangiocarcinoma. (medlineplus.gov)
Jaundice is the most common symptom of cholangiocarcinoma, but it doesn't mean that all types of jaundice are sure indication of cholangiocarcinoma. (epainassist.com)
Cholangiocarcinoma is often associated with intermittent rather than steadily progressive jaundice. (gastrotraining.com)
Primary malignancies of the biliary tree and surrounding organs that cause Malignant Obstructive Jaundice (MOJ) include Cholangiocarcinoma, ampullary carcinoma, carcinoma of the head of pancreas and rarely gall bladder carcinoma. (annalsofafricansurgery.com)
Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma frequently causes jaundice (yellowing of the eyes and skin). (mypathologyreport.ca)

Cancer in bile ducts outside but closer to the liver is called hilar cholangiocarcinoma. (mesothelioma.net)
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the role of vascular resection in the treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. (cancercentrum.se)
A Klatskin tumor (also known as hilar cholangiocarcinoma) is a special type of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma that arises at the junction of the right and left hepatic bile ducts. (mypathologyreport.ca)

What Causes Cholangiocarcinoma? (mesothelioma.net)
Experts do not fully understand what causes cholangiocarcinoma. (mesothelioma.net)
What Causes Cholangiocarcinoma & What are its Symptoms & Pathophysiology? (epainassist.com)

Furthermore, in the diagnosis of IgG4-SC, it is extremely important to distinguish from malignancies such as extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC) and pancreatic cancer, and primary sclerosing cholangitis. (biomedcentral.com)

Evaluation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor type 3 gene polymorphisms in patients with primary biliary cholangitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis. (cdc.gov)

While the majority of clinical forms are simple, there also exist complicated forms, involving extended intrahepatic lithiasis and its consequences: lithiasis migration, acute cholangitis, intrahepatic abscess. (nih.gov)

What are the types of cholangiocarcinoma? (gastrotraining.com)

Risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma include primary sclerosing cholangitis (an inflammatory disease of the bile ducts), ulcerative colitis, cirrhosis, hepatitis C, hepatitis B, infection with certain liver flukes, and some congenital liver malformations. (wikipedia.org)
People with chronic liver disease, whether in the form of viral hepatitis (e.g. hepatitis B or hepatitis C), alcoholic liver disease, or cirrhosis of the liver due to other causes, are at significantly increased risk of cholangiocarcinoma. (wikipedia.org)
This synthetic review illustrates and summarizes the different aspects of this entity, from simple gallbladder lithiasis to cholangiocarcinoma, as well as secondary biliary cirrhosis requiring liver transplant, on the basis of clinical cases and the iconography of patients treated in our ward. (nih.gov)
Progression obliterates the bile ducts and leads to cirrhosis, liver failure, and sometimes cholangiocarcinoma. (msdmanuals.com)
Small duct cholangiocarcinoma is caused by chronic viral infections of the liver (e.g., hepatitis B and hepatitis C) and excessive alcohol consumption, both of which are associated with cirrhosis. (mypathologyreport.ca)

Cholangiocarcinoma is a tumor that arises as a result of differentiation of the cholangiocytes and can develop from anywhere in the biliary tree. (mdpi.com)
Subtypes of cholangiocarcinoma are differentiated based on their location in the biliary tree. (mdpi.com)
Any condition which causes occlusion of the biliary tree has the potential to cause cholangitis. (teachmesurgery.com)
Figure 3 - ERCP showing an obstruction in the biliary tree, resulting in cholangitis. (teachmesurgery.com)
The definitive management of cholangitis is via endoscopic biliary decompression , removing the cause of the blocked biliary tree. (teachmesurgery.com)
Complications involving the biliary tree are common and include cholangitis, as well as ductal strictures and gallstones, the latter of which frequently require endoscopic or surgical interventions. (chiesiventures.com)
Cholangiocarcinoma may arise in the intrahepatic (least common), perihilar, or distal (extrahepatic) biliary tree. (gastrotraining.com)

Control programs (Integrated Opisthorchiasis Control Program) aimed at discouraging the consumption of raw and undercooked food have been successful at reducing the incidence of cholangiocarcinoma in some countries. (wikipedia.org)
The incidence of cholangiocarcinoma has been increasing over the past few decades, although the reason for this increase is not entirely clear. (mikeshanefund.org)
The incidence of cholangiocarcinoma is slightly higher in men. (gastrotraining.com)

however, the association of gallstones with cholangiocarcinoma is less marked than with carcinoma of the gallbladder. (medscape.com)
The most common causes are gallstones , ERCP (iatrogenic), and cholangiocarcinoma . (teachmesurgery.com)
Large duct cholangiocarcinoma is caused by primary sclerosing cholangitis, hepatolithiasis (gallstones in the large bile ducts), and liver fluke infection. (mypathologyreport.ca)

