• Clearly, differences in the abundance, localization, and activity of proteins in different cells or in cells experiencing different internal or external cues will affect the splicing outcomes. (biomedigs.org)
  • In either type, stem cells are controlled by internal and external cues. (demystifyingyourhealth.com)
  • External cues could be chemicals released by other cells or coming into contact with other cells that can change the way a stem cell functions. (demystifyingyourhealth.com)
  • Alternatively activated M2 macrophages comprise cells exposed to low concentrations of M-CSF in the presence of IL-4, IL-13, or IL-10. (hindawi.com)
  • In vivo , the identification of macrophage phenotype is complicated since macrophages are obviously exposed to a microenvironment that is more complex respect to cell culture conditions, and they display characteristics that do not conform to the in vitro defined phenotypic categories. (hindawi.com)
  • Podosomes are found in a restricted number of cell types (macrophages, immature dendritic cells and osteoclasts) where they seem to be involved in adhesion and invasion. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • ETP augmented fibrosis, angiogenesis, and inflammation through recruitment of macrophages and endothelial cells. (jci.org)
  • Macrophages, which are functional plasticity cells, have the ability to phagocytize and digest foreign substances and acquire pro-(M1-like) or anti-inflammatory (M2-like) phenotypes according to their microenvironment. (frontiersin.org)
  • The large number of macrophages in the intestinal tract, play a significant role in maintaining the homeostasis of microorganisms on the surface of the intestinal mucosa and in the continuous renewal of intestinal epithelial cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • In addition, the effects of macrophages in the occurrence and development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and their role in inducing fibrosis, activating T cells, reducing colitis, and treating intestinal inflammation were also reviewed in this paper. (frontiersin.org)
  • On the other hand, phagosomes are formed when the pathogen is engulfed by macrophages and fuse with lysosomes to release enzymes and toxic substances, resulting in killing or having cytotoxic effects on bacteria and tumor cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • The lamina propria of the small intestine is the main site of the intestinal immune system, which contains a large number of macrophages, CD4 T cells, and dendritic cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • They are the first-line defense innate immune cells, commonly regarded as "brain resident macrophages" and the sole resident immune cell type in the CNS 4 . (atlasantibodies.com)
  • We tracked development from birth to 3 years of age in the slowest maturing organ, the brain, by measuring mass, neural stem cell proliferation, axonal, and dendritic maturation, synaptogenesis and myelination. (frontiersin.org)
  • The model, researchers say, can be used to figure out the neural and psychological differences that drive overeating before obesity sets in - a huge step to improve obesity prevention. (umich.edu)
  • But these obesity-prone and -resistant rats give us a basic-science model to figure out the neural and psychological differences that drive overeating, even before obesity sets in. (umich.edu)
  • Today's world of cell phones, social media, texting, and quick clicking has resulted in rewritten neural pathways and shortened attention spans. (kundaliniresearchinstitute.org)
  • Figure 1: The Neuronal Correlates of Consciousness (NCC) are the minimal set of neural events and structures - here synchronized action potentials in neocortical pyramidal neurons - sufficient for a specific conscious percept or a conscious (explicit) memory . (scholarpedia.org)
  • However, the neural correlates of conditioned responses to drug-associated cues are not well understood at the level of large populations of simultaneously recorded neurons, or at the level of local field potential (LFP) synchrony in the frontostriatal network. (eneuro.org)
  • We found relationships among the level of cocaine cue-evoked neural inhibition, frontostriatal network synchrony, and conditioned arousal measured via pupillometry. (eneuro.org)
  • Blood vessels (BVs) are considered an integral component of neural stem cells (NSCs) niches. (elifesciences.org)
  • Neural stem cells (NSCs) serve as a source for new neurons in both the developing and adult brain. (elifesciences.org)
