• Wild-type (WT) AAV serotypes exhibit different tissue tropism due to different capsid protein sequences or variable regions interacting with disparate cell surface receptors, and thus can be utilized for different target tissues 3 . (nature.com)
  • PDD is characterized by severe lymphoplasmacytic inflammation in peripheral, central, and autonomic nervous tissues ( 3 - 5 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Is chemically damaged tissues are characterized histologically by absence (or low presence) of FABP facilitating recognition of such areas. (thermofisher.com)
  • The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
  • Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells that have a critical role in the maintenance of skeletal tissues such as bone, cartilage, and the fat in bone marrow. (ijbs.com)
  • Abstract In living tissues, cells express their functions following complex signals from their surrounding microenvironment. (regenhu.com)
  • Employing in vitro cell culture of inherited mitochondrial disease and an in vivo animal experimental model of low-grade inflammation (high fat feeding), we show human-derived MSCs to alter mitochondrial function. (frontiersin.org)
  • Liver FABP is a sensitive marker for cell damage of liver cells in vitro and in vivo. (thermofisher.com)
  • Methodologically, the lab employs a wide spectrum of techniques ranging from in vitro biochemical and biophysical assays, to cell biology methods with primary cells and transformed cell lines, to light and electron microscopic techniques, to in vivo studies with genetically modified mouse models. (mcgill.ca)
  • The induction of a specific differentiated cell type can be useful for transplantation or drug screening and drug discovery in vitro. (justia.com)
  • 1 One strategy is to seed the appropriate cells on a biodegradable scaffold engineered with the desired mechanical properties, followed by stimulation of cell growth and differentiation in vitro, such that, on implantation in vivo, the engineered construct undergoes remodeling and maturation into functional tissue. (ashpublications.org)
  • α2β1γ1) stimulates oligodendrocytes to extend elaborate membrane sheets in vitro (cell spreading), mediated by integrin α6β1. (rupress.org)
  • Because APE1/Ref-1 is expressed and elevated in prostate cancer, we sought to characterize APE1/Ref-1 expression and activity in human prostate cancer cell lines and determine the effect of selective reduction-oxidation (redox) function inhibition on prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo . (oncotarget.com)
  • This study aimed to investigate the association of genetic ancestry and race with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), which is characterized by acute systemic inflammation, multi-organ failure, and high risk of short-term death. (bvsalud.org)
  • Piscine orthoreovirus (PRV) is a reovirus that has predominantly been detected in Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L . ). PRV is associated with heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI) in farmed Atlantic salmon, and recently erythrocytes were identified as major target cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Asthma, a respiratory disease, is notably characterized by reversible airway obstruction, persistent lung inflammation, and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). (cdc.gov)
  • NIID is a heterogeneous disorder with variable clinical manifestations including cognitive impairment, cerebellar ataxia, parkinsonism, paroxysmal symptoms, autonomic dysfunction, and muscle weakness. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In particular, the invention relates to methods of inducing differentiation of embryonic stem cells into muscle cells or vascular endothelial cells. (justia.com)
  • Therefore there remains a need for providing effective methods of inducing differentiation of stem cells into specific cell types, such as myocytes or endothelial cells. (justia.com)
  • Quantitative analyses showed the microvessel density was significantly superior to that generated by human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMECs) but similar to that generated by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). (ashpublications.org)
  • A gelatin-methacrylate/fibrin-based matrix containing multiple cell types mimics the tumor-microenvironment that promotes spontaneous micro-vessel formation by embedded endothelial cells. (regenhu.com)
  • Bioprinted channels are coated with endothelial cells post printing to form a dense vessel - tissue barrier. (regenhu.com)
  • Whole cell extracts (30 µg lysate) of HeLa (Lane 1), SH-SY5Y (Lane 2), A549 (Lane 3), A-431 (Lane 4) were electrophoresed using NuPAGE™ 4-12% Bis-Tris Protein Gel (Product # NP0321BOX). (thermofisher.com)
  • Moreover, AAV9-NEM localized strongly in vivo to cells lining the calcified trabecular bone and transduced primary murine osteoblasts in culture, while WT AAV9 transduced undifferentiated bone marrow stromal cells as well as osteoblasts. (nature.com)
