Characterization field metabolism vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Medical search. Frequent questions

Currently, the commonly used methods to quantify heavy water concentration include the density method, mass spectrometry, and spectroscopy techniques [ 3 ]. (medsci.org)
To round off their research training, most medicinal chemistry and biotransformation/chemical toxicology students will acquire the skill set of handling analytical instrumentation [e.g., high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), mass spectrometry, NMR spectroscopy] to support their research projects (e.g., purification and characterization of their synthetic target compounds, biochemical assays to study xenobiotic metabolism, etc. (aspetjournals.org)
This may include the use of advanced analytical techniques, such as mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance, to characterize the biopharmaceutical properties of drugs, as well as the development of pharmacokinetic models to predict the in vivo behavior of drugs. (oap-journals.org)
Dave Watson BSc PhD PGCE is a reader in Pharmaceutical Sciences at the University of Strathclyde up He has specialised in chromatographic methods combined with mass spectrometry which he has applied to a range of problems ranging from drug metabolism and disposition through to metabolomics. (eurekaselect.com)
The most popular approaches for metabolomics involve gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. (biomedcentral.com)

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), also known as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, is a non-invasive, ionizing-radiation-free analytical technique that has been used to study metabolic changes in brain tumors, strokes, seizure disorders, Alzheimer's disease, depression, and other diseases affecting the brain. (wikipedia.org)
With the development and optimization of non-invasive techniques, such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), several groups have worked on assessing cerebral metabolism in vivo . (frontiersin.org)
We also collaborate with other groups for Mossbauer, electron-nuclear double resonance (ENDOR), X-ray absorption and X-ray crystallography studies of proteins prepared in our laboratory. (uga.edu)

Wang X, Liu Nm, Zhao Yf, Yang F, Zhu Zj, Song D. Research Progress in the Medical Application of Heavy Water, Especially in the Field of D 2 O-Raman Spectroscopy. (medsci.org)
Among these, Raman spectroscopy has attracted increasing attention as a highly sensitive molecular imaging technique for studying complex biological systems, including cells, tissues, and various biological materials [ 4 ]. (medsci.org)
Raman spectroscopy analyzes the biochemical components of a sample by measuring the inelastic scattering of light by different molecular species, producing a spectrum based on the chemical bonds present within the analyzed samples. (medsci.org)
Simultaneously, the results of Raman spectroscopy provide abundant information, which can reflect the biochemical and structural characteristics of the material of interest. (medsci.org)
These include electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), resonance Raman, FTIR, and UV/visible/near-IR absorption and natural and magnetically induced circular dichroism (CD and MCD). (uga.edu)