  • Transforming growth factor-ß plays an important role in the development and maintenance of homeostasis of the vascular systems by regulating functions of endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • Analysing the effects of TGFß on cytoskeleton organisation led us to discover actin-rich structures named podosomes in aortic endothelial cells. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • In vitro work aims at a full characterization of the molecular composition of podosomes and elucidation of the molecular mechanisms involved in their assembly and disassembly in both microvascular and macrovascular endothelial cells. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • Our aim is to understand some of the mechanisms by which endothelial cells contribute to the pathophysiology of vascular diseases. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • We are studying how environmental cues impact on endothelial cells and translate into functional alterations focusing on changes in ECM composition/rigidity and cytokine contexts. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • TGFß plays a key role in cancer, fibrosis and inflammatory processes and endothelial cells represent a major target of its action. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • Endothelial podosome rosettes in cultured endothelial cells. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • A) Representative immunoconfocal images of F-actin (red) and vinculin (green) organisation in control (left panel) and TGFß-treated (right panel) cultured aortic endothelial cells. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • We have undertaken an extensive characterization of podosomes in different types of endothelial cells. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • These analyses have brought to light novel components not described previously, which could be involved in specific functions of endothelial cells. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • 30 nm in diameter, establish direct membrane-to-membrane contact with endothelial cells in specialized areas of irregular endothelial basement membrane and enriched with vesicular activity. (elifesciences.org)
  • Animal development is governed by gene expression within the cell that specifies tissues and regulates cell differentiation. (nus.edu.sg)
  • This study of replacing, engineering or regenerating human cells, tissues or organs to restore or establish normal function is called Regenerative Medicine. (demystifyingyourhealth.com)
  • When an embryo is 3-5 days old, it has stem cells that are rapidly working to create various organs and tissues. (demystifyingyourhealth.com)
  • Lewis's research is focused on the interplay of mechanical cues and biological changes in musculoskeletal tissues. (cornell.edu)
  • One of them is intravital imaging-we are looking to advance the ways intravital imaging is used in the study of musculoskeletal tissues with an emphasis on understanding acute signaling changes in disease. (cornell.edu)
  • Notch-1, Jagged-1, Jagged-2, and stem cell marker Nanog are expressed in SHED cultured in KGM which may be involved in the differentiation into epithelial-like cells in human dental pulp tissues. (bvsalud.org)
  • Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) are multipotent stem cells derived from the pulp tissues of extracted deciduous teeth 1 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Notch signaling pathway is also involved in the regulation of epithelial cell differentiation in various tissues 5-6 . (bvsalud.org)
  • They have proinflammatory functions: they produce effector molecules (reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates) and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 β , TNF α , and IL-6) and participate as inducer and effector cells in polarized Th1 responses. (hindawi.com)
  • Figure 2: Responses of the Esr1 + population in the female VMHvl during fighting and mating. (nature.com)
  • Figure 5: Electrophysiological responses of female VMHvl neurons during encounters with adult male and juvenile intruders. (nature.com)
  • Ferrario, who has published a number of papers on animals' responses to food cues, is senior author of the new Neuropharmacology paper with U-M neuroscience graduate student Rifka Derman. (umich.edu)
  • In addition, in collaboration with Kent Berridge, Ph.D. , and Michael Robinson, Ph.D., of the U-M Department of Psychology and Wesleyan University, respectively, Ferrario also found that the rats that showed the strongest responses to cues that a tasty treat was becoming available were the ones that went on to gain the most weight . (umich.edu)
  • Cell assemblies and central pattern generators (CPGs) are related types of neuronal networks: both consist of interacting groups of neurons whose collective activities lead to defined functional outputs. (degruyter.com)