  • We hypothesize that blood-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have the required proliferative and vasculogenic activity to create vascular networks in vivo. (ashpublications.org)
  • While BM-MSCs have high cell-to-cell heterogeneity in gene expression, the cell subtypes that contribute to this heterogeneity in vivo in humans have not been characterized. (ijbs.com)
  • Cells' therapeutic potential can be also increased by expression of proangiogenic factors by viral transduction. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using BV system and sodium butyrate treatment we expressed human VEGF165 in mADSC (production of VEGF165 reached ≈ 25-27 ng/ml/10 5 cells) and optimized conditions to ensure cells' viability after transduction. (biomedcentral.com)
  • No human disease has been associated with wild-type AAV infection and low toxicity is observed in human subjects following muscle transduction by rAAV (Manno et al. (justia.com)
  • Widespread transduction of cardiac and skeletal muscle has been achieved in adult mouse by intravenous administration of rAAV6 vector supplemented with vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF) (Gregorevic et al. (justia.com)
  • During mouse embryonic development, a subpopulation of neural crest cell-derived melanocytes migrates and incorporates into a subregion of the cochlear epithelium, forming the intermediate cell layer of the stria vascularis. (jneurosci.org)
  • The neural crest (NC) is comprised of specialized cells that arise from the lateral border of the neural plate and migrate into specific locations during vertebrate embryonic development. (jneurosci.org)
  • Interstitial microvoids enhanced differentiation of multiple stem/progenitor cells (vascular, mesenchymal, neural), otherwise not possible with conventional bulk hydrogels. (regenhu.com)
  • Studies undertaken in this laboratory have demonstrated some histopathologic similarities, in particular in the selective destruction of cerebellar Purkinje cells, between ABV and BDV infections of the brains of birds and mammals, respectively ( 11 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The process of differentiation in stem cells involves selective development of immature cells to committed and fully mature cells of various lineages. (justia.com)
  • Due to the role of oncogenic transcriptional activators NFĸB and STAT3 in survivin protein expression, and APE1/Ref-1 redox activity regulating their transcriptional activity, we assessed selective inhibition of APE1/Ref-1's redox function as a novel method to halt prostate cancer cell growth and survival. (oncotarget.com)
  • The was to characterize b-adrenoceptor-mediated relaxation selective b2-adrenoceptor antagonist ICI 118,551 [(6 and facilitation of norepinephrine release in the aorta of KO) mice. (marysfamilymedicine.org)
  • The dynamics of cell-extracellular matrix interactions in normal and pathological situations. (mcgill.ca)
  • The Reinhardt laboratory is interested in components and mechanisms involved in the biogenesis, function and pathological aspects of the extracellular matrix and its interactions with cells. (mcgill.ca)
  • We are interested how extracellular matrix proteins instruct cells to differentiate, migrate, and proliferate, and how cells sense normal and pathologically altered extracellular matrix. (mcgill.ca)
  • Extracellular processing of apelin, with distinct cell type dependence, provides an alternative mechanism to regulate isoform-mediated physiological effects of apelin. (phoenixpeptide.com)
  • culturing a stem cell in the presence of an embryonic cell and/or extracellular medium of an embryonic cell, under conditions that induce differentiation of the stem cell. (justia.com)
  • Cells adapt to chronic extracellular hypotonicity by altering metabolism. (ppexmed.com)
  • Methods of inducing differentiation in stem cells and muscle cells produced therefrom may be used for the study of cellular and molecular biology of tissue development, for the discovery of genes and proteins such as differentiation factors that play a role in tissue development and regeneration. (justia.com)
  • However, the molecular pathways that lead to specification and terminal differentiation of specific cell types, such as myocytes, from embryonic stem cells during development are not entirely clear. (justia.com)
  • The study of PSCs has relied on an anatomy-based approach, as the identities of cell-specific PSC molecular markers have remained elusive. (elifesciences.org)
  • We have identified neuron-glia antigen 2 (NG2) as a unique molecular marker of S100β+ PSCs in skeletal muscle. (elifesciences.org)
  • While great progress has been made in understanding the cellular and physiological characteristics of PSCs, very little is known about the molecular composition of these cells ( Ko and Robitaille, 2015 ). (elifesciences.org)
  • This has been due to the absence of a cell-specific molecular marker with which PSCs can be identified, isolated, and genetically manipulated. (elifesciences.org)
  • A growing number of molecular markers that recognize subsets of glial cells throughout the nervous system have been identified ( Jäkel and Dimou, 2017 ). (elifesciences.org)
