• Extracts of green tea and green tea polyphenols have exhibited inhibitory effects against the formation and development of tumors at different organ sites in animals. (nih.gov)
  • Furthermore, growth of orthotopically implanted tumors in vivo is inhibited by blocking PVRL4-driven cell-to-cell attachment with monoclonal antibodies, demonstrating a novel strategy for targeted therapy of cancer. (elifesciences.org)
  • It is estimated that up to 90% of cancers in humans originate in epithelial tissue, and the cells within such tumors are known to survive and divide even when they are no longer attached to the extracellular matrix. (elifesciences.org)
  • Normally, the PVRL4 gene is not active in breast epithelial cells, but its activity is detected in many breast, lung, and ovarian tumors. (elifesciences.org)
  • This behavior is particularly evident in the cells that divide aggressively to form tumors that subsequently migrate and colonize other tissues around the body. (elifesciences.org)
  • used genetic techniques to silence PVRL4 in cells from breast tumors, they found that it reduced the formation of clusters by the cancer cells and also reduced their ability to grow in the absence of attachment. (elifesciences.org)
  • Many tumors display intracellular heterogeneity, with subsets of cancer stem cells (CSC) that sustain tumor growth, recurrence, and therapy resistance. (mdc-berlin.de)
  • Here we investigated the interactions between CSCs and CAFs in mammary gland tumors driven by combined activation of Wnt/{beta}-catenin and Hgf/Met signaling in mouse mammary epithelial cells. (mdc-berlin.de)
  • Whilst JQ1 was able to shrink pancreatic tumors in mice when tested independently it did not affect likelihood of survival, however when tested in combination with vorinostat, an FDA approved drugs used to treat cutaneous T cell lymphoma, mice displayed a significant reduction in tumor size, increase in survival time and no noticeable side effects. (understandinganimalresearch.org.uk)
  • 2000). In Human Medicine, cytopathology has been employed since the 19th century, and started in 1867 with studies of cells from ascitic liquid of patients with ovarian tumors. (vin.com)
  • 2001). Considering only the round-cells tumors, the effectiveness increases to 95%, helping the definitive diagnosis of these tumors because they have characteristics better defined in cytological examinations then in histopathology (Guedes et al . (vin.com)
  • Among the cancers, a study with 150 dogs of both genders and of different races, found that 74 (49.3%) were mesenchymal, 26 (17.3%) epithelial, seven (4.7%) of neuroectodermal origin, seven (4.7%) of sexual cord and interstitium, 16 (10.7%) were transmissible venereal tumors, and 20 (13.3%) were cancers of mammary glands (Magalhães et al . (vin.com)
  • 2001). In another study, 64 dogs with cutaneous round-cell tumors were put up for cytological examination, where were found 25 mast-cell tumors, 15 histiocytomas, nine lymphomas and 15 transmissible venereal tumors (Duncan & Prasse 1979). (vin.com)
  • The mast cell tumors was also the highest incident tumor in another study involving cutaneous tumors (Griffith s et al . (vin.com)
  • Indeed, one critical question contemplated at the Workshop was whether tumors derive from organ stem cells that retain self-renewal properties but acquire epigenetic and genetic changes required for tumorigenicity or whether tumor stem cells are proliferative progenitors that acquire self-renewal capacity. (aacrjournals.org)
  • In the cancer stem cell model of tumors, there is a small subset of cancer cells, the cancer stem cells, which constitute a reservoir of self-sustaining cells with the exclusive ability to self-renew and maintain the tumor. (aacrjournals.org)
  • If cancer stem cells are relatively refractory to therapies that have been developed to eradicate the rapidly dividing cells within the tumor that constitute the majority of the nonstem cell component of tumors, then they are unlikely to be curative and relapses would be expected. (aacrjournals.org)
  • OBJECTIVE: To compare malignancy rates of canine mammary gland tumors diagnosed incidentally and nonincidentally. (bvsalud.org)
  • ANIMALS: 96 female dogs from which mammary gland tumors were removed. (bvsalud.org)
  • METHODS: Medical records of all female dogs from which mammary gland tumors were removed at a privately owned referral institution between 2018 and 2021 were reviewed. (bvsalud.org)
  • Mice and rats that breathed 1,2-dichloropropane developed respiratory tract cancer and tumors in the Harderian gland and spleen. (cdc.gov)
  • Eating high levels of 1,2-dichloropropane for a long period of time causes mammary and liver tumors in rats and mice. (cdc.gov)
  • After the last chlorhexidine wipe, use a sterile scalpel to make a one inch incision into the skin between the median and sagittal planes on the left side of the mouse, starting just below the ribs and ending above the fourth inguinal mammary gland teat, followed by a similar one inch incision through the peritoneum. (jove.com)
