Early-stage embryosVitro embryoIndividual embryosReproductiveMammalianSpermTissuesDifferentiationFluorescentlyDonorMitochondriaTissueFetusScientistsEmbryogenesisImplanted into a surrogate motherBlastocystGermZebrafishTotipotent stemAbility to differentiateSurrogateEmbryonic cellModel organismsPluripotent stemDevelopmentalGeneticRegenerationMorulaBioethical issuesCreate a geneticallyMicroscopyMicroscopicCytoplasmGeneZygoteOrganismSCNTEthicalDollyStem cellNuclearNaturallyCloneOvumOocyteCell'sOrganismsChromosomesDevelopmentCoronavirusMiceProcedureFluorescenceViableCellularBone marrowScientistNeuronsBiologyNewlyTransplantTherapeuticResearchersGrownFertilization
Early-stage embryos2
- Moreover, most early-stage embryos that are produced naturally (that is, through the union of egg and sperm resulting from sexual intercourse) fail to implant and are therefore wasted or destroyed. (wikiquote.org)
- Before the fertilized eggs start dividing into early stage embryos each nucleus is removed. (faithandfreedom.us)
Vitro embryo2
- Among the factors thought to contribute to the greater success in cloning cattle are the relatively late embryonic genome activation specific for this species [16 -18] and the optimization of reproductive technologies, such as in vitro embryo production and embryo transfer, brought about by the cattle industry [19]. (sibi.org)
- … "human clone" means an embryo that, as a result of the manipulation of human reproductive material or an in vitro embryo, contains a diploid set of chromosomes obtained from a single - living or deceased - human being, fetus, or embryo. (hinxtongroup.org)
Individual embryos2
- We showed that the extracted criteria could be used to evaluate the differences between individual embryos. (nature.com)
- In this paper, we describe a scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) technique that is a non-invasive and sensitive method for measuring oxygen consumption by individual embryos. (bioone.org)
Reproductive8
- Otherwise, such a treaty would not recognize the inherent human nature of the early human embryo or fetus until after birth , and thus cloning them and using them for research - both "therapeutic" and "reproductive" -- would not be banned, and women undergoing "infertility treatments" could surely be put in danger. (lifeissues.net)
- They used CRISPR to manipulate the chromosomes contained by a unique reproductive stem cell - the mouse which they created specifically for this experiment. (zmescience.com)
- This research is a breakthrough in bioengineering technology, helping to understand the impact of large-scale remodelling of mammalian chromosomes, and to gain a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind growth and development, reproductive evolution, and even the creation of a species. (zmescience.com)
- As sexually reproducing, diploid, multicellular eukaryotes, humans rely on meiosis to serve a number of important functions, including the promotion of genetic diversity and the creation of proper conditions for reproductive success. (asu.edu)
- Finally, the group used their discovery to make additional egg cells within plant reproductive structures, raising the prospects that these techniques may someday be used for enhancing the reproduction and fertility of crop plants. (ucdavis.edu)
- The plant triggers auxin synthesis at one end of the female reproductive unit called the embryo sac, creating an auxin gradient. (ucdavis.edu)
- But cells in flowering plants are assigned more or less randomly to become reproductive units when the plant reaches sexual maturity. (ucdavis.edu)
- She is not affiliated with the new study, but is working on reproductive technology research involving buffalo. (cmaaa.co.za)
Mammalian7
- Twenty years have passed since Dolly the sheep was born by cloning (somatic cell nuclear transfer, SCNT) but the results of non-human mammalian cloning are very poor, and cause animal diseases and huge biological losses. (sibi.org)
- I believe that the reprogramming errors are not the only cause of these low rates of cloning: the mammalian SCNT fails with a very high frequency mainly due to the damage that the technique itself inflicts in the egg and the somatic nucleus, and the very few successful cases occur only when the damage is not significant. (sibi.org)
- Following two postdoctoral positions he joined the Roslin Institute in Scotland in 1991, where he applied his previous experience to the production of mammalian embryos by nuclear transfer. (nottingham.ac.uk)
- His research blossomed after he came to Roslin Institute where in a series of papers he put the intellectual framework into the method of mammalian cloning that ultimately led to the birth of Dolly in 1996. (nottingham.ac.uk)
- Presently, a complete of seven mammalian sirtuin homologs have already been identified including SIRT1-7, that are distributed in various parts of the cell. (mycareerpeer.com)
- Cloning by nuclear transfer using mammalian somatic cells has enormous potential application. (biomedcentral.com)
- The early mammalian embryo consists of the extra-embryonic cell layers-the trophoblast and a body of cells called the inner cell mass (ICM), which eventually become the embryo proper. (thefutureofthings.com)
Sperm5
- True cloning performed by nuclear transfer from an adult and differentiated somatic cell to a previously enucleated egg (somatic cell nuclear transfer, SCNT), gives rise to a new cell, the nuclovulo (nucleus+ovum), distinct from the zygote because the sperm is not involved in its creation, while both can develop as embryos and give rise to offspring. (sibi.org)
- In humans and other animals, the germ cells for production of eggs and sperm are established at birth. (ucdavis.edu)
- Within the flower, sperm cells are produced by pollen at the tips of stamens, while egg cells develop in ovules, tiny structures embedded in the ovary at the base of the pistil. (ucdavis.edu)
- NBC notes that "This method uses some cloning technology, and if everything goes as planned, the resulting embryo has DNA from three parents---the mother, the sperm donor and a bit from the egg donor. (faithandfreedom.us)
- The information is shared between two single cells being in the DNA of the egg cell of the mother and the sperm cell of the father. (brettelliott.com)
Tissues13
