• Data was analyzed using Chi-square, logistic regression and Brass logit model. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify KTM users' sociodemographic characteristics, status of visiting medical facilities, major diseases and treatments, methods and treatment effect by disease, and satisfaction level. (ophrp.org)
  • Multiple logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were used to examine the association between sarcopenia and NMS in patients with PD. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify sociodemographic characteristics and health-related behaviors and attitudes associated with self-reported drinking water intake of less than 4 cups per day. (cdc.gov)
  • In probability theory and statistics, the chi-squared distribution (also chi-square or χ 2 {\displaystyle \chi ^{2}} -distribution) with k {\displaystyle k} degrees of freedom is the distribution of a sum of the squares of k {\displaystyle k} independent standard normal random variables. (wikipedia.org)
  • Zk are independent, standard normal random variables, then the sum of their squares, Q = ∑ i = 1 k Z i 2 , {\displaystyle Q\ =\sum _{i=1}^{k}Z_{i}^{2},} is distributed according to the chi-squared distribution with k degrees of freedom. (wikipedia.org)
  • The chi-squared distribution has one parameter: a positive integer k that specifies the number of degrees of freedom (the number of random variables being summed, Zi s). (wikipedia.org)
  • Find degrees of freedom and use the chi - square table of critical values. (brainmass.com)
  • The shape of a chi-square distribution depends on its degrees of freedom , k . (scribbr.com)
  • The mean of a chi-square distribution is equal to its degrees of freedom ( k ) and the variance is 2 k . (scribbr.com)
  • What happens to the shape of Student's t distribution as the degrees of freedom increase? (scribbr.com)
  • As the degrees of freedom increase, Student's t distribution becomes less leptokurtic , meaning that the probability of extreme values decreases. (scribbr.com)
  • The Chi-square characteristic of independence (χ2) was, in case of this distribution, valued at 30.815 with 5 degrees of freedom, P (nel.edu)
  • The only other really sexy example I know is from applied statistics: the non-central chi-square distribution with zero degrees of freedom, unlike its 'central' counterpart, is non-trivial. (mathoverflow.net)
  • The chi-squared distribution is used in the common chi-squared tests for goodness of fit of an observed distribution to a theoretical one, the independence of two criteria of classification of qualitative data, and in confidence interval estimation for a population standard deviation of a normal distribution from a sample standard deviation. (wikipedia.org)
  • 198114 Chi square , independence and other concepts 1. (brainmass.com)
  • Perform a chi - square test for independence on a contingency table. (brainmass.com)
  • The Chi - square test for independence 1. (brainmass.com)
  • How do I perform a chi-square test of independence in R? (scribbr.com)
  • You can use the chisq.test() function to perform a chi-square test of independence in R. Give the contingency table as a matrix for the "x" argument. (scribbr.com)
  • You can use the CHISQ.TEST() function to perform a chi-square test of independence in Excel. (scribbr.com)
  • Frequency distributions for all parameters were explored with Pearson chi-square for independence at the 0.05 level of significance. (unibas.ch)
  • They conducted chi-square goodness of fit and chi-square tests of independence to compare AU characteristics across anatomic location and IH subtypes. (medscape.com)
  • 257698 Chi - Square and Hypothesis Testing A) When will you use a Goodness-of-fit Chi - Square distribution? (brainmass.com)
  • The Chi - square test for goodness of fit 2. (brainmass.com)
  • How do I perform a chi-square goodness of fit test for a genetic cross? (scribbr.com)
  • Chi-square goodness of fit tests are often used in genetics. (scribbr.com)
  • I do understand that the variance is the square of the differences of each sample data value minus the mean. (brainmass.com)
  • Although there was considerable overlap in survey responses across mail and in-person respondents, important differences by sample and survey mode characteristics were observed. (cdc.gov)
  • Chi-square tests examined bivariate differences in bullying prevalence by demographic characteristics. (cdc.gov)
  • Chi-square test was employed to analyze the differences in characteristic distributions. (bvsalud.org)
  • What types of data can be described by a frequency distribution? (scribbr.com)
  • Categorical variables can be described by a frequency distribution. (scribbr.com)