In addition, the development of superficial thrombophlebitis in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis should arouse suspicion of the presence of cholangiocarcinoma even if there is no evidence of deterioration of the liver function or a dominant stricture on endoscopic retrograde cholangiography. (ox.ac.uk)
Another role for PET is in screening patients with PSC for the presence of cholangiocarcinoma. (gastrotraining.com)

Of the four types, type 1 IgG4-SC requires differentiation from distal cholangiocarcinoma, and type 3 and type 4 IgG4-SC require differentiation from perihilar cholangiocarcinoma. (biomedcentral.com)
On the basis of the site of origin, cholangiocarcinoma can be classified as intrahepatic (arising proximally to the second-order bile ducts, in the context of liver parenchyma), perihilar (originating between second-order bile ducts and the insertion of the cystic duct into the common bile duct), and extrahepatic or distal (below the insertion of common bile duct). (medscape.com)
Cholangiocarcinomas occur predominantly in the extrahepatic bile ducts: 60 to 70% in the perihilar region (Klatskin tumors), about 25% in the distal extrahepatic ducts, and the rest in the liver. (merckmanuals.com)
Distal cholangiocarcinomas are managed by pancreatoduodenectomy as with pancreatic head cancers. (gastrotraining.com)

In most of the cases IgG4-SC is associated with a wide spectrum of symptoms and manifestations summarized by the definition of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD). When the IgG4-SC causes an interruption of the biliary tract, differential diagnosis with cholangiocarcinoma may become challenging, due to the anatomical difficulty to get an appropriate histological pattern of the disease. (unict.it)

These tumors are also known as intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas. (tri-kobe.org)
Tumors of this region are also known as perihilar cholangiocarcinomas or Klatskin tumors. (tri-kobe.org)
Tumors of this region are also known as extrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (Figure 2 ). (tri-kobe.org)
Cholangiocarcinoma is one of the more difficult tumors to treat, and to date, surgery remains the only definitive curative treatment. (medscape.com)
[ 16 ] Disadvantages of MRCP include its inability to distend the duct and equivocal findings because of long segments and minimal narrowing in diffuse sclerosing tumors. (medscape.com)
CT may demonstrate the tumor if the malignancy is nodular and masslike, but tumors of the diffuse sclerosing variety are difficult to detect. (medscape.com)

The British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines on the management of cholangiocarcinoma were originally published in 2002. (bmj.com)
These guidelines on the management of cholangiocarcinoma (CC) were originally published in 2002. (bmj.com)
Discuss the management of cholangiocarcinoma? (gastrotraining.com)

however, clinically significant sclerosing cholangitis develops in only 1-4% of patients with ulcerative colitis. (mhmedical.com)

IgG4 related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC) is a chronic cholestatic autoimmune liver disease, characterized by obstruction of the biliary tract due to IgG4-positive plasma cell infiltrations associated with fibrosis, phlebitis and presence of eosinophils. (unict.it)
Sclerosing cholangitis refers to chronic cholestatic syndromes characterized by patchy inflammation, fibrosis, and strictures of the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts. (msdmanuals.com)

In the Western world, the most common of these is primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), an inflammatory disease of the bile ducts which is closely associated with ulcerative colitis (UC). (wikipedia.org)
Bile duct cancer may occur more frequently in patients with a history of primary sclerosing cholangitis, chronic ulcerative colitis, choledochal cysts, or infections with the liver fluke Clonorchis sinensis . (tri-kobe.org)
Primary sclerosing cholangitis is associated with the histocompatibility antigens HLA-B8 and -DR3 or -DR4, and first-degree relatives of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis have a fourfold increased risk of primary sclerosing cholangitis and a threefold increased risk of ulcerative colitis. (mhmedical.com)

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic liver disease characterized by a progressive course of cholestasis with inflammation and fibrosis of the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts. (medscape.com)

For inflammatory bowel disease patients with altered DNA repair functions, the progression from PSC to cholangiocarcinoma may be a consequence of DNA damage resulting from biliary inflammation and bile acids. (wikipedia.org)

The etiology of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) remains unknown, but it is thought to be multifactorial, including genetic predisposition, exposure to an environmental antigen, and subsequent aberrant immunologic response to that stimulus. (medscape.com)

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the most common hepatobiliary malignancy complicating primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). (johnshopkins.edu)
Cholangiocarcinoma is a slow-growing malignancy of the bile duct. (medscape.com)
Objective Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the most common malignancy in a Northeast Thai population. (bmj.com)