- Cells of the same type make tissues, and tissues make organs. (orthodoxwiki.org)
- In some adult tissues, such as bone marrow, muscle, and brain, discrete populations of adult stem cells generate replacement cells. (orthodoxwiki.org)
- Adult stem cells give the body its ability to repair and replace the cells and tissues of some organs. (orthodoxwiki.org)
- Adult stem cells are dispersed in tissues throughout the mature organism and behave very differently depending on the local environment. (orthodoxwiki.org)
- GSK 3 is normally a portrayed, active constitutively, proline-directed serine/threonine kinase involved with diverse biophysiological features including glycogen fat burning capacity, embryo development, tissues injury, regeneration and repair, immunomodulation, and redox homeostasis16. (mingsheng88.org)
- This new method of generating stem cells does not require embryos as starting points and could be used to generate cells from many adult tissues, such as a patient's own skin cells,' said principal author Andras Nagy, senior investigator at Mount Sinai's Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute. (cbc.ca)
- The amount of SIRT1 in regular liver organ tissues is quite low but offers been shown to become overexpressed in liver organ cancer cells and cell lines, indicating that SIRT1 might perform a significant role in liver tumor [36]. (mycareerpeer.com)
- Microarray-based global gene expression analyses on bovine placenta and trophoblast cells suggest that the expression profiles of specific genes depend on the cells and tissues in which they are expressed as well as the time of the gestation period. (bioone.org)
- Sir Peter Mansfield devised a way to harness cells' natural magnetic properties to produce images of soft tissues in humans, leading to the development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). (ukri.org)
- In addition to their ability to supply cells at the turnover rate of their respective tissues, they can be stimulated to repair injured tissue caused by liver damage, skin abrasions and blood loss. (thefutureofthings.com)
- The ability of our body to regenerate some of its tissues is largely owed to the reserves of adult stem cells. (thefutureofthings.com)
- It's possible that one cell types, just like the pericycle, are primed and may quickly acquire pluripotency currently, while cells from additional tissues have to go through a competence acquisition stage before their pluripotent potential turns into apparent. (cancercurehere.com)
- However, the accurate quantitation of mixed cell types in chimeric and mosaic tissues is complicated by sample preparation bias, transgenic silencing, phenotypic similarity, and low-throughput analytical pipelines. (stanford.edu)
Differentiation14
- Given the advantages of silicone immersion objectives, they are particularly useful in the areas of developmental biology, such as the macro and micro observation of embryos, zebrafish and other model organisms, as well as in regenerative biology for the investigation of the development and differentiation of embryonic stem and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. (olympus-lifescience.com)
- Professor Campbell was a cell biologist/embryologist with a research career spanning more than 30 years, the majority of which was in the field of cell growth and differentiation. (nottingham.ac.uk)
- His pioneering studies into cell-cycle control and cellular differentiation led to the programme of work at Roslin that gave birth to the first mammal to be cloned from adult cells - ie. (nottingham.ac.uk)
- The organizer discovery was a crucial contribution to embryology that led to further understanding of the pattern of embryo differentiation of amphibians. (asu.edu)
- It demonstrated that genes inactivated during tissue differentiation can be completely re-activated by a process called nuclear reprogramming: the reversion of a differentiated nucleus back to a totipotent status. (biomedcentral.com)
- The term stem cell can be defined by two very important qualities: the cell has the ability to self-renew and, in a more general sense, the cell has not completed differentiation into its final state. (thefutureofthings.com)
- This general definition includes a wide variety of cells with varying degrees of differentiation potential. (thefutureofthings.com)
- Many questions about stem cell differentiation remain. (brettelliott.com)
- For example, are the internal and external signals for cell differentiation similar for all kinds of stem cells? (brettelliott.com)
- Can specific sets of signals be identified that promote differentiation into specific cell types? (brettelliott.com)
- Here, I review the historical and current ideas of cell identification and identification transitions, and discuss how new tools and sights may instruct the near future knowledge of differentiation and vegetable regeneration. (cancercurehere.com)
- These fresh views of cell differentiation and identity are undergoing rapid development and so are more likely to change. (cancercurehere.com)
- Nevertheless, the idea of a rigid hierarchy of cell areas leading from an immature to a differentiated cell has been eliminated and changed by a far more liquid and flexible look at of cell identification transitions and differentiation. (cancercurehere.com)
- This cells can go through differentiation to create both shoots and origins, and therefore it was recommended that callus cells are inside a pluripotent condition (Ikeuchi et al. (cancercurehere.com)
Fluorescently2
- To analyse the time-series 3D microscopic images of developing embryos with fluorescently labelled nuclei, these studies used image segmentation. (nature.com)
- StarryNite, a software package released in 2006, performs automated lineage extraction by segmenting and tracking fluorescently labeled nuclei in 4D microscopy datasets [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Donor9
- When they were no longer needed for that purpose, they were donated for research with the informed consent of the donor. (orthodoxwiki.org)
- Somatic cell cloning (cloning or nuclear transfer) is a technique in which the nucleus (DNA) of a somatic cell is transferred into an enucleated metaphase-II oocyte for the generation of a new individual, genetically identical to the somatic cell donor (Figure 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
