Cell 1986 antibody tissue array analysis. Medical search. Frequent questions

In order to distinguish between KA and SCC, further histologic studies can be used, including proliferating-cell nuclear antigen immunostaining. (medscape.com)
[ 7 ] In KAs, cells that stain positive with proliferating-cell nuclear antigen immunostaining are distributed only in the outer edges of the tumor, corresponding to the proliferating squamous epithelial cells. (medscape.com)
In contrast, cells within an SCC that stain positive with proliferating-cell nuclear antigen immunostaining are more diffusely distributed. (medscape.com)

The evidence for an autoimmune etiology includes pathological findings of infiltrating T cells, the presence of antigen-antibody complexes in affected cartilage, cellular and humoral responses against collagen type II and other collagen antigens, and the observation that immunosuppressive regimens most often suppress the disease. (medscape.com)
The HCG sample is immobilized on the surface of the substrate via antigen-antibody immunobinding. (bvsalud.org)

In several examples, the α4 integrin antagonist is a monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to a α4, β1 or β7 integrin subunit or a cyclic hexapeptide with the amino acid sequence of CWLDVC. (justia.com)

What is a Recombinant Antibody and Why is it Important? (cellsignal.com)
What is a Recombinant Antibody? (cellsignal.com)
Mammalian cell lines are most commonly used for recombinant antibody production, although cell lines of bacterial, yeast, or insect origin are also suitable. (cellsignal.com)
Because recombinant antibody production involves sequencing the antibody light and heavy chains, it is a highly controlled and reliable process. (cellsignal.com)
Highly sensitive and specific recombinant antibody microarrays allowing screening of crude protein extracts are also being developed [ 14 ]. (hindawi.com)

A gain of function screen for genes that enable proliferation independently of matrix anchorage identified a cell adhesion molecule PVRL4 (poliovirus-receptor-like 4), also known as Nectin-4. (elifesciences.org)
Indeed, platelet releasate has previously been shown to induce endothelial cell permeability, endothelial cell chemotaxis, and corneal epithelial cell proliferation in cellular assays [ 7 - 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
Cell proliferation and invasion were assayed using the kidney cell lines HEK293 with wild-type p53 and a ccRCC cell line MZ1257RC mutated for p53. (frontiersin.org)
HEK293 cells demonstrated a restriction of ERV-K113 env expression and invasion with no changes in proliferation in the absence of Aza. (frontiersin.org)
Endothelin (EDN) signalling plays a crucial role in cell differentiation, proliferation and migration processes. (biomedcentral.com)
nc886 inhibits cell proliferation when ectopically expressed in gastric cancer cells. (oncotarget.com)
VEGF, produced in large amounts by cancer cells during tumor growth, interacts with its receptors VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 thereby causing endothelial cell survival, proliferation, and sprouting [7] . (plos.org)

explored which genes enable epithelial cells from the human mammary gland to grow without being attached to the extracellular matrix. (elifesciences.org)
Neither compound significantly modified the manifestation profile of anti-apoptosis genes within the arrays. (engineering-gdfsuez.com)
Whole exome sequencing of patients who experienced severe influenza reveals several genes, including scaffold protein AHNAK, with predicted loss-of-function variants that are also identified in our proteomic analyses. (cdc.gov)
After cloning the antibody genes into an expression vector, this is then transfected into an appropriate host cell line for antibody expression. (cellsignal.com)
Arthritis susceptibility genes were sought by analysis of differential gene expression between pristane-induced arthritis (PIA)-susceptible DA rats and PIA-resistant E3 rats. (biomedcentral.com)
In conclusion, the results show that animal models are well suited for reproducible microarray analysis of candidate genes for arthritis. (biomedcentral.com)
These techniques can be used to analyze a large number of genes simultaneously and, when used for analysis in suitable experimental circumstances, provide valuable information on arthritis pathogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
F-H) ISH analyses of LR marker genes in BMP signaling-perturbed embryos. (echinobase.org)
Array-based comparative genomic hybridization in early-stage mycosis fungoides: recurrent deletion of tumor suppressor genes BCL7A, SMAC/DIABLO, and RHOF. (medscape.com)