In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a specialized technique associated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). (wikipedia.org)
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy is an analytical technique that can be used to complement the more common magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the characterization of tissue. (wikipedia.org)
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI): a 2-dimensional (or 3-dimensional) MRS technique which uses two/three phase-encoding directions to create a two/three-dimensional map of spectra. (wikipedia.org)
This discovery formed the basis of a powerful technique used nowadays to study brain activity: blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). (frontiersin.org)
The present lecture aims to provide an overview of the most important technical aspects when applying chemical shift encoding techniques, including single-voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy, chemical shift imaging and chemical shift encoding-based water-fat separation techniques, for targeting lipids, creatine, macromolecules, choline and phosphorous metabolites in musculoskeletal tissues. (gitlab.io)
Life After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Widespread Structural Brain Changes Associated With Psychological Distress Revealed With Multimodal Magnetic Resonance Imaging Biol Psychiatry Glob Open Sci. (usc.edu)
Fast, low-angle shoot functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), based on the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) effect, was combined with optical recording of intrinsic signals (ORIS) and 2-deoxyglucose labeling in gerbil barrel cortex. (jneurosci.org)
Abstract Quantitative spinal cord (SC) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) presents many challenges, including a lack of standardized imaging protocols. (marbilab.it)
The advent of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) revolutionized the way medical practitioners diagnose and track diseases throughout the body. (tufts.edu)
While many advances in MRI technology have been made to implement artificial intelligence for image reconstruction, increasing magnetic field strengths, optimizing receiver coil arrays, and enhancing imaging gradients, there remains an ongoing need to prioritize expanding access of these technologies on a global scale. (tufts.edu)
These systems were once thought to provide suboptimal imaging quality as they utilize a substantially lower magnetic field strength compared to modern MRI systems. (tufts.edu)
Widescale clinical use of low-field MRI would expand access for patients that have metal implants such as pacemakers or shunts, who otherwise would not receive such diagnostic imaging 2 . (tufts.edu)
Given the ability of a portable low-field MRI system to provide cost savings to healthcare facilities, expand access to patients in need, and further diagnostic capabilities for practitioners, low-field MRI systems are posed to pioneer a new era of medical diagnostic imaging. (tufts.edu)
Incorporating artificial intelligence into low-field MRI diagnostic imaging stratifies the detection of disease by combining the observer-based image interpretation currently in practice with an artificial intelligence generated semi-quantitative approach (please see observer-based and semi-quantitiative decision making diagram below). (tufts.edu)
A portable scanner for magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. (tufts.edu)
Ghadimi M, Sapra A. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contraindications. (tufts.edu)
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to estimate lesion volume at 24 h, 1 and 2 weeks post-MCAO and anterior lateral ventricular volume (ALVv) at 2 weeks post-MCAO. (westminster.ac.uk)
Area A will delineate the diagnostic potential of TSPO imaging by means of positron emission tomography (PET) in brain tumors in vivo and will enable the complementary characterization of brain tissue in vitro to delineate the neurobiological characteristics underlying TSPO PET labeling in the human brain. (uni-regensburg.de)
At weeks 1 and 12, participants were assessed for body composition by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and quantification of markers of metabolism and insulin sensitivity by analyses of the plasma metabolome during two different dietary challenges - an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and a mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT). (westminster.ac.uk)
This may include the use of advanced analytical techniques, such as spectroscopy and imaging, to characterize the physical and chemical properties of drugs and dosage forms, as well as the development of process analytical technology (PAT) approaches to monitor and control the manufacturing process. (oap-journals.org)
My personal expertise is in imaging the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). (nottingham.ac.uk)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Quantification of Fasted State Colonic Liquid Pockets in Healthy Humans. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Implemented all aspects of computer control, data acquisition, Fourier analysis, data processing, graphical display and user interface for the world's first high field Magnetic Resonance Imaging instruments. (maproom.co.uk)
MRI/S: magnetic resonance imaging or in-vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy. (drugtargetreview.com)
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has additional technical and logistic challenges, such as the necessity for high magnetic fields, problems with motion artefacts, electromagnetic compatibility issues, high costs and lack of portability. (nature.com)
Therefore, the validation of complementary or alternative methods for in vivo imaging of intrinsic FC is an important scientific objective. (nature.com)

These results demonstrate that the upregulation of energy metabolism induced by visual stimulation depends on the type of information processing taking place in V1, and that 1H-fMRS provides unique information about local input/output balance that is not measured by BOLD fMRI. (marbilab.it)

Relating in vitro to in vivo exposures with physiologically based tissue dosimetry and tissue response models. (cdc.gov)
This may include the use of advanced materials, such as polymers and nanoparticles, as well as the optimization of drug release profiles and the development of in vitro and in vivo models to evaluate drug delivery systems. (oap-journals.org)
3D bioprinting techniques have brought considerable innovation in biomedicine, especially in the field of tissue engineering, allowing the production of 3D organ and tissue models for in vivo transplantation purposes or for in-depth and precise in vitro analyses. (preprints.org)
The inhibitory effects of CS-Ag hydrogel on disease in grape caused by P. expansum, A. niger and B. cinerea were investigated both in vivo and in vitro. (preprints.org)

In vivo characterization of downfield peaks at 9.4 T: T2 relaxation times, quantification, pH estimation, and assignments. (mpg.de)
A novel method to measure T1-relaxation times of macromolecules and quantification of the macromolecular resonances. (mpg.de)

Although the adult human brain represents only 2% of the total body weight, it consumes up to 20% of the total glucose metabolism under normal resting physiological conditions (e.g. (frontiersin.org)
We found that blood-brain barrier glucose transport can be limiting during activation and that the energy demand could only be met if glycogenolysis supports neuronal glucose metabolism by replacing the glucose consumed by astrocytes, a mechanism we call Glucose Sparing by Glycogenolysis (GSG). (marbilab.it)

Figure 4: Chronic stress affects glial cells and glutamate metabolism. (nature.com)

He has more than 30 years of experience in NMR spectroscopy, structural biology, metabolomics, and drug discovery. (eurekaselect.com)
Her current research is focused on metabolomics and developed metabolic dynamic platform (MDP) that combines NMR spectroscopy with stable isotope assisted labeling for tracing pathways in vivo. (eurekaselect.com)

AxisPharm bioanalytical services encompass a wide range of scientific and analytical services focused on the characterization, measurement, and analysis of biological molecules and compounds. (axispharm.com)
A comprehensive coverage of metabolism can be achieved only by a combination of analytical approaches. (biomedcentral.com)