  • First is to argue that cell assemblies and CPGs form parts of a single conceptual spectrum, which we denote as 'functional networks' - recognizing that CPG outputs repeat stereotypically over time, while cell assembly behavior may be less repetitive, more flexible, and prone to modification. (degruyter.com)
  • In a pair of papers , published yesterday (July 24) in Nature , the researchers demonstrate how the tool can be used to tweak gene expression, orchestrate protein binding events, and cue functional changes in the cell in response to environmental conditions. (sarahwestall.com)
  • Microglia undergo considerable molecular changes when transforming functional phenotypes from "surveying" into "primed" phenotypes. (atlasantibodies.com)
  • However, it remains unclear how animals figure out what to learn from: what's feedback and what's noise. (com.pk)
  • It is likely that constituent neurons in a cell assembly can be spread over large territories, intermixed with many other neurons ( Wallace and Kerr, 2010 ). (degruyter.com)
  • INTRO: A study in the journal Cell sheds new light on the evolution of neurons, focusing on the placozoans , a millimetre-sized marine animal. (sciforums.com)
  • Researchers at the Centre for Genomic Regulation in Barcelona find evidence that specialized secretory cells found in these unique and ancient creatures may have given rise to neurons in more complex animals. (sciforums.com)
  • Figure 1: Esr1 + neurons in the VMHvl of female mice are preferentially activated during fighting and mating. (nature.com)
  • Figure 3: The activity of Esr1 + neurons in the VMHvl is necessary for female aggression. (nature.com)
  • Figure 4: Activation of the Esr1 + neurons in the VMHvl is sufficient to induce attack in virgin female mice. (nature.com)
  • Neurons called granule cells are thought to play a central role in hippocampal pattern separation. (elifesciences.org)
  • Chen and his collaborators, including Zhu Yingjie from the Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, found that neurons in the PVT tracked that change. (com.pk)
  • This transparent material allows the user to monitor tip elongation processes in individual cells during microgap penetration by time-lapse imaging. (jove.com)
  • Pandemic planning lead by the rapid processes changes showed that use of Lean tools Canadian Public Health Laboratory Network included successfully expanded surge capacity, which enabled implementation of a reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) response to the 10-fold increase in testing demands. (cdc.gov)
  • Auxin signalling may be one of such mechanisms since it is responsible for the regulation of many cellular and developmental processes and also integrates environmental cues into developmental programs. (boku.ac.at)
  • Multiplexed immunofluorescence staining of the human cerebral cortex (normal control) visualizing microglial cells in red (Anti-P2RY12, HPA014518), astrocytes in green (Anti-GFAP, AMAb91033), and myelinated processes in blue (Anti-MBP, AMAb91062). (atlasantibodies.com)
  • Most biological processes involving cell migration fundamentally depend on how cells balance static adhesion and migration. (biorxiv.org)
  • MW) chemicals interact with host cells and molecules and In our daily life, we are confronted with a plethora of natural influence biologic processes such as signal transduction. (cdc.gov)
  • This is interesting because the molecular factors responsible for regulating cell size in bacteria and the mechanism that coordinate cell size regulation with the progression of the cell cycle remain unclear. (illinois.edu)
  • Changes in intrinsic excitability during abstinence from heroin and cue-induced relapse to heroin seeking. (jneurosci.org)
  • After 7 d of home-cage abstinence, a subset of heroin SA rats ( n = 8) and all yoked-saline controls ( n = 7) were killed for in vitro whole-cell slice electrophysiology. (jneurosci.org)
  • After just 24 h of drug abstinence, brief exposures to olfactory stimuli previously paired with cocaine injections led to a transient dilation of the pupil, which was greater than the dilation effect to neutral cues. (eneuro.org)
  • Together, these results show that pupil dilation is sensitive to drug-associated cues during acute stages of abstinence, and that individual animal differences in this behavioral arousal response can be explained by two complementary measures of frontostriatal network activity. (eneuro.org)
  • Frontostriatal circuits are implicated in drug craving and relapse, which can be triggered during abstinence by drug-associated cues. (eneuro.org)
  • As the poly-dimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microdevices presented in this manuscript are optically transparent and air permeable, we can culture living cells inside the device and observe their growth behaviors under a microscope. (jove.com)
