• The group is using a range of lab techniques to identify and study the genes and molecules in parasites and in human cells, so that it can build a detailed picture of how they interact together during infection. (gulbenkian.pt)
  • op den Brouw, ML 2010, ' Dendritic cells in Hepatitis B virus infection: Host-pathogen interaction and immune modulation ', Erasmus University Rotterdam. (eur.nl)
  • Bacterial and viral pathogens are masters of exploiting weak points to establish infection and cause devastating diseases. (whiterose.ac.uk)
  • This review considers the emerging importance of senescence in the host-pathogen interaction: we discuss the pathogen exploitation of ageing cells and senescence as a novel hijack target of bacterial pathogens that deploys senescence-inducing toxins to promote infection. (whiterose.ac.uk)
  • The persistent induction of senescence by pathogens, mediated directly through virulence determinants or indirectly through inflammation and chronic infection, also contributes to age-related pathologies such as cancer. (whiterose.ac.uk)
  • This review highlights the dichotomous role of senescence in infection: an innate defence that is exploited by pathogens to cause disease. (whiterose.ac.uk)
  • We analyzed the response of human glioma cells to West Nile virus infection by investigating host transcriptional changes. (cdc.gov)
  • We conducted a global transcriptional analysis of human glioblastoma cell response to infection with WNV during peak virus production to determine the crucial virus-host interactions that take place during a severe neuroinvasive attack and identify putative mechanisms involved in WNV pathogenesis. (cdc.gov)
  • Confluent monolayers of A172 cells were infected with the Sarafend strain of WNV at a multiplicity of infection of 1. (cdc.gov)
  • Twenty-four hours after infection, cells showed signs of cytopathic effects (cell-rounding) and produced high virus titer (10 8 plaque-forming units/mL). (cdc.gov)
  • This demonstrated the highly susceptible nature of the neuroglial cells to WNV infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Using murine models of airway infection, we have identified modifiable risk factors that may promote pathogen invasion in immunocompromised patients. (amc.edu)
  • Her research programme looks at epiphytic colonisation of leaf surfaces during early infection of wheat by the fungal pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici , using a mix of microscopy, genomics, and metabolomics. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The main advantage of the larval zebrafish model is that we can visualize immune cell pathogen interactions and infection progression inside a live host animal throughout a multi-day infection. (jove.com)
  • In an adaptive immunity OPC rechallenge model using a derivate of the pathogenic C. albicans strain SC5314, CD4 + Th17 cells protect from mucosal Candida infection but can be compensated by other IL-17-producing cells in CD4-deficient hosts ( 15 , 16 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • It is extremely valuable to provide a dynamic picture of such interactions during the infection process," the authors write. (purdue.edu)
  • It is conceivable that the general strategy of HAPTIP can be applicable to many bacteria or virus, thus contributing to the discovery and understanding of host-pathogen interactions in multiple infection systems. (purdue.edu)
  • This novel chemical proteomics approach provides a temporal interaction profile of host and pathogen in high throughput and would facilitate better understanding of the infection process at the molecular level. (purdue.edu)
  • Giardia's Epithelial Cell Interaction In Vitro: Mimicking Asymptomatic Infection? (fu-berlin.de)
  • Professor Gordon Dougan's research focuses on the genetic analysis of host/pathogen interactions during infection, particularly those involving enteric bacteria. (sanger.ac.uk)
  • He established the Centre for Molecular Microbiology and Infection (including a raising funding for a building) at Imperial College London and was the Board of Management representative for Pathogen Research for ten years (2004-2014) at the Sanger Institute where he is currently a Senior Group Leader. (sanger.ac.uk)
  • His research at the Institute focused on the use of genomics to study host/pathogen interactions during infection. (sanger.ac.uk)
  • He also directed other projects investigating the genetics of host susceptibility to infection through mouse and zebrafish infection screens. (sanger.ac.uk)
  • March 2023 - Read Pukkila-Worley, MD, and MD/PhD students Nicholas D. Peterson and Samantha Y. Tse describes a new manner of detecting microbial infection that intercepts pathogen-derived signals of growth to assess the relative threat of virulent bacteria in Immunity . (umassmed.edu)
  • Progress with HDT development has been slowed down by the limited understanding of host-pathogen interactions during Mtb infection. (europa.eu)