Tissue microarrays (also TMAs) consist of paraffin blocks in which up to 1000 separate tissue cores are assembled in array fashion to allow multiplex histological analysis. (wikipedia.org)
Tissue microarrays are particularly useful in analysis of cancer samples. (wikipedia.org)
The use of tissue microarrays in combination with immunohistochemistry has been a preferred method to study and validate cancer biomarkers in various defined cancer patient cohorts. (wikipedia.org)
Immunohistochemistry combined with tissue microarrays has also been used with success in large scale efforts to create a map of protein expression on a more global scale. (wikipedia.org)

The technique of tissue microarray was developed to address these issues. (wikipedia.org)
In the tissue microarray technique, a hollow needle is used to remove tissue cores as small as 0.6 mm in diameter from regions of interest in paraffin-embedded tissues such as clinical biopsies or tumor samples. (wikipedia.org)
Tests commonly employed in tissue microarray include immunohistochemistry, and fluorescent in situ hybridization. (wikipedia.org)
Clinical cancer patient cohorts and corresponding tissue microarray sets have been used to study diagnostic, prognostic and treatment predictive cancer biomarkers in most forms of cancer, including lung, breast, colorectal and renal cell cancer. (wikipedia.org)
In this investigation a human RCC tissue microarray (TMA) (n=374) predominantly consisting of the most common histological tumor subtypes was hybridized with an ERV-K env antibody and correlated with patient clinical data. (frontiersin.org)
A tissue microarray was used to study EDN3 protein expression in breast carcinoma (n = 150) and normal breast epithelium (n = 44). (biomedcentral.com)

Currently, the most widely-used TIL production method is to isolate infiltrating lymphocytes from tumor tissues and then culture and expand these cells in vitro. (biomedcentral.com)
The expanded NK cells were significantly more potent than unstimulated or IL-2-stimulated NK cells against acute myeloid leukemia cells in vitro . (aacrjournals.org)
Relating in vitro to in vivo exposures with physiologically based tissue dosimetry and tissue response models. (cdc.gov)
In vitro , the sprouting and migratory properties of primary endothelial cell cultures were reduced by inhibiting EZH2 through up-regulation of miR-101, siRNA-mediated knockdown of EZH2, or treatment with 3-Deazaneplanocin-A (DZNep), a small molecule inhibitor of EZH2 methyltransferase activity. (plos.org)
Recombinant antibodies are monoclonal, but their production involves in vitro genetic manipulation. (cellsignal.com)
In vitro methods for producing antibodies are amenable to large-scale production, meaning antibody availability is unlikely to become a limiting factor. (cellsignal.com)

cnd-1 expression was first detected in neuroblasts of the AB lineage in 14 cell embryos and maintained in many neuronal descendants of the AB lineage during embryogenesis, diminishing in most terminally differentiated neurons prior to hatching. (biologists.com)
Patterns are ubiquitous in living systems and underlie the dynamic organization of cells, tissues, and embryos. (mpi-cbg.de)

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the ten most common cancers for men and women with an approximate 75% overall 5-year survival. (frontiersin.org)
Sixteen histological tumor subtypes exist and the most common are papillary, chromophobe and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) representing 85% of all RCC. (frontiersin.org)

[2] [3] Each tip of the "Y" of an antibody contains a paratope (analogous to a lock) that is specific for one particular epitope (analogous to a key) on an antigen, allowing these two structures to bind together with precision. (wikipedia.org)
While polyclonal antibodies are secreted by many different B cell clones and recognize multiple antigenic epitopes, monoclonals originate from a single B cell clone and are specific for just one epitope. (cellsignal.com)
The epitope specificity of the antibodies in relapsing polychondritis differs from those in RA, suggesting different mechanisms for formation and pathophysiologic roles. (medscape.com)

