Cells administration intranasal. Medical search. Frequent questions

However, multiple hurdles exist for the realisation of a universal T cell vaccine. (mdpi.com)
GAITHERSBURG, Md. and BASEL, Switzerland, Nov. 10, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Altimmune, Inc. (Nasdaq: ALT), a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company, today announced that it entered into an agreement with Lonza for the manufacturing of AdCOVID ™ , Altimmune's next-generation, single-dose intranasal vaccine candidate for COVID-19. (yahoo.com)
Alberto Santagostino, SVP, Head of Cell and Gene Technologies for Lonza, commented, "We are deeply committed to fighting this global pandemic and deploying our expertise and resources to help vaccine developers like Altimmune meet commercial manufacturing requirements for novel and promising vaccine candidates. (yahoo.com)
AdCOVID is a single-dose COVID-19 vaccine candidate that has the potential to be conveniently administered via an intranasal spray. (yahoo.com)
The virtual absence of Spike-specific cell immunity in lungs of vaccinees is not surprising given that the vaccine is administrated intramuscularly. (nature.com)
We developed a CD8 + T-cell-based vaccine platform based on intramuscular (i.m.) injection of a DNA vector coding for antigens of interest fused at the C-terminus of a biologically inactive Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Type 1 Nef protein (Nef mut ) having an unusually high efficiency of incorporation into EVs. (nature.com)
CCIIV for the cell culture based inactivated vaccine, AIV for the adjuvated inactivated influenza vaccine. (cdc.gov)
The live attenuated intranasal vaccine (LAIV4) is not recommended for use during the 2016-2017 influenza season. (cdc.gov)
certolizumab pegol decreases effects of influenza virus vaccine quadrivalent, intranasal by pharmacodynamic antagonism. (medscape.com)
Conclusion Intranasal application of a live attenuated gE-negative BoHV-1 vaccine is able to afford a clinical protection and a reduction of virus excretion in goats challenged by a CpHV-1 genital infection. (groundwater-2011.net)
Moreover, a recent experiment showed that intranasal administration of a live attenuated gE-negative BoHV-1 vaccine in goats reduced the peak viral titre after a nasal CpHV-1 challenge and therefore afforded a partial cross-protection [32]. (groundwater-2011.net)
In the following study, it is hypothesised that an intranasal administration (of a bovine CDK8-IN-1 vaccine) CDK8-IN-1 could afford a protection against the CDK8-IN-1 clinical genital infection. (groundwater-2011.net)
Results Clinical and viral responses after intranasal immunisation Goats immunised by intranasal inoculation with virulent CpHV-1 or gE-negative BoHV-1 vaccine remained in good general state of health. (groundwater-2011.net)
The overall objective of EuroNeut-41 was to design a vaccine that raises antibodies able to prevent HIV cell fusion by blocking the virus fusion protein gp41 in its pre-fusogenic conformation. (europa.eu)
Background and aims: Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) represents a promising vaccine vector for respiratory administration to induce protective lung immunity including tertiary lymphoid structure, the bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT). (bvsalud.org)
Nasal vaccines are intuitively logical for pathogens that enter via the nose, so it is unsurprising that the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has reinvigorated interest in intranasal vaccine development. (ondrugdelivery.com)
Dendritic cells in the nasal epithelia provide a secondary route for vaccine entry. (ondrugdelivery.com)
Mired in a standoff with Republicans over more Covid response money, the administration has yet to invest heavily in any of the promising vaccine targets it's identified. (nakedcapitalism.com)
Subunit, DNA and vectored vaccine candidates have been developed using this glycoprotein as the primary antigen, demonstrating that gD has the capacity to induce robust virus neutralizing antibodies and strong cell-mediated immune responses, as well as protection from clinical symptoms, in target species. (biomedcentral.com)
In July 2022, Emergex Vaccines Holding Limited through the development of fully synthetic CD8+ T cell Adaptive Vaccines, announced the manufacture of its universal/pandemic influenza vaccine, ready for Phase I clinical trials. (guwahatimail.in)

