Cell cell cell and germ cell differentiation germ cells plant. Medical search. Frequent questions

Hypogonadism is the condition in which the production of sex hormones and germ cells (sperm and eggs) is inadequate. (encyclopedia.com)
Gonads are the principal reproductive organs that are involved in sexual differentiation wherein they are involved in the production of sex hormones and gametes. (peerj.com)

This book covers the following topics: Ontogeny, The cell and cell division, The germ cells and theib formation, Maturation, Fertilization, Cleavage, The germ cells and the processes of differentiation, heredity and sex determination, The blastxtla, gastrula and germ layers. (freebookcentre.net)
Despite occurring more frequently at maturation divisions, somatic cells are equally susceptible to mutation. (agrilearner.com)
CD19 antigen is present on human B lymphocytes at most sTages of maturation, from the earliest Ig gene rearrangement in pro-B cells to mature cell, as well as malignant B cells, but is lost on maturation to plasma cells. (bio2009.org)
Our granulosa-like cells form ovary-like organoids (ovaroids) when aggregated with hPGCLCs, and recapitulate key ovarian phenotypes including support of germ cell maturation, follicle formation, and steroidogenesis. (biorxiv.org)

Leo W. Buss (1987) in a pioneering monograph has explored the transition from unicellular to multicellular organisms in great detail, and has exemplified how the competition among cells for differential propagation by fission created obstacles to the emergence of multicellular organisms with cellular differentiation (i.e., division of labor). (ac.be)
Animals are generally considered to be multicellular organisms that are capable of locomotion in response to their environment (motile), are required to ingest or eat and swallow other organisms to gain proper nutrition (heterotropic), contain within each cell genetic material organized as two sets of chromosomes within a membrane-bound nucleus ( eukaryotic ), develop through a blastula (hollow ball) stage, and integrate muscle tissue, nervous tissue, and collagen into their body. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
For a long time, living organisms were divided only into the animal kingdom (Animalia) and the plant kingdom (Plantae). (newworldencyclopedia.org)
These were distinguished based on such characteristics as whether the organisms moved, had body parts, and took nourishment from the outside (animals), or were stationary and able to produce their own food by photosynthesis (plants). (newworldencyclopedia.org)
However, many organisms remained difficult to classify as plant or animal, and seemed to fit both, or neither, kingdom. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
They are heterotrophic (unable to synthesize their own food by photosynthesis or chemosynthesis, and feed by consuming other organisms), which separates them from plants and algae . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Sir John Bertrand Gurdon further developed nuclear transplantation, the technique used to clone organisms and to create stem cells, while working in Britain in the second half of the twentieth century. (asu.edu)
The key to the secret of life's success in populating the Earth with ever larger, more complex and capable organisms is found in the ability of its ability of trillions upon trillions of cells, organisms, and communities of organisms to self-organize into complex sub-systems of cyclical processes that link reactions requiring energy with those that yield energy. (davidkorten.org)
Each cell, organism, and community of organisms maintains its own identity and health while contributing to the life of the whole. (davidkorten.org)
Energy flows continuously and simultaneously in a never-ending dance of cooperative exchange between the substructures of each individual cell, between the cells of multi-celled organisms, between the multi-celled organisms of individual ecosystems, and between the ecosystems of a living planet. (davidkorten.org)
[7] The complex cell signaling pathways of multicellular organisms such as plants and humans can make understanding the mechanisms of this inherited process very difficult. (cloudfront.net)
The book is a compilation of cutting edge views of current trends in modern developmental biology, focusing on gametogenesis, fertilization, early and/or late embryogenesis in animals, plants, and some other small organisms. (freebookcentre.net)
The potential immortality paradigm sees some cells as potentially immortal, especially unicellular organisms, germ cells and cancerous cells. (sheldrake.org)
It is more common in single celled organisms, some plants and animals. (iitianacademy.com)
They are small, single cell organisms called prokaryotes that do not contain a nucleus and are usually found in very large groups because they can quickly multiply. (termpaperwarehouse.com)
Unicellular for those cells that are derived from human organisms are primed to replicate (clone) pre-embryos, which seem to have a high themselves by nature. (who.int)