  • During external examination, the animal was in a good body condition, had moderately pale mucosae, and it was noted a nodular plaque in the abdominal ventral area extending from thoracic to inguinal mammary gland. (ufrgs.br)
  • The mass was firm and white, extensively ulcerated, and extending from the thoracic to inguinal mammary gland. (ufrgs.br)
  • In view of the absence of reports regarding adiponectin levels in dogs and the occurrence of malignant neoplasms, the present study aimed to compare the serum levels of adiponectin in clinically normal bitches and in those with a diagnosis of mammary carcinoma. (scielo.br)
  • Infrequent cases of mammary neoplasms have been reported in cattle ( POVEY & OSBORNE, 1969 POVEY, R.C. (scielo.br)
  • Invasive ductal carcinoma of the mammary gland in a mare. (scielo.br)
  • IYER, P.K. Mammary intraductal carcinoma in a buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). (scielo.br)
  • IYER, P.K.R. Mammary intraductal carcinoma in goats (Capra hircus). (scielo.br)
  • anaplastic carcinoma of the mammary gland is considered a highly invasive and malignant neoplasia, which usually leads to neoplastic thrombosis and epidermal ulceration due to invasiveness of lymphatic vessels by tumor emboli. (ufrgs.br)
  • The aim of this case report is to describe a case of hemorrhagic stroke in a dog with anaplastic carcinoma of the mammary gland. (ufrgs.br)
  • Histologically, the neoplastic proliferation was composed by epithelial cells with high pleomorphism, features of malignancy, and no delimitations, leading to the diagnosis of anaplastic carcinoma of the mammary gland. (ufrgs.br)
  • anaplastic carcinoma of the mammary gland has an epithelial origin and is considered the most malignant neoplasm with worst prognosis due to its characteristic of high cellular pleomorphism and the ability of invasiveness of vessels and adjacent tissues. (ufrgs.br)
  • Moreover, studies demonstrate the higher risk of clotting abnormalities when associated to progression of mammary carcinomas, which includes anaplastic carcinoma of the mammary gland. (ufrgs.br)
  • C. burnetii can be isolated from the blood, lungs, spleen, and liver of infected animals in the acute phase of The Study the disease. (cdc.gov)
  • A surgical procedure was developed to deliver mammary tumor cells to the murine liver via portal vein injection. (jove.com)
  • This model permits investigation of late stages of liver metastasis in a fully immune competent host, including tumor cell extravasation, seeding, survival, and metastatic outgrowth in the liver. (jove.com)
  • The overall goal of this procedure is to deliver tumor cells directly to the murine liver for the experimental modeling of breast cancer liver metastasis. (jove.com)
  • The main advantage of this technique is that it delivers tumor cells directly to the liver without the removal of the spleen or concomitant multi organ metastasis. (jove.com)
  • In some cases the control animals displayed kidney, liver and pancreatic diseases. (fromthetrenchesworldreport.com)
  • They also had damage to their blood cells and liver. (cdc.gov)
  • Animals that breathed or ingested 1,2-dichloropropane for short periods of time suffered damage in the respiratory tract, blood cells, and liver. (cdc.gov)
  • There is sufficient evidence in experimental animals for a cancer-preventive effect of limitation of body-weight gain by dietary restriction, for cancers of the mammary gland, colon, liver, pancreas, skin, and pituitary gland. (who.int)
  • Understanding how cancerous cells gain this ability may lead to new approaches to stopping tumor cells from dividing and colonizing tissues around the body. (elifesciences.org)
  • Now pipette the tumor cells up and down several times to re-suspend the cell solution, and load a 25 microliter removable needle syringe, equipped with a 32 gauge needle, with 10 microliters of the cells. (jove.com)
  • Wipe the outside of the loaded needle with a sterile alcohol pad to remove any external tumor cells, taking care to avoid needle sticks. (jove.com)
  • More recent data show that OPG is also produced in breast tumor cells, and that it can promote tumor growth and metastasis [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Admixed with tumor cells there were multiple areas of hemorrhage, necrosis and thrombosis. (ufrgs.br)
  • The aim of the study was to investigate the role of ß2-GPI in tumor cells of breast cancer patients and its correlation with tumor prognosis. (bvsalud.org)
  • RESULTS: ß2-GPI staining was predominantly observed in tumor cells of breast cancer patients and significantly correlated with tumor stage and lymph node metastasis of breast cancer. (bvsalud.org)
  • CONCLUSION: High ß2-GPI expression levels in tumor cells of breast cancer patients were independent factors predicting a better OS and DFS. (bvsalud.org)
  • The meeting participants were charged with evaluating data suggesting that cancers develop from a small subset of cells with self-renewal properties analogous to organ stem cells. (aacrjournals.org)
  • We isolated four categories of cells from mammary epithelium of female calves: bromodeoxyuridine label retaining epithelial cells (LREC) from basal (LRECb) and embedded layers (LRECe), and epithelial control cells from basal and embedded layers. (frontiersin.org)