  • But even so, they showed much stronger food-seeking behaviors in response to food-related cues that they'd learned to associate with a food treat compared with rats whose family trees were lean. (umich.edu)
  • That is, trains of spikes in Purkinje cells (or their absence) will not induce a sensory percept although they may ultimately affect some behaviors (such as eye movements ). (scholarpedia.org)
  • The results show numerous social behaviors and the ability to learn to use human cues to solve problems. (bvsalud.org)
  • Even now, however, cell assemblies are difficult or impossible to isolate physically, in contrast to at least some CPGs. (degruyter.com)
  • In contrast, here we show that VMHvl Esr1+ cells are indispensable for female aggression. (nature.com)
  • In contrast, there was no cue-selective change in locomotion, as measured by the rotation of a circular treadmill. (eneuro.org)
  • In contrast, rapidly migrating Δ pilH cells, which produce an excessive number of T4P, are easily detached by shear. (biorxiv.org)
  • At each passage, the cells were counted, photographed using an inverted phase-contrast microscope (Carl Zeiss Microscopy, LLC, Thornwood, NY, USA) and cyro-preserved in cyrovial tube for further culture and later for RNA analysis. (bvsalud.org)
  • This study revealed that the basilar papilla of barn owls has two unique features being a proliferation of lenticular cells and a thickening of the basilar membrane. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Notch signaling pathway provides important intercellular signaling mechanisms essential for cell fate specification and it regulates differentiation and proliferation of stem or progenitor cells by para-inducing effects 3-4 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Internal cues are from your genes. (demystifyingyourhealth.com)
  • Individual LOCKR proteins can also be connected to form circuits, systems able make changes within the cell in response to internal and external stimuli. (sarahwestall.com)
  • Driven by the intrigue of the origin of these cells, the authors of the study employed an array of molecular techniques and computational models to understand how placozoan cell types evolved and piece together how our ancient ancestors might have looked and functioned. (sciforums.com)
  • We combine bacterial genetics, biochemistry, and high-resolution imaging in order to examine the progression of the cell cycle at the molecular and cellular level. (illinois.edu)
  • As such, targeting the molecular networks involved in coordinating cell cycle events in bacteria represents an attractive target for antibiotic development. (illinois.edu)
  • We are interested in figuring out how bacteria integrate information from the environment into the molecular networks that drive the forward progression of the cell cycle. (illinois.edu)
  • We are currently working out the molecular network that links cell shape regulation and ability to resist toxic compounds. (illinois.edu)
  • Starting her career in immunology, she worked on the regulation of B lymphocyte expansion during the immune response and the molecular mechanisms underlying hairy cell leukemia oncogenicity. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • Such extreme events are likely to become more common with the global climate change, increasing the importance of studying the molecular mechanisms by which plants respond to stress conditions. (boku.ac.at)
  • Single-cell molecular RNA-profiling of microglia isolated from the brains of patients with MS and Alzheimer ́s disease has enabled the discovery of novel microglia subtypes with unusual properties. (atlasantibodies.com)
  • The filaments are anchored to a molecular machinery in the cell envelope [ 13 ], where the ATPase PilB drives pilus polymerzation while pilus retraction is driven by the AT-Pases PilT and PilU. (biorxiv.org)
  • Correspondence with low molecular weight chemicals that results in the priming of chemical-specific, Prof. Dr. Stefan F. Martin, Allergy Research skin-homing CD8+ Tc1/Tc17 and CD4+ Th1/Th17 cells. (cdc.gov)
  • We describe how B. burgdorferi and B. hermsii change their outer surface during their alternating infections in ticks and mammals, which in turn suggests biological functions for a few surface-exposed lipoproteins. (cdc.gov)
  • Knowledge on the expression analysis of Notch signaling pathway molecules in SHED cultured in KGM could highlight its involvement in controlling the biological activity of these stem cells, particularly during odontogenesis and other developmental process. (bvsalud.org)
  • In response to environmental cues they display a proinflammatory (M1) or an alternative anti-inflammatory (M2) phenotype. (hindawi.com)
  • Our work focuses on two environmental cues: nutrient availability and presence of stressors such as antibiotics. (illinois.edu)