In 2011, research revealed that cells may differentiate not into a fully totipotent cell, but instead into a "complex cellular variation" of totipotency. (wikipedia.org)
In addition to being found in plants, IP6 is contained within almost all mammalian cells, where it is important in regulating vital cellular functions such as signal transduction, cell proliferation, and differentiation. (naturalnews.com)
Reductions in cellular proliferation were observed in both cell lines. (naturalnews.com)
Researchers concluded that IP6 decreased cellular growth of these cells by pro-apoptotic mechanisms. (naturalnews.com)
The path from multicellularity to cellular differentiation, however, proved a far less porous filter. (ac.be)
Of the 17 multicellular taxa, only 3 groups the plants, the fungi, and the animals have developed cellular differentiation in more than a handful of species. (ac.be)
Taming the fierce roller: an 'enhanced' understanding of cellular differentiation in Volvox. (bio.net)
Cellular communication: Regulation of hematopoiesis, general principles of cell communication, cell adhesion and roles of different adhesion molecules, gap junctions, extracellular matrix, integrins, neurotransmission and its regulation. (pathfinderacademy.in)
In 1974, I published a paper in Nature on the ageing growth and death of cells in which I put forward a new hypothesis that accounts for many of the facts of cellular senescence and regeneration in plants and in animals. (sheldrake.org)
If so, our understanding of cellular senescence, rejuvenation and potential immortality could be brought together in a new synthesis, which I call the cellular rejuvenation hypothesis: damaged cell constituents build up in all cells, but cells can be rejuvenated either by growth and cell division or, in 'immortal' cell lines, by excreting damaged cell constituents. (sheldrake.org)
The ageing and death of cells in higher plants and higher animals are discussed in relation to cellular rejuvenation by growth and division. (sheldrake.org)
Cellular immunology, T cell immunity, autoimmune diseases: The immune system plays a fundamental role in the defense against microbial pathogens. (utsa.edu)
Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation plays a key role in a wide range of cellular responses including DNA repair chromatin modification control of transcription and cell death [7-9]. (bio2009.org)
Similarly, in specific cases, such as cancers, viral infections and in certain cell-types during normal development, mutations and other structural variations within the genome also influences cellular functions. (confex.com)
To understand how the genome and epigenome regulates cellular function, development of high-throughput sequencing methods, known as next-generation sequencing, are beginning to unravel genome-wide correlations between the genome, epigenome and transcriptome within a large population of cells or tissues. (confex.com)
Thus, my research interests are to develop novel single-cell genomics methods to better understand how changes in the epigenetic landscape during normal development regulates cellular differentiation, information that is critical towards realizing the full potential of regenerative medicine. (confex.com)

CD19 is a critical signal transduction molecule that regulates B lymphocyte development, activation and differentiation. (bio2009.org)

Stem cells resembling totipotent blastomeres from 2-cell stage embryos can arise spontaneously in mouse embryonic stem cell cultures and also can be induced to arise more frequently in vitro through down-regulation of the chromatin assembly activity of CAF-1. (wikipedia.org)
DNA is wrapped into a DNA-protein complex called chromatin in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. (cloudfront.net)
Germ cell chromatin is vastly different from that of other cells. (i-sis.org.uk)
The maintenance phase often involves a plethora of non-DNA sequence specific chromatin cofactors that set up and maintain chromatin states through cell division and for extended periods of time-sometimes in the absence of the initial transcription factors 3 . (nature.com)

Of these, three miRNAs were differentially expressed miRNAs and 18 miRNAs involved in sexual differentiation as determined by functional analysis with GO annotation and KEGG pathway analysis. (peerj.com)

In addition to the arresting of cell proliferation, this process also induces the differentiation of malignant cells. (naturalnews.com)
Somehow the germ cells exchange proliferation by fission within the organism for reproduction by seed across generations, and the specialized somatic cells gain in reproductive opportunities by fission within the organism. (ac.be)
Adaptive distribution of such specialized cell proliferation requires additional controls. (ac.be)
Effects of chloroplast DNA content on the cell proliferation and aging in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (bio.net)
For culturing of adherent cells, a range is limited within a scaffold in which the cells grow during the course of their division and proliferation, and therefore with continued proliferation it is unavoidable that they eventually reach the limit of proliferation in the scaffold. (justia.com)
Animal miRNA are involved in neuronal cell fate, cell proliferation and differentiation, metabolism, aging, apoptosis and organ morphogenesis, suggest that miRNAs are particularly critical in the development, health, and aging of animals ( Ameres & Zamore, 2013 ). (peerj.com)

In mouse primordial germ cells, genome-wide reprogramming leading to totipotency involves erasure of epigenetic imprints. (wikipedia.org)
This pathway entails erasure of CpG methylation (5mC) in primordial germ cells via the initial conversion of 5mC to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), a reaction driven by high levels of the ten-eleven dioxygenase enzymes TET-1 and TET-2. (wikipedia.org)