Assessment of cell viability The viability of cells plated at 5 104 cells per well of a 96-well plate was assessed by MTT assay (Denizot and Lang, 1986). (engineering-gdfsuez.com)
At CST, we adhere to the Hallmarks of Antibody Validation™ , six complementary strategies for determining the specificity, sensitivity, and functionality of an antibody in any given assay. (cellsignal.com)
function of proliferative responses provoked in the induction cell products favor immediate type hypersensitivity reactions, phase of contact allergy, the murine local lymph node assay serving as growth and differentiation factors for mast cells and (LLNA), has been accepted as a stand-alone method for skin eosinophils, the cellular effectors of the clinical manifestations of sensitization testing (NIH, 1999). (cdc.gov)

After an antigen binds to a BCR, the B cell activates to proliferate and differentiate into either plasma cells , which secrete soluble antibodies with the same paratope, or memory B cells , which survive in the body to enable long-lasting immunity to the antigen. (wikipedia.org)
Because these fluids were traditionally known as humors , antibody-mediated immunity is sometimes known as, or considered a part of, humoral immunity . (wikipedia.org)
The loss of CD4 helper/inducer T cell function probably underlies the profound defects in cellular and humoral immunity leading to the opportunistic infections and malignancies characteristic of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (Lane et al. (justia.com)

Understanding how cancerous cells gain this ability may lead to new approaches to stopping tumor cells from dividing and colonizing tissues around the body. (elifesciences.org)

During all stages of tumor progression, cancer cells are subjected to inappropriate extracellular matrix environments and must undergo adaptive changes in order to evade growth constraints associated with the loss of matrix attachment. (elifesciences.org)
A single-cell layer of epithelium is separated from the tissues beneath it by a supporting substance called the extracellular matrix. (elifesciences.org)
It is estimated that up to 90% of cancers in humans originate in epithelial tissue, and the cells within such tumors are known to survive and divide even when they are no longer attached to the extracellular matrix. (elifesciences.org)
They occur in two forms: one that is attached to a B cell , and the other, a soluble form, that is unattached and found in extracellular fluids such as blood plasma . (wikipedia.org)
Furthermore, levels of antibodies to matrilin 1, an extracellular matrix protein predominantly expressed in tracheal cartilage, were significantly higher in patients with relapsing polychondritis, especially in those with respiratory symptoms, than in patients with Wegener granulomatosis , systemic lupus erythematosus , or RA and in healthy controls. (medscape.com)

They found that the gene that codes for a protein called poliovirus receptor-like 4 (PVRL4) allows attachment-free cell growth and also makes cells cluster together once detached from the matrix. (elifesciences.org)
also showed that interactions between the PVRL4 in one cell and a related protein called PVRL1 in a neighboring cell were responsible for holding the cells together in clusters. (elifesciences.org)
Protein and peptide chromatography prior to MS analysis can partly address this issue. (hindawi.com)
While modern proteomics experiments permit the analysis of hundreds to thousands of proteins in complex samples, the most powerful use of this data would combine information on protein activity with the identities of the active proteins. (hindawi.com)
Cytokine production rates were normalized to total cellular protein, as determined by the BCA method calibrated against BSA (Redinbaugh and Turley, 1986). (engineering-gdfsuez.com)
High ERV-K env total protein expression of all tumor subtypes significantly correlated with low tumor grading and a longer disease specific survival using multivariable analyses. (frontiersin.org)
Definitive diagnosis has historically therefore, been restricted to post -mortem examination of brain tissue for the presence of pathological hallmarks of the disease such as spongiform changes and the deposition of an abnormal disease related form of the prion protein termed PrP d ( d denotes a disease associated form of the host encoded protein PrP c ) [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Following an outbreak of BSE in cattle which was subsequently linked to the emergence of a new human form of the disease, vCJD, commercial testing for surveillance purposes has focused on detection of this protein (PrP d ) in brain tissue homogenates. (biomedcentral.com)
The microtubules in cells that make smaller amounts of this protein were more disorganised, and these cells were unable to fuse with each other to form muscle cells. (elifesciences.org)
An antibody ( Ab ), also known as an immunoglobulin ( Ig ), [1] is a large, Y-shaped protein used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects such as pathogenic bacteria and viruses . (wikipedia.org)
Using affinity purification-mass spectrometry and global phosphoproteomic and protein abundance analyses using three IAV strains (pH1N1, H3N2, H5N1) in three human cell types (A549, NHBE, THP-1), we map 332 IAV-human protein-protein interactions and identify 13 IAV-modulated kinases. (cdc.gov)
It is disclosed herein that the HIV-1 envelope protein gp120 binds to α4β7 integrin on CD4+ T-cells, natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T-cells. (justia.com)
Due to the large number of proteins, no protein array platform has yet been designed that covers the entire human placental proteome. (hindawi.com)