  • With increasing urbanization and associated ecological changes, species might further alter their development to adapt to new environmental challenges presented by urbanization. (nus.edu.sg)
  • Hatching of the embryos can also be affected by environmental cues such as increased presence of predators. (nus.edu.sg)
  • As seen, development and the environment is intrinsically linked and environmental cues play a role in determining the developmental trajectory of the species. (nus.edu.sg)
  • Plants undergo frequent changes in environmental conditions, such as the fluctuations in temperature, light and humidity that happen throughout the day. (boku.ac.at)
  • These include (but are not limited to) infections of the inner ear, head injury, drug or environmental toxicity, cerebrovascular insults, degenerative changes due to aging or illness, and autoimmune reactions. (cdc.gov)
  • School staff can play a major role in protecting children and adolescents from UV exposure and the future development of skin cancer by instituting policies, environmental changes, and educational programs that can reduce skin cancer risks among young persons. (cdc.gov)
  • Those stimuli include novel stimuli, reinforcing stimuli and their predicting cues, according to the study. (com.pk)
  • It showed thalamic cells play a very important role in keeping track of the behavioral significance of stimuli," said the paper's senior author Chen Xiaoke, an assistant professor of biology at Stanford University. (com.pk)
  • Cells receive stimuli, then have to figure out what to do about it. (sarahwestall.com)
  • Adult-born granule cells (ABGCs) are involved in certain forms of hippocampus-dependent learning and memory. (elifesciences.org)
  • These cells, unlike the majority of nerve cells, can form at any time, and those that form in the mature brain are called adult born granule cells (ABGCs). (elifesciences.org)
  • a) Migrating cells under mechanical shear have to balance attachment and detachment to remain at the surface. (biorxiv.org)
  • Scientists have figured out that turning genes on or off is critical to the process of differentiation, but some signal is needed to give this cue and that is what they are still searching for. (demystifyingyourhealth.com)
  • Aim: To detect the expression of molecules associated with Notch signaling pathway in stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) cultured in specific differentiation medium, namely, keratinocyte growth medium (KGM). (bvsalud.org)
  • Since the Notch signaling pathway molecules play an important role in differentiation of epithelial cells, it is important to identify the presence of notch signaling molecules in SHED during the process of cell differentiation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Pollen tubes elongate through the style and eventually reach the ovule by sensing multiple guidance cues along their way 1 . (jove.com)
  • Another subset of heroin SA rats ( n = 6) underwent a 30 min cue-induced relapse test immediately followed by in vitro whole-cell slice electrophysiology. (jneurosci.org)
  • This in vitro platform can be used to study how individual cells respond to physically constrained spaces and may provide insights into tip-growth mechanisms. (jove.com)
  • The targeting ability of ICG-JA was measured in vitro using HeLa cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • At a cellular level within the brain, sleep is characterized by widespread changes in neuronal synchrony, which in turn result in the electroencephalographic signatures by which it is characterized by researchers. (uzh.ch)
  • The behavioral assay was combined with simultaneous recordings from dozens of electrophysiologically identified units in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and ventral striatum (VS). We found significant relationships between cocaine cue-evoked pupil dilation and the proportion of inhibited principal cells in the mPFC and VS. Additionally, LFP coherence analysis revealed a significant correlation between pupillary response and synchrony in the 25-45 Hz frequency band. (eneuro.org)
  • These effects were partially mediated through enhanced TGF-β signaling, which contributes to tissue fibrosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells. (jci.org)
  • We have identified a novel protein that looks structurally like a DNA repair protein and yet this protein has the capability of making cells resistant to antibiotics that intercalate DNA. (illinois.edu)
  • At 4 months of age, NMR brains reach 90% of adult size with stable neuronal cytostructural protein expression whereas myelin protein expression does not plateau until 9 months of age in NMRs, and synaptic protein expression continues to change throughout the first 3 years of life. (frontiersin.org)