Liver histology showed evidence of bile duct epithelial dysplasia in areas free from tumor in one patient, and in the other, bile duct epithelial dysplasia preceded the appearance of cholangiocarcinoma by at least 18 months. (ox.ac.uk)
Cholangiocarcinoma, also known as bile duct cancer, is a type of cancer that forms in the bile ducts. (wikipedia.org)
Bile duct cancer (cholangiocarcinoma) treatment (PDQ) -- health professional version. (medlineplus.gov)
IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC) is characterized by elevation of serum IgG4 levels, and dense infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells with extensive fibrosis in the bile duct wall. (biomedcentral.com)
Cancer of the bile duct (also called cholangiocarcinoma) is extremely rare. (tri-kobe.org)
Cholangiocarcinoma is bile duct cancer, a serious and potentially life-threatening type of cancer. (mesothelioma.net)
Approximately 8,000 people per year receive a diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma, compared to 3,000 mesothelioma diagnoses in the U.S. Bile duct cancer is more common in southeast Asia due to a parasite. (mesothelioma.net)
One study that examined thousands of Europeans diagnosed with bile duct cancer discovered that those exposed to asbestos in the workplace were more likely to develop cholangiocarcinoma, specifically intrahepatic bile duct cancer. (mesothelioma.net)
Cholangiocarcinoma or bile duct cancer is one such rare type of cancer that is found in low percentage in different parts of the world, particularly in the Western countries. (epainassist.com)
At the earlier stages, cholangiocarcinoma or bile duct cancer doesn't cause any pain. (epainassist.com)
This changing color of urine, similarly changed color of stools is the other symptoms of cholangiocarcinoma or bile duct cancer. (epainassist.com)
Nausea and vomiting sometimes accompany cholangiocarcinoma or bile duct cancer. (epainassist.com)
This happens when a patient develops cholangitis, a type of infection, due to blockage of the bile duct. (epainassist.com)
Cholangiocarcinoma or bile duct cancer mostly starts from the intra- or extrahepatic cells of the bile ducts epithelium tissue. (epainassist.com)
Positron emission tomography - PET scan permits visualization of cholangiocarcinomas because of the high glucose uptake of bile duct epithelium. (gastrotraining.com)
What is bile duct cancer (cholangiocarcinoma)? (brainandnervecenter.com)
Cholangiocarcinoma is a type of bile duct cancer. (mypathologyreport.ca)
Pathologists divide cholangiocarcinoma into two histologic types - small duct and large duct. (mypathologyreport.ca)
Small duct cholangiocarcinoma is typically found near the periphery (outside) of the liver. (mypathologyreport.ca)
In contrast, large duct cholangiocarcinoma typically involves one of the large bile ducts near the hilum (middle) of the liver. (mypathologyreport.ca)
Metastatic cholangiocarcinoma means that tumour cells have spread from the bile duct to another part of the body such as a lymph node or the lungs. (mypathologyreport.ca)

In unusual cases, degeneration into cholangiocarcinoma may occur. (nih.gov)
focal, eccentric thickening tended to occur with cholangiocarcinoma and sclerosing cholangitis. (wustl.edu)

Complete surgical resection is the only therapy to afford a chance of cure for cholangiocarcinoma. (medscape.com)

1 It is the most common cancer in Northeast Thailand, where the great majority of cases are cholangiocarcinomas (CCA). (bmj.com)
Cholangiocarcinoma is a cancer of the bile ducts. (mesothelioma.net)
When cancer originates in these ducts, it is referred to as cholangiocarcinoma. (mesothelioma.net)
Cholangiocarcinoma is a rare and aggressive form of cancer that affects the bile ducts. (mikeshanefund.org)
Cholangiocarcinoma is a rare cancer, accounting for less than 2% of all gastrointestinal cancers. (mikeshanefund.org)
According to the American Cancer Society, approximately 8,000 new cases of cholangiocarcinoma are diagnosed each year in the United States. (mikeshanefund.org)
The prognosis for cholangiocarcinoma depends on several factors, including the stage of the cancer at diagnosis, the location of the tumor, and the overall health of the patient. (mikeshanefund.org)
As mentioned earlier, cholangiocarcinoma is an aggressive cancer, and the prognosis is generally poor. (mikeshanefund.org)
Precise reason behind the occurrence of cholangiocarcinoma is yet to be detected, however, oncologists are suggesting for healthy and wholesome foods, less smoking and alcohol and regular exercise to stay fit and keep the cancer at bay. (epainassist.com)
The product candidate has received multiple IND approvals from both the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Chinese National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), including treatments of cholangiocarcinoma, non-melanoma skin cancer and hypertrophic scar. (medicaex.com)
Intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma are very similar types of cancer. (mypathologyreport.ca)

ERCP/cholecystectomy), or previous cholangitis . (teachmesurgery.com)