  • This novel approach will dissect crucial mechanisms of host-pathogen interaction during Mtb infection and will point to new targets for HDTs of TB. (europa.eu)
  • Figure 4.3 illustrates the concept of how infection and illness are assumed to occur as a result of the ingestion of a pathogen. (fao.org)
  • There are multiple barriers within the human body that the ingested pathogen needs to successfully pass in order to arrive at an appropriate site in the body at which the infection and subsequent illness can be initiated. (fao.org)
  • As veterans of infection, Leishmania guyanensis parasites have been plaguing humankind for centuries, provoking a deleterious hyper-inflammatory immune response, destroying host tissue and forming the ulcerating lesions, which typify most forms of the disease. (unil.ch)
  • Similarly, this kind of close-up on bacterial interactions is essential for infection biology, to help researchers map what molecular mechanisms help pathogens find, invade host cells, and then survive and proliferate within them. (embl-em.de)
  • The lab uses an integrated approach combining multi-dimensional fluorescent microscopy, cell biology and correlative light and electron microscopy to study the earliest events of Candida albicans infection at the single cell level. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • Using the genetically defined flax-flax rust system, he isolated the first rust avirulence protein and showed it is secreted into the host plant cell during infection. (science.org.au)
  • Chapter 2 also discusses how NK cells are activated in response to intracellular infections, and how a local inflammatory response and induced cytokines and chemokines can bring more effector cells and molecules to the site of an infection while preventing pathogen spread into the blood. (nih.gov)
  • Only when a microorganism has successfully established a site of infection in the host does disease occur, and little damage will be caused unless the agent is able to spread from the original site of infection or can secrete toxins that can spread to other parts of the body. (nih.gov)
  • Extracellular pathogens spread by direct extension of the focus of infection through the lymphatics or the bloodstream. (nih.gov)
  • Cell adhesion is the first step in C. albicans infection of epithelia. (ncl.edu.tw)
  • The type of infection depends on the serotype of Salmonella and host factors. (medscape.com)
  • Salmonella has a widespread distribution in the environment and certain host factors make humans particularly susceptible to infection. (medscape.com)
  • This inflammatory host response can actually benefit the intestinal pathogens and contribute to the nature and severity of the infection by establishing a competitive advantage against the native flora. (medscape.com)
  • Macrophages and intestinal epithelial cells then attract T cells and neutrophils with interleukin 8 (IL-8), causing inflammation and suppressing the infection. (medscape.com)
  • The host response to this infection is an important factor in determining the extent and severity of the disease. (medscape.com)
  • Oonagh Shannon is Associate Professor in Experimental Infection Medicine and she has a long-standing research interest in understanding the host response to bacteria that breach the bloodstream. (lu.se)
  • Anders Håkansson is Professor in Experimental Infection Medicine at the Department of Translational Medicine and his group is focused on better understanding how bacteria interact with the host during severe infections such as pneumonia and sepsis. (lu.se)
  • Gordon's Faculty research investigated host/pathogen interactions associated with enteric bacterial pathogens, principally S. enterica serovar Typhi. (sanger.ac.uk)
  • [ 3 ] Campylobacter and Salmonella are the most common bacterial pathogens found in stool cultures recovered from patients presenting with gastroenteritis or severe diarrhea. (medscape.com)
  • Years of studies have unraveled myriad macrophage pathways that combat pathogens and demonstrated how pathogen effectors subvert these mechanisms. (amc.edu)
  • These results show that FAST-iCLIP can be used to rapidly discover and decipher mechanisms of RNA-protein recognition across the diversity of human and pathogen RNAs. (nih.gov)
  • Host-directed therapies (HDTs) can improve immune mechanisms by augmenting the ability of host cells to kill M. tuberculosis (Mtb) or by modulating the immune response to prevent excessive inflammation, cell death and tissue damage. (europa.eu)
  • Faculty in our genetics and cell biology group investigate the genetic basis for animal growth, disease resistance, and nutrient efficiency, and the mechanisms underlying nutrient uptake, cellular differentiation, and lipid secretion. (umd.edu)
  • As part of its new microbial ecosystems transversal theme , EMBL is interested in pioneering ways to tap into the world's vast microbial diversity and understand the underlying molecular mechanisms behind how microbes interact with their host, other microbes and their environment. (embl-em.de)