  • Quantitative variables can also be described by a frequency distribution, but first they need to be grouped into interval classes . (scribbr.com)
  • How can I tell if a frequency distribution appears to have a normal distribution? (scribbr.com)
  • A histogram is an effective way to tell if a frequency distribution appears to have a normal distribution . (scribbr.com)
  • To demonstrate the relation between optic neuritis (ON) and systemic inflammation markers as neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (N/L ratio), platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV), and red cell distribution width (RDW) and furthermore to evaluate the utilization of these markers to predict the frequency of the ON episodes. (hindawi.com)
  • This study aims to compare the characteristics of outpatients of the KTM facility by frequency. (ophrp.org)
  • Changes in frequency of developmental monitoring from 2019 to 2021 were estimated using chi-squared tests. (cdc.gov)
  • Demographic and cognitive characteristics of children aged 4 years with suspected ASD were similar to children aged 4 years with ASD. (cdc.gov)
  • We carried out a comparative study to assess the demographic and social characteristics of water pipe (WP) smokers, the association with cigarette smoking and chronic respiratory diseases and the dependence profile on 4 groups: exclusive WP smokers, exclusive cigarette smokers, mixed smokers and absolute non-smokers. (who.int)
  • Chi-square tests were used to analyze variation in the distribution of these themes by survey mode. (cdc.gov)
  • This study was intended to analyze the characteristics of infrequent and frequent outpatients visiting Korean medical facilities, and find the related variables of frequent users. (ophrp.org)
  • Simple chi-square test and contingency tables were used to explore the connections between LULC types and THC. (scialert.net)
  • Many other statistical tests also use this distribution, such as Friedman's analysis of variance by ranks. (wikipedia.org)
  • The TSDM is a texture model that captures both statistical and structural texture characteristics. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The development areas: personal-social, language, and fine and gross motor were evaluated through the Denver II test and the quality of environment of the five public nursery school ` through the Infant/Toddler Environment Rating Scale-Revised Edition (ITERS-R). We used the chi-square statistical test for comparison between groups. (bvsalud.org)
  • This study was conducted to explore authorship characteristics and publication trends of all orthodontic randomized controlled trials (RCTs), systematic reviews (SRs), and meta-analyses (MAs) published in non-orthodontic journals with impact factor (IF). (unibas.ch)
  • Chi-square tests and linear regression analyses were conducted comparing pre- and post-workshop test results. (who.int)
  • The Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network is an active surveillance program that estimates prevalence and characteristics of ASD and monitors timing of ASD identification among children aged 4 and 8 years. (cdc.gov)
  • We evaluated various patient characteristics in patients hospitalized for asthma during 1987 to 1990. (nih.gov)
  • Among patient characteristics most likely to promote use of digital health tools, experts endorsed interest in using state-of-the-art technology, availability of necessary resources, good occupational functioning, and perception of the tool as beneficial. (jmir.org)
  • For these hypothesis tests, as the sample size, n, increases, the sampling distribution of the test statistic approaches the normal distribution (central limit theorem). (wikipedia.org)
  • An additional reason that the chi-squared distribution is widely used is that it turns up as the large sample distribution of generalized likelihood ratio tests (LRT). (wikipedia.org)
  • 254323 Chi - square statistics and non-parametric tests Why do you use the chi - square statistics? (brainmass.com)
  • What type of data is used with chi - square analysis what are the non-parametric tests that can be associated with chi -squares? (brainmass.com)
  • Because the test statistic (such as t) is asymptotically normally distributed, provided the sample size is sufficiently large, the distribution used for hypothesis testing may be approximated by a normal distribution. (wikipedia.org)
  • So wherever a normal distribution could be used for a hypothesis test, a chi-squared distribution could be used. (wikipedia.org)
  • Thus, as the sample size for a hypothesis test increases, the distribution of the test statistic approaches a normal distribution. (wikipedia.org)
  • 374801 Explain a chi - square test. (brainmass.com)
  • Provide an explanation of a chi - square test. (brainmass.com)
