AnatomyOrganismsChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth Care
Protein TransportBiological TransportGolgi ApparatusBiological Transport, ActiveMembrane Transport ProteinsEndoplasmic ReticulumBrefeldin AVesicular Transport ProteinsMolecular Sequence DataMembrane ProteinsCarrier ProteinsAmino Acid SequenceIntracellular MembranesAxonal TransportCathepsin ATransport VesiclesKineticsCoatomer ProteinCell MembraneSaccharomyces cerevisiaeIon TransportSaccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsVacuolesCell LineProteinsMutationFungal ProteinsPeasCyclopentanestrans-Golgi NetworkProtein Sorting Signalsrab2 GTP-Binding ProteinCell CompartmentationModels, BiologicalBacterial Proteinsrab GTP-Binding ProteinsBase SequenceRecombinant Fusion ProteinsProtein BindingProtein Processing, Post-TranslationalCells, CulturedEscherichia coliCOP-Coated VesiclesUteroglobinChloroplast ProteinsCytoplasmCloning, MolecularHeLa CellsHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMonosaccharide Transport ProteinsMicroscopy, ElectronThylakoidsbeta-FructofuranosidaseChloroplastsCoated VesiclesProtein BiosynthesisEndosomesCricetinaeCoat Protein Complex IProtein PrecursorsSequence Homology, Amino AcidElectron TransportAdenosine TriphosphateEndocytosisEndoplasmic Reticulum, RoughTemperatureOrganellesGreen Fluorescent Proteinsrab1 GTP-Binding ProteinsMembrane GlycoproteinsEscherichia coli ProteinsProtein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 2ADP-Ribosylation FactorsCarboxypeptidasesPlant ProteinsRecombinant ProteinsAdenosine TriphosphatasesMolecular WeightCell NucleusSubcellular FractionsElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelSodiumNuclear Pore Complex ProteinsProtein Structure, TertiaryADP-Ribosylation Factor 1GlycosylationRNA, MessengerMolecular ChaperonesActive Transport, Cell NucleusCytosolMasoprocolMicroscopy, FluorescenceCell Fractionationran GTP-Binding ProteinBlood Coagulation FactorsViral ProteinsPlasmidsTime FactorsBinding SitesLuminescent Proteins
MembranesMoleculesSignal TransductionMetabolismTRANSFER PROTEINSLipidsClass of membrane transporSubunitBiolEndoplasmicGeneBody'sGeneticsCellularCarrier ProteinsGenesNucleusEukaryotic cellsAmino acidsOxygenSynthesisActinBacteriaGlucoseVesiclesSpecific proteinsTissuesBiologyVitroFunctionSubstancesMitochondriaRegulatesNeuronsGeneticMetabolicCharacterizationKinaseTurnoverComplexAlbuminLipid transportMutationMammalianStructuralFunctionsMutationsTransmembraneNeuronal cellDegradationProcessesHomeostasisMicrotubulesGolgiProteomicsPlantMitosisCarbohydratesCell'sReagentsReceptor proteinAntibodiesBovineChromosomesUbiquitination2022
Membranes14
  • Guwahati: Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati researchers have shown how some specialised protein molecules found on the cell membranes of all biological cells carry carbohydrate molecules into cells from outside. (indiaeducationdiary.in)
  • They have studied specific protein molecules called ABC transporters, present in bacterial cell membranes and have shown that these transporters are selective about the type of carbohydrates they transport into cells. (indiaeducationdiary.in)
  • These carbohydrates are large molecules that cannot penetrate the membranes that surround the cell by themselves and depend on some special helpers or transporting molecules to carry them across. (indiaeducationdiary.in)
  • These special form of proteins present in the cell membranes of almost all living cells, capture the carbohydrates from outside the cell and deliver them into the cells. (indiaeducationdiary.in)
  • Lipids are the major constituents of all cell membranes and play dynamic roles in organelle structure and function. (centenary.org.au)
  • Tim50 is a subunit of the TIM23 complex that links protein translocation across the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes. (nih.gov)
  • They reasoned that special proteins must exist that would transport DNA across cell membranes. (scienceblogs.com)
  • The lack of proteins to transport iron across cell membranes is a primary cause of anemia, cystic fibrosis and certain types of heart disease. (cosmosmagazine.com)
  • Unless given IV, a drug must cross several semipermeable cell membranes before it reaches the systemic circulation. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Cell membranes are biologic barriers that selectively inhibit passage of drug molecules. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The un-ionized form is usually lipid soluble (lipophilic) and diffuses readily across cell membranes. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The ionized form has low lipid solubility (but high water solubility-ie, hydrophilic) and high electrical resistance and thus cannot penetrate cell membranes easily. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Transport of small molecules across membranes. (lu.se)
  • Protein translocation across membranes. (lu.se)
Molecules15