Apoptosis (necessary programmed cell death) of the adenocarcinoma cells was increased. (naturalnews.com)
Apoptosis Programmed Cell Death (PCD). (agemed.org)
Signals to trigger apoptosis may come from within the cell or from outside, by stimulating suicide receptors in the cell's external membrane. (agemed.org)
Internal signals producing apoptosis depend on interactions of several proteins and may serve to protect the organism from cancer by killing cells that have pre-cancerous changes. (agemed.org)

Similarly, between fertilization and seed formation, plants undergo numerous cell divisions and differentiation to form specialized tissue layers. (sdbcore.org)
Cancer A clonal growth (cells all descended from one ancestral cell) that undergo continuing mitotic divisions and are not inhibited in their growth when they come in contact with neighboring cells (contact inhibition). (agemed.org)
Cells of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae undergo polarized growth and oriented cell division in a spatial pattern by selecting a specific bud site. (bvsalud.org)

Reproductive cloning versus germ cell (egg, ovum). (who.int)

Project: Developing novel single-cell genomics methods to quantify cell-to-cell heterogeneity in cancers and stem cells. (confex.com)
One of the greatest controversies triggered tissue, a stem cell encoding for heart tissue by the rapid pace of evolution in biology, will eventually develop into heart tissue particularly in genomics and biotechnology, and so on. (who.int)

In order for epigenetic marks to be heritable, however, they must occur in the gametes in animals, but since plants lack a definitive germline and can propagate, epigenetic marks in any tissue can be heritable. (cloudfront.net)
However, the full promise of regenerative medicine has been difficult to achieve so far, partly due to our incomplete understanding of the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms regulating differentiation of stem cells to specific lineages and tissues. (confex.com)
Because tissues are composed of several cell-types and even cells within the same cell-type have been shown to display dramatic cell-to-cell variability in gene expression, bulk measurements obscure quantification of how genetic or epigenetic features directly influence the function of individual cells. (confex.com)
To overcome this limitation, recent advances in molecular biology have enabled genome-wide single-cell measurements of the transcriptome, genome or certain epigenetic marks that capture this cell-to-cell heterogeneity. (confex.com)
Further, while cell-to-cell heterogeneity in gene expression has been shown to drive dramatic phenotypic variations, the upstream epigenetic mechanisms regulating this heterogeneity remain largely unknown 8 . (confex.com)
Fig. 1: Epigenetic mechanisms that maintain cell identities during development and throughout life. (nature.com)
Epigenetic components (for example, Polycomb PRC1/2 and Trithorax group proteins) maintain the 'off' states of certain genes and the 'on' states of others, in a cell-type- and time-specific manner (the bottom panels show three genes, depicted schematically as chromatinized templates, in which transcription is triggered by specific transcription factors and silent or active states are maintained by PRC1/2 or Trithorax proteins, respectively). (nature.com)

Gurdon's research built on the work of Thomas King and Robert Briggs in the United States, who in 1952 published findings that indicated that scientists could take a nucleus from an early embryonic cell and successfully transfer it into an unfertilized and enucleated egg cell. (asu.edu)
Wu then performed immunoprecipitation experiments, which use antibodies to identify protein interactions in the cell nucleus. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
When the nucleus of a stem cell has been the technique of cloning. (who.int)
The con- is removed and replaced by a nucleus of cept of human cloning has long been in the another cell type, the stem cell will then imagination of many scientists, scholars and be reprogrammed to produce the product fiction writers [ 1 ]. (who.int)

Mechanochemical Principles of Spatial and Temporal Patterns in Cells and Tissues. (mpi-cbg.de)
Patterns are ubiquitous in living systems and underlie the dynamic organization of cells, tissues, and embryos. (mpi-cbg.de)
Other tissues besides the germ line are affected by these mutations. (agrilearner.com)
Plants, on the other hand, constantly form new organs and tissues, which might help them avoid the whole-plant senescence process. (bibliotecapleyades.net)
2. Tracheophyta (vascular plants, higher plants): This group consists of plants that have a vascular system, i.e., xylem and phloem (water/mineral and food-conducting tissues, respectively). (tripod.com)
More specifically, regenerative medicine has recently emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for treating degenerating tissues using different types of stem cells. (confex.com)
The stem cells suits human needs, does not cause harm and can be obtained from both adult and fetal does not conflict with religious beliefs, it has tissues, umbilical cord and early embryos. (who.int)