  • Despite decades of study, the mechanisms of pathogen adhesion remain elusive. (embl-em.de)
  • We are seeking a postdoctoral researcher to investigate the fundamental mechanisms and pathogen-host interactions of invasion by the fungal pathogen Candida albicans into human epithelial layers. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • Considering that alveolar macrophages play a central role in host defense in the exposed lung, understanding their interaction with the pathogen could provide initial insights into the underlying immunopathogenesis events and mechanisms. (cdc.gov)
  • All these mechanisms are mediated by innate immune cells. (lu.se)
  • When combined with the right virological experiments, human genomic studies have the potential to show us the precise mechanisms involved in such interactions. (cdc.gov)
  • During sepsis, these host defence systems become pathologically augmented and deregulated and we develop experimental models to delineate cellular and molecular mechanisms involved. (lu.se)
  • His research aims to elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying bacterial interactions with human cells and to use that information to identify targets for treatment and diagnostics of bacterial infections. (lu.se)
  • In response to the rising threat of fungal infections, combined with existing and emerging resistance and treatability issues, we prioritize research of emergent fungal pathogens, considering their unmet research and development needs and perceived public health importance. (amc.edu)
  • However, some of these opportunistic fungal pathogens are ubiquitous members of the normal human mycobiome. (frontiersin.org)
  • Fungal pathogens present an increasingly growing threat to human health, with Candida species being the most common fungal pathogens. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • To prevent clearance by the host immune system, they remodel their host cells by secreting proteins that co-opt, or interfere with host cell functions. (gulbenkian.pt)
  • In the lab we use a combination of unbiased genetic screens and reverse genetics to uncover the function of the secreted proteins in host-pathogen interaction. (gulbenkian.pt)
  • NLR receptors belong to a family of proteins that enable plants to sense the presence of pathogen effector molecules and mount an immune response to resist disease. (phys.org)
  • Juan Carlos De la Concepcion et al, A blast fungus zinc-finger fold effector binds to a hydrophobic pocket in host Exo70 proteins to modulate immune recognition in rice, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2022). (phys.org)
  • The FACS and INTACT methods require plant transgenic lines respectively expressing fluorescent proteins or the biotinylated nuclear envelope protein in the cell type of interest. (nature.com)
  • When bacteria like salmonella infect and sicken people, they hijack a person's cell proteins to develop a defense against an immune response. (purdue.edu)
  • The HAPTIP method involves labeling the salmonella bacteria with a diazirine group, a chemical group that creates covalent bonds between Salmonella proteins and host cell proteins when an ultraviolet light is shined on the cell. (purdue.edu)
  • A chemical probe enriches all the crosslinked proteins and isolates them from the other cell extracts. (purdue.edu)
  • In their findings, the scientists tested the method at 15 minutes, one hour and six hours after salmonella infected a cell and identified more than 400 proteins interacting with the salmonella bacteria. (purdue.edu)
  • By looking at which proteins are interacting with the bacteria at those different times, we can determine the method the bacteria are using to hijack the cell, which will differ as time passes. (purdue.edu)
  • A novel multifunctional chemical proteomics probe was introduced to label living bacteria followed by in vivo crosslinking of bacteria proteins to their interacting host cell proteins at different time points initiated by UV for label-free quantitative proteomics analysis. (purdue.edu)
  • The goal of systems cell biology is to understand how proteins, genes and molecules come together and interact as a system to form a functioning and living organism. (seattlechildrens.org)
  • Fibrillar adhesins are proteins located on the bacterial cell surface, which mediate interactions with the environment, e.g. with host cells or other bacteria. (embl-em.de)
  • These proteins usually have a stalk, which helps them cross the bacterial cell surface and be projected closer to their targets - regardless of what they are trying to bind to. (embl-em.de)
  • This work provided the first evidence for a postulate, based on the long standing gene-for-gene hypothesis that direct and specific protein interactions occurred between flax resistance and flax rust avirulence proteins. (science.org.au)