Ocular antihistamine drops (for eye symptoms), intranasal antihistamine sprays, intranasal cromolyn, intranasal anticholinergic sprays, and short courses of oral corticosteroids (reserved for severe, acute episodes only) may also provide relief. (medscape.com)

This likely occurred because of the demonstrated anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of the intranasally administered stem cells which were derived from bone marrow . (medicalnewstoday.com)
Central tolerance occurs during lymphocyte development in the primary lymphoid organs (i.e. thymus and bone marrow), where T or B cell clones that recognize autoantigens with high-affinity are deleted. (frontiersin.org)

In addition to activating systemic immunity (neutralizing antibodies and T cell responses) AdCOVID stimulates a type of localized immunity called mucosal immunity, which can act to prevent both SARS-CoV-2 virus infection and transmission. (yahoo.com)
Intranasal administration has the advantage of directly affecting the site of action, and, in general, intranasal medications have fewer adverse effects and no systemic effects. (medscape.com)
Systemic and transdermal melatonin administration prevents neuropathology in response to perinatal asphyxia in newborn lambs. (umassmed.edu)
BACKGROUND: Besides systemic drug delivery, the intranasal route of administration has shown potential for direct nose-to-brain drug delivery, which has gained popularity because it bypasses the blood-brain barrier. (bvsalud.org)
By enabling mucosal plus systemic immunity, alone or in combination with established intramuscular vaccines, intranasal vaccination offers better protection against SARS-CoV-2, along with improved patient outcomes. (ondrugdelivery.com)

Next-generation vaccines that utilize T cells could potentially overcome the limitations of current influenza vaccines that rely on antibodies to provide narrow subtype-specific protection and are prone to antigenic mismatch with circulating strains. (mdpi.com)
Administration of anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-based vaccines leads to the production of extraordinarily high levels of anti-Spike antibodies in serum 1 , 2 . (nature.com)
Recent studies in mouse tumor models have shown that T RM cells are induced by cancer vaccines delivered in peripheral tissue sites, or by the depletion of regulatory T cells. (frontiersin.org)
In this review, the genomic and spike protein characteristics of SARS-CoV-2, the role of SARS-CoV-2 in the COVID-19 pathogenesis, cytokine storm, the role of cytotoxic T and B cells against SARS-CoV-2, as well as the vaccines efficacy (taking into account mutations in the spike protein) are described. (bvsalud.org)
Four intranasal vaccines have already been approved for use, 2 most recently iNCOVACC (Bharat Biotech, Hyderabad, India) and Convidecia Air™ (CanSino Biologics, Tianjin, China) - and many more are in development. (ondrugdelivery.com)

Nevertheless, at least in animal models, pre-infection administration of exogenous IFN can reduce deaths and poxvirus viral load. (cdc.gov)
However, nothing is known about the ability of the N-specific CD8 + T cell immunity in controlling viral replication in the lungs, a major pathogenic signature of severe disease in humans. (nature.com)
Angiotensin changing enzyme 2 (ACE-2) performs a key position in viral entry into host cells. (aidstar-one.com)
Currently, nucleic acid therapies may be delivered via intermittent administration intrathecally or via intracerebroventricular injection or may be introduced by intraparenchymal injection of viral vectors encoding these therapies. (scientificarchives.com)
Researchers proposed an optimal system to generate SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particles for examining viral assembly and entry into target host cells. (news-medical.net)
This review highlights the structural and functional characteristics of BoHV-1, BoHV-5 and where appropriate, Human herpesvirus gD, as well as its role in viral entry and interactions with host cell receptors. (biomedcentral.com)
Olfactory cells are very susceptible to viral invasion and are particularly targeted by SARS-CoV-2, and that's why one of the prominent symptoms of COVID-19 is loss of smell. (sciencedaily.com)
The A56 protein is capable of binding two viral proteins, a serine protease inhibitor (K2) and the vaccinia virus complement control protein (VCP), and anchoring them to the surface of infected cells. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Mohammad, A., & Mehmood, D. In Vivo Anti-Viral Effect of Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea Tree Oil) and Olea europaea (Olive Leaf Extract) on Vero Cell Adapted Avian Influenza Virus. (memory-therapy.com)