  • However, some bacteria have found ways to import molecules that increase solute concentrations inside the cell and grow despite high osmolyte concentrations in the environment. (rug.nl)
  • One of the largest classes of transporting molecules is the ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) transporter, which is widespread in all forms of life", says Dr. Kanaujia. (indiaeducationdiary.in)
  • Proteins are large, complex molecules that play many critical roles in the body. (medlineplus.gov)
  • These proteins bind and carry atoms and small molecules within cells and throughout the body. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Albumin is used in vitro to bind, sequester and stabilize a range of important small molecules and proteins. (sigmaaldrich.id)
  • Together, our work explains how Retro-2 prevents retrograde trafficking of toxins by inhibiting TA-protein targeting, describes a general CRISPR strategy for predicting the MOA of small molecules, and paves the way for drugging the TRC pathway to treat broad classes of viruses known to be inhibited by Retro-2. (elifesciences.org)
  • These proteins, which have similar structures, help transport molecules within cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Researchers believe that myosins use long filaments of actin as tracks along which to transport other molecules. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Myosin VIIA is also found in other parts of the retina, where it likely carries additional proteins and molecules that are important for vision. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Proteins are made up of long chains of molecules known as amino acids. (nih.gov)
  • The mutant gene makes RNA molecules that stick to a transport protein, RanGAP1. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • RanGAP1 in turn helps move molecules through nuclear pores that serve as passageways in the nucleus, letting proteins and genetic material flow in and out of it. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • The cell membrane is a lipid bilayer that contains a wide variety of molecules mostly proteins and lipids. (protopage.com)
  • We have unravelled the details of how these motors carry cargo through the crowded cell, using tools such as very precise laser tweezers, which enabled us to pull on single molecules to probe their function," Shubeita says. (natureasia.com)
  • Sometimes various globular proteins embedded in the matrix function as receptors and help transport molecules across the membrane. (msdmanuals.com)
Signal Transduction1
  • Phosphatidylinositol-(3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP 3 ), a product of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, is an important second messenger implicated in signal transduction and membrane transport. (silverchair.com)
Metabolism9
  • Promoters of genes associated with oxidative phosphorylation are preferentially remethylated at the 8-cell stage, suggesting that this mode of energy metabolism may not be favored. (nature.com)
  • The study was conducted by Oishee Chakrabarti, Ph.D. and Ramanujan S. Hegde, M.D., Ph.D., of the NICHD Cell Biology and Metabolism Program. (nih.gov)
  • Therapeutic approaches that target the metabolism of tumor cells have been a popular research topic in recent years. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • However, the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway in tumor cells has also been implicated in lung cancer metabolism. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Given the vast differences in metabolism between healthy and tumor cells, there is hope that selective targeting of tumor metabolism may be achieved while limiting toxicity to healthy tissue. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The most striking and characteristic metabolic alteration in cancer cells is anomalous glucose metabolism and cancer cells tend to utilize glycolysis to obtain energy even under aerobic conditions via a process called 'aerobic glycolysis' ( 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Protein kinase D regulates metabolism and growth by controlling secretion of insulin like peptide. (ncbs.res.in)
  • With a minimalist model of metabolism, cell growth and transcriptional regulation in a microorganism, we explore how the interaction between environmental conditions and gene regulation set the growth rate of cells in the phase of exponential growth. (lu.se)
  • A very natural place to study gene detecting and metabolizing lactose, it is known that the overall regulation is in the metabolism of the cell, and then specifically in effect of expressing the lac genes in vain is a drop in the growth rate the regulation of genes that code for enzymes and transporter of as much as 5% [1,6]. (lu.se)
TRANSFER PROTEINS2