  • A single-cell layer of epithelium is separated from the tissues beneath it by a supporting substance called the extracellular matrix. (elifesciences.org)
  • Microscopic evaluation revealed severe hyperplasia of the mammary epithelium and numerous well-differentiated and mildly pleomorphic acini. (scielo.br)
  • While Akt Ser 473 phosphorylation was readily detectable in AND-34 +/+ lens epithelial cells, it was markedly reduced in the AND-34 −/− lens epithelium. (molvis.org)
  • OSBORNE, A.D. Mammary gland neoplasia in the cow. (scielo.br)
  • Inside the bud, a rudimentary mammary ductal system is formed, which is present at birth. (medscape.com)
  • The results showed that FPMH dose-dependently reduced MAC-T cell viability following exposure to FPMH and induced mitochondrial depolarization and apoptosis. (korea.ac.kr)
  • Animals are often naturally infected in this study to measure amounts of C. burnetii shed in but usually do not show typical symptoms of C. burnetii milk. (cdc.gov)
  • When they are born they are fed on milk excreted from the mammary glands and protected by their parents until they become independent. (wikibooks.org)
  • Mastitis results in the inflammation of the mammary glands, which leads to an increased number of somatic cells within the milk of animals affected by the disease. (kenyon.edu)
  • The House Agricultural Affairs Committee approved a proposal Thursday that would make it clear that anyone owning a cow, goat, or sheep, or sharing ownership of those animals could legally drink or consume its raw milk. (marlerblog.com)
  • Selling raw milk would still be illegal, but dairies could keep seven cows or 15 goats or sheep in an animal sharing agreement. (marlerblog.com)
  • Farms or dairies with more than three cows or seven goats or sheep would need to submit their raw milk to the Idaho State Department of Agriculture (ISDA) to test for bacteria and somatic cells, which can indicate infections in mammary glands. (marlerblog.com)
  • Animals may have a sudden onset of fever, markedly decreased milk production, loss of appetite and dehydration. (cornell.edu)
  • These bacteria can cause mild udder infections with a mild increase in somatic cell count and slight reduction in milk production. (cornell.edu)
  • The purpose of our current study is to assess the impact of FPMH on the bovine mammary system and milk production. (korea.ac.kr)
  • To effectively counsel and educate mothers, it is essential that clinicians be familiar with how the mammary gland produces human milk and how its properties nourish and protect the breastfeeding infant. (medscape.com)
  • This article reviews the development of the mammary gland (mammogenesis), the process through which the mammary gland develops the capacity to secrete milk (lactogenesis), the process of milk production (lactation), and the specific properties of human milk that make it unique and appropriate for human infants. (medscape.com)
  • Edema, fibrosis, masses to palpation of glands, and viscous to seropurulent milk are mainly clinical signs observed in affected animals. (unesp.br)
  • The diagnosis is based on clinical exam of mammary glands and microbiological culture of the milk. (unesp.br)
  • The mammary gland contained numerous small acini with small amounts of milk in the acini and ducts. (cdc.gov)
  • The potential of intra-articular injection of chondrogenic-induced bone marrow stem cells to retard the progression of osteoarthritis in a sheep model. (sciendo.com)
  • During all stages of tumor progression, cancer cells are subjected to inappropriate extracellular matrix environments and must undergo adaptive changes in order to evade growth constraints associated with the loss of matrix attachment. (elifesciences.org)
  • A workshop was convened by the AACR to discuss the rapidly emerging cancer stem cell model for tumor development and progression. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Similarly, fetal exposure to BPA induces neoplastic changes in mammary tissue of mice. (nih.gov)
  • We examined the effect of BPA and DES on EZH2 expression and function in MCF-7 cells and in mammary glands of mice exposed in utero. (nih.gov)
  • EZH2 protein was elevated in mammary tissue of mice exposed to DES or BPA. (nih.gov)
  • Similarly, mice exposed to BPA or DES in utero showed increased mammary histone H3 trimethylation. (nih.gov)
  • Beta-galactosidase of ROSA26 mice is a useful marker for detecting the definitive erythropoiesis after stem cell transplantation" (PDF). (wikipedia.org)
  • At present, this is only possible with mice, using so-called embryonic stem cells. (newscientist.com)
  • Laboratory mice are the most frequently used animals in biomedical research. (awionline.org)
  • Although mice have provided the primary model for study of mammary growth and development, a single model species cannot provide comprehensive knowledge. (frontiersin.org)
  • C. mastitidis is an irregular bacterium within the genus that works as an opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised animals as well as an important microbe on the ocular surface of mice [2] and humans [3]. (kenyon.edu)