The efficacy of extracellular vesicles derived from human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC-EVs), naturally enriched with microglia-modulating miRNAs, was also examined in a mouse model following TBI 12 . (tamhsc.edu)
Stem cells, delivered intranasally, were found to substantially improve motor function in Parkinson's disease in a study co-authored by William H. Frey II, Ph.D, Director of the Alzheimer's Research Center, part of HealthPartners Research Foundation. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The team had previously published a paper and filed for a patent on this intranasal stem cell delivery method and went on to study the therapeutic impact and long-term survival of the stem cells after they reached the brain. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Intranasal administration of stem cells to the brain is a promising and noninvasive alternative to current surgical procedures. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Despite initial therapeutic outcomes, conventional stem cells face key limitations. (biomedcentral.com)
The novel Cymerus™ manufacturing facilitates production of a virtually limitless supply of consistent human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived mesenchymal stem cells, which could play a key role in selective immunosuppression and graft repair during rejection. (biomedcentral.com)
Umbilical cord blood versus mesenchymal stem cells for inflammation-induced preterm brain injury in fetal sheep. (umassmed.edu)
Neurovascular effects of umbilical cord blood-derived stem cells in growth-restricted newborn lambs : UCBCs for perinatal brain injury. (umassmed.edu)

The recent success of T cell immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies for cancer has revealed CD8 T cells as potent mediators of immunity against advanced cancers ( 4 , 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
Second, T cell therapies using Tregs (either polyclonal, antigen-specific, or genetically engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors) to establish active dominant immune tolerance or T cells (engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors) to delete pathogenic immune cells. (frontiersin.org)
Third, IL-2 therapies aiming at expanding immunosuppressive regulatory T cells in vivo . (frontiersin.org)
Cell-mediated immunotherapy is emerging as an alternative in single and combination therapies to rescue rejecting transplants. (biomedcentral.com)
These can be further subdivided into intranasal and oral therapies. (medscape.com)

After a single intranasal dose, the hMSC-EVs were incorporated into microglia throughout injured brain regions, resulting in acute and chronic improvements in TBI mice 12 . (tamhsc.edu)
Atheroprotection was also documented in apoe(-/-) mice lacking functional transforming growth factor-beta receptors on T cells. (lu.se)
All could be expeditiously tested with inhalational or intranasal administration in H5N1 models with mice, ferrets, pigs, and monkeys. (cdc.gov)
In mice, intranasal administration of IFN-α and IFN-γ prevents lethal vaccinia infection ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)
Intracerebroventricular administration of oxytocin and intranasal administration of the oxytocin derivative improve β-amyloid peptide (25-35)-induced memory impairment in mice " by Chikamasa Yamashita et al. (neurosciencenews.com)
Here, we show that the modular transcriptional signature in the blood of susceptible mice infected with a clinical isolate of M. tuberculosis resembles that of active human TB disease, with dominance of a type I interferon response and neutrophil activation and recruitment, together with a loss in B lymphocyte, natural killer and T cell effector responses. (imperial.ac.uk)
EVs-ACE2 can inhibit the an infection of S-pseudovirus in varied cells, and importantly, the mice handled with intranasal administration of EVs-ACE2 can suppress the entry of S-pseudovirus into the mucosal epithelium. (aidstar-one.com)
Acute lung inflammation induced by exposure to coarse particulate matter (PM) was evaluated by assay of inflammatory cells in whole lung lavage from mice administered the same nominal dose of PM by either the intratracheal (IT) or intranasal (IN) route. (cdc.gov)
Nevertheless, the number of Spike-specific CD8+ T cells within the lungs at day 12 after vaccination was increased in mice that received MVA-SARS-2-S co-administered with TLR3 but not TLR4 agonists. (bvsalud.org)
Intranasal administration of SARS-CoV-2 in mice results in rapid invasion of the brain. (sciencedaily.com)