Although these techniques tackle the coupling between neuronal activity and metabolism, they lack chemical specificity and fail in providing information on neuronal and glial metabolic pathways underlying those processes. (frontiersin.org)
Currently, the improvement of detection modalities (i.e., direct detection of 13 C isotopomers), the progress in building adequate mathematical models along with the increase in magnetic field strength now available render possible detailed compartmentalized metabolic flux characterization. (frontiersin.org)
Background: The capacity of an individual to respond to change in food intake so that postprandial metabolic perturbations are resolved, and metabolism returns to its pre-prandial state, is called phenotypic flexibility. (westminster.ac.uk)

As a new type of probe, the heavy isotope of water has been widely used in the study of cell development, metabolism, tissue homeostasis, aging, and tumor heterogeneity. (medsci.org)
NMR spectroscopy can be applied to intact tissue samples and even to observe metabolites in vivo [ 7 ], with the technology being referred to as magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the clinic. (biomedcentral.com)

Likewise, graduate students who receive their training in medicinal chemistry not only learn the art of organic synthesis as applied to rational design and synthesis of enzyme substrates and inhibitors (or receptor agonists and antagonists) for structure-activity relationship (SAR) analyses, but also gain an appreciation for biochemical screening and drug metabolism through their graduate coursework and potentially hands-on experience in the laboratory. (aspetjournals.org)
Zhang Y, Luo K, Zhao Q, Qi Z, Nielsen LK, Liu H (2015) Genetic and biochemical characterization of genes involved in hyaluronic acid synthesis in Streptococcus zooepidemicus . (edu.au)

Observation of 2H labeled compounds in the human brain with 1H versus 2H magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 9.4T. In Joint Annual Meeting ISMRM-ESMRMB & ISMRT 31st Annual Meeting (ISMRM 2022), 0130. (mpg.de)

MRS can be used to determine the relative concentrations and physical properties of a variety of biochemicals frequently referred to as "metabolites" due to their role in metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
Relationship of auditory electrophysiological responses to magnetic resonance spectroscopy metabolites in Early Phase Psychosis. (mpg.de)
Longitudinal Relaxation Times of Metabolites in vivo at 9.4 T. In ISMRM 27th Annual Meeting & Exhibition, 0514. (mpg.de)
Graduate research activities involving mechanistic studies on xenobiotic toxicity invariably expose students to the field of drug metabolism, particularly in cases where xenobiotics are enzymatically bioactivated to electrophilic reactive metabolites that can covalently adduct to proteins and DNA and cause toxicity. (aspetjournals.org)
Researchers are investigating alterations in the steady state concentrations of metabolites that reflect amplified changes in genetic control of metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)

Design and implementation of carbohydrate sequencing analysis software application (EVE) which coupled the biological modelling of in-vivo glycoprotein synthesis with the modelling of rules for exo-glycosidase specificity to deduce the sequence of carbohydrates analysed with the OGS RAAM Glycosequencer instruments. (maproom.co.uk)

The hydrogel samples were made by using the freeze‑thawing method, and they were examined using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), porosity amusement, swelling ratio and keratin release kinetic models that analyzed using (zero-order, first-order Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas models). (preprints.org)

In this context, 1 H MRS has allowed the measurements of energy metabolism-related compounds, whose concentrations can vary under different brain activation states. (frontiersin.org)

Since the mid-twentieth century the idea that brain energy metabolism is coupled to neuronal activity has emerged, and a number of studies supported this hypothesis. (frontiersin.org)
Namely, the rate of oxidative metabolism in astrocytes is about half of that in neurons, and it can increase as much as the rate of neuronal metabolism in response to sensory stimulation. (frontiersin.org)
We present here a theoretical meta-analysis that tests whether the brain's unique compartmentation of glycogen metabolism in the astrocyte and the requirement for neuronal glucose homeostasis lead to the observed stoichiometries. (marbilab.it)

Mounting evidence suggests that stress, along with the associated hormonal and neurochemical mediators (particularly glucocorticoids), induces changes in glutamate release, transmission and metabolism in cortical and limbic brain areas, thereby influencing cognitive and emotional processing and behaviour. (nature.com)
Assessment of brain metabolite correlates of adeno-associated virus-mediated over-expression of human alpha-synuclein in cortical neurons by in vivo (1) H-MR spectroscopy at 9.4 T. (lu.se)

Research on the physical and chemical properties of drugs, as well as their absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion in the body. (oap-journals.org)

Hansbro PM, Hugenholtz P (2016) Genomic characterization of the uncultured Bacteroidales family S24-7 inhabiting the guts of homeothermic animals. (edu.au)