  • S cientists have invented a synthetic protein designed to control the inner workings of cells. (sarahwestall.com)
  • Adipocyte-derived factors involved in tumor progression include proteins such as adiponectin, leptin, TNF-α, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), IL-6, and ECM components that control tumor cell behavior within the tumor microenvironment. (jci.org)
  • Electrical coupling is also known to be important in the development of hippocampal and neocortical principal cell networks. (degruyter.com)
  • Macrophage activation has been described as a dynamic process: the same cell may initially induce proinflammatory and cytotoxic reactions and later may take part in the resolution of inflammation and wound healing [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Our studies aim at a better understanding of the signaling cascades underlying endothelial cell behaviour in human diseases such as tumoral angiogenesis and metastasis, inflammation or atherosclerosis, with the long term goal of manipulating these cascades for therapeutical intervention. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • A substantial buildup of amyloid Aβ in AD-patients induces inflammation and glial cell activation leading to a vicious cycle and increased Aβ- formation. (atlasantibodies.com)
  • The sea creatures coordinate their behaviour thanks to peptidergic cells, special types of cells that release small peptides which can direct the animal's movement or feeding. (sciforums.com)
  • Olivier, B. & Wiepkema, P.R. Behaviour changes in mice following electrolytic lesions in the median hypothalamus. (nature.com)
  • What are stem cells? (armi.org.au)
  • Stem cells are basically the building blocks of organisms. (armi.org.au)
  • In order to understand how this could ever be possible, we need to start by looking at stem cells. (demystifyingyourhealth.com)
  • There are two types of stem cells: embryonic and adult. (demystifyingyourhealth.com)
  • Embryonic are stem cells that come from an embryo, which are a mass of cells in the earliest stages of human development that, if implanted in a womb, will eventually become a fetus. (demystifyingyourhealth.com)
  • They were thought to be more limited than embryonic stem cells in that they could only create the same type of tissue from which they originated. (demystifyingyourhealth.com)
  • Adult stem cells are more challenging to replicate in a lab. (demystifyingyourhealth.com)
  • So, how are we able to use a glob of stem cells to create an organ that has very specific functions? (demystifyingyourhealth.com)
  • The third step is to add growth factors that are specific to that organ to the stem cells. (demystifyingyourhealth.com)
  • Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) (ALLCells, Alameda, CA, USA) were employed in the current study. (bvsalud.org)
  • These cells share in common the ability to cross anatomical boundaries. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • Figure 8: VMHpvlm and VMHpvll in female mice have distinct downstream targets. (nature.com)
  • In fact, the sound cues are both necessary and sufficient for localization of mice from a distant location where they are perched. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here we introduce a behavioral assay of conditioned arousal to cocaine cues involving pupillometry in awake head-restrained mice. (eneuro.org)
  • Advances in tissue engineering technology have led to the production of novel human skin equivalents and organoids that reproduce cell-cell interactions with tissue-scale tensional homeostasis, and enable us to evaluate skin tissue morphology, functionality, drug response and wound healing. (mdpi.com)
  • Even when using human cells, the organoid is often too small. (armi.org.au)
  • The researchers first tested their tool in yeast, then successfully designed a modified version that works in lab-grown human cells. (sarahwestall.com)
  • But, even if such a drug arrived, scientists would have to figure out how to safely deliver it to a human brain. (ijpr.org)
  • By 2013, that number had dropped to around 10 percent from assorted coral diseases, climate change and human impacts in South Florida such as agricultural runoff, sewage outflows, dredging and coastal development. (wfit.org)
  • The aim of this work is to assess the behavior of a maned wolf raised by humans on interspecific social and cognitive tasks - sociability toward a familiar person and toward a stranger, gazing at the human face to ask for food, and following human cues to locate hidden food. (bvsalud.org)
  • D , Postabstinence cue-induced relapse test: Average number of active lever presses during the first 30 min of the last 3 SA sessions for Drd1-Cre + (red triangles) and Drd2-Cre + (blue triangles) rats (left). (jneurosci.org)