  • We speculated that the defect of protein synthesis attenuated expression of other exoglucanases or glucan synthesis-related proteins, and then induced release of Xog1p to the cell wall. (ncl.edu.tw)
  • Our project offers a unique opportunity for Master's student to gain hands-on experience focused on transcriptional regulators with importance in expression of genes of outer membrane proteins that are essential in host-pathogen interaction. (lu.se)
  • It achieves this by training immune cells to identify other cells that have been infected, and by producing and refining antibodies - proteins that bind and block the virus, so it doesn't infect more cells. (cdc.gov)
  • The Cell Biology of Host - Pathogen Interaction Lab wants to find out how these parasites manage to infect human cells, how they evade the immune system, how they move through the body, and how they emerge to infect other people. (gulbenkian.pt)
  • Under the guidance of Matthew D. Scharff, he completed a postdoctoral fellowship in cell biology at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine from 1989 to 1991. (wikipedia.org)
  • BMC Biology together with BMC Plant Biology and BMC Microbiology announce the launch of the collection 'Plants and their Pathogens', for which we invite submissions of manuscripts relevant to the research topic. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The Aitchison Lab's research involves using systems cell biology to investigate host-pathogen interactions. (seattlechildrens.org)
  • Since Haberlandt's original assertions, methods for tissue and cell culture have been realized, leading to significant discoveries in biology and medicine. (wikipedia.org)
  • This project will apply advanced cell biology and imaging techniques to investigate how macrophages, which lacks a canonical receptor for viral entry, become infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and elicit inflammatory responses. (edu.au)
  • Her research is focused on understanding how host factors from the human erythrocyte influence the biology and pathogenesis of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. (stanford.edu)
  • Our scientists pursue every aspect of cancer research-from exploring the biology of genes and cells, to developing immune-based treatments, uncovering the causes of metastasis, and more. (mskcc.org)
  • The primary thrust of the Genetics and Cell Biology Group is to illuminate the molecular and cellular basis of complex biological systems using a multi-organismal and multi-faceted approach. (umd.edu)
  • As part of its i nfection biology transversal theme , EMBL aims to use cutting-edge technologies to systematically map and model host-pathogen interfaces at the atomic, molecular, and tissue levels. (embl-em.de)
  • The project involves the use of live and functional fluorescent microscopy performed at the single cell level, as well as molecular and cell biology. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • Candidates should hold a PhD and have expertise in cell biology or the study of pathogen-host interactions. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • There will be involved gene engineering and molecular biology methods such as PCR, SDS-PAGE, qPCR, western blot, DNA-protein interaction assays, flow cytometry etc. (lu.se)
  • FAST-iCLIP of PCBP2 in hepatitis C virus-infected cells enabled a joint analysis of the PCBP2 interactome with host and viral RNAs and their interplay. (nih.gov)
  • Viral culture is also related, with cells as hosts for the viruses. (wikipedia.org)
  • SARS-CoV-2-induced dead cell fragments drive viral uptake and inflammation. (edu.au)
  • Its insights into a novel pathway of viral entry is expected to advance our understanding of host-pathogen interaction. (edu.au)
  • The project is intended to uncover the role of SARS-CoV-2-induced dead cell fragmentation in promoting viral uptake and inflammation. (edu.au)
  • CDC's Viral Special Pathogens Branch focuses on viruses causing hemorrhagic fevers and requiring the highest levels of biological containment. (cdc.gov)
  • Our investigators study all aspects of infectious disease ranging from the fundamental science of microbial pathogens to the clinical outcomes of the infections they cause. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Typically, human feeding trial data has been used to describe this relationship for several microbial pathogens. (fao.org)
  • Aspergillus fumigatus is an opportunistic pathogen of humans. (jove.com)
  • Candida albicans is the most important opportunistic fungal pathogen of humans. (ncl.edu.tw)
  • Macrophages are a key cell type in innate immunity. (amc.edu)
  • Here, we will for the first time use the groundbreaking CRISPR technology to screen the human genome in macrophages infected with Mtb and discover genes that are critically involved in host-pathogen interactions. (europa.eu)