Additional techniques include MR spectroscopy (MRS), which allows clinicians to characterize the chemical composition of the mass by determining the presence and/or alteration of components such as lactate, N -acetylaspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), and myo-inositol (Ins). (medscape.com)

Moreover, brain energy metabolism was demonstrated to be compartmentalized in neurons and astrocytes, and astrocytic glycolysis was proposed to serve the energetic demands of glutamatergic activity. (frontiersin.org)

Perilipin 5 S155 phosphorylation by PKA is required for the control of hepatic lipid metabolism and glycemic control. (uci.edu)
Perilipin 5 (PLIN5) is a lipid-droplet-associated protein that coordinates intracellular lipolysis in highly oxidative tissues and is thought to regulate lipid metabolism in response to phosphorylation by protein kinase A (PKA). (uci.edu)
We detected phosphorylation on S155 and identified S155 as a functionally important site for lipid metabolism. (uci.edu)

Saa PA, Nielsen LK (2016) Construction of feasible and accurate kinetic models of metabolism: A Bayesian approach. (edu.au)

During their training, medicinal chemists are also taught to apply physical and mechanistic organic chemistry concepts (e.g., valence electrons, resonance effects, acidity, nucleophilicity, electrophilicity, etc.) to rationalize the biochemistry of enzyme-catalyzed reactions, and even understand the chemical basis for conversion of a substrate into product. (aspetjournals.org)
Dr. Fariba Assadi-Porter is Senior Scientist and Principal Investigator in the Department of Zoology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison with over 20 years of research in biochemistry, NMR spectroscopy, and metabolism studies. (eurekaselect.com)

The information content of these techniques is often complementary and leads to a detailed information concerning the electronic, magnetic, and structural properties of metal centers imbedded in a large polypeptide macromolecule. (uga.edu)

Shedding light on the role of astrocytes in brain metabolism, the earlier picture of astrocytes being restricted to a scaffold-associated function in the brain is now out of date. (frontiersin.org)

36th Annual Scientific Meeting of the European Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine and Biology (ESMRMB 2019), Rotterdam, The Netherlands, October 03, 2019 - October 05, 2019. (mpg.de)
In 36th Annual Scientific Meeting of the European Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine and Biology (ESMRMB 2019), L04.21. (mpg.de)

This network includes medial pre-frontal and medial parietal/posterior cingulate cortices, where transcranial magnetic stimulation may transiently impair self-awareness. (researchgate.net)

In 2020, the FDA approved the use of the first portable point-of care low-field MRI (Below is a video of Dr.Kevin Sheth, a critical care neurologist at Yale School of Medicine discussing the advent of a the world's first portable low-field MRI). (tufts.edu)

The ability of scientists with a background in biotransformation and organic chemistry to creatively solve complex drug metabolism problems encountered during research and development efforts on both small and large molecular modalities is exemplified in five relevant case studies. (aspetjournals.org)

In MRS, STEAM (Stimulated Echo Acquisition Method) and PRESS (Point Resolved Spectroscopy) are the two primary pulse sequence techniques used. (wikipedia.org)

Research on the identification and characterization of new chemical entities, as well as the optimization and testing of drug candidates. (oap-journals.org)

Here, we review state-of-the-art MR methods to study brain function and metabolism in vivo , and their contribution to the current understanding of how astrocytic energy metabolism supports glutamatergic activity and cerebral function. (frontiersin.org)
T1 Relaxation Times of Macromolecular Resonances for Grey and White Matter Voxels in Human Brain at 9.4 T. In Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine, 32 (Supplement 1), S23.03, p. (mpg.de)
Impaired brain metabolism and neurocognitive function in childhood leukemia survivors despite complete hormone supplementation in adulthood. (lu.se)

Perturbation of this nature was also observed in magnetically aligned bicelles by 31P solid-state NMR spectroscopy and spin relaxation experiments. (phoenixpeptide.com)