The goat genital tract might employ similar homing mechanisms as those of the upper respiratory tract and therefore could receive primed immune cells from the nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) [36]. (groundwater-2011.net)
These differences in the route of particle administration are likely to reflect the filtering efficiency of the nasal cavity to block deep lung penetration of larger particles to the lower respiratory tract. (cdc.gov)
More particularly, the present invention is related to a more effective and rapid method of treating lower respiratory tract disease caused by RSV by direct administration of neutralizing antibodies into the lower respiratory tract. (justia.com)
However, MVA expressing the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Spike protein (MVA-SARS-2-S) required prime-boost administration to induce high titers of anti-Spike antibodies in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). (bvsalud.org)
1 More generally, the attractions of intranasal vaccination point to potential for other indications, such as respiratory syncytial virus. (ondrugdelivery.com)
The basic idea of our study is that some of the respiratory viruses have affinity for nervous system cells," said senior author Sudha Seshadri, MD, professor of neurology in the Long School of Medicine at UT Health San Antonio and director of the Glenn Biggs Institute. (sciencedaily.com)

Glycoprotein D is essential for virus penetration into permissive cells and thus is a major target for virus neutralizing antibodies during infection. (biomedcentral.com)

T regulatory (Treg) cells, T helper cell balances, dendritic cells, macrophages, B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells can be considered as the most determinant dysregulated mediators in immunomodulatory status. (hindawi.com)
This inflammation of the nasal mucosal lining is a result of inhaled aeroallergens, which the patient has been previously sensitized to, binding to immunoglobulin E (IgE) on the surface of mast cells, leading to mast cell degranulation and release of preformed mediators, such as histamine and leuko-trienes. (uspharmacist.com)

With intranasal drug delivery, the drug can be delivered to the central nervous system without passing through the first pass metabolism where it is processed by the liver and a portion of the dose is lost in the process, making the efficacy lower and increasing the required dosage. (outsourcing-pharma.com)
For intranasal use only, the recommended dose is 1 spray per nostril twice daily in adults and adolescents 12 years of age and older. (rxlist.com)
Cotton rats infected three days earlier by intranasal instillation of A2 strain of RSV (10.sup.4 pfu/animal) were anesthetized with methoxyflurane and inoculated intraperitoneally (IP) or intranasally (IN) with a varying dose of IVIG. (justia.com)

The recent advances in the study of the mucosal immune system strengthen this mode of administration as being a very effective route for vaccination for both peripheral and mucosal immunity [33]. (groundwater-2011.net)
The project has been structured in 3 main pathways or "tracks": a Discovery track, aiming at designing gp41-based antigens (Ag) using an iterative improvement process, and two development tracks (Parenteral and Mucosal) to determine the safety and immunogenicity of the Ags and the optimal administration conditions before selecting the most promising candidate for clinical development. (europa.eu)
More than 25 protocols were performed in rabbits to: i) screen all the Ags in Parenteral studies, ii) evaluate optimal route of administration and formulations in Mucosal studies. (europa.eu)
Intranasal vaccination offers the potential of mucosal immunity. (ondrugdelivery.com)

Infiltration of glioma cells into the brain parenchyma, and the blood-brain barrier are important hurdles to further increase the efficacy of classic therapeutic tools. (iozk.de)