The specificity of autoimmune injury to cartilaginous tissues has led investigators to test the hypothesis that a cartilage-specific autoantibody is central to the pathogenesis of relapsing polychondritis. (medscape.com)

The human placenta is a difficult tissue to work with using proteomic technology since it contains large amounts of lipids and glycogen. (hindawi.com)
In order to prevent rejection of the fetus, the placenta expresses an intricate pattern of major histocompatibility complex molecules, immunizing the mother against the foreign fetal tissue [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
[ 8 ] A report of relapsing polychondritis in the newborn of a mother with relapsing polychondritis suggests that antibodies crossing the placenta are necessary and sufficient to elicit the entire clinical syndrome. (medscape.com)

Preva- have common clinical manifestations, Phylogenetic analysis shows that S-1 lence and genetic diversity of Aichi virus such as fever, headache, myalgia, -HUN strain is genetically included strains in stool samples from community macular rash, and elevated levels of and hospitalized patients. (cdc.gov)
MEGA4: molecular evolutionary genetic woman living in Fongshan City, Ka- tute of State Public Health Service, Pécs, analysis (MEGA) software version 4.0. (cdc.gov)
used genetic techniques to silence PVRL4 in cells from breast tumors, they found that it reduced the formation of clusters by the cancer cells and also reduced their ability to grow in the absence of attachment. (elifesciences.org)
Traditional polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies are the product of normal B cell development and genetic recombination. (cellsignal.com)
In contrast, hybridoma-based systems for producing monoclonal antibodies are subject to genetic drift and instability, increasing the potential for lot-to-lot variability or loss of antibody expression. (cellsignal.com)
However, animal models of RA are well suited for analysis of differential gene expression because it is possible to analyze many individuals in which genetic background, environmental exposure and disease stage can be controlled. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, because of the antigenic and genetic diversity of "Norwalk-like viruses"* (NLVs) and the inability to cultivate these viruses in cell lines, developing assays to detect the full spectrum of NLVs associated with outbreaks of gastroenteritis was not possible. (cdc.gov)

Furthermore, EDN3 promoter hypermethylation was detected in 70% of primary breast carcinomas with significant association to loss of EDN3 mRNA expression ( P = 0.005), whilst normal matched breast tissues revealed no EDN3 promoter methylation. (biomedcentral.com)
Here we have investigated nc886 in gastric cancer where its expression is suppressed due to CpG DNA hypermethylation at its promoter region in a cohort of paired tumor/normal tissues from 88 gastric cancer patients. (oncotarget.com)

The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
We illustrate where such mechanisms of pattern formation arise in biological systems from cellular to tissue scales, with an emphasis on morphogenesis. (mpi-cbg.de)

Proteomic approaches have proven powerful at identifying large numbers of proteins, but there are fewer reports of functional characterization of proteins in biological tissues. (hindawi.com)