  • On its own, vorinostat didn't work very well, but when combined with JQ1 it showed a very strong synergistic effect in both the laboratory mice with pancreatic cancer and in pancreatic cancer cells from people with the disease. (understandinganimalresearch.org.uk)
  • The disruption of male spatial cognition and the supporting brain systems would severely compromise the ability of the male deer mice to find mates in natural settings, and even if they did locate females, such animals would seem to be less likely to be chosen as mates than males that had not been exposed to BPA. (bottlesupglass.com)
  • Bovine fetal mesenchymal stem cells exert antiproliferative efect against mastitis causing pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. (sciendo.com)
  • Adipose stem cells in reparative goat mastitis mammary gland. (sciendo.com)
  • Mastitis, which occurs most commonly by pathogenic infection during the postpartum period, poses a serious problem for humans [ 3 ] and other animals [ 4 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • S. aureus is a common infectious pathogen that causes mastitis in both humans and animals [ 5 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • Until recently, there was no efficacious treatment for S. aureus -induced mastitis in either humans or animals. (oncotarget.com)
  • State Animal Health Diagnostic Laboratory to detect ly during parturition by birth products, particularly the pla- bovine viral diarrhea that persistently infected lactating centa of sheep. (cdc.gov)
  • The LREC in bovine mammary gland appeared to have a modest proliferation rate in which 5.4% of LREC co-expressed Ki-67 ( Capuco, 2007 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • To evaluate the toxicity of FPMH on the mammary glands of lactating cows, the bovine mammary gland epithelial cell line, MAC-T, was exposed to various concentrations (0, 5, 7.5, 10, 15, and 20 μM) of FPMH for 24 h, and then various assessments were performed. (korea.ac.kr)
  • In conclusion, our investigation suggests that FPMH may be toxic to the bovine mammary system and may decrease dairy production. (korea.ac.kr)
  • Infection by VMV and CAEV can lead to Visna/Maedi (VM) and Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis (CAE) respectively, slow progressive inflammatory diseases primarily affecting the lungs, nervous system, joints and mammary glands. (mdpi.com)
  • These layers provide inner linings to various cavities and hollow organs throughout the body-including the lungs and glandular organs such as mammary glands. (elifesciences.org)
  • There was neoplastic infiltrate in the bladder, adrenal glands, and lungs. (ufrgs.br)
  • Enriched expression of genes in LRECb was associated with stem cell attributes and identified WNT, TGF-β, and MAPK pathways of self renewal and proliferation. (frontiersin.org)
  • During rapid mammary growth in the mouse, label retaining epithelial cells (LREC) appear to retain label by asymmetric distribution of DNA strands, as evidenced by a rapid proliferation index of the LREC ( Smith, 2005 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • During periods of low mammary proliferation, quiescence of the stem cell population may account for retention of label. (frontiersin.org)
  • Osteogenic proliferation and differentiation of canine bone marrow and adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stromal cells and the influence of hypoxia. (sciendo.com)
  • A gain of function screen for genes that enable proliferation independently of matrix anchorage identified a cell adhesion molecule PVRL4 (poliovirus-receptor-like 4), also known as Nectin-4. (elifesciences.org)
  • Additionally, moderate proliferation of the fibrous connective tissue and the myoepithelial cells near the proliferating acini was evident. (scielo.br)
  • The trans-PCR assay detects C. burnetii in samples imme- infections have been reported in humans, farm animals, pet diately, unlike serologic assays that detect antibodies that animals, wild animals, and arthropods (2). (cdc.gov)
  • But if, as seems likely, the Roslin team has succeeded in making an entire animal from adult tissue, it might be possible to do the same for humans. (newscientist.com)
  • In many animals (including humans) the testes descend into the scrotal sacs at birth but in some animals they do not descend until sexual maturity and in others they only descend temporarily during the breeding season. (wikibooks.org)
  • Transmission to humans occurs primarily through inhalation of aerosols from contaminated soil or animal waste. (medscape.com)
  • Results of studies of cancer prevention in experimental animals concur with those in humans. (who.int)
  • Following oral exposure in animal studies, distribution of chloroform appears to be similar to following inhalation exposure, with the primary concentrations in lipophilic tissues (Brown et al. (cdc.gov)
  • Comparison of human mesenchymal stromal cells from four neonatal tissues: Amniotic membrane, chorionic membrane, placental decidua and umbilical cord. (sciendo.com)
  • The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