Therefore, it was decided to investigate gE-negative BoHV-1 intranasal route of vaccination in goats with the aim to protect this species against CpHV-1 genital infection. (groundwater-2011.net)
Julie Suman and Nektaria Karavas discuss the challenges and opportunities of intranasal vaccination - showcasing current understanding for both liquid and powder products. (ondrugdelivery.com)
Figure 1 highlights the nasal-pharyngeal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) that constitutes the nasal immune system and is consequently the primary target for intranasal vaccination. (ondrugdelivery.com)
Figure 1: Side view of the nasal cavity highlighting the NALT, the primary target for intranasal vaccination. (ondrugdelivery.com)

Therefore, the purposes of this review are to highlight and describe the anatomical basis of nasal-brain pathway and provide an overview of drug formulations and current drugs for intranasal administration in CNS disease. (bvsalud.org)
Formulations for Intranasal Delivery of Pharmacological Agents to Combat Brain Disease: A New Opportunity to Tackle GBM? (iozk.de)

Conclusion-Nasal administration of an apoB-100 peptide fused to CTB attenuates atherosclerosis and induces regulatory Tr1 cells that inhibit T effector responses to apoB-100. (lu.se)
Informed by studies in infectious disease models, and instructed by a clear role for T RM cells in autoimmunity, we will discuss strategies for therapeutically promoting T RM responses in settings where they don't naturally occur. (frontiersin.org)
The persistence of such responses is fundamentally thought to be based on the ability of T cells to act as potent effectors and, subsequently, generate long-lived memory ( 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
Neutralizing antiviral B cell responses. (smw.ch)

Intranasal delivery is therefore emerging as an efficient method of administration, making it easy to self-administration and thus provides a non-invasive and painless alternative to oral and parenteral administration for delivering therapeutics to the central nervous system (CNS). (bvsalud.org)

These drugs have either been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (Aldara), are in clinical trials (Alferon LDO, inhalable IFN-γ, Resiquimod, CPG7909, and CpG10101), or at a preclinical stage of development (Ampligen). (cdc.gov)
Scientists have recently reviewed research articles related to the application of inorganic nanoparticles in delivering drugs to the brain through the intranasal route. (news-medical.net)
These drugs' mechanisms of action are exerted on the central nervous system and ultimately result in depression of excitatory cells. (bvsalud.org)

The coronavirus is known to enter cells via receptors called ACE2. (sciencedaily.com)

Glucagon may be useful when intravenous (IV) access for dextrose administration is problematic. (medscape.com)

Mechanisms of peripheral tolerance include inactivation of autoantigen-recognizing T and B cells by the induction of apoptosis, anergy or conversion into immunosuppressive regulatory cells. (frontiersin.org)

In fact, it is known that the development of cell immunity in pulmonary tissues is largely independent of the events occurring in both peripheral circulation and distal lymphoid organs. (nature.com)
Resident memory (T RM ) cells are a distinct tissue-localized T cell lineage that is crucial for protective immunity in peripheral tissues. (frontiersin.org)
While a great deal of effort has focused on defining their role in immunity to infections, studies now reveal T RM cells as a vital component of the host immune response to cancer. (frontiersin.org)
This review will recount the path to discovering the importance of resident memory CD8 T cells as they pertain to cancer immunity. (frontiersin.org)
In addition to highlighting key studies that directly implicate T RM cells in anti-tumor immunity, we will highlight earlier work that implicitly suggested their importance. (frontiersin.org)
These early classifications of T cell memory were quickly brought to bear on the question of what T cell subset provides the best immunity against cancer. (frontiersin.org)
CRTH2: Chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed includes nonallergic asthma phenotypes, such as asthma on TH2 cells associated with exposure to air pollution, infection, or obesity, ILC: Innate lymphoid cell that require innate rather than adaptive immunity. (cdc.gov)

BALB/c → C57BL/6 allografts were reconstituted with iPSC-derived MSCs (2 million/transplant/at d0), and allografts were examined for regulatory T cells (Tregs), oxygenation, microvascular blood flow, airway epithelium, and collagen deposition during rejection. (biomedcentral.com)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2014.02.015 epithelial cells and airway smooth muscle cells. (cdc.gov)