  • In characterizing the molecular differentiation of developing peripheral auditory structures, we discovered that hepatocyte growth factor ( Hgf ) is expressed in the future stria vascularis of the cochlear epithelium. (jneurosci.org)
  • The present invention relates to methods of inducing differentiation of stem cells. (justia.com)
  • Differentiation of stem cells is known be triggered by various growth factors and regulatory molecules. (justia.com)
  • During differentiation the expression of stem cell specific genes and markers are often lost and cells acquire gene expression profiles of somatic cells or their precursors. (justia.com)
  • Whilst differentiation of some lineage specific stem cells can be induced with a degree of certainty, a differentiation outcome of a population of pluripotent stem cells is less predictable. (justia.com)
  • Placing the cells under conditions which induce specific cell types has been one form of an attempt to regulate the differentiation outcome. (justia.com)
  • These conditions include growing the cells to high or low density, changing media, introducing or removing cytokines, hormones and growth factors, creating an environment which suits differentiation toward a specific cell type, such as providing a suitable substrate. (justia.com)
  • The induction of cardiomyocyte differentiation in stem cells is especially useful in developing therapeutic methods and products for heart disease and abnormal heart conditions. (justia.com)
  • We successfully identified LEPR hi CD45 low BM-MSCs within the CD271 + BM-MNC population, and further codified the BM-MSCs into distinct subpopulations corresponding to the osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation trajectories, as well as terminal-stage quiescent cells. (ijbs.com)
  • As proof-of-concept, EmVP was applied to create complex synthetic biology-inspired intercellular communication models, where adipocyte differentiation is regulated by optogenetic-engineered pancreatic cells. (regenhu.com)
  • rAAV1 vectors have a similar capsid sequence and were successfully applied in systemic gene delivery to vital muscles of DMD and CMD mouse models and efficiently ameliorated the dystrophic phenotype (Qiao et al. (justia.com)
  • 2022). Fibronectin isoforms in skeletal development and associated disorders. (mcgill.ca)
  • Causal effects of chronic whole-body hydration on metabolic syndrome-related disorders and mortality are hypothesized based on cell hydration effects [12-16], but remain to be confirmed. (ppexmed.com)
  • Mouse ADSC (mADSC) isolated from C57 male mice were expanded for CS formation (10 6 cells per CS). (biomedcentral.com)
  • To test this, EPCs isolated from human umbilical cord blood or from adult peripheral blood, and human saphenous vein smooth muscle cells (HSVSMCs) as a source of perivascular cells, were combined in Matrigel and implanted subcutaneously into immunodeficient mice. (ashpublications.org)
  • Whilst vector administration in these studies was conducted with pharmacological interventions or in neonatal animals, rAAV8 vectors appear more efficient at crossing the blood vessel barrier and transducing heart and skeletal muscle of adult mice and hamsters (Wang et al. (justia.com)
  • CASK knockdown in human cell lines cause reduced cellular respiration and CASK (+/-) mice display abnormalities in muscle and brain oxidative metabolism, suggesting a novel function of CASK in metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder characterized by widespread intranuclear inclusions in the nervous system as well as multiple visceral organs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A few reported cases of renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) with haemangioblastoma-like features have exhibited both clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC)- and haemangioblastoma-like components. (bvsalud.org)
  • Cell therapy using adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSC) is an intensively developing approach to promote angiogenesis and regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells including adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSC) are a promising cell source for this application. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the most commonly used cells in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. (frontiersin.org)
  • We demonstrate that both, adipocyte- and iPSC-derived mesenchymal stem cells can guide this process. (regenhu.com)
  • 2022). Proteolysis of fibrillin-2 microfibrils is essential for normal skeletal development. (mcgill.ca)
  • One and 28 d after acute exposure, and 1, 28, and 90 d following sub-chronic exposure, bronchoalveolar lavage was performed on the left lung to collect cells and fluid for analyses, the apical right lobe was preserved for histopathology, and the right cardiac and diaphragmatic lobes were processed for gene expression analyses. (cdc.gov)
  • Generally, when a stem cell culture is induced to differentiate, the differentiated population is analysed for particular cell types by expression of genes, markers or phenotypic analysis. (justia.com)