- Cells are collected from donor (a) and cultured in vitro (b). (biomedcentral.com)
- A matured oocyte (c) is then enucleated (d) and a donor cell is transferred into the enucleated oocyte (e). (biomedcentral.com)
- Various strategies have been employed to modify donor cells and the nuclear transfer procedure in attempts to improve the efficiency of nuclear transfer. (biomedcentral.com)
- Most of these efforts are focused on donor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
- Cas9 nuclease, single guide RNA, and donor DNA were transfected into mouse cells. (eco-vector.com)
- Is Dolly an exact clone of the nucleus donor? (retroreport.org)
- What are epigenetic factors that could cause Dolly to be different from the nucleus donor? (retroreport.org)
Mitochondria4
- SIRT 2, 6, and 7 can be found in the nucleus primarily, SIRT 2 is situated in the cytoplasm primarily, SIRT3, 4, and 5 are located in the mitochondria primarily, and SIRT1 can be distributed in both cell cytoplasm and nucleus [35]. (mycareerpeer.com)
- Scientists who favor this "advancement" say the mitochondria is like little batteries that provide energy for our cells. (faithandfreedom.us)
- Mitochondria are small complex structures, which exist in every cell of the body, except red blood cells. (impactlab.com)
- Studies in mice show it is possible to prevent the transmission of mitochondrial disease by moving the pronuclei - the genetic material which will go on to form a nucleus - from a fertilised egg containing bad mitochondria and putting it into another fertilised egg which only contains good mitochondria. (impactlab.com)
Tissue22
- Yet further treatments using stem cells could potentially be developed due to their ability to repair extensive tissue damage. (wikipedia.org)
- Adult stem cells are generally limited to differentiating into different cell types of their tissue of origin. (wikipedia.org)
- If there are intact cells in this tissue they have been 'stored' frozen. (wikiquote.org)
- It is also our view that there are no sound reasons for treating the early-stage human embryo or cloned human embryo as anything special, or as having moral status greater than human somatic cells in tissue culture. (wikiquote.org)
- In the fetus, stem cells in developing tissue give rise to the multiple specialized cell types that make up the human body. (orthodoxwiki.org)
- In adults, the remaining stem cells only differentiate into cell types specific to the tissue in which they reside (some recent studies seem to prove the contrary. (orthodoxwiki.org)
- Adult stem cells are rare, and their origin in mature tissue is not yet completely understood. (orthodoxwiki.org)
- Some recent studies focus on the plasticity of the adult stem cells, which is the ability to differentiate in specialized cells of another tissue. (orthodoxwiki.org)
- When used as an immersion medium, silicone oil greatly reduces spherical aberration, which is the inability of light rays to come to a single focal point in Z. As a result, brighter and higher resolution 3D images of live cells and living tissue can be acquired, especially at deeper sample depths. (olympus-lifescience.com)
- From birth to adolescence cell division (except of epithelial tissue) is blocked by NTA but cell growth is facilitated within the organ capsule by cell cytotrophins there present, but cytotrophins that escape are eliminated by phagocyte activity under the control of NTA. (price-pottenger.org)
- The thymus and thyroid cooperate in disposing of excess cytotrophins by the thyroid acting to release adsorbed cytotrophins from connective tissue, which the thymus has earmarked for disposal by the creation of antibodies against said cytotrophins, which antibodies by combining with the cytotrophin make such cytotrophin the target for phagocyte pickup and disposal through the liver route. (price-pottenger.org)
- In a study published in the online journal Nature on March 1, 2009, Canadian researches described a new method for generating stem cells from adult human tissue. (cbc.ca)
- The ability of antibodies to bind specifically to substances is a powerful tool in medical research and today it's used for everything from tissue typing for organ transplants to home pregnancy tests. (ukri.org)
- Once the stem cells have joined forces with the host organ or tissue, they support renewed growth and function of that organ or tissue. (brettelliott.com)
- Until recently it had been thought that a blood-forming cell in the bone marrow could not give rise to the cells of a very different tissue such as nerve cells in the brain. (brettelliott.com)
- However, a number of experiments in recent years have raised the possibility that stem cells from one tissue may be able to give rise to cell types of a completely different tissue, a phenomenon known as plasticity. (brettelliott.com)
- 2017, Z. around the emergence of patterns and tissue organization, and information regarding the events occurring at the level of individual cells is only now beginning to emerge. (cancercurehere.com)
- Nevertheless, research in tissue tradition have shown that whenever induced by exterior hormone software, callus originates particularly from specific pericycle-like cells discovered throughout the vegetable (Atta et al. (cancercurehere.com)
- Speed while performing the procedure helped, they learned, and scientists discovered clones created out of cells from fetal tissue did better than when they used adult cells. (cmaaa.co.za)
- Moreover, the concepts discussed here are readily adapted to other genomic loci to accurately measure mixed cell populations in any tissue. (stanford.edu)
- XI - embryonic stem cells: embryonic cells that are capable of modifying the cells of any organism tissue. (hinxtongroup.org)
- His work was critical to research that aims to treat genetic and degenerative diseases by helping the body repair damaged tissue. (wgnradio.com)
Fetus3
- They are derived from the primordial germ cells, which occur in a specific part of the embryo/fetus called the gonadal ridge. (orthodoxwiki.org)
- Stem cells are the generic, non-specific cells that develop within the embryo and they have the special ability to morph into whatever cell types the developing fetus requires at any given point. (brettelliott.com)