However, peptides like oxytocin are characterized by weak blood-brain barrier permeability, and so can only by efficiently delivered to the brain via intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration. (neurosciencenews.com)

Due to this fact, the intranasal EVs-ACE2 may very well be a preventive medication to guard from SARS-CoV-2 an infection. (aidstar-one.com)
These data are consistent with the decline in Spike-antibody and neutralising antibody levels observed after infection, although memory B-cell populations appear to be maintained. (cdc.gov)
Intranasal gene therapy to prevent infection by SARS-CoV-2 variants. (cdc.gov)

The oral route of administration (ROA) involves the application of the drug directly in to the mouth cavity, which will have a more direct effect on the target cells. (technavio.com)
A route of administration in pharmacology and toxicology is the path by which a drug, fluid, poison, or other substance is taken into the body. (absoluteastronomy.com)
It also covers the therapeutics assessment by product type, stage, route of administration, and molecule type. (guwahatimail.in)

As the field of cancer immunotherapy advances rapidly, it is now crucial to understand how the dissemination and maintenance of tumor-specific T cells can be optimally achieved. (frontiersin.org)
Stem cell-based immunotherapy has been recognized as a crucial immunoregulatory regimen in various preclinical and clinical studies. (biomedcentral.com)

At day 1 post intranasal application, the TLR4 agonist significantly affected MVA-induced activation of dendritic cells (DCs) within the draining bronchial lymph nodes, increasing the ratio of CD11b+CD86+ to CD103+CD86+ DCs. (bvsalud.org)

Prof. Chikamasa Yamashita at Tokyo University of Science recently patented a method to increase the efficiency of peptide delivery to the brain, by introducing cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) and a penetration-accelerating sequence (PAS) through structural modifications. (neurosciencenews.com)
Based on higher total cells recovered and shifts to a higher recovery of neutrophils in the lavage fluid, the IT route was at least three times more effective in delivery of PM10-2.5 to the lung than the IN route. (cdc.gov)
Intranasal administration of IVIG to fully anesthetized cotton rats or monkeys resulted in rapid delivery of the inoculum into the lungs. (justia.com)
Intranasal Delivery of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Protects against Neonatal Hypoxic?Ischemic Brain Injury. (umassmed.edu)
Intranasal drug delivery is one of the important delivery options for brain targeting, as the brain and nose compartments are connected to each other via the olfactory/trigeminal route and via peripheral circulation. (benthamscience.com)
Local administration methods of therapeutic agents, such as convection enhanced delivery and intracerebral injections, are often associated with adverse events. (iozk.de)
A mounting body of evidence is accumulating that the underexplored intranasal delivery route might represent a major breakthrough to combat glioblastoma. (iozk.de)

Other immune system cells, such as macrophages (and possibly mast cells), also contribute to the damage. (wikipedia.org)

The effect of nasal administration of the p210-CTB fusion protein on atherogenesis was compared with that of. (lu.se)
The effect of nasal administration of the p210-CTB fusion protein on atherogenesis was compared with that of an ovalbumin peptide fused to CTB and with untreated controls. (lu.se)
Tr1 cell-mediated protection against autoimmune disease by intranasal administration of a fusion protein targeting cDC1 cells. (mdbioproducts.com)

Fihurka O, Aradi S, Sava V, Sanchez-Ramos J. Key Features in the Design and Function of Nanocarriers for Intranasal Administration of Gene Therapy in Huntington Disease. (scientificarchives.com)
HD is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease for which several clinical trials have demonstrated gene-lowering effects following intrathecal administration. (scientificarchives.com)
The overall objective of this review is to discuss the key features in the design of nanocarriers for intranasal administration of gene-therapy for HD, focusing primarily on our series of published work on the use of nanocarriers for gene therapy. (scientificarchives.com)