They hypothesized that IP6 would inhibit the cell growth rate of Barrett's adenocarcinoma in vitro. (naturalnews.com)
They hypothesized that IP6 would significantly inhibit cell growth of cutaneous melanoma in vitro. (naturalnews.com)
They hypothesized that IP6 would significantly inhibit cell growth and increase the apoptotic rate of pancreatic cancer in vitro. (naturalnews.com)
Hence, bottom-up in vitro cell-free assays are well suited to dissect the roles and behavior of septins in a controlled environment. (bvsalud.org)

Normal migration of these germ cells may cause gonadal tumors, whereas abnormal migration produces extragonadal tumors. (medscape.com)
In 1965, Teilum first suggested the germ cell origin of gonadal tumors. (medscape.com)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous short non-coding RNA molecules that can post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression and play a critical role in gonadal differentiation as well as early development of animals. (peerj.com)

We are testing the hypothesis that specific transcription factors form regulatory networks to execute gene expression programs important for SSC fate decisions (self-renewal and differentiation), and ultimately, spermatogenesis. (utsa.edu)

Plant anatomy and insect defense mechanisms. (botany.org)
The Hsieh laboratory is a neural stem cell biology laboratory that focuses on 4 major areas: (1) epilepsy-in-a-dish, (2) 3D cerebral organoids, (3) patient recruitment, and (4) mechanisms of adult neurogenesis. (utsa.edu)
The paper ( Multifeature analyses of vascular cambial cells reveal longevity mechanisms in old Ginkgo biloba trees ) is published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. (bibliotecapleyades.net)

The inner cell mass, the source of embryonic stem cells, becomes pluripotent. (wikipedia.org)
However, cell pluripotency is a continuum, ranging from the completely pluripotent cell that can form every cell of the embryo proper, e.g., embryonic stem cells and iPSCs, to the incompletely or partially pluripotent cell that can form cells of all three germ layers but that may not exhibit all the characteristics of completely pluripotent cells. (wikipedia.org)
Induced pluripotent stem cells, commonly abbreviated as iPS cells or iPSCs, are a type of pluripotent stem cell artificially derived from a non-pluripotent cell, typically an adult somatic cell, by inducing a "forced" expression of certain genes and transcription factors. (wikipedia.org)
These induced cells exhibit similar traits to those of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) but do not require the use of embryos. (wikipedia.org)
This kind of asymmetric division takes place in the growing regions of plants, the meristems, and in stem cells in animals. (sheldrake.org)
By contrast, mammalian embryonic stem cells and many cancerous and 'immortalized' cell lines divide symmetrically, and yet replicate indefinitely. (sheldrake.org)
Student projects in my lab will revolve around cell-fate decisions in Spermatogonial Stem Cells (SSC). (utsa.edu)
SSCs are adult-tissue stem cells in the mammalian testis that balance self renewing and differentiating fate decisions to give rise to and sustain the entire spermatogenic lineage. (utsa.edu)
To explore how they survive so long, the team conducted RNA sequencing of the vascular cambium - the main growth tissue in the stem that produces inner wood cells and outer bark cells - in 15- to 667-year-old Ginkgo trees. (bibliotecapleyades.net)
Quantitative Biology of Development & Stem Cells, Hubrecht Institute, The Netherlands. (confex.com)
The have been applied to both the plant and ani- stem cells possess pluripotential charac- mal kingdoms without even stirring a ripple teristics, and can differentiate into various of concern in international conscience [ 2 ]. (who.int)
However, it appears that the ability of the In its simplest form, cloning is defined stem cells to transform is limited, except as the exact replication of cells. (who.int)

I analysed the sap from several species of plants to see if it did contain breakdown products and enzymes of the kind likely to be involved in the autolysis, or self-digestion, of the differentiating xylem cells, and found that indeed it did. (sheldrake.org)
New plant species can be created if the altered components are reproduced vegetatively. (agrilearner.com)
The concept of mutation was coined by Hugo De Vries in 1901, whom worked with plants species of the genus Oenothera where he discovered some phenotypic hereditary characteristics that he coined as "mutations" and "mutants" to those individuals that have these phenotypic alterations. (intechopen.com)

Another consequence of aging is the accumulation of so-called senescent cells, normal cells that stop dividing, contribute to tissue aging and secrete substances like cytokines that induce inflammation. (qualitycounts.com)
Starting from the zygotic genome, stage- and cell-type-specific transcription factors initiate regulatory cascades that induce cell differentiation. (nature.com)