  • Interaction with the epithelium and resident cells promote a proinflammatory response to include cytokines, chemokines, neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, and T and B cells. (medscape.com)
  • This is the first report on M. immunogenum interactions with alveolar macrophages and on the identification of JNK- and p38- mediated signaling and its role in mediating the proinflammatory responses during these interactions. (cdc.gov)
  • All pathogenic Salmonella species, when present in the gut are engulfed by phagocytic cells, which then pass them through the mucosa and present them to the macrophages in the lamina propria. (medscape.com)
  • With toll-like receptor (TLR)-5 and TLR-4/MD2/CD-14 complex, macrophages recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) such as flagella and lipopolysaccharides. (medscape.com)
  • The bacteria then induce their host macrophages to attract more macrophages. (medscape.com)
  • Toxoplasma and Plasmodium falciparum are two distantly related eukaryotic, single cell parasites of humans and animals that live and replicate in cells of their eukaryotic host. (gulbenkian.pt)
  • Unlike humans mice do not host C. albicans in their mycobiome. (frontiersin.org)
  • Listeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive, facultative intracellular pathogen that is widespread in the environment and capable of causing severe infections in humans and animals. (asm.org)
  • Global analysis of Mtb transposon mutant fitness (TnSeq) across the CC panel revealed that many virulence pathways are only required in specific host microenvironments, identifying a large fraction of the pathogen's genome that has been maintained to ensure fitness in a diverse population. (elifesciences.org)
  • Some pathogens, such as anthrax, are spread by spores that are highly resistant to heat and drying, while others, such as the human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV ), are spread only by the exchange of bodily fluids or tissues because they are unable to survive as infectious agents outside the body. (nih.gov)
  • Front Cell Infect Microbiol 7:421. (fu-berlin.de)
  • The probability that the organism is able to survive and infect the host once it is ingested. (fao.org)
  • The ways in which bacteria infect cells are important for understanding host-pathogen interactions. (embl-em.de)
  • I'm particularly interested in the nitty gritty of how bacteria infect cells. (embl-em.de)
  • Bacteria that do not reinfect the host are typically shed in the stool and are then available to infect other hosts. (medscape.com)
  • However, damage accumulated during ageing increases the number of senescent cells and this contributes to the chronic inflammation and deregulation of the immune function, which increases susceptibility to infectious disease in ageing organisms. (whiterose.ac.uk)
  • [ 9 ] Animal studies reveal that prolonged antibiotic use may disrupt this host susceptibility as well. (medscape.com)
  • Thus, the aim of this research was to determine whether yeast present in CVC colonizations previously exposed to cell- wall targeted antibacterials benefit from a reduction in susceptibility to fluconazole and voriconazole, facilitating their ability to form biofilms. (bvsalud.org)
  • Most laboratory studies of WNV infections have been carried out in animal cell lines or human cell lines of non-CNS origins. (cdc.gov)
  • In this study, human glioblastoma (A172) cells were found to be a useful laboratory model for investigating WNV infections. (cdc.gov)
  • His more recent research focuses on the host-pathogen interaction and the impact of co-infections. (unil.ch)
  • against intestinal infections, Bacteroides -derived metabolites can also be utilized by pathogens," Westermann explains. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • Our group is interested in the research of clinically relevant bacterial species that mainly cause upper and lower airway infections and their interactions with the host. (lu.se)
  • A particular focus is development of new proteomics techniques to investigate protein interactions between host and pathogen and to investigate systemic proteome changes during sepsis. (lu.se)
  • How do obligate intracellular parasites remodel your host cells to survive in a host? (gulbenkian.pt)
  • Discovering how pathogens target plant hosts to promote virulence is essential if we are to understand how diseases develop, in addition to engineering immunity. (phys.org)
  • We leveraged the genetically diverse Collaborative Cross (CC) mouse panel in conjunction with a library of Mtb mutants to create a resource for associating bacterial genetic requirements with host genetics and immunity. (elifesciences.org)
  • The 2023 Innate Immunity Day: Cell Death will be held on May 10, 2023. (umassmed.edu)
  • Dodds showed that this pathogen protein triggers immunity by direct protein-protein interaction with a host resistance protein. (science.org.au)