  • In a chi - square test, the sample data are called observed frequencies. (brainmass.com)
  • Consensus was determined using a chi-square test of score distributions across three ranges (1-3, 4-6, 7-9). (jmir.org)
  • Dominant tree covers and LULC patch mosaics were obtained from Turkish General Directory of Forestry (GDF) by using categorical dataSeveral THC, indicating temperature and moisture distribution, exposure to wind etc., were computed by a 15 m resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM). (scialert.net)
  • Unlike more widely known distributions such as the normal distribution and the exponential distribution, the chi-squared distribution is not as often applied in the direct modeling of natural phenomena. (wikipedia.org)
  • To reveal the risk factors, the symptom distribution characteristics, the clinical values of white blood cell counts (WBC counts), red blood cell distribution width (RDW), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) in hospitalized patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) combined with depression and/or anxiety. (dovepress.com)
  • The chi-squared distribution is used primarily in hypothesis testing, and to a lesser extent for confidence intervals for population variance when the underlying distribution is normal. (wikipedia.org)
  • I don't understand, why don't we simply use the '100' I understand that standard deviation is the square root of variance. (brainmass.com)
  • This study aims to describe LULC types and their spatial distribution patterns in the peninsula, to check whether the spatial distribution of LULC types is controlled by topographic attributes and to examine how specific THC influence spatial heterogeneity in this landscape. (scialert.net)
  • The present study aimed to examine the characteristics of centenarian deaths in China and their changing trends. (bvsalud.org)
  • Here we present the analysis of the complete data set gathered up to February 2021 in order to perform a deep search for exocomet transits and determine the size distribution of the \(\beta\) Pic comets to be compared with the distribution observed in the Solar system. (nature.com)
  • Giving a pure probabilistic interpretation to the answer we are able to perform an asymptotic analysis of the distribution and find its tails. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • What type of data is used with chi square analysis? (brainmass.com)
  • The analysis of habitat factors for the distribution of landuse-landcover (LULC) which is based on the analysis of Topographic Habitat Characteristics (THC), is important to understand the process of island ecology. (scialert.net)
  • To characterize clinical features including IH morphology and anatomic distribution associated with AU, researchers at eight tertiary referral centers retrospectively evaluated 35 patients with IH ulceration who met criteria for AU. (medscape.com)
  • Data were obtained on maternal characteristics, knowledge, and attitude towards ANEx. (hindawi.com)
  • METHOD: Using data from the Oxford Monitoring System for Attempted Suicide, we have examined trends and characteristics in adolescents aged 12-18 years presenting to a general hospital because of DSH between 1990 and 2000. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The purposes of our study were to use a data set with varied information on behaviors and attitudes to quantify daily drinking water intake, to identify sociodemographic and health characteristics associated with low water intake, and to describe the association of food- and health-related behaviors and attitudes with low drinking water intake. (cdc.gov)
  • This study aimed to describe the distribution of POD among lymphoma patients and identify the factors associated with hospital lymphoma deaths to provide evidence for developing targeted healthcare policies. (bvsalud.org)
  • Our objective was to describe the characteristics of people who have a low intake of drinking water and to determine associations between their behaviors and attitudes and their intake of water. (cdc.gov)
  • In the area of serious mental illness, it is important to understand the special characteristics of target users that may influence motivation and competence to use digital health tools, as well as the resources and training necessary for these patients to facilitate the use of this technology. (jmir.org)
  • The aim of this study was to conduct a quantitative expert consensus survey to identify key characteristics of target users (patients and health care professionals), barriers and facilitators for appropriate use, and resources needed to optimize the use of digital health tools in patients with serious mental illness. (jmir.org)