Besides, the effects of different T cell functional modulators and cytokines on TIL manufacture have also been examined. (biomedcentral.com)
The development of clinically applicable methods to produce large numbers of fully functional NK cells is a critical step to maximize the potential of this approach. (aacrjournals.org)
Here we report the expression and functional analysis of cnd-1 , a C. elegans NeuroD homolog. (biologists.com)
Altogether, by identifying a pro-angiogenic VEGF/miR-101/EZH2 axis in endothelial cells we provide evidence for a functional link between growth factor-mediated signaling, post-transcriptional silencing, and histone-methylation in the angiogenesis process. (plos.org)
This study provides a comprehensive network model of IAV infection in human cells, identifying functional host targets for pan-viral HDT. (cdc.gov)
The primary immunologic abnormality resulting from infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the progressive depletion and functional impairment of T lymphocytes expressing the CD4 cell surface glycoprotein. (justia.com)

Methods Cell tradition and treatments Main choriodecidual (CD) cell ethnicities were prepared from placentas obtained by Caesarean section at term prior to the onset of labour according to previously published methods (Keelan and Mitchell, 1998). (engineering-gdfsuez.com)
Cells were cultured at 37C in humidified 5% CO2/95% air for 2C3 days prior to addition of treatments (Keelan and Mitchell, 1998). (engineering-gdfsuez.com)
1998. Protection of human upper respiratory tract cell lines against sulphur mustard toxicity by hexamethylenetetramine (HMT). (cdc.gov)

Ricin causes toxicity by inhibiting the formation (synthesis) of proteins in the cells of the exposed individual. (cdc.gov)
Following activation by agonists such as thrombin, platelets release storage granules and membrane vesicles that contain prothrombotic (e.g., fibrinogen), mitogenic (e.g., platelet derived growth factor), immunomodulatory (e.g., neutrophil-activating peptide 2), and adhesive (e.g., platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule) proteins. (hindawi.com)
For instance, a number of studies have used 1D SDS-PAGE to separate proteins by molecular weight prior to MS analysis [ 12 - 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
Three proteins identified by SELDI-TOF analysis were verified by immunohistochemistry in brain tissue sections. (biomedcentral.com)
By means of immunohistochemistry and double-labeling studies using transgenic mouse lines as well as Western blot analyses, it was demonstrated that the newly generated antibodies specifically recognized the receptor proteins. (jneurosci.org)
To scrutinize the hypothesis that olfactory receptor proteins may also be present in the axonal processes and the nerve terminals, serial sections through the olfactory bulb were probed with the antibodies. (jneurosci.org)
In this study, antibodies were generated against unique epitopes of distinct OR types and used in immunohistochemical experiments to visualize the receptor proteins in whole-mount preparations and tissue sections of the olfactory system. (jneurosci.org)
Antibodies are heavy (~150 k Da ) proteins of about 10 nm in size, [7] arranged in three globular regions that roughly form a Y shape. (wikipedia.org)

Histologically, the fully formed domelike lesion reveals a mass of proliferating squamous epithelial cells, which created the central core of keratin. (medscape.com)
KA lesions can easily be mistaken for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). (medscape.com)
The following review highlights the topics of actinic keratoses, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, and Merkel cell carcinoma. (jcadonline.com)
Localized folate and vitamin alcoholicвЂ"its relationship to medical and haematological abnormaliВ- B-12 deп¬Ѓciency in squamous cell lung cancer is related to global ties, liver illness and folate stores. (ehd.org)
Therefore, cheilitis glandularis can be considered a potential predisposing factor for the development of actinic cheilitis and squamous cell carcinoma. (medscape.com)
Butt and coauthors reported a case of cheilitis glandularis that progressed to squamous cell carcinoma in an HIV-infected patient. (medscape.com)