What are the Signs and Symptoms of Cholangiocarcinoma? (epainassist.com)
At the initial stage of cholangiocarcinoma the symptoms are not very apparent. (epainassist.com)
This delayed appearance of the apparent symptoms is one of the main hindrances for the detection of cholangiocarcinoma at the early stage and initiation of treatment at the earliest possible time. (epainassist.com)
The most common symptoms of cholangiocarcinoma are abdominal pain, weight loss, and weakness. (mypathologyreport.ca)

Superficial thrombophlebitis, dysplasia, and cholangiocarcinoma in primary sclerosing cholangitis. (ox.ac.uk)

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is an uncommon, chronic Progressive disorder that leads to scarring and inflammation of the medium and large bile ducts of the liver. (gi.org)
Distant metastases are distinctly uncommon in cholangiocarcinoma. (gastrotraining.com)

For more information, see the Medscape Drugs & Diseases articles Pediatric Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis and Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Imaging . (medscape.com)
Diseases that can cause this type of chronic inflammation include primary sclerosing cholangitis and chronic parasite infections. (brainandnervecenter.com)

[ 5 ] The diffuse sclerosing or scirrhous types are densely fibrotic and have annular long strictures. (medscape.com)
diffuse, eccentric thickening was associated with oriental cholangiohepatitis and sclerosing cholangitis. (wustl.edu)

Surgery is the only curative treatment for patients with cholangiocarcinoma. (gastrotraining.com)

Carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater has been associated with better prognosis with 50% of the patients having resectable disease at presentation, and better five year survival rate than cholangiocarcinoma and pancreatic carcinoma (3, 6). (annalsofafricansurgery.com)

For palliative treatment, celiac-plexus block via regional injection of alcohol or other sclerosing agent can relieve pain in the mid back from retroperitoneal tumor growth. (medscape.com)

Results of epidemiologic studies have implicated bacteria-induced carcinogens derived from bile salts (eg, lithocholate) as a causative factor in the pathogenesis of cholangiocarcinomas . (medscape.com)
The association with IBD has suggested a role for intestinal microbial dysbiosis and altered bile acid metabolism in the pathogenesis of primary sclerosing cholangitis. (mhmedical.com)

This is especially true for rare and complex cancers like cholangiocarcinoma. (mikeshanefund.org)

There are some known risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma. (mesothelioma.net)
What are the risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma? (gastrotraining.com)

Blood tests of liver function in people with cholangiocarcinoma often reveal a so-called "obstructive picture", with elevated bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma glutamyl transferase levels, and relatively normal transaminase levels. (wikipedia.org)

The stenosis of biliary ducts shown by radiologic imaging suggested Cholangiocarcinoma but, in the patient, IgG4-SC was definitely diagnosed. (unict.it)
In the diagnosis of IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC), differentiation from extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC) is extremely important but is still a clinical challenge. (biomedcentral.com)

Polymorphisms in Natural Killer Cell Receptor Protein 2D (NKG2D) as a Risk Factor for Cholangiocarcinoma. (cdc.gov)
Evaluation of two functional CD24 polymorphisms in primary sclerosing cholangitis. (cdc.gov)

What is the Pathophysiology of Cholangiocarcinoma? (epainassist.com)

abstract = "Cholangiograms from 104 patients (and serial cholangiograms in 66 patients) with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) were reviewed. (elsevierpure.com)

HIV infection was also identified in one study as a potential risk factor for cholangiocarcinoma, although it was unclear whether HIV itself or other correlated and confounding factors (e.g. hepatitis C infection) were responsible for the association. (wikipedia.org)
Tumour markers- The value of CA 19-9 in patients with suspected cholangiocarcinoma is unclear. (gastrotraining.com)

Anatomy12

Organisms5

Diseases50

Chemicals and Drugs12

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment29

Phenomena and Processes1

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science2

Health Care9

Geographicals2

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma18

Secondary sclerosing3

Treatment of cholangiocarcinoma2

Development of cholangiocarcinoma3

Jaundice8

Hilar cholangiocarcinoma3

Causes cholangiocarcinoma3

Pancreatic cancer1

Primary biliary cholangitis1

Acute cholangitis1

Types of cholangiocarcinoma1

Cirrhosis5

Biliary tree7

Incidence3

Gallstones3

Presence of cholangiocarcinoma2

Distal4

Differential diagnosis1

Tumors6

Management of cholangiocarcinoma3

Patients with ulcerative colitis1

Chronic cholestatic2

Ulcerative colitis3

Extrahepatic bile1

Inflammatory1

Etiology1

Malignancy3

Duct21

Occur2

Surgical resection1

Cancer11

Cholecystectomy1

Symptoms4

Dysplasia1

Uncommon2

Diseases2

Diffuse2

Curative treatment1

Survival1

Tumor1

Pathogenesis2

Cancers1

Risk factors2

Obstructive1

IgG42

Polymorphisms2

Pathophysiology1

Abstract1

Unclear2