  • Both infect cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage and cause lifelong infections. (mdpi.com)
  • Following entrance of Enterobacter or Citrobacter into the mammary gland, most infections are of short duration, although a handful may become chronic, lasting more than 100 days. (cornell.edu)
  • Dry animal therapy will eliminate most C bovis infections. (cornell.edu)
  • The complications of cytology are hemorrhages, infections, injury of adjacent tissue and dissemination of malignant cells, all of which are considered rare events (Guedes et al . (vin.com)
  • and enterobacterias are major microorganisms involved in equine mammary infections. (unesp.br)
  • Progressive lesions of the mammary gland are common in dogs and cats, but are rarely observed in farm animals. (scielo.br)
  • The disease is commonly related to traumatic lesions in mammary glands and teats. (unesp.br)
  • Insights into the biology of stem cells will be gained by confirmation and characterization of candidate MaSC markers identified in this study. (frontiersin.org)
  • Faculty in our genetics and cell biology group investigate the genetic basis for animal growth, disease resistance, and nutrient efficiency, and the mechanisms underlying nutrient uptake, cellular differentiation, and lipid secretion. (umd.edu)
  • The primary thrust of the Genetics and Cell Biology Group is to illuminate the molecular and cellular basis of complex biological systems using a multi-organismal and multi-faceted approach. (umd.edu)
  • Cold Spring Harbor, NY -- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (CSHLP) announced the release of The Digital Cell: Cell Biology as a Data Science, available on its website in hardcover format. (cshlpress.com)
  • They produced idential lambs called Megan and Morag, which originated from different cells of the same embryo. (newscientist.com)
  • The latest experiments have also produced three lambs from the cells of a sheep fetus aborted after 26 days, and four from a nine-day-old embryo. (newscientist.com)
  • After growing and dividing for a week or so in a laboratory culture dish, the fused cell forms an early embryo called a blastocyst, which Wilmut's team implants into a surrogate mother. (newscientist.com)
  • The reproductive organs of mammals produce the gametes (sperm and egg cells), help them fertilize and then support the developing embryo. (wikibooks.org)
  • After many divisions in culture, this single cell forms a blastocyst (an early stage embryo with about 100 cells) with almost identical DNA to the original donor who provided the adult cell - a genetic clone. (eurostemcell.org)
  • Fertilization of mammalian eggs is followed by successive cell divisions and progressive differentiation, first into the early embryo and subsequently into all of the cell types that make up the adult animal. (todayinsci.com)
  • The first offspring to develop from a differentiated cell were born after nuclear transfer from an embryo-derived cell line that had been induced to became quiescent. (todayinsci.com)
  • Using the same procedure, we now report the birth of live lambs from three new cell populations established from adult mammary gland, fetus and embryo. (todayinsci.com)
  • She is not the result of mating between a ewe and a ram but was cloned from a single cell taken from the udder of a six-year-old ewe. (newscientist.com)
  • The difference with Dolly is that all her DNA originated in a cell from the udder of an adult sheep. (newscientist.com)
  • The researchers wanted to see whether "mature" cells that have differentiated to fulfil a specialised role (such as that of an udder cell or a fetal cell) could be returned to a primitive state from which they could grow into entire organisms. (newscientist.com)
  • Dolly's DNA came from a cell in the udder of a six-year-old Finn Dorset ewe. (newscientist.com)
  • Dolly was the only lamb born from 277 fusions of oocytes with udder cells. (newscientist.com)
  • In addition, Dolly's DNA may have come from a stem cell that had not yet matured into an udder cell. (newscientist.com)
  • In Cyclin A2-depleted normal murine mammary gland (NMuMG) cells expressing RasV12, we found that beta-catenin was liberated from the cell membrane and cell-cell junctions and underwent nuclear translocation and activation. (cnrs.fr)
  • Cryopreserved allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells enhance wound repair in full thickness skin wound model and cattle clinical teat injuries. (sciendo.com)
  • a 12-year-old, mixed breed, female spayed canine presented with mammary tumor with plaque formation, associated with skin ulceration which extended to the medial region of pelvic limbs. (ufrgs.br)
  • BACKGROUND: Canine mammary tumours (CMTs) are the most frequent tumours in intact female dogs and show strong similarities with human breast cancer. (bvsalud.org)
  • The birth of lambs from differentiated fetal and adult cells also reinforces previous speculation that by inducing donor cells to became quiescent it will be possible to obtain normal development from a wide variety of differentiated cells. (todayinsci.com)