- Stem cells multiply very, very rapidly and give the fetus its amazing developmental speed. (brettelliott.com)
Scientists17
- The discovery of adult stem cells led scientists to develop an interest in the role of embryonic stem cells, and in separate studies in 1981 Gail Martin and Martin Evans derived pluripotent stem cells from the embryos of mice for the first time. (wikipedia.org)
- Researchers & scientists have produced more than 150 human-animal hybrid embryos in British research laboratory. (dunniyanews.com)
- Researchers Scientists say the methods can be used to develop emergent stem cells which can be used to treat a range of incurable diseases. (dunniyanews.com)
- All have now stopped generating hybrid embryos due to a lack of funding, but scientists trust that there will be more such work in the future. (dunniyanews.com)
- Scientists have been all abuzz in the last few years over stem cells - cellular magicians that promise to dazzle and amaze. (cbc.ca)
- Scientists say embryonic stem cells are the most useful type because they have the potential to become any type of cell within the body. (cbc.ca)
- Scientists are fascinated by the ability of stem cells to become any type of cell. (cbc.ca)
- We also hear how scientists at EMBL-EBI are working with NASA on a new branch of microbiome research - in space (p. 26). (issuu.com)
- While regarded by many top scientists as the Holy Grail of medicine, others consider embryonic stem-cell research sacrilegious. (thefutureofthings.com)
- A number of large biotech companies and scientists are looking toward stem cells as the basis for a therapeutic solution to cure such illnesses as blindness, diabetes and spinal cord injuries. (thefutureofthings.com)
- In Tetra's case, scientists split the embryos, much like what happens naturally when identical twins develop. (cmaaa.co.za)
- When scientists made Dolly the sheep, years after she was born they used the same cell cluster to make four other sheep clones. (cmaaa.co.za)
- UK scientists have won permission to create a human embryo that will have genetic material from two mothers. (impactlab.com)
- The lamb's cloning was the first time scientists were able to coax a mature adult cell into behaving like a cell from a newly fertilized embryo in order to create a genetically identical animal. (wgnradio.com)
- While Dolly's creation was heralded as a revolution by some scientists, it unnerved many, with critics calling such experiments unethical. (wgnradio.com)
- Dolly's creation prompted other scientists to clone animals including dogs, cats, horses and bulls. (wgnradio.com)
- Dolly's creation was part of a broader project by scientists to create genetically modified sheep that could produce therapeutic proteins in their milk. (wgnradio.com)
Embryogenesis5
- During embryogenesis, cells repeatedly divide and dynamically change their positions in three-dimensional (3D) space. (nature.com)
- A robust and accurate algorithm to acquire the 3D positions of the cells would help to reveal the mechanisms of embryogenesis. (nature.com)
- Using QCANet, we were able to extract several quantitative criteria of embryogenesis from 11 early mouse embryos. (nature.com)
- He hoped that his experiments would also help to distinguish the roles of the nucleus and the cytoplasm in embryogenesis. (asu.edu)
- Our outcomes present that EDCs can induce a big selection of developmental modifications during embryogenesis of zebrafish and create GFP transgenic lines as effective tools to display screen for EDCs results embryos [15]. (thetechnoant.info)
Implanted into a surrogate mother1
- It developed into an embryo, which was implanted into a surrogate mother and carried to term. (essays.io)
Blastocyst5
- After 3 to 5 days, prior to implantation into the uterine wall, the embryo achieves a stage called blastocyst. (orthodoxwiki.org)
- In the interior of the blastocyst, there is a cluster of about 30 cells called the inner cell mass. (orthodoxwiki.org)
- The cells that form the inner cell mass of the blastocyst are called pluripotent stem cells . (orthodoxwiki.org)
- The space inside the embryo spreads, and the morula becomes a blastocyst. (nature.com)
- The somatic cell and the oocyte is then fused (f) and the embryos is allowed to develop to a blastocyst in vitro (g). (biomedcentral.com)
Germ8
- Stem cells originating in human embryos can be categorized as either embryonic stem cells or embryonic germ cells . (orthodoxwiki.org)
- Embryonic germ cells share many of the characteristics of the embryonic stem cells but differ in significant ways. (orthodoxwiki.org)
- Germ cells do not proliferate as long as stem sells. (orthodoxwiki.org)
- Under certain conditions, germ cells do differentiate into specialized cells. (orthodoxwiki.org)
- Germ cells and stem cells also differ with respect to their growth characteristics in vitro and their behavior in vivo. (orthodoxwiki.org)
- Stem cells come in three forms: embryonic stem cells, embryonic germ cells and adult stem cells. (cbc.ca)
- Embryonic stem cells come from embryos, embryonic germ cells from testes, and adult stem cells can come from bone marrow. (cbc.ca)
- The ICM continues to differentiate into three germ layers-ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm, each of which follows a specific developmental destiny that takes them along an ever-specifying path at which end the daughter cells will make up the different organs of the human body. (thefutureofthings.com)
Zebrafish4
- In zebrafish, for instance, BPA treatments began prior 22 hours post-fertilization (hpf) result in 85C100% of otolith flaws, while treatment began after 22 hpf usually do not influence embryos. (thetechnoant.info)
- Our research also establishes zebrafish transgenic lines as effective tools to display screen for rapid screening process small substances and their results on advancement. (thetechnoant.info)
- Results Chemicals screening process with zebrafish transgenic lines To be able to test the consequences of various substances on zebrafish transgenic embryos, we've selected six known EDCs (TBBPA, atrazine, methoxychlor, CdCl2, DEHP, chlordecone). (thetechnoant.info)
