• Rare but characteristic presentations include transverse myelopathy (tumor spinal cord compression, 5% of cases), treatment-resistant diarrhea (tumor vasoactive intestinal peptide secretion, 4% of cases), Horner's syndrome (cervical tumor, 2.4% of cases), opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome and ataxia (suspected paraneoplastic cause, 1.3% of cases), and hypertension (catecholamine secretion or kidney artery compression, 1.3% of cases). (wikipedia.org)
  • A usually malignant pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor producing vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). (nih.gov)
  • The pathophysiology of CHD is related to vasoactive substances secreted by the tumor, of which serotonin is most prominent in the pathophysiology of CHD. (karger.com)
  • and watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, and achlorhydria syndrome (vasoactive intestinal peptide [VIP]-secreting tumor). (nih.gov)
  • Named after the characteristic ionotropic serotonin receptor 5HT3a these express, the 5HTaR interneurons are the third largest group of inhibitory neurons [5]. (knowingneurons.com)
  • Being the most recent group to be characterized, these include two major subgroups: (1) Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) neurons and (2) Reelin expressing neurons. (knowingneurons.com)
  • The goal of this study was to close this gap and provide a detailed, yet user-friendly, way to classify claustral neurons purely based on their intrinsic electrical characteristics. (sfn.org)
  • Pancreastatin inhibits insulin secretion as induced by glucagon, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, gastric inhibiting peptide, and 8-cholecystokinin in the perfused rat pancreas. (interscienceinstitute.com)
  • Pancreastatin, a novel pancreatic peptide that inhibits insulin secretion. (interscienceinstitute.com)
  • Thus, even small reductions (ie, 1%) in intestinal water absorption or increases in secretion can increase water content enough to cause diarrhea. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Named after a characteristic peptide hormone they carry - somatostatin, involved in neurotransmission and cell proliferation - these interneurons are the second most abundant in the cortex. (knowingneurons.com)
  • INs could be clustered into three main groups that correlated well with the expression of three IN markers parvalbumin (PV), somatostatin (SST), and vasoactive-intestinal peptide (VIP). (sfn.org)
  • Allparticipants were assessed on natural killer (NK) and CD8+T cellcytotoxic activities, Th1 and Th2 cytokine profile of CD4+T cells,expression of vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 2 (VPACR2),levels of NK phenotypes (CD56bright and CD56dim) and regulatory Tcells expressing FoxP3 transcription factor. (vitality101.com)
  • Each hormone peptide has its own class B type G-protein coupled receptor 19 , 21 functioning along identical receptor activating schemes (Fig. 1c ). (nature.com)
  • Shibata Y, Toyoda S, Nimura Y, Miyati M. Patterns of intestinal motility recovery during the early stage following abdominal surgery: clinical and manometric study. (medscape.com)
  • A characteristic of small intestine motility is the inherent ability of the smooth muscle constituting the wall of the intestine to contract spontaneously and rhythmically. (britannica.com)
  • Here, we identify an evolutionarily conserved hexapeptide sequence as the major aggregation-prone region (APR) of gastrointestinal peptides of the glucagon family: xFxxWL. (nature.com)
  • We determine nine polymorphic crystal structures of the APR segments of glucagon-like peptides 1 and 2, and exendin and its derivatives. (nature.com)
  • Named after the characteristic protein they carry - parvalbumin, a regulatory calcium binding protein - these interneurons comprise of 40% of interneuron subpopulation. (knowingneurons.com)
  • The duration of symptoms (acute or chronic) and characteristics of the stools (e.g., watery, bloody, steatorrheic, mucoid) can help guide further diagnostic evaluation. (lecturio.com)
  • The contraction involves only a short segment of the intestinal wall, less than 1 to 2 cm (about 1 inch), and constricts the lumen, tending to divide its contents. (britannica.com)
  • Most cathartics produce their diarrheic effect by irritating the intestinal mucosa or by increasing the contents, particularly with fluid. (britannica.com)
  • Left heart valves are usually spared because vasoactive substances such as serotonin are enzymatically inactivated in the lung vasculature. (karger.com)
  • In addition, NMU was expressed in some intestinal gland epitheliums, which also provided a basis for studying its roles in regulation of the immune homeostasis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, the enteric neuroimmune network is the core of regulating intestinal homeostasis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Suppression of Insulin release upon Glucose stimulation is a characteristic feature of Type II Diabetes. (interscienceinstitute.com)
  • Pancreastatin is a 49 amino acid peptide produced by degradation of Chromo-granin A. It inhibits Chromogranin A and Parathyroid Hormone release. (interscienceinstitute.com)
  • Gallbladder and Biliary Tract: Anatomy acid malabsorption Malabsorption General term for a group of malnutrition syndromes caused by failure of normal intestinal absorption of nutrients. (lecturio.com)
  • Other markers that can be helpful but are of more limited use include neuron-specific enolase, proconvertases PC1/PC3 and PC2, bombesin and/or gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP), CD57 (Leu-7/HNK-1), synaptic vesicle protein 2, PGP9.5, and others ( 11 ). (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • Compounds classified as neurotransmitters have several characteristics in common (reviewed in Massey, 1990, Erulkar, 1994). (org.es)
  • This type of electrical activity originates in the circular muscle layer of the intestinal wall and occurs when the circular layer contracts to form a segmenting contraction. (britannica.com)
  • Neurotransmitter compounds can be small molecules, such as glutamate and glycine, or large peptides, such as vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). (org.es)
  • It is aimed to explore the distribution characteristics of NMU in the sheep small intestine and the influence of Moniezia benedeni infection on them. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The predominant motor action of the small intestine is the segmenting contraction, which is a localized circumferential contraction, principally of the circular muscle of the intestinal wall. (britannica.com)
  • Table 1 Characteristic of studied groups with exact results of measles-specific IgG prevalence and values = 0.033). (monossabios.com)
  • Due to characteristic early onset, many studies have focused on parental factors around conception and during gestation. (wikipedia.org)