  • Average number of active lever presses during a 30 min cue-induced relapse test for the same rats (right). (jneurosci.org)
  • 0.05) rats during the cue-induced relapse test compared with the average number of active lever presses during first 30 min of last 3 SA sessions. (jneurosci.org)
  • Researchers have found that obesity-prone rats respond more strongly to food-related cues, including specific changes in cells of the same brain area linked to addiction. (umich.edu)
  • When obesity-prone rats learned to recognize a certain sound as the cue for food availability, a key receptor appeared more frequently on the surface of certain cells in the reward center. (umich.edu)
  • But similar changes in this receptor were not seen in obesity-resistant rats. (umich.edu)
  • What's more, when researchers used a drug to block the receptors, called CP-AMPA receptors or CP-AMPARs, the food cue no longer triggered the obesity-prone rats to seek out food - even though they still showed signs that they recognized the cue. (umich.edu)
  • We have found that cell size regulation and timing of chromosome replication are interconnected, a connection that is influenced by nutrient availability. (illinois.edu)
  • The award was for my project, Chasing Entelechy: cell interactions and collective behaviours underlying organ growth regulation," said Alberto. (armi.org.au)
  • Cueing one LTM item rapidly pattern completes the associated uncued item via PFC. (eneuro.org)
  • Embryonic stems cells are effectively grown in a lab, but not easy to control. (demystifyingyourhealth.com)
  • We explore the method on three circuits for haematopoiesis and embryonic stem cell development for commitment and reprogramming scenarios and illustrate how the method can be used to determine sequential steps for onsets of external factors, essential for efficient reprogramming. (lu.se)
  • Those differences, researchers found, extended deep into the rodents' brains, into the cells of the "reward center" called the nucleus accumbens. (umich.edu)
  • In their demonstrative studies, the researchers used LOCKR to trigger cell death, degrade specific proteins, and direct the movement of materials through living cells. (sarahwestall.com)
  • So as leaves continue to change across the northern United States with the turning of the seasons, researchers are working to better understand how climate change may be affecting fall colors-changes that may affect the bottom line for those tourism-rich areas. (sciencefriday.com)
  • But to tease out the factors involved with the timing of peak leaf color, the researchers need data on when leaves started to change color, when they arrive at their peak color, and when the leaf-peeping season ends. (sciencefriday.com)
  • So researchers are working to better understand how climate change may be affecting fall colors, changes that may affect the bottom line for those tourism-rich areas. (sciencefriday.com)
  • Researchers understand the mechanism for the color change. (sciencefriday.com)
  • Researchers gathered two octopuses , two Star Wars action figures, and some Ecstasy (aka MDMA). (listverse.com)
  • Bacteria are masters at adapting and surviving sudden changes in their environment. (illinois.edu)
  • Our long-term goal is to build a model that incorporates the full repertoire of factors involved in orchestrating the progression of the cell cycle in bacteria. (illinois.edu)
  • We captured the dynamic changes in the shape of a fluorescently labeled vegetative nucleus and sperm cells in a pollen tube during this process. (jove.com)
  • The new study is the first time that neuroscientists have shown that the two are linked: Changes in CP-AMPA receptors in the nucleus accumbens are involved in food-seeking in response to a cue. (umich.edu)
  • Figure 1: PILS presumably facilitate the transport of auxin from the cytoplasm into the ER lumen, preventing it to diffuse into the nucleus and interfering with auxin signalling. (boku.ac.at)
  • The microglia cells are multitasking and instrumental for maintaining the brain and spinal cord's essential regulatory and homeostatic functions. (atlasantibodies.com)
  • Scientists have created 100% synthetic proteins that can control how cells behave, including the death of the cell. (sarahwestall.com)
  • Some scientists wonder if it came from foreign lands by ship ballast water , while others question if it might have always been hanging around until corals became immuno-compromised by climate change and pollution. (wfit.org)
  • So when we talk about the impacts of climate change on this tourism, on changes in fall foliage, it's maybe not the untold suffering that 11,000 scientists were warning about in that climate emergency declaration you mentioned a few minutes ago. (sciencefriday.com)