  • Then, in these two decades, it has been elucidated that various lipids synthesized in the ER are rapidly and accurately delivered to other organelles by a variety of lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) at zones where the ER is in contact with other specific organelles. (centenary.org.au)
  • Emerging perspectives on multidomain phosphatidylinositol transfer proteins. (ncbs.res.in)
Lipids2
Class of membrane transpor1
Subunit2
  • Thus, mammalian cells respond to hypoxia by altering COX subunit composition, as previously observed in yeast, but by a completely different molecular mechanism. (nih.gov)
  • motifs of Protein Phosphatase 2A PR65/A subunit. (cellsignal.com)
Biol6
Endoplasmic3
Gene17
  • Sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC17A1 gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • Griscelli syndrome type 2 is caused by a defect in the RAB27A gene, which affects a melanosome-anchoring complex in melanocytes, affecting release of cytolytic granules from T cells and natural killer cells. (medscape.com)
  • CUL3 ASD-associated genetic variants are most often de novo missense or loss of function (loF) mutations, dispersed throughout the entire gene and affecting distinct protein domains. (nature.com)
  • The protein encoded by this gene may control steps in the cycling of proteins through the trans-Golgi network to endosomes, lysosomes and the plasma membrane. (nih.gov)
  • The MYO7A gene provides instructions for making a protein called myosin VIIA, which is part of a group of proteins called unconventional myosins. (medlineplus.gov)
  • DFNA11 is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means only one mutated copy of the MYO7A gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the condition. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Other genetic changes delete a small amount of DNA from critical regions of the MYO7A gene, which probably changes the structure of the protein. (medlineplus.gov)
  • DFNB2 is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the MYO7A gene are mutated in each cell. (medlineplus.gov)
  • I have expertise from gene characterization to protein engineering. (queensu.ca)
  • In 2015, Rothstein's team found out how a mutation in a gene - implicated in 40 percent of inherited ALS cases and 25 percent of inherited frontotemporal dementia cases - gums up transport in and out of the nucleus in neurons, ultimately shutting the cell down and leading to its death. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Gene expression refers to how often or when proteins are created from the instructions within your genes. (cdc.gov)
  • While genetic changes can alter which protein is made, epigenetic changes affect gene expression to turn genes "on" and "off. (cdc.gov)
  • Typically, this group is added to specific places on the DNA, where it blocks the proteins that attach to DNA to "read" the gene. (cdc.gov)
  • When histones are tightly packed together, proteins that 'read' the gene cannot access the DNA as easily, so the gene is turned "off. (cdc.gov)
  • When histones are loosely packed, more DNA is exposed or not wrapped around a histone and can be accessed by proteins that 'read' the gene, so the gene is turned "on. (cdc.gov)
  • Non-coding RNA helps control gene expression by attaching to coding RNA, along with certain proteins, to break down the coding RNA so that it cannot be used to make proteins. (cdc.gov)
  • The life cycle of a protein starts with a blueprint transcribed from a gene, followed by folding, which translates the blueprint to a three-dimensional structure that allows it to carry out its biological function, and ends with degradation. (cdc.gov)
Body's3
  • They do most of the work in cells and are required for the structure, function, and regulation of the body's tissues and organs. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The scientists, led by Martin Burke, discovered that hinokitiol acts as a "molecular prosthetic", transporting iron in the absence of the body's normal proteins. (cosmosmagazine.com)
  • A muscle cell has a structure that aids in your body's ability to move. (cdc.gov)
Genetics2
  • The essential biochemistry, genetics, cell biology, and metabolic pathways underlying the survival and success of all living organisms. (queensu.ca)
  • Due to its highly differentiated development and the amenability for reverse-genetics U. maydis provides a model system for both fungal cell biology as well as the study of biotrophic plant interaction. (uni-koeln.de)
Cellular11
  • E3 ubiquitin ligases regulate cellular protein composition by providing target recognition and specificity to the ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation pathway 12 . (nature.com)
  • CUL3 is a conserved protein of the Cullin family, comprising eight members, which contain a conserved cullin homology domain, named after its ability to select cellular proteins for degradation. (nature.com)