The placenta is a heterogeneous organ whose development involves complex interactions of trophoblasts with decidual, vascular, and immune cells at the fetal-maternal interface. (nature.com)
Under physiological circumstances, the resistance of the endothelial cell lining to interactions with platelets and coagulation factors prevents thrombosis. (medscape.com)

Here we used a mouse (C57BL/6) model of environmental pollutant exposure by administration of a particulate matter (SRM1649b at 300 μg/day/mouse) suspension intra-nasally beginning 2 months before conception and during gestation, in comparison to saline-exposed controls. (nature.com)
Dymista (azelastine hydrochloride and fluticasone propionate) nasal spray is formulated as a white, uniform metered-spray suspension for intranasal administration. (rxlist.com)
After priming [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION ], each metered spray delivers a 0.137 mL mean volume of suspension containing 137 mcg of azelastine hydrochloride (equivalent to 125 mcg of azelastine base) and 50 mcg of fluticasone propionate. (rxlist.com)

Further investigation into the therapeutic window, optimal dosage, and clinical trials studying the administration of hMSC-EVs following TBI are necessary before translation into medical practice. (tamhsc.edu)
It also opens up the possibility of chronic stem cell treatment, which would increase the number of cells delivered to the brain and likely enhance the therapeutic benefit. (medicalnewstoday.com)

The hemostatic system consists of platelets, coagulation factors, and the endothelial cells lining the blood vessels. (medscape.com)

Tissues, including the placenta, are comprised of diverse cell types with distinguishable developmental or functional origin that form a complex niche 1 . (nature.com)
Following effective priming in lymph nodes, T cells traffic to tumors and other peripheral tissues. (frontiersin.org)
whereas T EM cells were shown to recirculate predominantly through blood, and peripheral tissues ( 10 ). (frontiersin.org)
In the early 2000's, large and persistent populations of antigen (Ag)-specific CD8 T cells in peripheral tissues were initially classified as T EM cells in recirculation from the blood ( 8 , 11 ). (frontiersin.org)
In physiology, respiration is defined as the transport of oxygen from the outside air to the cells within tissues, and the transport of carbon dioxide in the opposite direction. (absoluteastronomy.com)
CONCLUSION: The presence of olfactory nerves and supporting cells and the gaps between them in the olfactory epithelial tissues may have contributed to the higher permeation of atenolol, but this needs to be further investigated to elucidate the precise mechanism. (bvsalud.org)

Specifically, intranasal administration of hMSC-EVs enriched with microglia-modulating miRNAs effectively prevented the common secondary injuries in TBI. (tamhsc.edu)
Acquired immune system cells, specifically T-cells, are found at the site of lesions. (wikipedia.org)

Classical definitions of memory T cells derive from the belief that T cells localize and recirculate predominantly throughout the blood and secondary lymphoid organs ( 7 , 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
TLR9 agonist did neither significantly affect MVA-induced DC activation nor the induction of Spike-specific CD8+ T cells but reduced both number and size of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue. (bvsalud.org)
1. To be able to describe the role of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in Date of Original Release: April 2014. (cdc.gov)
NKT: Natural killer T innate lymphoid cells and their role in asthma. (cdc.gov)

Glucagon intranasal is indicated for severe hypoglycemic reactions in adults and children (aged 4 years or older) with diabetes. (medscape.com)

Streptozocin has a high affinity for neuroendocrine cells, inhibits cell proliferation, and is cytolytic. (medscape.com)

The study demonstrated that acute lung injury caused by cell death, hyperoxia, and the resulting pulmonary edema may be controlled by the Ang2 protein. (genengnews.com)
A full-length ACE2 protein may very well be a possible drug to dam early entry of SARS-CoV-2 into host cells. (aidstar-one.com)

Our results indicate a reduction in vascular placental cells, especially cells responsible for structural integrity, and increase in trophoblast proliferation in animals exposed to particulate matter. (nature.com)
Antineoplastic agents inhibit cell growth and proliferation. (medscape.com)