  • Here, we report experts' responses to nine questions (265 options) that focused on (1) user characteristics that would promote or hinder the use of digital health tools, (2) potential benefits or motivators and barriers or unintended consequences of digital health tool use, and (3) support and training for patients and health care professionals. (jmir.org)
  • Practice estimates are presented by characteristics of the practice where patients receive care (1). (cdc.gov)
  • The majority of patients were entre la période du confinement de la pandémie admitted with moderate dehydration in 2019 than in 2020 (p en 2020 et la période équivalente en 2019. (bvsalud.org)
  • Public health interventions are needed to majorité des patients ont été admis avec une promote an ambulatory healthcare system during future déshydratation modérée en 2019 qu'en 2020 (p crises. (bvsalud.org)
  • Red cell distribution width (RDW) is size variation of the red blood cells and also an inflammatory marker for some diseases [ 15 - 19 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Understanding characteristics associated with low drinking water intake may help to identify populations that could benefit from interventions to help adults drink more water. (cdc.gov)
  • According to Horsch (2003) , the distribution of actual vegetation is not only a result of the complex interaction of historical and recent environmental factors but also of humane and disturbance factors. (scialert.net)
  • When the spatial distribution of the main land-cover types and their relations with topographical factors were statistically analyzed, GIS-based model was applied. (scialert.net)
  • The distribution of POD among individuals who died from lymphoma was analyzed, and factors influencing the choice of dying in the hospital were examined. (bvsalud.org)
  • Deliberate self-harm in adolescents: a study of characteristics and trends in Oxford, 1990-2000. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Cite this: Study Spotlights Characteristics of Infantile Hemangiomas With Aggressive Ulcerations - Medscape - Oct 31, 2023. (medscape.com)
  • A retrospective study was conducted on diarrhea sur le fardeau des maladies diarrhéiques chez les cases admitted into the emergency department of the enfants en Afrique subsaharienne. (bvsalud.org)
  • Identification of targets for prevention and treatment requires ongoing monitoring of trends and characteristics of those involved. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ ) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. (e-arm.org)
  • Various authorship characteristics were recorded for each article. (unibas.ch)
  • Selection and inclusion of communities in the survey were based on geographical distribution around Abha, on being a catchment area served by a primary health care centre and on the cooperation of the people and health authorities. (who.int)
  • How do I find a chi-square critical value in Excel? (scribbr.com)
  • You can use the CHISQ.INV.RT() function to find a chi-square critical value in Excel. (scribbr.com)
  • By stark contrast, Gian-Carlo Rota wrote in \cite{Rota2}, p.~15, that 'the kind of mathematical reasoning that physicists find unbearably pedantic' leads not only to the conclusion that the elementary symmetric function in no variables is 1, but straight from there to the theory of the Euler characteristic, so that 'such reasoning does pay off. (mathoverflow.net)
  • Topographical characteristics have importance on water availability. (scialert.net)
  • however, information on the characteristics of consumers who drink water is limited. (cdc.gov)
  • Moreover, we prove a general theorem about almost Gaussian fields that should be applicable to showing the law of large numbers for the log characteristic polynomial of random matrices. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • A simple single-channel expression is obtained that properly approximates the width distribution also at large resonance overlap, where the Porter-Thomas result is no longer applicable. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • process such that excessively large visit characteristics and decisions made by Both the physician and office visit weights are truncated and a ratio the practice that may affect patient care, estimation procedures have three basic adjustment is performed. (cdc.gov)
  • Information related to the characteristics and spatial distribution of vegetated and unvegetated land cover is critical for monitoring and managing the environment. (scialert.net)
  • because species-environment relationships are important determinants of the abundance and spatial distribution of vegetation. (scialert.net)
  • This distribution is sometimes called the central chi-squared distribution, a special case of the more general noncentral chi-squared distribution. (wikipedia.org)