  • Easing cellular traffic jams may save brain cells. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Working with mouse, fly and human cells and tissue, Johns Hopkins researchers report new evidence that disruptions in the movement of cellular materials in and out of a cell's control center - the nucleus - appear to be a direct cause of brain cell death in Huntington's disease, an inherited adult neurodegenerative disorder. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Moreover, they suggest, laboratory experiments with drugs designed to clear up these cellular "traffic jams" restored normal transport in and out of the nucleus and saved the cells. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Microtubules serve as structural components within cells and are involved in many cellular processes including mitosis, cytokinesis, and vescular transport. (protopage.com)
  • It surrounds the cytoplasm of a cell, and physically separates the inner cellular components from the outter cellular enviroment. (protopage.com)
  • A human stem cell resource to decipher the biochemical and cellular basis of neurodevelopmental defects in Lowe Syndrome. (ncbs.res.in)
  • Animal and plant cells depend on motor proteins to transport cellular cargo needed for driving processes, such as protein homeostasis, that are vital to cellular function. (natureasia.com)
  • When a cell is perturbed, it responds by altering expressing levels of specific proteins and adjusting cellular functions in response to the new environmental stimuli. (cdc.gov)
  • The cell cycle and cellular differentiation in bacteria. (lu.se)
Carrier Proteins1
  • Most of the circulating testosterone is bound to carrier proteins (sex hormone-binding globulin [SHBG], and albumin). (cdc.gov)
Genes7
  • Non-coding RNA may also recruit proteins to modify histones to turn genes "on" or "off. (cdc.gov)
  • All your cells have the same genes but look and act differently. (cdc.gov)
  • Epigenetics allows the muscle cell to turn "on" genes to make proteins important for its job and turn "off" genes important for a nerve cell's job. (cdc.gov)
  • It has paved the way for studying how genes regulate the most basic functions of the cell, including what proteins to produce and how to make them. (cdc.gov)
  • Proteomics is highly linked to genomics, since the blueprint for each protein is inscribed on an organism's genes. (cdc.gov)
  • In 2014, scientists developed a draft map of the human proteome , which catalogued proteins encoded by over 17,000 human genes, or about 84% of all protein-coding genes in the human genome. (cdc.gov)
  • Here, the function of regulation is quite clear: expressing energy and carbon, that a number around 0.2% would be the right genes at the right time will enable the cell to make the expected, and that the difference is more or less specific to the lac most of the resources within its reach, by maximizing the uptake operon [7]. (lu.se)
Nucleus7
  • A eukaryotic cell is a cell with a nucleus, which contains the cell's chromosomes. (jrank.org)
  • In addition to having a nucleus, eukaryotic cells differ from prokaryotic cells in being larger and much more structurally and functionally complex. (jrank.org)
  • The jellylike material outside the cell nucleus in which the organelles are located. (enchantedlearning.com)
  • The nucleus controls many of the functions of the cell (by controlling protein synthesis) and contains DNA (in chromosomes). (enchantedlearning.com)
  • The nucleus of the plant cell is on the inside of the plant cell in most opinions is the brain and power behind the cell. (protopage.com)
  • The nucleus holds the DNA and protein. (protopage.com)
  • The nucleolus is a sub-organelle of the cell nucleus though itself is a nucleus. (protopage.com)
Eukaryotic cells4
  • Plants, animals, protists, and fungi have eukaryotic cells, unlike the Eubacteria and Archaea , whose cells do not have nuclei and are therefore termed prokaryotic. (jrank.org)
  • Eukaryotic cells contain subcompartments called organelles, which carry out specialized reactions within their boundaries. (jrank.org)
  • Eukaryotic cells destroy many endocytosed pathogens by targeting them to the lysosome. (elifesciences.org)
  • They are usually found in all eukaryotic cells. (protopage.com)
Amino acids11
Oxygen6
  • Just like real blood cells the pretenders can squeeze through spaces much smaller than their own diameter and absorb and release substances to order, including oxygen. (newscientist.com)
  • One of the proteins Mitragotri added to the surface of the imitation blood cells was haemoglobin, the molecule that binds to oxygen in the lungs, later releasing it elsewhere in the body. (newscientist.com)
  • Hemoglobin , another protein, transports oxygen to every cell. (medicinenet.com)
  • In the 1920s, Otto Heinrich Warburg discovered that cancer cells, unlike normal cells, use the glycolytic pathway to obtain energy for growth even in the presence of oxygen, which is a phenomenon known as 'aerobic glycolysis' or the Warburg effect ( 9 ), and aerobic glycolysis is a common metabolic phenotype in NSCLC ( 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Iron is vital to the function of red blood cells, which transport oxygen around the body. (cosmosmagazine.com)