Herein, we review findings supporting the applications of and research on heavy water in monitoring of bacterial metabolism, rapid detection of drug sensitivity, identification of tumor cells, precision medicine, and evaluation of skin barrier function and promote the use of heavy water as a suitable marker for the development of detection and treatment methodologies. (medsci.org)
In fact, the term 'oncobiome' has been recently adopted to refer to the emerging field of research devoted to the study of the interplay between the human microbiome and cancer development [23]. (deepdyve.com)
Feature papers represent the most advanced research with significant potential for high impact in the field. (mdpi.com)
It plays a crucial role in various fields such as pharmaceuticals, clinical research, environmental monitoring, and food safety. (axispharm.com)
One area of advancement in MRI research that has received recent attention is the use of lower field-strength (0.2 Tesla) MRI systems 2,3 . (tufts.edu)
To reach this goal, scientists from the Universities of Regensburg and Munich as well as experts in TSPO research from Göttingen and Paris, who have already worked together in the field, will take part in this endeavor. (uni-regensburg.de)
In this position paper, the members of the Biotransformation, Mechanisms, and Pathways Focus Group (BMPFG) steering committee reflect on the diverse roles and responsibilities of scientists trained in the biotransformation field in pharmaceutical companies and contract research organizations. (aspetjournals.org)
The journal aims to cover the latest outstanding developments and research being done in the world, thus ensuring its scientific priority and significance in the field of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology. (oap-journals.org)
After two years of postdoctoral experience at Institute of Food Research, UK, she worked at Imperial College London for 7 years working in the field of metabonomics. (eurekaselect.com)
To improve international coordination of research on this topic, we summarize the current state of feralization research and chart a course for future study by consolidating outstanding questions in the field. (weizmann.ac.il)

It has also been used to study the metabolism of other organs such as muscles. (wikipedia.org)
The BMPFG is affiliated with the International Society for the Study of Xenobiotics (ISSX) and was specifically created to promote the exchange of ideas pertaining to topics of current and future interest involving the metabolism of xenobiotics (including drugs). (aspetjournals.org)

The epithelium function and the mucosal associated immune system are influenced by direct host-microbiota interactions and through modulation of the microbial metabolism [7]. (deepdyve.com)
Characterization of high-resolution structures and detergent micelle interactions of apelin-17 led to a two-step membrane-catalyzed binding and GPCR activation mechanism hypothesis recapitulated in longer isoforms. (phoenixpeptide.com)

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Biotransformation and mechanistic drug metabolism scientists are critical to advancing chemical entities through discovery and development, yet the number of scientists academically trained for this role is on the decline. (aspetjournals.org)

BOC Sciences is a brand of BOCSCI Inc. We leverage our wide spectrum of business in the fields of development, manufacturing, marketing, and distribution to help you make best-informed decisions tailored to your evolving needs for premium chemicals. (thegoodscentscompany.com)
Development and characterization of sensitive, energy-independent solid-state photon dosemeters with high spatial and temporal resolution. (lu.se)

For this, the effective surface area of streptavidin-labeled magnetic microparticles was amplified by functionalization with biotin-labeled hen egg lysozyme amyloid fibers. (bvsalud.org)

Recent studies have shed light on the mechanisms by which stress and glucocorticoids affect glutamate transmission, including effects on glutamate release, glutamate receptors and glutamate clearance and metabolism. (nature.com)
Low-temperature magnetic circular dichroism studies of iron-sulfur proteins. (uga.edu)

MRI utilizes magnetic properties of ions in the body along with computer-generated radio waves to create detailed images of the body's organs and tissues 4 . (tufts.edu)

Single Voxel Spectroscopy (SVS): has a minimum spatial resolution of approximately 1 cm3, and has the cleanest spectrum free from unwanted artifacts due to the small acquired volume leading to easy shim and less unwanted signals from outside the voxel. (wikipedia.org)

Processes such as host-microbe crosstalk, immune activation and inflammation, microbe-microbe signalling, microbial metabolism and antimicrobial activity are bioactive in the human gut [3]. (deepdyve.com)

Yet, there remains a strong demand for such specialized skills in the pharmaceutical industry, particularly within drug metabolism/pharmacokinetics (DMPK) departments. (aspetjournals.org)
Finally, the authors stress the importance and continued commitment to training the next generation of biotransformation scientists who are not only experienced in the metabolism of conventional small molecule therapeutics, but are also equipped to tackle emerging challenges associated with new drug discovery modalities including peptides, protein degraders, and antibodies. (aspetjournals.org)

Field measurements of the dissociation of ammonium nitrate and ammonium chloride aerosols. (cdc.gov)

These steps include: Shimming the magnetic field: this step is taken to correct for the inhomogeneity of the magnetic field by tuning different pulses in the x, y, and z directions. (wikipedia.org)

In this context, recent data suggests that astrocytic metabolism has been underestimated. (frontiersin.org)

Despite its great potential, the number of clinical trials in this field is very limited. (mdpi.com)

This gave rise to a magnetic biocatalyst with remarkable urease activity, which was maintained even after 10 reuses. (bvsalud.org)

Importantly, low-field MRI does not require a cooling system nor a large energy source in order to function properly 1,2,3,5 . (tufts.edu)

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20221

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20161

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20192

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