- Because we targeted to describe fresh results elicited by these substances on the advancement of zebrafish embryo, we've chosen a big selection of concentrations from 1 nM to 10 M. We examined these substances on seven transgenic lines that represent the vascular (arteries), digestive (pancreas, liver organ, pharyngeal teeth) and anxious systems (internal hearing) (Desk 1). (thetechnoant.info)
Totipotent stem1
- These cells are called totipotent stem cells . (orthodoxwiki.org)
Ability to differentiate3
- Since pluripotent stem cells have the ability to differentiate into any type of cell, they are used in the development of medical treatments for a wide range of conditions. (wikipedia.org)
- They have lost the ability to differentiate to all cell types needed for a complete embryo development (up to 14 days post-fertilization). (orthodoxwiki.org)
- These adult stem cells are considered multipotent, having the ability to differentiate into different cell types, albeit with a more limited repertoire than embryonic stem cells. (thefutureofthings.com)
Surrogate1
- It's then stimulated to develop into an embryo, which is transplanted into a surrogate mother. (cmaaa.co.za)
Embryonic cell2
- Destruction of a human embryo is required in order to research new embryonic cell lines. (wikipedia.org)
- Prior to SCNT, the somatic cell (differentiated) must be reprogramed to a similar state of a pluripotent embryonic cell (undifferentiated) before the nucleus is extracted and transferred. (sibi.org)
Model organisms1
- Drosophila embryos are easily amenable to imaging because they are more transparent than the embryos of other model organisms, such as mice. (nature.com)
Pluripotent stem2
- Considerable effort has thus been devoted to generating induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from multiple non-human primate species. (stanford.edu)
- Generating human artery and vein cells from pluripotent stem cells highlights the arterial tropism of Nipah and Hendra viruses. (stanford.edu)
Developmental5
- Thus if by "potential" one means "potency" - i.e., that the early human embryo already exists with a human nature that is already there, and has its own inherent power or capacity (provided by that human nature) to simply grow bigger and bigger through all the usual developmental stages through birth, then such a statement stands as accurate - both scientifically and philosophically. (lifeissues.net)
- These developmental defects have been attributed to incomplete reprogramming of the somatic nuclei by the cloning process. (biomedcentral.com)
- Developmental defects, including abnormalities in cloned fetuses and placentas, in addition to high rates of pregnancy loss and neonatal death have been encountered by every research team studying somatic cloning. (biomedcentral.com)
- While they succeeded in obtaining cloned macaques, the numbers are too low to make many conclusions, except that it remains a very inefficient and hazardous procedure,' said Robin Lovell-Badge, an embryologist and head of the Division of Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Genetics at the Francis Crick Institute. (cmaaa.co.za)
- Animal chimeras are widely used for biomedical discoveries, from developmental biology to cancer research. (stanford.edu)
Genetic8
- Statistics seen by the Daily Mail show that 155 'admixed' embryos, comprising both human and animal genetic material, have been created since the outline of the 2008 Human Fertilisation Embryology Act. (dunniyanews.com)
- 4 Creation biologists have not only falsified the neo-Darwinian contention that mutations plus natural selection can generate the world's biodiversity from random events, 5 but also have shown that evolutionary genetic theory is fatally flawed and effectively falsified by numerical simulation. (creation.com)
- There he continued his research on the cloning and genetic modification of livestock. (nottingham.ac.uk)
- Two years ago Sundaresan and a postdoctoral fellow in his laboratory, Gabriela Pagnussat, used genetic tools to shift the position of a single nucleus at one end of an embryo sac in the plant Arabidopsis. (ucdavis.edu)
- The genetic information within this single cell contains the equivalent of 800 dictionaries. (brettelliott.com)
- The researchers remove the egg's nucleus -- the part of the cell that contains most of its genetic information-- and replace it with the nucleus from another cell. (cmaaa.co.za)
- Certain fetal and maternal conditions have been shown to have environmental and genetic components. (medscape.com)
- Think of mice with sizable pieces of genetic code that originated from the human genome, used in cancer and pharmaceutical research, or pigs with a human heart, that are grown for medical applications. (demul.nl)
Regeneration2
- 1958). This means that that as the pericycle, using its putative specific properties, may be the primary contributor to cells culture-based regeneration, pluripotency could be wide-spread amongst vegetable cells. (cancercurehere.com)
- Indeed, identification transitions during regeneration aren't instant always, and research of adventitious main initiation have observed a delay between your wound response and the looks of cytological. (cancercurehere.com)
Morula2
- Only cells from an embryo at the morula stage or earlier are truly totipotent, meaning that they are able to form all cell types including placental cells. (wikipedia.org)
- At the 8-cell stage, the embryo becomes compact, and the cells form a spherical mass called a morula. (nature.com)
Bioethical issues1
- While both types of stem cells are very important for biomedical research, the use of embryonic stem cells raises most of the bioethical issues. (orthodoxwiki.org)
Create a genetically1
- The aim of the study was to create a genetically modified clone of mouse stem cells with a conditional knockout of humanized α-synuclein, which can be used for the reinjection into mouse blastocysts, as well as for basic and applied in vitro research in the field of pathophysiology and neuropharmacology. (eco-vector.com)
Microscopy3
- AceTree, a software application first released in 2006, facilitates exploration, curation and editing of tracked C. elegans nuclei in 4-dimensional (4D) fluorescence microscopy datasets. (biomedcentral.com)
- The software has proved to be a useful tool in research, necessitating evolutionary changes as software libraries and microscopy technology have evolved. (biomedcentral.com)