  • In particular, the induction of stem cells to differentiate into muscle cells (myocytes) is useful for muscle transplantation and therapeutic purposes, as well as providing potential human disease models in culture (e.g. for testing pharmaceuticals). (justia.com)
  • NC cells differentiate to form a broad array of derivatives, including neurons and glia of the peripheral nervous system, smooth muscle, cartilage, craniofacial mesenchyme, and melanocytes ( Mayor and Theveneau, 2013 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • Although skeletal muscle is the major carnosine depot, the role of the dipeptide in preventing skeletal muscle injury has not been studied, and it is unclear whether carnosine affects ischemic damage or post injury events underlying wound healing and tissue angiogenesis. (frontiersin.org)
  • A control bird that received uninfected tissue culture cells remained healthy until it was euthanized at 77 days. (cdc.gov)
  • MSCs can promote host tissue repair through several different mechanisms including donor cell engraftment, release of cell signaling factors, and the transfer of healthy organelles to the host. (frontiersin.org)
  • Embryonic stem (ES) cells are derived from the embryo and are pluripotent, thus possessing the capability of developing into any organ, cell type or tissue type. (justia.com)
  • One strategy to increase cure rates is the identification of patient-specific drug responses in tissue models that mimic the interaction between patient cancer cells and tumor environment. (regenhu.com)
  • The tissue model thereby mimics structure and function of human soft tissue with endothelial cell-coated larger vessels for perfusion and micro-vessel networks within the hydrogel-matrix. (regenhu.com)
  • We successfully isolated and characterized ABV from the brains of 8 birds with confirmed PDD. (cdc.gov)
  • PRV was successfully passaged to naïve erythrocytes using lysates of blood cells from infected salmon. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our study demonstrates that survivin and APE1/Ref-1 are significantly higher in human prostate cancer specimens compared to noncancerous controls and that APE1/Ref-1 redox-specific inhibition with small molecule inhibitor, APX3330 and a second-generation inhibitor, APX2009, decreases prostate cancer cell proliferation and induces cell cycle arrest. (oncotarget.com)
  • To investigate the transcriptional diversity of BM-MSCs, we applied single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on freshly isolated CD271 + BM-derived mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) from two human subjects. (ijbs.com)
  • BDV can be grown in mammalian cell culture, where it causes a noncytolytic persistent infection. (cdc.gov)
  • The recombinant AAV (rAAV) genome composed of a foreign expression cassette and AAV inverted terminal repeat (ITR) sequences exists in eukaryotic cells in an episomal form that is responsible for persistent transgene expression (Schnepp et al. (justia.com)
  • All scans, such as bone scans and whiteblood cell-labeled scans, are of no use in this acute condition after spinal fusion. (fosite.ru)
  • 3 Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine,Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA. (silverchair.com)
  • 2 Examples of this approach include blood vessels and cardiovascular substitutes, where autologous vascular cells have been used for this purpose without immune rejection. (ashpublications.org)
  • The study of viral replication and pathogenesis of the infection has been hindered by the inability to propagate PRV efficiently in cell cultures. (biomedcentral.com)
  • [ 1 ] alveolar lining of the lungs (where the infection may mimic Pneumocystis carinii infection), heart, and skeletal muscle. (medscape.com)
  • Mitochondrial function or the ability to generate energy through OXPHOS (oxidative phosphorylation) is vital for cell homeostasis and its dysfunction has been linked to the pathogenesis of nearly all chronic diseases ( Pieczenik and Neustadt, 2007 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Gadolinium pretreatments also diet oxidative importance within the alcohol-intoxicated liver, indicating that an oxidative burst within activated inoculated cells contributes to ROS output in alcoholic liver (i. (fosite.ru)
  • Modified versions of AAVs range from genetic alterations of the viral cap gene to conjugation of proteins such as streptavidin or antibodies to promote interaction with specific cells. (nature.com)
  • Of these, AAV1, 6, 8, and 9 recombinant vectors have been reported to result in higher transgene expression level in muscle than rAAV2 vector (Wang et al. (justia.com)
  • They are abundantly present in various cell types and seem to play an important role in the intracellular utilization of fatty acids. (thermofisher.com)
  • Clearance of small intestinal crypts involves goblet cell mucus secretion by intracellular granule rupture and enterocyte ion transport. (gu.se)