The process of germ cell development in plants, from the primordial PLANT GERM CELLS to the mature haploid PLANT GAMETES. (harvard.edu)
In this group, the gametophyte (haploid) generation does not occur as an independent plant (as in ferns). (tripod.com)
Haploid a or α cells bud in the axial pattern in response to a transient landmark that includes Bud3, Bud4, Axl1 and Axl2. (bvsalud.org)

Protein phosphorylation regulates actomyosin-driven vesicle movement in cell extracts isolated from the green algae, Chara corallina. (bio.net)

We can conclude that Orchis anatolica plant could be more useful to improve testicular functions and structural parameters in mice when compared with red Korean Panax ginseng . (degruyter.com)
Functions in Germ Cell Organization, Meiotic Integrity, and Spermatogonia. (grantome.com)
The genome within all cell-types of a multicellular organism is identical, yet different cell-types display varied functions within an organism due to differences in other factors, collectively termed as the epigenome. (confex.com)

It helps in achieving differentiated multicellularity that all of the cells are identical twins in terms of chromosomal genes (implying a shared control ). (ac.be)
Mutter suggested that these genes or the cells have only the maternal imprint because many teratomas arise from a parthenogenetically activated egg. (medscape.com)
Cells become cancerous by accumulating, stepwise, a series of several mutations that alter the function of genes important for cell growth. (agemed.org)
But, although several genes related to cell division, expansion and differentiation showed reduced expression in the old trees, there was no significant increase in the expression of genes related to senescence. (bibliotecapleyades.net)
Biologists have long sought to understand how a fertilized egg can form an organism composed of hundreds of specialized cell types, each expressing a defined set of genes. (nature.com)
The pluripotency of the initial cell and the establishment of cell types depend to a large extent on the coordinated deployment of hundreds of transcription factors that bind to specific DNA sequences to activate or repress the transcription of cell lineage genes 1 . (nature.com)
In yet another coup for a research concept known as "big data," researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine have developed a computerized algorithm to understand the complex and rapid choreography of hundreds of proteins that interact in mindboggling combinations to govern how genes are flipped on and off within a cell. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)

In the first hours after fertilization, this zygote divides into identical totipotent cells, which can later develop into any of the three germ layers of a human (endoderm, mesoderm, or ectoderm), or into cells of the placenta (cytotrophoblast or syncytiotrophoblast). (wikipedia.org)
Approximately four days after fertilization and after several cycles of cell division, these totipotent cells begin to specialize. (wikipedia.org)
From fertilization through gastrulation an animal embryo experiences an exponential increase in cell number and undergoes dramatic reorganization forming specialized germ layers. (sdbcore.org)

Can the three-dimensional organization of the T cell genome regulate (auto)immunity? (forth.gr)

totipotentia, "ability for all [things]") is the ability of a single cell to divide and produce all of the differentiated cells in an organism. (wikipedia.org)
The individual cell or multicellular organism can no more exist without the larger community of life than the community of life can exist without the individuals that comprise it. (davidkorten.org)

This was then followed in 2007 by the successful induction of human iPSCs derived from human dermal fibroblasts using methods similar to those used for the induction of mouse cells. (wikipedia.org)
Whereas efficient protocols exist for generating human primordial germ cell-like cells (hPGCLCs) from human iPSCs, a method of generating granulosa cells has been elusive. (biorxiv.org)
Here we report that simultaneous overexpression of two transcription factors (TFs) can direct the differentiation of human iPSCs to granulosa-like cells. (biorxiv.org)

Callus tissue, in which no vascular differentiation occurs, contains only low cellulase activity. (sheldrake.org)
It seems that the vascular cambium in G. biloba retains the capacity for continuous growth for hundreds of years or even millennia, and this may enable G. biloba to escape senescence at the whole plant level in the absence of outside accidents,' says Lin. (bibliotecapleyades.net)
The team expects that most ancient trees are likely to have this longevity mechanism whereby the continuous division of the vascular cambium can compensate for the aging process, similarly to cancer or germ cells in animals. (bibliotecapleyades.net)
1. Bryophyta (non-vascular plants, lower plants): They lack a vascular system for the internal conduction of water, minerals and food (lower plants), and depend on direct contact with surface water. (tripod.com)
Vascular plants first appeared in Silurian (439-409 Mya). (tripod.com)

HN - 2008 BX - Von Ebner's Glands MH - Cumulus Cells UI - D054885 MN - A05.360.319.114.630.535.200.500 MN - A06.407.312.497.535.300.500 MN - A11.436.300.500 MS - The granulosa cells of the cumulus oophorus which surround the OVUM in the GRAAFIAN FOLLICLE. (bvsalud.org)