- Angler, a companion program to the AceDB database that facilitates visualization of DIC (differential interference contrast) microscopy images coupled with lineage data and 3D cell positions [ 6 ], lacks the ability to edit annotation data as is possible in AceTree. (biomedcentral.com)
Microscopic2
- To quantify the nuclear region of every cell from a time-series 3D fluorescence microscopic image of living cells, we developed QCANet, a convolutional neural network-based segmentation algorithm for 3D fluorescence bioimages. (nature.com)
- You would need 3 gigabytes of storage space on a computer to hold all of this information and yet all of it is contained inside the microscopic nucleus of a cell so tiny that it can't be seen at all with the naked eye! (brettelliott.com)
Cytoplasm1
- Previous studies show that the procedure of translocation of HMGB1 through the cell nucleus towards the cytoplasm could possibly be affected by many post-translational adjustments, including acetylation, methylation, and phosphorylation [37,38]. (mycareerpeer.com)
Gene5
- This pioneering study has helped pave the way for others to develop gene and stem-cell based strategies for therapeutic purposes. (nottingham.ac.uk)
- The induction from the AP2-like transcription element gene causes the creation of callus from epidermal cells (Iwase et al. (cancercurehere.com)
- To create mouse stem cells with a conditional knockout of the humanized Snca gene, a previously obtained clone with the first Snca exon flanked by LoxP sites, was used. (eco-vector.com)
- As a result of the study, a strategy for CRISPR/Cas9-assisted homologous recombination in the genome of mouse embryonic stem cells has been developed to create a fully humanized Snca gene encoding α-synuclein, and the clone genome of mouse embryonic stem cells has been edited using a CRISPR technology. (eco-vector.com)
- Ectopic expression of gene BCL2 enhances the survival and proliferation of chimpanzee and pig-tailed macaque iPSCs within the pre-implantation embryo, although the identity and long-term contribution of the transplanted cells warrants further investigation. (stanford.edu)
Zygote4
- At the top of the list comes the zygote-a fertilized egg, which of course has the ability to divide and differentiate into all cell types in the body and create a new organism. (thefutureofthings.com)
- The first three divisions of the zygote give birth to eight totipotent cells, each of which also has the ability to become an entire organism. (thefutureofthings.com)
- These two parent cells combine to form one new prototype cell, the zygote. (brettelliott.com)
- The Zygote represents the very first of millions of stem cells. (brettelliott.com)
Organism5
- For many decades, stem cells have played an important role in medical research, beginning in 1868 when Ernst Haeckel first used the phrase to describe the fertilized egg which eventually gestates into an organism. (wikipedia.org)
- No matter how simple or complex an organism is, the cell remains the structurally and functionally basic unit of life (there are even unicellular organisms, like bacteria. (orthodoxwiki.org)
- Stem cells are the way the organism generates all the specialized cells needed for development and functioning. (orthodoxwiki.org)
- Any of the cells resulted from these divisions can give rise to all the cells needed to make up an adult organism. (orthodoxwiki.org)
- … "embryo" means a human organism during the first 56 days of its development following fertilization or creation, excluding any time during which its development has been suspended, and includes any cell derived from such an organism that is used for the purpose of creating a human being. (hinxtongroup.org)
SCNT3
- Again, Saunders is referring to SCNT as "THE" cloning procedure, when there are many other ways to clone a human being as well, and he is scientifically mis-defining the product of SCNT (i.e., the cloned human embryo). (lifeissues.net)
- In the case of Hua Hua and Zhong Zhong, researchers used modern technology developed only in the last couple of years to enhance the technique used to clone Dolly, which is called somatic cell transfer, or SCNT. (cmaaa.co.za)
- The team tweaked the SCNT procedure using new technology that helped with the nucleus transfer and the fusion of cells. (cmaaa.co.za)
Ethical5
- Much of the debate surrounding human embryonic stem cells, therefore, concern ethical and legal quandaries around the destruction of an embryo. (wikipedia.org)
- These animals are important in terms of their significance to science and the ethical issues that their creation raises. (wikiquote.org)
- Progressives are celebrating, while some conservatives are saying much more research needs to be done---other Christian conservatives are expressing ethical concerns. (faithandfreedom.us)
- Stem cells are at the forefront of medical research and incite some of the most controversial ethical and religious debates worldwide. (thefutureofthings.com)
- How did the Japanese scientist Shinya Yamanaka sidestep the ethical issues surrounding the use of human embryos in stem cell research? (retroreport.org)
Dolly9
- Professor Campbell was instrumental in the creation of Dolly the Sheep, the first cloned mammal, a breakthrough which paved the way for the successful cloning of many other mammal species. (nottingham.ac.uk)
- Dolly the Sheep, the first mammal to be cloned from an adult derived somatic cell, was born in 1996. (nottingham.ac.uk)
- Professor Sir Ian Wilmut, who worked with Professor Campbell on the creation of Dolly the Sheep, said: "Always cheerful and friendly, Keith will be greatly missed by all of his friends and colleagues. (nottingham.ac.uk)
- Inevitably most people will remember him for Dolly the sheep although his recent work was focused on fundamental and applied stem cell research as a tool for the study of human disease. (nottingham.ac.uk)
- To make Dolly, researchers isolated a somatic cell from adult female sheep. (essays.io)
- Ian Wilmut, the cloning pioneer whose research was critical to the creation of Dolly the Sheep, has died, the Roslin Institute at the University of Edinburgh said Monday. (wgnradio.com)
- LONDON (AP) - Ian Wilmut, the cloning pioneer whose work was critical to the creation of Dolly the Sheep in 1996, has died at age 79. (wgnradio.com)