  • In the human body, iron is present in all cells and has several vital functions -- as a carrier of oxygen to the tissues from the lungs in the form of hemoglobin (Hb), as a facilitator of oxygen use and storage in the muscles as myoglobin, as a transport medium for electrons within the cells in the form of cytochromes, and as an integral part of enzyme reactions in various tissues. (cdc.gov)
Synthesis2
  • Small organelles composed of RNA-rich cytoplasmic granules that are sites of protein synthesis. (enchantedlearning.com)
  • Studies of the human proteome have enabled scientists to track protein synthesis, modification, and degradation over time and across different cell types. (cdc.gov)
Actin2
  • Furthermore, we found that Pls3 cell-autonomously regulates cell migration by regulating actin cytoskeleton organization, and its levels are inversely proportional to neural migration speed. (nature.com)
  • Myosins interact with actin, a protein that is important for cell movement and shape. (medlineplus.gov)
Bacteria3
  • The result is that water flows out of these bacteria until concentrations are approximately equal, leaving behind shrivelled cells that can no longer grow. (rug.nl)
  • Based on the preliminary analysis of the ABC transport systems of the bacteria we chose, we hypothesized that it would have different affinities for different carbohydrates", says Dr. Kanaujia. (indiaeducationdiary.in)
  • PEPCF expresses proteins in bacteria, insect and mammalian cells and uses a variety of chromatographic and biophysical techniques for protein purification and characterization. (embl.org)
Glucose7
Vesicles3
  • We show that guanylate kinase-associated kinesin (GAKIN), a kinesin-like motor protein, directly interacts with a PIP 3 -interacting protein, PIP 3 BP, and mediates the transport of PIP 3 -containing vesicles. (silverchair.com)
  • The golgi body packages proteins and carbohydrates into membrane-bound vesicles for "export" from the cell. (enchantedlearning.com)
  • These molecular motors are specialized proteins that bind to cargo, vesicles and organelles, and 'step' along thin microtubules, which are much like a network of roads in a city. (natureasia.com)
Specific proteins1
  • By using antibodies with glowing markers that bind to specific proteins and viewing the neurons under the microscope, Grima saw that the mutant Huntingtin protein clumped up in the same location of the cell as abnormal clumps of RanGAP1, the nuclear transport protein. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Tissues5
  • Messenger proteins, such as some types of hormones, transmit signals to coordinate biological processes between different cells, tissues, and organs. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The resulting infiltration of tissues by the leukocytes, plasma proteins, and fluid causes the redness, swelling, and pain that are characteristic of inflammation. (medscape.com)
  • Proteins are vital to making and repairing tissues like bone, muscles, and skin. (medicinenet.com)
  • BCAAs are metabolized in tissues and used to form proteins.They are rapidly available to tissues for their needs after absorption. (medicinenet.com)
  • A novel mass assay to measure phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate from cells and tissues. (ncbs.res.in)
Biology8
  • This protein family is one of the largest known in biology. (rug.nl)
  • The textbook Molecular Biology of the Cell (4th edition, 2002), from the NCBI Bookshelf, offers a detailed introduction to protein function . (medlineplus.gov)
  • He did his postdoctoral research in the Department of Biochemistry & Cell Biology at the National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan for 10 years after which he became the Chief in Laboratory of Cell Function. (centenary.org.au)
  • In 2006, he became the Director of Department of Biochemistry & Cell Biology. (centenary.org.au)
  • Cell biology of corn smut disease - Ustilago maydis as a model for biotrophic interactions. (uni-koeln.de)
  • The present article highlights key findings in different aspects of cell biology on the corn smut disease and provides an outlook on the most intriguing open questions. (uni-koeln.de)
  • Head: Karin Stenkula My research group is focused on experimental cell biology research within the diabetes and obesity field. (lu.se)
  • Molecular Biology of the Cell. (lu.se)
Vitro2
  • Cell-based and in vitro assays show that Retro-2 blocks delivery of newly-synthesized TA-proteins to the ER-targeting factor ASNA1 (TRC40). (elifesciences.org)
  • The transport of beads by teams of kinesin motors in vitro was slower in a crowded medium. (natureasia.com)
Function11
  • The protein is a dynamic structure, as it changes conformation to suit the function, but the different parts also vibrate on their own,' explains Poolman. (rug.nl)