As previous known, the more differentiated the malignant cells, the less aggressive and dangerous is the cancer. (naturalnews.com)

The putative TSO1 protein has two cysteine-rich regions that aresimilar to the CXC domains of a variety of proteins from plants and animals,including a class of kinesins involved in chromosome segregation, and enhancer ofzeste-type proteins. (embl.de)
and organismal viability in response to genotoxic stresses caused by bleomycin mitomycin gamma-radiation or C. Plant PARP2 proteins carry SAP DNA binding motifs rather than the zinc finger domains common in plant and animal PARP1 proteins. (bio2009.org)
As with plant PARP2 plant PARG proteins are structurally distinct from their animal counterparts also. (bio2009.org)
Emflex) integrity via DNA damage repair then becomes essential in both germ-line and somatic cells [2 5 6 Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation is a post-translational modification mediated by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) enzymes in which negatively charged ADP-ribose units are transferred from donor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) molecules onto target proteins [7]. (bio2009.org)
Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation and PARP proteins have Acemetacin (Emflex) been identified in a wide variety of plants and animals as well as bacteria Acemetacin (Emflex) fungi and double-stranded DNA viruses [10-12]. (bio2009.org)
In recent years, with increasing interest being directed toward cultured cell-based production of vaccines, and in vivo proteins such as enzymes, hormones, antibodies and cytokines, as well as cell grafts for use in regenerative medicine, greater focus has been placed on efficient and convenient methodologies for mass cell culturing. (justia.com)
Previously, researchers could only analyze two to three proteins and DNA sequences at a time, and were unable to see the true complexities of the interactions among proteins and DNA that occur in living cells. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)

This process gets rid of unneeded cells and is particularly important for "sculpting" tissue and organ structure during development of the embryo (or larval metamorphosis in insects), but may occur at any time even in adult cells when a tissue needs to be remodeled. (agemed.org)

Enhanced immunity and antioxidant properties also contribute to tumor cell destruction. (naturalnews.com)
Drs. Kim Vanderlinden and Ivana Vucenik describe what is presently known about how IP6 works to help normalize the rate of cell division, normalize cell physiology, enhance Natural Killer (NK) cells, increase tumor suppressor P53 gene activity, inhibit inflammation, and inhibit angiogenesis. (naturalnews.com)
Teratomas (from Greek teras, "monster," and - oma, a suffix denoting a tumor or neoplasm) and other germ cell tumors (GCTs) are relatively common solid neoplasms in children. (medscape.com)

Animals are eukaryotic (genetic material is organized in membrane-bound nuclei) and multicellular (comprised of more than one cell), which separates them from bacteria and most protists . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Host parasite interaction: Recognition and entry processes of different pathogens like bacteria, viruses into animal and plant host cells, alteration of host cell behavior by pathogens, virus-induced cell transformation, pathogen-induced diseases in animals and plants, cell-cell fusion in both normal and abnormal cells. (pathfinderacademy.in)
Recent research with animal cells, yeasts and bacteria show that damaged cell constituents do in fact build up, but can be diluted by growth and cell division, especially by asymmetric cell division. (sheldrake.org)
In cell culturing, regardless of whether or not a cell culture support is used and regardless of whether suspended cells or adherent cells are used, supply of oxygen is an essential issue for achieving healthy growth of the cells, with the exception of anaerobic bacteria. (justia.com)
Chloroplasts (photosynthesis) in green plants and algae originated as free living bacteria related to the cyanobacteria [the chloroplastic DNA is more similar to free-living Cyanobacteria DNA than to sequences from the plants the chloroplasts reside in]. (tripod.com)
sex pilus to attach to other bacteria Resistance increased by the type of cell wall, and presence of endospore, capsules, slime layers Toxin the lipopolysaccharide upper layer of Gram negative bacteria is released as toxins Taxonomy Domain : Bacteria Kingdom: Monera Phyla : Firmicutes Gram-Positive e.g. cocci Staphylococcus Streptococcus bacilli Lactobacillus Gracilicutes Gram-Negative e.g. cocci bacilli spirochete obligate intracellular parasites Tenericutes No Cell Wall e.g. (termpaperwarehouse.com)

Cell signaling: Hormones and their receptors, cell surface receptor, signaling through G-protein coupled receptors, signal transduction pathways, second messengers, regulation of signaling pathways, bacterial and plant two-component signaling systems, bacterial chemotaxis and quorum sensing. (pathfinderacademy.in)