- This 13-minute video shows students both the scientific and cultural context surrounding Dolly, the world's first clone of an adult mammal. (retroreport.org)
- The video clarifies the scientific process that led to Dolly's creation, explores how media and political leaders responded to the birth with surprise and fear, and how Dolly influenced the ongoing debate over the use of human embryos in stem cell research. (retroreport.org)
Stem cell13
- The stem cell controversy is the consideration of the ethics of research involving the development and use of human embryos. (wikipedia.org)
- Not all stem cell research involves human embryos. (wikipedia.org)
- In 1995 adult stem cell research with human use was patented (US PTO with effect from 1995). (wikipedia.org)
- However, some evidence suggests that adult stem cell plasticity may exist, increasing the number of cell types a given adult stem cell can become. (wikipedia.org)
- In December 1999, the editors of Science, the journal devoted to scientific and medical matters, called stem cell research the 'Breakthrough of the Year. (cbc.ca)
- Since then, there has been a flurry of announcements about developments in stem cell research and hints of promising treatments for diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and cancer. (cbc.ca)
- In May 2007, Ontario and California announced a $30-million stem cell research deal aimed at finding new therapies for those diseases. (cbc.ca)
- Ontario and California together account for about 70 per cent of the stem cell research currently conducted in North America. (cbc.ca)
- Some of that money would be aimed at turning the state into the second-largest stem cell research region in the United States. (cbc.ca)
- However, researchers at the Harvard Stem Cell Institute say reprogrammed cells won't eliminate the need or value of studying embryonic stem cells. (cbc.ca)
- Recent advances in the field of stem-cell research are giving hope to millions. (thefutureofthings.com)
- Avant-garde approaches to stem-cell therapy may be the first stepping-stones to a bright new future of stem-cell medicine and are emerging in leading laboratories worldwide. (thefutureofthings.com)
- A particular field encouraged by the foundation is stem-cell research, with the great hope that it will result in the ability to get cells to differentiate into neurons and support cells to bridge the gap of a spinal cord injury. (thefutureofthings.com)
Nuclear5
- Because cattle are a species widely used for nuclear transfer studies, and more laboratories have succeeded in cloning cattle than any other specie, this review will be focused on somatic cell cloning of cattle. (biomedcentral.com)
- Currently, the efficiency for nuclear transfer is between 0-10%, i.e., 0-10 live births after transfer of 100 cloned embryos. (biomedcentral.com)
- Although the efficiency of nuclear transfer has been dramatically improved from the initial success rate of one live clone born from 277 embryo transfers [ 1 ], none of the aforementioned efforts abolished the common problems associated with nuclear transfer. (biomedcentral.com)
- These observations suggest that further studies on nuclear reprogramming are needed in order to understand the underlying mechanisms of reprogramming and significantly improve the ability of the differentiated somatic nuclei to be reprogrammed. (biomedcentral.com)
- The sheep were cloned through somatic nuclear transfer from the udder cell of a six-year-old sheep in the year 1996 after 276 failed attempts. (essays.io)
Naturally1
- Stem cells are naturally occurring in the human body (and other living organisms) at all levels of development. (orthodoxwiki.org)
Clone2
- The developed cell clone can serve to create a line of genetically modified mice that serve as a test system for pathophysiological and neuropharmacological studies associated with synucleinopathies. (eco-vector.com)
- They had been working for years to find a process to use clone cells in developing drugs and therapies to fight deadly diseases. (retroreport.org)
Ovum1
- HN - 2008 BX - Von Ebner's Glands MH - Cumulus Cells UI - D054885 MN - A05.360.319.114.630.535.200.500 MN - A06.407.312.497.535.300.500 MN - A11.436.300.500 MS - The granulosa cells of the cumulus oophorus which surround the OVUM in the GRAAFIAN FOLLICLE. (bvsalud.org)
Oocyte1
- 7. "[footnote 16]: The cloning procedure supplies the oocyte with a complete set of chromosomes, all of which are contained in the nucleus which is transferred into the denucleated oocyte. (lifeissues.net)
Cell's1
- Chromosomes are condensed DNA strands bunched together in different shapes which help keep DNA tidy in a cell's nucleus. (zmescience.com)
Organisms6
- Cloning in biotechnology refers to processes used to create copies of DNA fragments ( molecular cloning ), cells (cell cloning), or organisms . (wikiquote.org)
- As organisms develop, stem cells become specialized types of cells. (orthodoxwiki.org)
- Adult Stem Cells - occurring in adult organisms. (orthodoxwiki.org)
- Researchers have been trying to interfere with this process to help address such errors when they happen, but we've had extremely limited success - and what success we did have was only using single-cell organisms like yeast. (zmescience.com)
- Meiosis, the process by which sexually-reproducing organisms generate gametes (sex cells), is an essential precondition for the normal formation of the embryo. (asu.edu)
- In biotechnology, cloning refers to the processes employed to develop copies of DNA portions of organisms or cells. (essays.io)
Chromosomes1
- The human sex chromosomes, called X and Y, are structures in human cells made up of tightly bound deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, and proteins. (asu.edu)
Development12
- That is, it would be acknowledging that the human embryo and the human " baby " are the same human being and human person throughout all of his/her development. (lifeissues.net)
- As embryonic development proceeds, stem cells lose their pluripotency. (orthodoxwiki.org)
- Thus, embryo development is highly dynamic. (nature.com)
- They are in an early stage of development and have the ability to become any type of cell to form skin, bones, organs or other body parts. (cbc.ca)