  • The protein primarily responds to ionic strength, which varies as a function of osmotic stress, but it uses cyclic di-AMP as a second brake to completely stop importing glycine betaine and prevent the cell from exploding under non-stress conditions. (rug.nl)
  • We designed a genetic screen to identify proteins required for the development and specialized function of pDCs. (nih.gov)
  • You need protein for almost every function and structure of your body. (medicinenet.com)
  • Recent studies found that the protein likely retains enough function in the retina to allow for normal vision, but not enough function in the inner ear to permit normal hearing. (medlineplus.gov)
  • When this happens, the incorrectly folded protein takes the wrong shape, cannot function properly, and as a consequence, is sometimes relegated to a different part of the cell. (nih.gov)
  • Phospholipid transport protein function at organelle contact sites. (ncbs.res.in)
  • The TIM17.23 preprotein translocase of mitochondria: composition and function in protein transport into the matrix. (nih.gov)
  • As you grow and develop, epigenetics helps determine which function a cell will have, for example, whether it will become a heart cell, nerve cell, or skin cell. (cdc.gov)
  • New insights into the genome have led to the emergence of proteomics , the study of the structure and function of an individual's entire set of expressed proteins. (cdc.gov)
  • The structure and function of prokaryotic cells. (lu.se)
Substances3
  • They start out as spherical cells which then collapse into mature red blood cells following exposure to various substances. (newscientist.com)
  • The fake cells also seem to share red blood cells' ability to transport substances. (newscientist.com)
  • The cell membrane is semipermeable, allowing some substances to pass into the cell and blocking others. (enchantedlearning.com)
Mitochondria4
  • METHOD: Both genetic and functional alterations in mitochondria can lead to errors that trigger programmed cell death, which in turn give rise to a number of diseases that affect the nervous system. (lu.se)
  • In plant cells, ATP is produced in the cristae of mitochondria and chloroplasts. (enchantedlearning.com)
  • However, in recent years, there has been increasing evidence that metformin exerts its anticancer effects through the inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) of tumor cell mitochondria, and metabolic pathways based on metformin targeting have only recently become the focus of intensive research. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The Mitochondria holds the DNA and the RNA of the plant cell. (protopage.com)
Regulates3
  • At the molecular level, Cul3 regulates cytoskeletal and adhesion protein abundance in mouse embryos. (nature.com)
  • Together, these results suggest that, in neurons, the GAKIN-PIP 3 BP complex transports PIP 3 to the neurite ends and regulates neuronal polarity formation. (silverchair.com)
  • Tim50, a component of the mitochondrial translocator, regulates mitochondrial integrity and cell death. (nih.gov)
Neurons5
  • In PC12 cells and cultured hippocampal neurons, transport activity of GAKIN contributes to the accumulation of PIP 3 at the tip of neurites. (silverchair.com)
  • Mice with a p.A512P variant show postnatal lethality with decreased brain size, increased neuronal cell death, ataxia, accumulation of lysosomes and autophagosomes in cortical and pyramidal neurons, and reduced synaptic connectivity. (jax.org)
  • Nuclear transport protein RanGAP1 (red) clumps up with mutant Huntingtin protein (green) in neurons. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • In the featured article published online on April 5 in Neuron , the researchers also conclude that potential treatments targeting the transport disruptions they identified in Huntington's disease neurons may also work for other neurodegenerative diseases, such as ALS and forms of dementia. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Because of such clues from others' research, Grima took on the task of investigating whether problems with nuclear transport and the nuclear pores also happened in neurons with Huntington's disease. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Genetic3
  • CRISPRi genetic interaction analysis revealed Retro-2 activity resembles disruption of the transmembrane domain recognition complex (TRC) pathway, which mediates post-translational ER-targeting and insertion of tail-anchored (TA) proteins, including SNAREs required for retrograde transport. (elifesciences.org)
  • Many of these genetic changes alter a single protein building block (amino acid) in critical regions of the myosin VIIA protein. (medlineplus.gov)
  • A Genetic Screen in Drosophila To Identify Novel Regulation of Cell Growth by Phosphoinositide Signaling. (ncbs.res.in)
Metabolic2