  • Innate immunity consists of cells and molecules that offer a level of protection against a variety of viruses by recognizing structures these viruses have in common. (cdc.gov)
  • Hearing firsthand accounts of their battles with rampant pathogens and dysregulated immune functions opened my eyes to the world of immunology. (drexel.edu)
  • The CD8 antigen, acting as a coreceptor, and the T-cell receptor on the T lymphocyte recognize antigen displayed by an antigen presenting cell (APC) in the context of class I MHC molecules. (wikidoc.org)
  • Sam's research interest is centered on molecular genetics and plant pathology, focusing on understanding the interaction between cereal crops and its pathogens. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 2022 ) Gene Expression Regulation in Airway Pathogens: Importance for Otitis Media. (lu.se)
  • 2022 ) Protein domain-dependent vesiculation of Lipoprotein A, a protein that is important in cell wall synthesis and fitness of the human respiratory pathogen Haemophilus influenzae . (lu.se)
  • They are ideal for the study of complex physiological interactions, cell signaling, and host pathogen defense. (jove.com)
  • Enteroids are three dimensional organoids derived from intestinal epithelial cells. (jove.com)
  • Once the bacteria survive the acidic stomach, they colonize the intestine and translocate across the intestinal epithelium via 3 routes: (1) invasion of the enterocytes, (2) invasion of epithelial cells called M cells, and (3) through dendritic cells that intercalate epithelial cells. (medscape.com)
  • Evaluation of Stable LifeAct-mRuby2- and LAMP1-NeonGreen Expressing A549 Cell Lines for Investigation of Aspergillus fumigatus Interaction with Pulmonary Cells. (fhg-tirol.ac.at)
  • Therefore, murine airway CD8 + T cell-responses to aspiration of Aspergillus conidia may be mediated in part by the ability of conidia to germinate in the host lung tissue. (cdc.gov)
  • Specific molecular conditions are present at every morphological level (whole organism, organ, tissue, cell), rendering spatially resolved, high-resolution and high-throughput analyses of tissues crucial. (nature.com)
  • The interaction between A‐type interflavan bonds from cranberry proanthocyanidins (PAC) and surface virulence factors of extra‐intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) was studied. (researchgate.net)
  • Cranberry proanthocyanidins (PAC) contain unusual double A-type linkages, which are associated with strong interactions with surface virulence factors found on UTI-causing bacteria such as extra-intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. (researchgate.net)
  • The characteristics of the organism itself, e.g. mechanism of pathogenesis, virulence factors, and resistance to host factors such as gastric acidity and immune response. (fao.org)
  • A172 (human glioblastoma) cells were maintained at 37°C in Dulbecco modified Eagle medium (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum. (cdc.gov)
  • The human host evolved finely tuned innate and adaptive immune responses enabling to control fungal commensal organism ( 5 , 11 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Although the notion that malaria has helped shape the human genome is well- accepted, the lack of a nucleus in human erythrocytes has hindered our ability to study genetic interactions between these unusual host cells and P. falciparum parasites. (stanford.edu)
  • Our protocol describes how to culture human enteroids after isolating intestinal stem cells from patients undergoing bowel resection. (jove.com)
  • The main advantage of this technique is that enteroids are able to recapitulate the multiple cells types of human intestinal epithelium and are able to overcome the recognized limitations of animal models and cell based systems. (jove.com)
  • S typhi has been a major human pathogen for thousands of years, thriving in conditions of poor sanitation, crowding, and social chaos. (medscape.com)
  • The CD8 antigen is a cell surface glycoprotein found on most cytotoxic T lymphocytes that mediates efficient cell-cell interactions within the immune system. (wikidoc.org)
  • Lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system can eradicate tumor cells. (lu.se)
  • For this they need to be activated by cells of the innate immune system. (lu.se)
  • The course covers the structure and function of the immune system, as well as immunological processes at different levels (organism, organ, cell and molecular levels). (lu.se)
  • Growing viruses in cell cultures allowed preparation of purified viruses for the manufacture of vaccines . (wikipedia.org)
  • The coronaviruses are a family of viruses that includes a series of very different pathogens. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • Among the viruses that we study, Ebola remains a key focus because it continues to spill over from animal hosts to people, regularly sparking outbreaks where the virus spreads between people, killing many of those infected. (cdc.gov)