In situ hybridization analysis in adultmouse testis showed that tesmin is specifically expressed in spermatocytes.Quantitative RT-PCR at different stages of mouse postnatal development (days 4,8, 12, 18, and 42) revealed that tesmin is expressed as early as day 8 andcoincides with the entry of germ cells into meiosis. (embl.de)
Cell division and cell cycle: Mitosis and meiosis, their regulation, steps in cell cycle, and control of cell cycle. (pathfinderacademy.in)

These transcription factors play a key role in determining the state of these cells and also highlights the fact that these somatic cells do preserve the same genetic information as early embryonic cells. (wikipedia.org)
A parent cell divides into two equal parent cells after replicating genetic material. (iitianacademy.com)
First, genetic material gets duplicated so that each daughter cells will receive an equal amount of genetic material. (iitianacademy.com)
The duplication of genetic material is followed by division of cell into two daughter cells. (iitianacademy.com)

Our results show that germlings respond preferentially to compounds secreted by plant roots and T. atroviride itself than to compounds secreted by prey fungi. (frontiersin.org)

The cell cycle, its rotation of phases beginning and ending with cell division, focused on further growth and DNA replication periods. (dissertationteam.com)
In essence, I proposed that harmful breakdown products build up in cells as they age, and that cells can be regenerated by asymmetric cell division so that one of the cells receives more of these harmful products. (sheldrake.org)
In both cases, the meiotic division of the egg mother cell results in one supremely regenerated cell, the egg cell, and three other cells which soon die. (sheldrake.org)
Researchers have now shown that Ginkgo biloba trees , some of the oldest on Earth, don't enter senescence , the declining division and growth of cells that inevitably results in aging and death, and retain strong resistance to external stressors. (bibliotecapleyades.net)
Axl2 also interacts with Cdc10, a septin subunit, promoting efficient recruitment of septins near the cell division site. (bvsalud.org)

The tso1 mutant phenotypes and the novelty of the TSO1sequence suggest the existence of previously unknown participants in regulationof directional processes in eukaryotic cells. (embl.de)

Gurdon's experiment showed that differentiated adult cells could be induced to an undifferentiated state, where they could once again become multiple cell types. (asu.edu)
The effects of Orchis anatolica plant roots on adult male mice testicular structure and function were explored and compared with those of the red Korean Panax ginseng . (degruyter.com)

Appropriate and rapid responses to external Acemetacin (Emflex) stimuli are crucial for maintenance of genome cell and integrity survival. (bio2009.org)

These tumors are grouped together because they all appear to arise from postmeiotic germ cells. (medscape.com)
Cancer cells often spread (or metastasize ) throughout the body by way of the bloodstream or lymphatic vessels to form tumors in new locations beyond the primary site of origin. (agemed.org)

In mammals, it occurs in CpG dinucleotides, whereas in plants non-CpG cytosines can also be methylated [6]. (i-sis.org.uk)
It also occurs in the formation of egg cells in plants and animals. (sheldrake.org)
Cell polarization generally occurs along a single axis that is directed by a spatial cue. (bvsalud.org)

PARP2 also makes stronger contributions than PARP1 to plant immune responses including restriction of pathogenic pv. (bio2009.org)

PARP1 accounts for approximately 90% of the PARP activity in mammalian cells under genotoxic situations while PARP2 is apparently responsible for the remaining 10% [14-16]. (bio2009.org)

Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol , Art. (mpi-cbg.de)
Plant Biol. (bio.net)

Gametogenesis, Plant" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)

The human development model can be used to describe how totipotent cells arise. (wikipedia.org)
Human development begins when a sperm fertilizes an egg and the resulting fertilized egg creates a single totipotent cell, a zygote. (wikipedia.org)
With the progression of colony development, host plant cues and self-generated signaling compounds remained the strongest chemoattractants. (frontiersin.org)
Together these findings suggest that chemotropic sensing during germling development is focused on plant association and colony network formation, while fungal prey recognition develops later in mature hyphae of fully differentiated mycelium. (frontiersin.org)
Ovarian development requires the combination of germ cells and their supporting somatic cells, known as granulosa cells. (biorxiv.org)

This cell then has therapeutic cloning: the global the capacity to divide and grow into an exact replica of the original from whom the debate somatic cell was taken. (who.int)

HN - 2008 BX - Granulosa Cells, Cumulus MH - Coronary Sinus UI - D054326 MN - A07.231.908.194.500 MS - A short vein that collects about two thirds of the venous blood from the MYOCARDIUM and drains into the RIGHT ATRIUM. (bvsalud.org)