Each distinct CD4 + T-cell subset has a specific function and can mainly be distinguished by its cytokine profile, the expression pattern of cell surface molecules, and the activation of specific transcription factors 8 . (nature.com)
Olfactory receptors are supposed to act not only as molecular sensors for odorants but also as cell recognition molecules guiding the axons of olfactory neurons to their appropriate glomerulus in the olfactory bulb. (jneurosci.org)

Comparisons of the gene expression profiles of the expanded NK cells and their unstimulated or IL-2-stimulated counterparts showed marked differences. (aacrjournals.org)

Cytokine assays Concentrations of IL-6 and TNF- in conditioned media were determined by ELISA using commercially available capture and detection antibodies according to the manufacturer's instructions (PeproTech, NJ, USA). (engineering-gdfsuez.com)

We show that NAD + regulates CD4 + T-cell differentiation through tryptophan hydroxylase-1 ( Tph1 ), independently of well-established transcription factors. (nature.com)
Our findings unravel a new pathway orchestrating CD4 + T-cell differentiation and demonstrate that NAD + may serve as a powerful therapeutic agent for the treatment of autoimmune and other diseases. (nature.com)
Although differentiation of naïve CD4 + T cells has been considered to be an irreversible process, accumulating evidence suggests that T cells are much more flexible than initially believed with the ability to interchange between helper phenotypes 15 . (nature.com)
The microtubule cytoskeleton is critical for muscle cell differentiation and undergoes reorganisation into an array of paraxial microtubules, which serves as template for contractile sarcomere formation. (elifesciences.org)
We show that oMAP4 is expressed upon muscle cell differentiation and is the only MAP4 isoform essential for normal progression of the myogenic differentiation programme. (elifesciences.org)
Upon differentiation, mono-nucleated myoblasts withdraw from the cell cycle and fuse to form syncytial myotubes ( Wakelam, 1985 ). (elifesciences.org)

Unlike traditional methods for antibody production, recombinant approaches avoid the need to use animals. (cellsignal.com)

We discovered that, in mouse models, activated B-lymphocytes infiltrate infarcted tissue in the weeks after stroke. (jneurosci.org)
B-lymphocytes undergo isotype switching, and IgM, IgG, and IgA antibodies are found in the neuropil adjacent to the lesion. (jneurosci.org)

The major limitations in molecular clinical analysis of tissues include the cumbersome nature of procedures, limited availability of diagnostic reagents and limited patient sample size. (wikipedia.org)
Their effects on both swelling and apoptosis in main cultures of human being choriodecidual cells were investigated with the intention of identifying potential agents suitable for subsequent evaluation in pre-clinical and medical trials. (engineering-gdfsuez.com)
We therefore adapted the K562-mb15-41BBL stimulation method to large-scale clinical-grade conditions, generating large numbers of highly cytotoxic NK cells. (aacrjournals.org)
The results that we report here provide rationale and practical platform for clinical testing of expanded and activated NK cells for cell therapy of cancer. (aacrjournals.org)
15 The key role of aberrant B cell autoreactivity in SLE was revealed in a landmark murine study using a knockout gene mutation to prevent lupus mice from developing B cells, which resulted in a lack of autoantibody formation and clinical manifestations (nephritis or vasculitis). (bmj.com)
Epidemiology and clinical manifestations of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. (medscape.com)

Initially, all antibodies are of the first form, attached to the surface of a B cell - these are then referred to as B-cell receptors (BCR). (wikipedia.org)

The terms antibody and immunoglobulin are often used interchangeably, [1] though the term 'antibody' is sometimes reserved for the secreted, soluble form, i.e. excluding B-cell receptors. (wikipedia.org)

Molecular and cell biology of lipids, 2018. (ucla.edu)
The spectrum of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas: new insights into biology and therapy. (medscape.com)

There is compelling evidence that altered EDN signalling is involved in carcinogenesis by modulating cell survival and promoting invasiveness. (biomedcentral.com)