  • The enzymes that run all metabolic processes of your body are proteins. (medicinenet.com)
  • Certain metabolic alterations, also referred to as metabolic reprogramming, are commonly observed in tumor cells and are proposed to be hallmarks of cancer ( 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Characterization3
  • The paper contains several other findings and achievements, including characterization of the first ever protein structures containing transuranic elements and how use of the protein can sensitize the metal's luminescence, which could lead to potential medical and industrial applications. (sciencedaily.com)
  • We also offer biophysical support for protein quality control, protein characterization and various types of interaction studies. (embl.org)
  • Apart from characterization of the conjugates used for these immunoassays, the choice of the carrier protein and the dNCO used are important parameters that can influence the detection of dNCO-specific antibodies. (cdc.gov)
Kinase6
  • It has been reported that lung cancer cells exhibit upregulated expression of all key glycolytic enzymes [hexokinase 2 (HK2), phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase (PK)] ( 13 ), suggesting that the essential enzymes of the aerobic glycolytic pathway have a critical role in the development of lung carcinoma. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • PI3P-dependent regulation of cell size and autophagy by phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate 4-kinase. (ncbs.res.in)
  • Septins tune lipid kinase activity and PI(4,5)P turnover during G-protein-coupled PLC signalling in vivo. (ncbs.res.in)
  • Emerging cell biological functions of phosphatidylinositol 5 phosphate 4 kinase. (ncbs.res.in)
  • Image analysis of the matched maps identified 7 proteins that were either over- or down-expressed: activated protein kinase c receptor (LACK), alpha tubulin (×2), prostaglandin f2-alpha synthase, protein disulfide isomerase, vesicular transport protein and a hypothetical protein. (who.int)
  • L'analyse d'image des cartes appariées a permis d'identifier sept protéines qui étaient soit surexprimées, soit sous-exprimées : le récepteur de la protéine kinase C activée, la tubuline alpha (×2), la prostaglandine F2-alpha synthase, la protéine disulfide isomérase, une protéine du transport vésiculaire et une protéine hypothétique. (who.int)
Turnover1
  • The turnover of proteins is one of the cell's most essential processes and is necessary for responding to external stimuli and for maintaining homeostasis . (cdc.gov)
Complex2
  • Molecular basis of mRNA transport by a kinesin-1-atypical tropomyosin complex. (embl.org)
  • A PI4KIIIα protein complex is required for cell viability during Drosophila wing development. (ncbs.res.in)
Albumin1
  • Human serum albumin (HSA) is the most common carrier protein used for detection of dNCO specific-IgE and -IgG but the immunogenicity and/or antigenicity of other proteins that may be modified by dNCO in vivo is not well documented. (cdc.gov)
Lipid transport2
Mutation2
  • The identification of the feeble mutation led to our subsequent observations that AP-3, as well as the BLOC-1 and BLOC-2 Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome proteins are essential for pDC signaling through TLR7 and TLR9. (nih.gov)
  • Huntington's disease is caused by a mutation in the Huntingtin protein, resulting in too many repeats of the amino acid glutamine in the protein's sequence, making the protein sticky and clumpy. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Mammalian3
  • The facility expresses and purifies proteins from E. coli , insect cells and mammalian cells. (embl.org)
  • In mammalian cells, ceramide is newly synthesized in the ER and converted to sphingomyelin in the distal Golgi regions. (centenary.org.au)
  • Here we demonstrate that in mammalian cells, expression of the COX4-1 and COX4-2 isoforms is O(2) regulated. (nih.gov)
Structural2
  • The cell wall is a fairly rigid layer surrounding a cell, located external to the cell membrane, which provides the cell with structural support, protection, and acts as a filtering mechanism. (protopage.com)
  • Structural organization of RDGB (retinal degeneration B), a multi-domain lipid transfer protein: a molecular modelling and simulation based approach. (ncbs.res.in)
Functions1
  • Upon correct folding, proteins are transported to specific locations within cells where they can perform their various functions. (nih.gov)
Mutations3
  • Most of the mutations that cause DFNA11 alter a single protein building block (amino acid) in myosin VIIA, resulting in an abnormal protein that does not work properly. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Additionally, he realized that other researchers previously showed that mutations in the nuclear pore protein NUP62 caused Huntington's disease-like pathology. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • This finding was quite tantalizing given the fact that mutations in the NUP62 protein were shown by other researchers to cause an infantile form of Huntington's disease called infantile bilateral striatal necrosis," says Grima. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Transmembrane1