  • Our simulations demonstrate how simultaneous, brief multimodal memory cues could build a temporary joint memory representation as an "index" in PFC by means of fast Hebbian synaptic plasticity. (eneuro.org)
  • Our results highlight the crucial role of ETP as an obesity-associated factor that promotes tumor growth in the context of adipocyte interactions with tumor and stromal cells. (jci.org)
  • Changes in body posture that require shifting one's weight or moving the head are particularly problematic, and can induce vertigo. (cdc.gov)
  • Adipocytes represent a major cell type in the mammary tumor microenvironment and are important for tumor growth. (jci.org)
  • Naïve resting microglia cells are essentially immobile and continuously scan the CNS microenvironment for "danger signals" with their highly motile pseudopodial extensions. (atlasantibodies.com)
  • In fact, as antigen-presenting cells (APC), microglia are endowed with the ability to release pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines into the CNS tissue microenvironment. (atlasantibodies.com)
  • Her current research focuses on endothelial cell biology in health and diseases. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • Mistakes in this essential coordination of events can be lethal for the survival of the cell. (illinois.edu)
  • Some of these changes are believed to be driven by a thalamocortical feedback loop resulting in synchronized changes in basal membrane potential and neuronal activity. (uzh.ch)
  • Glial cells, comprising astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia, are the non-neuronal cell population of the central nervous system (CNS). (atlasantibodies.com)
  • The group wants to understand how organs know how much they have to grow to reach and maintain species-specific body proportions, and how this collective outcome emerges from the combination of individual cell behaviours. (armi.org.au)
  • We present an experimental micro-model of drying porous media, based on microfluidic cells made of arrays of pillars on a regular grid, and complement these experiments with a matching two-dimensional pore-network model of drying. (nature.com)
  • We describe a method to investigate the capability of tip-growing plant cells, including pollen tubes, root hairs, and moss protonemata, to elongate through extremely narrow gaps (~1 µm) in a microfluidic device. (jove.com)
  • We here argue that electrical coupling - in addition to chemical synapses - may therefore contribute to the formation of at least some cell assemblies in adult animals. (degruyter.com)
  • He comes to Cornell from a post-doctoral fellowship in the Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology at the Indiana University School of Medicine. (cornell.edu)
  • Using this experimental platform, we observed morphological changes in pollen tubes as they penetrated the microgap. (jove.com)
  • Under these experimental conditions, the cells changed how they respond to input signals some time between 5 and 9 weeks after being born. (elifesciences.org)
  • The susceptibility of strawberry fruit to postharvest diseases and decline of quality attributes increases after harvest and through extended storage, and as a consequence changes in physiological and biochemical parameters. (intechopen.com)
  • Subtle changes in SF levels or activity can have subtle or profound effects on the expression of downstream target genes (Figure 2). (biomedigs.org)
  • As a result, the animals will continue to freeze in response to a light or sound cue that was once accompanied by an electric shock. (ijpr.org)
  • So they conducted genetic tests that showed the greatest response to the young spinal fluid was found in some specialized cells in the hippocampus, an area that's important to memory. (ijpr.org)
  • Microglial cells are very plastic and readily adopt into distinct phenotypes, including the classical activated "pro-inflammatory" (M1) state and the alternatively activated "immunomodulatory" (M2) state in response to various stimulations 5 . (atlasantibodies.com)
  • These cells, called oligodendrocytes, create the myelin sheath that insulates wiring in the brain and is also important to memory. (ijpr.org)
  • Activated M1 microglia upregulates cell surface markers, like HLA-DRA and CD86, thus promoting neuroinflammation and damage to oligodendrocytes. (atlasantibodies.com)
  • Ongoing projects aim at demonstrating the existence of podosomes in vivo and determine their role in endothelial cell (patho)physiology. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • These cells play a key role in early resistance to intestinal pathogens. (frontiersin.org)
  • SHED was able to differentiate into epithelial like cells when cultured in keratinocyte growth medium (KGM) 2 . (bvsalud.org)