A balanced regulation of this EDNRA/EDNRB interplay - also referred to as the endothelin axis (ET-axis)- is essential for, for example, homing processes to tissue destinations, where cells differentiate into numerous lineages such as the peripheral nervous system, structural and connective tissue components, cardiac cells or pigment-producing melanocytes [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex connective tissue disorder that involves multiple organs. (bmj.com)
They noted that, after a few episodes of inflammation, the cartilage was replaced by fibrous connective tissue. (medscape.com)

CD4 + T helper (Th) cells play a central role in regulating the adaptive immune response associated with pathogen invasion. (nature.com)
Antibodies from different classes also differ in where they are released in the body and at what stage of an immune response. (wikipedia.org)

Schematic structure of an antibody: two heavy chains (blue, yellow) and the two light chains (green, pink). (wikipedia.org)

This mechanism preserves the single-cell layer pattern throughout the body and prevents epithelial cells from growing in inappropriate locations. (elifesciences.org)
Normally, the PVRL4 gene is not active in breast epithelial cells, but its activity is detected in many breast, lung, and ovarian tumors. (elifesciences.org)

We previously showed that VEGF signaling in primary endothelial cell cultures caused overexpression of VEGFR2 in a positive feed-forward loop, which is at least partly regulated by loss of miRNA-mediated control of VEGF receptor degradation. (plos.org)

Researchers have found that antibodies to type II collagen are present during acute relapsing polychondritis episodes and that the levels correlate with the severity of the episode. (medscape.com)
Most patients with relapsing polychondritis had high titers of antifetal cartilage antibodies during the early acute phase. (medscape.com)

EDN3 mRNA expression was assessed by Northern blotting in normal human tissues (n = 9) as well as in matched pairs of normal and tumourous tissues from breast specimens (n = 50). (biomedcentral.com)

In contrast, regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a cardinal role in protecting against autoimmune diseases, inflammation and tissue damage 13 through secretion of IL-10 (ref. 14 ) and other mechanisms. (nature.com)
In contrast, the remainder of the antibody is relatively constant. (wikipedia.org)

1983. Mass spectrometric methods in structural analysis of some vesicants. (cdc.gov)
The class hence determines the function triggered by an antibody after binding to an antigen, in addition to some structural features. (wikipedia.org)

Molecular analysis of miRNAs 21 and 103a showed that expression levels of miRNAs in both groups of Toxocara -positive and negative samples were the same without significant association. (microbiologyresearch.org)

CD4 + T cells are involved in the development of autoimmunity, including multiple sclerosis (MS). Here we show that nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + ) blocks experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of MS, by inducing immune homeostasis through CD4 + IFNγ + IL-10 + T cells and reverses disease progression by restoring tissue integrity via remyelination and neuroregeneration. (nature.com)
More recently, the role of Th1 and Th17 CD4 + cells in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the most commonly used experimental model for human MS, has been challenged, and it has been demonstrated that the transcription factor T-bet (also known as Tbx21 ) is critical for controlling Th1/Th17-mediated autoimmunity 12 . (nature.com)

Primary cutaneous CD30+ anaplastic large cell lymphomas mimicking KAs have been reported. (medscape.com)
Update on erythrodermic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: report of the International Society for Cutaneous Lymphomas. (medscape.com)
Usefulness of flow cytometry for differential diagnosis of precursor and peripheral T-cell and NK-cell lymphomas: analysis of 490 cases. (medscape.com)

Recombinant antibodies are highly consistent from lot to lot, thereby ensuring reproducible experimental results. (cellsignal.com)
Regardless of whether an antibody is polyclonal, monoclonal or recombinant, it must always be properly validated in the intended application prior to experimental use. (cellsignal.com)

Using this binding mechanism, an antibody can tag a microbe or an infected cell for attack by other parts of the immune system, or can neutralize it directly (for example, by blocking a part of a virus that is essential for its invasion). (wikipedia.org)

MS is an inflammatory-mediated demyelinating disease that has been associated with production of interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-17, two cytokines that are produced by Th1 and Th17 cells, respectively 12 . (nature.com)