  • Predicted to enable protein transmembrane transporter activity. (nih.gov)
Neuronal cell1
  • Combined Dendritic and Axonal Deterioration Are Responsible for Motoneuronopathy in Patient-Derived Neuronal Cell Models of Chorea-Acanthocytosis. (nih.gov)
Degradation1
  • Despite the well-understood process of CUL3-mediated protein ubiquitination and degradation 12 , its target proteins in the developing central nervous system and its role in brain development remain utterly understudied. (nature.com)
Processes4
  • However, robust and large-scale genome-wide reprogramming of DNA methylome occurs during two critical developmental processes: (1) development of primordial germ cells and (2) pre-implantation embryogenesis. (nature.com)
  • ATP-driven processes of peroxisomal matrix protein import. (ruhr-uni-bochum.de)
  • The current methods for determining a DNA sequence rely on mimicking the processes used in nature to replicate DNA and copy chromosomes before cells divide. (scienceblogs.com)
  • By cataloguing the molecular processes by which cells maintain and modify protein levels, proteomic studies offer another dimension of information that may help advance our understanding of health and disease. (cdc.gov)
Homeostasis1
  • Identification of proteins interacting with the mitochondrial small heat shock protein Hsp22 of Drosophila melanogaster: Implication in mitochondrial homeostasis. (nih.gov)
Microtubules2
Golgi2
Proteomics3
  • Some challenges for translating proteomics include technical issues in measuring proteomic markers, identifying clinically useful markers in patient samples, the need for large sample sizes to be able to distinguish protein variability among samples, and challenges in implementing strict protocols for sample handling. (cdc.gov)
  • ABSTRACT In order to define the protein expressional changes related to the process of meglumine antimoniate resistance in anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), we performed a comparative proteomics analysis on sensitive and resistant strains of Leishmania tropica isolated from Iranian CL patients. (who.int)
  • The study shows the usefulness of proteomics in identifying proteins that may express differences between sensitive and resistant L. tropica isolates. (who.int)
Plant10
Mitosis1
  • During cell division (mitosis), the centrosome divides and the two parts move to opposite sides of the dividing cell. (enchantedlearning.com)
Carbohydrates6
  • Table sugar and starch are only two of the numerous carbohydrates that are used by the cells, and they have to be preferentially taken into the cell. (indiaeducationdiary.in)
  • Is the ABC transport system in this bacterium inherently selective to specific carbohydrates or does it have no such preference? (indiaeducationdiary.in)
  • To validate this hypothesis, the team used X-ray crystallography techniques to determine the three-dimensional crystal structure of the ABC transport system connected to various types of carbohydrates having different kinds of glycosidic bonds. (indiaeducationdiary.in)
  • These are interesting results in that they offer a better understanding of how carbohydrates are taken into cells. (indiaeducationdiary.in)
  • Defective transport of carbohydrates into cells is associated with a range of disorders, including cystic fibrosis, hypercholesterolaemia and diabetes. (indiaeducationdiary.in)
  • This action preserves protein at the expense of other substrates like fat and carbohydrates. (medicinenet.com)
Cell's1
  • Rather than being on the cell's surface, some PrP is exposed to the cytoplasm, the gelatinous interior of the cell. (nih.gov)
Reagents2
  • Quality control of protein reagents for the improvement of research data reproducibility. (embl.org)
  • We provide bovine and human serum albumins and transport protein reagents for diverse applications, including cell culture, protein quantitation, and antibody-related studies. (sigmaaldrich.id)
Receptor protein1
Antibodies2
  • Antibodies and cell lines. (jneurosci.org)
  • dNCO-haptenated proteins have been used as immunogens for generation of dNCO-specific antibodies and as antigens to screen for dNCO-specific antibodies in exposed individuals. (cdc.gov)
Bovine1
  • Our preliminary study using 2D isolates were recovered from liq- new cases throughout the world cu- gel electrophoresis in drug sensitive/ uid nitrogen, and sub-cultured in taneous leishmaniasis (CL) remains resistant strains of L. tropica showed RPMI1640 medium (Gibco/BRL) a serious public health problem in that some proteins were differentially supplemented with 10% fetal bovine numerous countries [1,2]. (who.int)
Chromosomes1
Ubiquitination1
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