Polyploidy is an important mechanism in the evolution of plants. (tripod.com)
This paper outlines the debates prompted through a reproduction mechanism involv- by progress in cloning research, with special ing male and female germ cells. (who.int)

In 2008, the School of Molecular Biosciences (SMB) at Washington State University moved from offering three PhD degrees (Biochemistry, Genetics and Cell Biology, and Microbiology) to a single interdisciplinary degree in Molecular Biosciences. (grantome.com)
The 80th Cold Spring Harbor Symposium was held to mark the 150th anniversary of Gregor Mendel s landmark 1865 presentation of his paper Experiments on Plant Hybridization , which laid the groundwork for modern genetics. (cshlpress.com)

Hence core aspects of plant poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation are mediated by substantially different enzymes than in animals suggesting the likelihood of substantial differences in regulation. (bio2009.org)
Numerous reports have indicated significant differences in cell properties with different culturing environments. (justia.com)

Flower plants (divides into monocots and dicots). (tripod.com)

This laboratory pursues several lines of investigation to understand how T cells contribute to autoimmune diseases and protection from infection, and how to modulate T cell immunity for therapeutic purposes in humans. (utsa.edu)

This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Gametogenesis, Plant" by people in Harvard Catalyst Profiles by year, and whether "Gametogenesis, Plant" was a major or minor topic of these publication. (harvard.edu)
Below are the most recent publications written about "Gametogenesis, Plant" by people in Profiles. (harvard.edu)

In cell biology, pluripotency (Lat. (wikipedia.org)

This node is implemented by differential propagation of the seeds produced by the germ cells. (ac.be)

All land plants evolved from the green algae or Chlorophyta. (tripod.com)

Back in Paris, wrote his famous notes about organographie, organogenesis and physiology of the plants, and presents his book at the Institute on 1 April 1835 for the contest of experimental physiology founded by Montyon. (botanicalcabinet.com)
check the tag ADOLESCENCE HN - 2008 BX - Nutrition in Adolescence FX - Adolescent Nutrition Physiology MH - Peritoneal Stomata UI - D054048 MN - A01.047.025.600.700 MN - A10.810 MS - Natural openings in the subdiaphragmatic lymphatic plexus in the PERITONEUM, delimited by adjacent mesothelial cells. (bvsalud.org)

TSO1 is a novel protein that modulates cytokinesis and cell expansion inArabidopsis. (embl.de)
A novel testis-specific metallothionein-like protein, tesmin, is an early marker of male germ cell differentiation. (embl.de)
Results 9 4.7 Bacterial density in 3-L batch fermentation 9 4.8 Dry cell weight 9 4.9 Protein content 10 4.10 Lipid content 10 4.11 Protein digestibility 11 4. (termpaperwarehouse.com)
Given that protein aggregates in liver cells are closely linked to alcoholic liver disease, these findings suggest that quercetin could be a useful treatment for patients with this condition. (qualitycounts.com)
Molecular 'switch' reverses chronic inflammation and aging - Science Daily, 2/6/20 - 'By studying mice and immune cells called macrophages, the team found that a protein called SIRT2 is responsible for deacetylating the NLRP3 inflammasome. (qualitycounts.com)

It is possible to suspect a somatic mutation when a group of somatic cells in the same individual deviate genotypically from the other cells due to the fact that most mutations are somatic, i.e., after differentiation has begun. (agrilearner.com)

Anatomy55

Organisms23

Diseases18

Chemicals and Drugs64

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment31

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes66

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science4

Production of sex hormones2

Maturation4

Organisms16

Cellular16

Activation and differentiation1

Chromatin4

Sexual differentiation1

Proliferation6

Primordial germ2

Apoptosis4

Undergo3

Reproductive1

Genomics2

Epigenetic7

Nucleus4

Tissues7

Vitro4

Gonadal3

Spermatogenesis1

Mechanisms3

Stem12

Species3

Induce2

Haploid3

Regulates1

Functions3

Genes7

Fertilization3

Organization1

Organism2

IPSCs3

Vascular5

OVUM1

Malignant1

Proteins7

Tissue1

Tumor3

Bacteria6

Hormones1

Meiosis2

Genetic4

Fungi1

Division5

Processes1

Adult2

Genome1

Tumors2

Occurs3

Pathogenic1

Mammalian cells1

Biol2

MeSH1

Development5

Somatic cell1

Granulosa cells1

Mechanism2

Genetics2

Differences2

Divides1

Therapeutic1

Gametogenesis2

Biology1

Seeds1

Algae1

Physiology2

Protein5

Mutations1