Loss of immune tolerance to autoantigens associated with a specific organ results in the activation of organ-specific T and B cells that in turn cause organ-specific inflammation and the development of autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) ( 5 ), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) ( 6 ), psoriasis ( 7 ), and type 1 diabetes (T1D) ( 8 ). (frontiersin.org)

Tumor development has been said to occur in three distinct steps: inefficient elimination of early transformed cells, development of a state of equilibrium between tumor cells and immune cells, and tumor escape from immune pressure ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
If it were possible to make tumor cells more sensitive, treatment would be more effective and gentler. (news-medical.net)

This effect was accompanied by induction of regulatory T cells that markedly suppressed effector T cells rechallenged with apoB-100 and increased numbers of interleukin (IL)-10(+) CD4(+) T cells. (lu.se)
In addition, suppressor immune cells such as FOXP3 + regulatory T cells (Tregs) exert dominant immune suppression to control autoreactive T and B cells. (frontiersin.org)

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare and progressive condition that occurs when nerve cells in the brain die. (medicalnewstoday.com)
According to Canuso, esketamine is an antimere of ketamine and a glutamate receptor modulator that can help restore synaptic connections in brain cells in people with major depressive disorder. (outsourcing-pharma.com)
The tagged PAS-CPPs-oxytocin showed distribution throughout the mouse brain following its IN administration. (neurosciencenews.com)
Effects of umbilical cord blood cells, and subtypes, to reduce neuroinflammation following perinatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. (umassmed.edu)
Multiple doses of umbilical cord blood cells improve long-term brain injury in the neonatal rat. (umassmed.edu)
The intranasal pathway has been proposed as a non-invasive alternative route to deliver therapeutics to the brain. (iozk.de)

Such memory T cells were traditionally defined as being comprised of both central memory (T CM ) and effector memory (T EM ) subsets ( 9 ). (frontiersin.org)

Regular use of an intranasal steroid spray may be more appropriate for patients with chronic symptoms. (medscape.com)

Overall primary concerns are: extrapolating human clinical studies, seeding durable effective T cell resident memory (Trm), population human leucocyte antigen (HLA) coverage, and the potential for T cell-mediated immune escape. (mdpi.com)
Upon i.m. injection of DNA vectors expressing Nef mut -derivatives, nanovesicles containing antigens fused with Nef mut are released by muscle cells, can freely circulate into the body, and can be internalized by antigen-presenting cells (APCs). (nature.com)
While innate immune cells are important for early tumor immune surveillance, T cells are fundamentally recognized for their crucial role in the antigen-specific recognition and elimination of malignantly transformed cells ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
T cell memory is antigen-specific, and can provide durable host-wide protection. (frontiersin.org)

Positively charged particles interact more effectively with cell membranes and are associated with a better immune response. (ondrugdelivery.com)

Anatomy29

Organisms29

Diseases28

Chemicals and Drugs79

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment62

Psychiatry and Psychology3

Phenomena and Processes35

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Health Care9

Vaccine20

Corticosteroids1

Bone marrow2

Systemic5

Vaccines5

Viral9

Stem cells8

Therapies5

Mice10

Respiratory6

Antibodies1

Mediators2

Dose3

Mucosal4

Efficacy1

Vaccination4

Formulations2

Responses4

Parenteral1

Drugs3

Receptors1

Intravenous1

Immunosuppressive1

Immunity7

Airway2

Intracerebroventricular1

Infection3

Route of administrat3

Immunotherapy2

Dendritic cells1

Delivery7

Mast cells1

Fusion protein3

Gene3

Interactions2

Suspension3

Therapeutic2

Endothelial cells1

Tissues6

Specifically2

Lymphoid4

Indicated for severe1

Inhibits1

Protein2

Proliferation2

Diseases1

Tumor cells2

Regulatory2

Brain6

Effector1

Symptoms1

Antigen4

Effectively1