  • Viruses and people interact in many ways and sometimes those interactions cause us harm. (cdc.gov)
  • Both immunological and bacterial traits can be associated with genetic variants distributed across the mouse genome, making the CC a unique population for identifying specific host-pathogen genetic interactions that influence pathogenesis. (elifesciences.org)
  • These results provide further evidence of induction of immune responses to fungi based on their ability to invade host tissue. (cdc.gov)
  • The outcome of an encounter with Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ) depends on the pathogen's ability to adapt to the variable immune pressures exerted by the host. (elifesciences.org)
  • One very important application of this work is investigating how pathogens like Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) respond to antibiotics, as this helps inform how Mtb develops antimicrobial resistance or drug resistance. (seattlechildrens.org)
  • We developed a technique named One-Cell Doubling Evaluation of Living Arrays of Mycobacterium, or ODELAM, that uses a microscope to automatically watch tens of thousands of individual Mtb cells grow over time as they are exposed to antibiotics. (seattlechildrens.org)
  • Das EU-finanzierte Projekt Host-TB wird mithilfe der CRISPR-Genomeditierung eine genomweite Untersuchung von mit Mycobacterium tuberculosis infizierten menschlichen Makrophagen durchführen. (europa.eu)
  • Mycobacterium immunogenum is an emerging pathogen of the immune-mediated lung disease hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) reported in machinists occupationally exposed to contaminated metal working fluid (MWF). (cdc.gov)
  • You will also employ functional assays investigating host-pathogen interactions in vitro, such as serum bactericidal assay or adherence to eukaryotic cells. (lu.se)
  • The Banfield group at the John Innes Centre, in collaboration with the Iwate Biotechnology Research Centre in Japan and The Sainsbury Laboratory in Norwich describes how an effector protein (AVR-Pii) used by the blast fungus Maganaporthe oryzae binds with the rice host receptor protein Exo70. (phys.org)
  • In revealing the structure of AVR-Pii, the research group have also shown that this effector belongs to a new protein family in the blast pathogen, termed "Zifs", as they are based on a Zinc-finger motif. (phys.org)
  • Between 2017-2019, Sam took a secondment position at the Australian National University to complete the Australian Research Council Discovery Early Career Research Award project, where he extended his research further to understand the molecular interaction between Myrtaceae tree species and the myrtle rust pathogen. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Her current research is focused on understanding cell signaling interaction at the host-pathogen interface. (vanderbilt.edu)
  • Cell culture techniques were advanced significantly in the 1940s and 1950s to support research in virology . (wikipedia.org)
  • This vaccine was made possible by the cell culture research of John Franklin Enders , Thomas Huckle Weller , and Frederick Chapman Robbins , who were awarded a Nobel Prize for their discovery of a method of growing the virus in monkey kidney cell cultures. (wikipedia.org)
  • The postholder will be part of the Weiner lab ( www.weinerlab.org ), based in the Cimi-Paris research institute hosted by the Faculty of Medicine of the Sorbonne University. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • Current research targets ultrasonic separation and enrichment of cells, bacteria, virus and extracellular vesicles aimed at providing new technology for faster sepsis diagnostics. (lu.se)
  • The study of specialized tissue domains and their interactions is essential for a comprehensive understanding of the function of biological systems, including the wide variety of plant species. (nature.com)
  • Cell culture or tissue culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment. (wikipedia.org)
  • After the cells of interest have been isolated from living tissue , they can subsequently be maintained under carefully controlled conditions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Tissue culture commonly refers to the culture of animal cells and tissues, with the more specific term plant tissue culture being used for plants. (wikipedia.org)
  • In practice, the term "cell culture" now refers to the culturing of cells derived from multicellular eukaryotes , especially animal cells, in contrast with other types of culture that also grow cells, such as plant tissue culture , fungal culture, and microbiological culture (of microbes ). (wikipedia.org)
  • The historical development and methods of cell culture are closely interrelated to those of tissue culture and organ culture . (wikipedia.org)
  • The laboratory technique of maintaining live cell lines (a population of cells descended from a single cell and containing the same genetic makeup) separated from their original tissue source became more robust in the middle 20th century. (wikipedia.org)