- Recording and contextualizing the science of embryos, development, and reproduction. (asu.edu)
- Many preformationists thought all embryos were established during creation by God, encased within one another, awaiting future development. (asu.edu)
- Resveratrol reversed Ac-HMGB1 induced dysfunction in liver organ cells cultured and research that have demonstrated the anti-tumor ramifications of resveratrol for both tumor initiation and development [23]. (mycareerpeer.com)
- HMGB1 can be released by the injured liver cells to prolong the inflammatory response, which can affect the development of liver organ disease [33]. (mycareerpeer.com)
- First, this is the first definitive report of a plant hormone acting as a morphogen, that is, a substance that directs the pattern of development of cells based on its concentration. (ucdavis.edu)
- At the start of the process of egg-cell development, a "mother cell" in the ovule divides several times, in a sequence involving both meiosis and mitotic divisions. (ucdavis.edu)
- The bovine embryos with higher oxygen consumption are better candidates to further development into good quality embryos and yielded higher pregnancy rates after embryo transfer. (bioone.org)
- The most incredible feat of "nature" must certainly be the development of a human being from one single cell to a complete functioning human body within the very short space of only nine months. (brettelliott.com)
Coronavirus1
- We report on the EMBL research groups and core facilities using their expertise to study coronavirus (pp. 5-9), and Stephen Cusack, Head of EMBL Grenoble, discusses how the insights his group has gained into the influenza virus can be applied to combat other viruses, such as Lassa virus (p. 22). (issuu.com)
Mice1
- Through this approach, they managed to create a new species which, despite having a completely different chromosome package in their cells compared to natural mice, appears to be completely healthy and show normal behavior. (zmescience.com)
Procedure2
- The primary couple are Jordanian and Muslim, so the doctors had to modify the procedure somewhat to eliminate the couple's religious concerns about discarding, or killing two embryos which is required in the process. (faithandfreedom.us)
- How many times did he have to repeat the procedure before an embryo was carried to term? (retroreport.org)
Fluorescence1
- Fli1-EGFP embryos had been treated with VPA and TSA from 1 nM to 10 M at 5 hpf as well as the fluorescence was examined from 24 to 72 hpf. (thetechnoant.info)
Viable5
- The efficiency of cloning, defined as the proportion of transferred embryos that result in viable offspring, is approximately 2 to 3% for all species. (sibi.org)
- So it is unlikely that the cells would be viable. (wikiquote.org)
- Let's say that one in a thousand cells were nevertheless viable, practical issues come into play. (wikiquote.org)
- Given that we have an efficiency of 1% cloning for livestock species and if only one in a thousand cells are viable then around 100,000 cells would need to be transferred. (wikiquote.org)
- It is hoped that further investigation into the beautiful complexities of this world will instil an attitude of profound love for the Creator and encourage research that will develop a more viable, and uniquely biblical, creation model of ecology. (creation.com)
Cellular1
- When investigating the causes of this failure via cellular and molecular analysis of 2-cell zygotes and the successive cell divisions (blastomeres), all kinds of abnormalities were found. (sibi.org)
Bone marrow1
- Many less controversial sources of acquiring stem cells include using cells from the umbilical cord, breast milk, and bone marrow, which are not pluripotent. (wikipedia.org)
Scientist2
- The scientist had analyzed almost 300 embryos produced in three years, and although several seemed healthy, they all resulted inviable. (sibi.org)
- Ecosystem research is important in the work of EMBL scientist Katja Ovchinnikova, who is applying her skills in computer science to study the health of coral reefs. (issuu.com)
Neurons2
- under certain conditions, they can be induced to become cells with special functions (like muscle cells, liver cells, neurons, etc. (orthodoxwiki.org)
- Examples of such plasticity include blood cells becoming neurons, liver cells that can be made to produce insulin and hematopoietic stem cells that can develop into heart muscle. (brettelliott.com)
Biology2
- Shen K, Scheiffele P Genetics and cell biology of building specific synaptic connectivity. (co.ke)
- Not in order to claim the 'eternal truth' of this ancient cosmology, but to show that it contains insights that help us to better understand contemporary postgenomic biology and philosophical anthropology and to situate them in a broader world-historical context. (demul.nl)
Newly1
- The epigenesists argued that each embryo was newly produced and developed gradually from unorganized material. (asu.edu)
Transplant1
- Modern study shows that organs from cloned pigs produce organs that can be used in a human transplant. (essays.io)
Therapeutic1
- In 1998, James Thomson and Jeffrey Jones derived the first human embryonic stem cells, with even greater potential for drug discovery and therapeutic transplantation. (wikipedia.org)
Researchers3
- Refractive index mismatch, and resulting spherical aberration, has historically plagued researchers interested in long term, live-cell imaging at high resolution. (olympus-lifescience.com)
- Researchers there are working on technology that induces human skin cells to change into the kind of stem cells that have been created by embryos. (cbc.ca)
- University of Florida researchers have shown ordinary human brain cells may share the prized qualities of self-renewal and adaptability normally associated with stem cells. (brettelliott.com)
Grown1
- However, they are harvested from embryos grown in the lab. (cbc.ca)
Fertilization2
- In Vitro Fertilization - some of the embryos used in human stem cells research were initially created for infertility purposes through in vitro fertilization procedures. (orthodoxwiki.org)
- SECM technique may be a valuable tool for accurately assessing the quality of embryos and thereby contribute to improving outcomes associated with assisted reproduction, including human in vitro fertilization. (bioone.org)