  • Pretreatment of murine myoblast (C2C12) cells with octyl-D-carnosine or carnosine enhanced HIF-1α protein expression, VEGF mRNA levels and VEGF release under hypoxic conditions. (frontiersin.org)
  • In contrast, pretreatment of hypoxic C2C12 cells with methylcarcinine, a carnosine analog, lacking Fe 2+ chelating capacity, had no effect on HIF-1α levels and VEGF release. (frontiersin.org)
  • Co-IP assays Cells had been lysed in altered radioimmunoprecipitation assay stream, and WCLs had been incubated over night with anti-FLAG (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO), anti-PHD2 (Novus Biologicals, Littleton, Company), anti-PHD3 (Novus Biologicals), or anti-hydroxyproline (Abcam) antibody in the existence of proteins ACagarose beans (Novus Biologicals). (forgetmenotinitiative.org)
  • Delivery of CS allows transplantation of cells along with matrix proteins to facilitate engraftment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Carnosine (β-alanine-histidine) is an endogenous histidyl dipeptide, present in high concentration in the skeletal muscle (1-20 mM), heart (0.1-1 mM), and brain (1-2 mM). (frontiersin.org)
  • The stria vascularis is a nonsensory structure that is essential for auditory hair cell function by maintaining potassium concentration of the scala media. (jneurosci.org)
  • To better understand the influence of pain on the myofascial layers, the present study investigated these on the upper trapezius muscle in unilateral, more severe neck pain. (preprints.org)
  • NC cells contribute to several inner ear structures during embryonic development. (jneurosci.org)
  • b2-Adrenoceptor protein adrenoceptor protein density was decreased in aorta cell density was evaluated by Western blotting and b2- membranes, thus potentially hindering its functional activity. (marysfamilymedicine.org)
  • Representative immunofluorescent staining of β3-tubulin (green) of SPG4-derived neurons treated LNA-miR-33a for 48 hours. (portlandpress.com)
  • demonstrate through studies on induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cortical neurons that miR-33a is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of SPG4-related hereditary spastic paraplegia. (portlandpress.com)
  • Consistent with our hypothesis, carnosine supplementation augmented HIF-1α and VEGF expression in the ischemic limb and the mobilization of proangiogenic Flk-1 + /Sca-1 + cells into circulation. (frontiersin.org)
  • Even though the exact mechanisms underlying ischemic injury in the muscle are not completely understood, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) has emerged as an attractive target to enhance post ischemic angiogenesis. (frontiersin.org)
  • Since the initial success of cell therapy for ischemic diseases many attempts have been made to increase its efficacy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is a tripartite synapse comprised of an α-motor neuron (the presynapse), extrafusal muscle fiber (the postsynapse), and specialized synaptic glia called perisynaptic Schwann cells (PSCs) or terminal Schwann cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • CASK ortholog lin-2 was identified in C. elegans as early as 1980 and was found in screens for cell lineage specificity rather than synaptic function [ 16 , 24 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Early steps in myelination in the central nervous system (CNS) include a specialized and extreme form of cell spreading in which oligodendrocytes extend large lamellae that spiral around axons to form myelin. (rupress.org)
  • We demonstrate that micro-vessels are attracted by and grow into tumor spheroids and that neuroblastoma cells invade the tumor-environment as soon as the spheroids disrupt. (regenhu.com)
  • CS with underlying muscle was stained for apoptosis, proliferation, monocytes and blood vessels. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Surprisingly, the observed microcephaly in CASK (+/-) animals is not associated with a specific loss of CASK null brain cells indicating that CASK regulates postnatal brain growth in a non-cell autonomous manner. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, we found delivery of mADSC as CS to be superior to equivalent dose of suspended cells in terms of perfusion and angiogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, increase in PRV titer has not been shown in any of these cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This decrease was partially, but not fully, attenuated by PCSK inhibitor treatment in both cell lines. (phoenixpeptide.com)
  • Comparison of the resulting apelin-55-derived peptide profile between the two cell lines demonstrated distinct processing patterns, with apelin-36 production apparent in 3T3-L1 adipocytes vs. detection of the prodomain of a shorter isoform (likely the apelin-13 prodomain, observed after additional proteolytic processing) in PCSK3-transfected HEK293A cells. (phoenixpeptide.com)
  • The invention also includes cells, cell lines, testing models and culture systems used in the methods of the present invention and differentiated cells produced therefrom. (justia.com)