  • S. aureus can infect mammary glands, resulting in serious long-term injury to mammary gland cells and ultimately damaging the structure and lactation function of the breast [ 6 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • 2017). MMP-2 and MMP-14 Silencing Inhibits VEGFR2 Cleavage and Induces the Differentiation of Porcine Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Endothelial Cells. (sciendo.com)
  • Particularly valuable animals could be cloned from adult cells without the uncertainties of crossing them with other animals or tinkering with embryos. (newscientist.com)
  • At 18-19 weeks' gestation, a bulb-shaped mammary bud can be discerned in the fetus. (medscape.com)
  • Based on the clinical, morphologic, and immunohistochemical findings, a diagnosis of mammary fibroadenomatoid hyperplasia with probable influence of ovarian steroids was made. (scielo.br)
  • A part from that, in 1917 Papanicolaou began researches on exfoliative cells cytology, and established in 1928 the diagnosis for human uterine cancer out of vaginal secretions (Magalhães et al . (vin.com)
  • There are no standard to use of indirect exams on diagnosis, including California Mastits Test and Somatic Cell Count. (unesp.br)
  • She is the first mammal ever created from the non-reproductive tissue of an adult animal. (newscientist.com)
  • Mammary glands are rich in these cells, which are more adaptable than other tissue. (newscientist.com)
  • Previous molecular characterizations of mammary stem cells (MaSC) have utilized fluorescence-activated cell sorting or in vitro cultivation of cells from enzymatically dissociated tissue to enrich for MaSC. (frontiersin.org)
  • Equine mesenchymal stem cells from bonemarrow, adipose tissue and umbilical cord:immunophenotypic characterization anddifferentiation potential. (sciendo.com)
  • Adipose Tissue- and Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Sheep: Culture Characteristics. (sciendo.com)
  • Epithelial tissue is one of the four major types of tissue found in animals, and is the only type of tissue that is able to form and maintain layers of cells that are just one cell thick. (elifesciences.org)
  • If the cancer stem cell model is correct and if such cells retain the hallmarks of some tissue stem cells in being rare and entering the cell cycle infrequently, they could constitute a population that is intrinsically resistant to current therapies designed to kill cycling cells. (aacrjournals.org)
  • lymphoid tissue, and digestive tract), which the animal model captures the It can be difficult to parse out concordance has often been ob- range of potential human response reasons for lack of tumour site con- served among different species after to the particular agent tested. (who.int)
  • Faculty in our nutrient utilization and metabolism group study the uptake, transport and fate of nutrients in animals, the nutritional requirements of animals, and procedures for minimizing nutrient loss to the environment. (umd.edu)
  • The Nutrient Utilization and Metabolism faculty possess expertise in both basic and applied research approaches to systemically address important nutritional issues facing animal agriculture at the local, state and national levels. (umd.edu)
  • Animal toxicity studies of inhaled chloroform have provided evidence for absorption, but quantitative estimates have not been reported (see ATSDR 1997). (cdc.gov)
  • These conclusions are based on evidence from human studies of breast and prostate cancer, studies of laboratory animals, and research into the mechanisms of how cancer develops. (cdc.gov)
  • Recent studies show that some pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and plastic additives appear to change when and how the mammary gland develops. (bottlesupglass.com)
  • Developmental programming of EZH2 is a novel mechanism by which in utero exposure to endocrine disruptors leads to epigenetic regulation of the mammary gland. (nih.gov)
  • In female mammals, growth and development of mammary glands occur primarily postnatally, with mammary function in the mature animal being tightly coupled to reproductive strategy. (frontiersin.org)
  • Spread of C bovis occurs primarily from animal to animal at milking. (cornell.edu)
  • Stem cell markers are genes and their protein products used by scientists to isolate and identify stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Stem Cell Information. (wikipedia.org)
  • whereas LREC in suprabasal epithelial layers are enriched for more committed progenitor cells, expressing some genes that are associated with stem cell attributes along with those indicative of cell differentiation. (frontiersin.org)
  • Retention of labeled DNA strands may be attributed to the ability of stem cells to retain the parental DNA strand during asymmetric cell division ( Cairns, 1975 ) or to quiescence of the stem cell population such that the DNA label is not diluted by frequent cell divisions ( Klein and Simons, 2011 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • What is cloning, and what does it have to do with stem cell research? (eurostemcell.org)
  • This form of cloning is unrelated to stem cell research. (eurostemcell.org)