  • [12] He suggested that the potentialities of individual cells via tissue culture as well as that the reciprocal influences of tissues on one another could be determined by this method. (wikipedia.org)
  • Then, filter the tissue through a 100 micrometer cell strainer and discard the flow through. (jove.com)
  • In addition to basic science investigations in such areas as tumor cell invasion, oncogenes, immunotherapy and genetic inheritance, our scientists and physicians participate in national cancer trials. (upstate.edu)
  • Infectious disease can be devastating, and sometimes fatal, to the host. (nih.gov)
  • In the first stage, a new host is exposed to infectious particles shed by an infected individual. (nih.gov)
  • The number, route, mode of transmission, and stability of an infectious agent outside the host determines its infectivity. (nih.gov)
  • Most infectious agents show a significant degree of host specificity , causing disease only in one or a few related species. (nih.gov)
  • In addition, we found that C. albican Hom6p has an effect on cell adhesion, which is important for C. albicans virulence. (ncl.edu.tw)
  • Moreover, C. albicans Hom6p affects expression of the cell wall protein Xog1p which is a major exoglucanase and is found to be involved in cell adhesion. (ncl.edu.tw)
  • C. albicans Hom6p thus had an effect on cell survival and cell adhesion by maintaining protein synthesis and cell wall function. (ncl.edu.tw)
  • Remarkably, although cells are genetically identical, individual cells in a population respond differently to antibiotic drugs. (seattlechildrens.org)
  • The lifespan of most cells is genetically determined, but some cell-culturing cells have been "transformed" into immortal cells which will reproduce indefinitely if the optimal conditions are provided. (wikipedia.org)
  • Recently, we developed a hematopoietic stem cell-based approach to tackle this issue, in which we can genetically alter nucleated hematopoietic precursor cells and differentiate them ex-vivo to mature erythrocytes that can be infected by P. falciparum. (stanford.edu)
  • It maintains a broad host range and, for unknown reasons, results in different diseases in different hosts. (medscape.com)
  • In the current study, M. immunogenum 700506, a predominant genotype isolated from HP-linked fluid s, was shown to multiply intracellularly, induce proinflammatory mediators (TNF-alpha, IL- 1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, GM-CSF, NO) and cause cytotoxicity/cell death in the cultured murine alveolar macrophage cell line MH-S in a dose- and time-dependent manner. (cdc.gov)
  • 2016. Detection of Variant Surface Glycoprotein switching by magnetic activated cell sorting and flow cytometry. (hmc.edu)
  • The Aitchison Lab is continuing to develop new techniques and technologies that are critical for investigating how pathogens interact with antibiotics but also more generally, how genetic and environmental interactions play out as a system in an organism's behavior. (seattlechildrens.org)
  • By understanding how bacteria interact with biotic or abiotic surfaces, researchers can start to explore how drugs can be used to target these interactions, or whether the bacteria living in our bodies or our environments can be changed. (embl-em.de)
  • Rotavirus Genotype Trends and Gastrointestinal Pathogen Detection in the United States, 2014-16: Results from the New Vaccine Surveillance Network. (cdc.gov)
  • We use cell-biological and biochemical approaches to study protein function and aim to put it all into context of the co-evolution of the parasite and the host. (gulbenkian.pt)
  • Using protein structure analysis, the study reveals a tight binding mechanism in which a significant proportion of the effector surface is involved in the interaction with the host target. (phys.org)
  • This AVR-Pii-Exo70 interaction was already known to support disease resistance in rice plants expressing the NLR immune receptor protein pair Pii. (phys.org)
  • RNA-protein interactions are central to biological regulation. (nih.gov)
  • The group uses quantitative imaging, protein engineering and various single cell techniques to accomplish their goals. (lu.se)
  • Salmonella bacteria fend off a cell's immune defenses by creating a pocket within the cell, called a Salmonella-containing vacuole, in which to hide. (purdue.edu)
  • One of the method's strengths is that it can work at any point after salmonella has been introduced to the healthy cell. (purdue.edu)
  • When transferring to a new host cell every 1-7 days, it is unknown how and why Salmonella escapes extracellular fluid containing antibodies. (medscape.com)
  • An imbalance of the mycobiome equilibrium, termed fungal dysbiosis, changes the functional composition, structure, and metabolic activities of the host microbial communities ( 7 ). (frontiersin.org)