  • To date, no human embryonic stem cell lines have been derived using therapeutic cloning, so both these possibilities remain very much in the future. (eurostemcell.org)
  • Stem Cell Res. (sciendo.com)
  • These cancer stem cells have the capacity to both divide and expand the cancer stem cell pool and to differentiate into the heterogeneous nontumorigenic cancer cell types that in most cases appear to constitute the bulk of the cancer cells within the tumor. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Next, the researchers take cells containing donor genetic material. (newscientist.com)
  • Cloning, or somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), is the technique used to produce Dolly the sheep, the first animal to be produced as a genetic copy of another adult. (eurostemcell.org)
  • These stem cells are genetically matched to the donor organism, holding promise for studying genetic disease. (eurostemcell.org)
  • The fact that a lamb was derived from an adult cell confirms that differentiation of that cell did not involve the irreversible modification of genetic material required far development to term. (todayinsci.com)
  • Competing causes of mortali- or all of the animal species tested genetic variation, health status, life ty may prevent the development of experimentally. (who.int)
  • This manuscript described the anatomopathological and immunohistochemical findings in a rare case of mammary fibroadenomatoid hyperplasia in a 12-month-old Holstein heifer. (scielo.br)
  • HONG, C.B. Mammary nodular hyperplasia in a cow. (scielo.br)
  • Mammary diffuse fibroadenomatoid hyperplasia in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis): three cases. (scielo.br)
  • Haematological and clinical chemical measurements were performed on blood samples from all surviving animals before the terminal sacrifice, and the concentration of imazalil was determined by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (Sterkins, 1996). (inchem.org)
  • Immunoselected STRO-3+ mesenchymal precursor cells reduce inflammation and improve clinical outcomes in a large animal model of monoarthritis. (sciendo.com)
  • The animal also displayed neurologic clinical signs characterized by stupor, opisthotonos and apathy. (ufrgs.br)
  • Below is a list of genes/protein products that can be used to identify various types of stem cells, or functional assays that do the same. (wikipedia.org)
  • More importantly, biotechnologists will for the first time be able to manipulate the genes of cells from farm animals directly before growing them into embryos. (newscientist.com)
  • But scientists have not managed to isolate such cells from farm animals, and must rely instead on injecting genes randomly into early embryos. (newscientist.com)
  • These cycles are set by circadian clock genes that are found in nearly every cell in our bodies. (cdc.gov)
  • explored which genes enable epithelial cells from the human mammary gland to grow without being attached to the extracellular matrix. (elifesciences.org)
  • Here, we dissected the pathways that are responsible for EMT in cells deficient for Cyclin A2. (cnrs.fr)
  • These studies have served to highlight the role of AND-34/BCAR3 and p130Cas in cell adhesion and migration signaling pathways. (molvis.org)
  • The male reproductive system consists of a pair of testes that produce sperm (or spermatozoa ), ducts that transport the sperm to the penis and glands that add secretions to the sperm to make semen (see diagram 13.2). (wikibooks.org)
  • This is the reason why the testes are located in a bag of skin called the scrotal sacs (or scrotum ) that hangs below the body and where the evaporation of secretions from special glands can further reduce the temperature. (wikibooks.org)
  • And Jonathan Slack, an embryologist at the University of Bath, says that it is dangerous to base big ideas on a single case of a lamb raised from an adult ewe cell. (newscientist.com)
  • In this procedure, the nucleus of an egg cell is removed and replaced by the nucleus of a cell from another adult. (eurostemcell.org)
  • In Dolly's case, the cell came from the mammary gland of an adult ewe. (eurostemcell.org)
  • After being inserted into the egg, the adult cell nucleus is reprogrammed by the host cell. (eurostemcell.org)
  • For example, stem cells could be generated using the nuclear transfer process described above, with the donor adult cell coming from a patient with diabetes or Alzheimer's. (eurostemcell.org)
  • English embryologist who in 1996 supervised the team of scientists that produced a lamb named Dolly, the first mammal cloned from a cell from an adult. (todayinsci.com)
  • Viable Offspring Derived from Petal and Adult Mammalian Cells', Nature (1997), 385 , 810. (todayinsci.com)
  • These results demonstrate the loss of AND-34 dysregulates focal adhesion complex signaling in lens epithelial cells and suggest that AND-34-mediated signaling is required for maintenance of the structural integrity of the adult ocular lens. (molvis.org)
  • An adult female harbor porpoise died on the coast of Belgium in 2008, and a necropsy was immediately performed by the Marine Animals Research and Intervention Network (Belgium). (cdc.gov)
  • This is the 5th volume of selected discussions that took place on the electronic Laboratory Animal Refinement & Enrichment Forum between February 2016 and December 2019. (awionline.org)
  • About 50% of the proliferating epithelial cells showed positive nuclear labeling for estrogen and progesterone receptors, and approximately one-third were positive for Ki-67. (scielo.br)
  • PFOA, a common chemical used to make Teflon, appears to delay puberty in animal pups and reduce the size of the mammary gland, while chemicals that mimic estrogen may accelerate puberty. (bottlesupglass.com)
  • They found that the gene that codes for a protein called poliovirus receptor-like 4 (PVRL4) allows attachment-free cell growth and also makes cells cluster together once detached from the matrix. (elifesciences.org)
  • Even low doses, close to what average Americans are exposed to currently, have been linked to altered development, cell growth, and gene expression in animal mammary glands. (bottlesupglass.com)
  • OPG binds RANKL as a decoy receptor, inhibiting the activation of RANK by RANKL and preventing the differentiation of bone marrow precursor (monocyte/macrophage) cells to osteoclasts - cells that are central in the process of bone resorption [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Laboratory Animals 55(2), 142-149. (awionline.org)
  • It's Okay to Cry - Discussions by the Laboratory Animal Refinement & Enrichment Forum [LAREF], Volume V. Animal Welfare Institute, Washington, DC. (awionline.org)
  • Laboratory animals whose days and nights were disrupted in scientific experiments had reduced levels of melatonin and increased rates of cancer or tumor growth. (cdc.gov)
  • The stem cells could be studied in the laboratory to help researchers understand what goes wrong in diseases like these. (eurostemcell.org)
  • Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (CSHLP) announced the release of T-Cell Memory, available on its website in hardcover and eBook formats. (cshlpress.com)
  • Laboratory animal studies are still insufficient to evaluate human impact. (cdc.gov)
  • New Therapeutic Procedure To Eliminate Cancer Cells Infiltrated In Brain. (usherbrooke.ca)
  • Both agencies reviewed existing studies of night shift work and cancer and both convened experts in the fields of human, animal, and basic science research. (cdc.gov)
  • For example, in addition to promoting sleep, melatonin can also stop tumor growth and protect against the spread of cancer cells. (cdc.gov)
  • Animal studies have shown that exposure to light at night led to the growth of breast or mammary-gland cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • We demonstrate that the transformation of breast cancer cells is dependent on PVRL4. (elifesciences.org)
  • Researchers at the University of Michigan have created an implantable cancer detector which attracts cancer cells to it by mimicking a patient's immune natural response to the disease. (understandinganimalresearch.org.uk)
  • Cancer cells are placed into the mammary gland of the mouse, and a scaffold is also placed either into the abdominal cavity or subcutaneous space. (understandinganimalresearch.org.uk)
  • We would retrieve the scaffold at later times and look for the presence of cancer cells. (understandinganimalresearch.org.uk)
  • The participants critically discussed the need for a precise definition of cancer stem cells, the requirement for new markers and more rapid and tractable in vitro and in vivo assays, and the need to develop drug screening strategies to selectively target cancer stem cells to generate therapeutics for this subpopulation of cells that could be resistant to classic treatments while possessing potent tumor-forming capacity. (aacrjournals.org)
  • In order to minimize and cancel out its adverse findings, Samsel explained that Monsanto had relied upon earlier historical animal control data, toxicological research with lab animals afflicted with cancer and organ failures, and completely unrelated to glyphosate. (fromthetrenchesworldreport.com)
  • All pertinent available studies were evaluated, including intervention trials, cohort and case-control studies, studies in experimental animals, and in vitro studies on the mechanisms linking excess body fatness and cancer. (who.int)
  • In addition, the absence of excess body fatness may reduce the risk of fatal cancer of the prostate, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and cancer of the breast in men. (who.int)
  • A Systematic Review of Mesenchymal Epithelial Transition Factor (MET) and Its Impact in the Development and Treatment of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. (lu.se)
  • However, the adverse impacts of FPMH on mammals, including domestic animals, have not been reported. (korea.ac.kr)
  • The normal anatomy of the mammary gland following pubertal development is shown in the images below. (medscape.com)
  • An uncontrolled reproduction of animals in human hands should be avoided. (awionline.org)
  • Fortunately, scientists have been able to grow kidneys in the lab using human stem cells and when transplanted into pigs and rats, they have worked, passing urine, like natural ones. (understandinganimalresearch.org.uk)