An antibody against acetylated α- tubulin antibody (AcTubulin) was used to stain cilia. (echinobase.org)

EDN3 promoter methylation was analysed by methylation-specific PCR in breast cell lines (n = 6) before and after demethylating treatment, normal breast tissues (n = 17) and primary breast carcinomas (n = 128). (biomedcentral.com)
Earlier, unpublished versions of the NIOSH Occupational Exposure Banding process included band-specific ranges that approximate the GHS hazard categories, but has refined these cut points based on exposure response analyses, comparisons of OEBs to current OELs, and technical expertise. (cdc.gov)
Various studies find circulating antibodies to cartilage-specific collagen types II, IX, and XI to be present in 30%-70% of patients with relapsing polychondritis. (medscape.com)
1999). For all diseases, and many chemicals have been implicated as caus- known respiratory allergens, specific IgE antibody has been ative agents (Cronin, 1980). (cdc.gov)

For these studies we use neurons that are maintained in cell culture as well as genetically-modified strains of mice that are at increased risk for developing neurodegenerative conditions analogous to those observed in humans. (uml.edu)

We introduce a two-temperature product applied to a good insulator, alpha-quartz, to model warmth buildup direct tissue blot immunoassay in the SiO(Only two) lattice. (mirnaarray.com)

We show that the monocyte:macrophage balance is disrupted in colon inflammation to favour recruitment of CD14 + HLA-DR Int cells in humans, and Ly6C Hi monocytes in mice. (frontiersin.org)

Stem Cells 32(1):301-12, 2014. (mdanderson.org)

To approach this critical issue, antibodies were generated against two peptides, one derived from olfactory receptor mOR256-17, one derived from the "mOR37" subfamily. (jneurosci.org)

20 10% of the cells stained positive for the trophoblast marker cytokeratin 7. (engineering-gdfsuez.com)

Transfecting these cell lines with a codon optimized ERV-K113 env overexpressing CMV vector was performed with or without 5'-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (Aza) treatment to sustain promoter de-methylation. (frontiersin.org)

3, 4] This remained the prevailing hypothesis until 1984 when Swerlick and Cooper reported 5 new cases and a retrospective analysis of all cases of cheilitis glandularis reported up to that time. (medscape.com)

The concept that disease rooted principally in chronic aberrant constitutive and reactive activation of mast cells (MCs), without the gross MC neoplasia in mastocytosis, first emerged in the 1980s, but only in the last decade has recognition of "mast cell activation syndrome" (MCAS) grown significantly. (degruyter.com)
Subsequent literature regarding this newly recognized (but of course not truly new) "mast cell activation syndrome" (MCAS) included case reports as well as formal studies (mostly relatively small scale), reviews, and various proposals for formal diagnostic criteria. (degruyter.com)

It has recently been shown that murine intestinal macrophages are continually repopulated from circulating blood monocytes, identified by expression of the cell surface markers Ly6C, CCR2, and CD62L ( 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
Here, we aimed at a first comprehensive analysis on EDN3 expression and its implication in human breast cancer. (biomedcentral.com)

Anatomy15

Organisms9

Diseases15

Chemicals and Drugs70

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment56

Phenomena and Processes58

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Health Care8

Geographicals1

Proliferating-cell nu3

Antigen-antibody2

Monoclonal Antibody1

Recombinant antibody5

Proliferation7

Genes9

Microarrays4

Microarray6

Vitro6

Embryos2

Renal cell carc2

Epitope3

Assay3

Immunity3

Tumor cells1

Extracellular5

Protein13

Specificity1

Placenta3

Genetic7

Hypermethylation2

Cellular2

Proteomic1

Functional6

19983

Proteins8

Squamous6

Molecules2

Gene expression1

Detection1

Differentiation6

Approaches1

Lymphocytes2

Clinical6

Initially1

Receptors1

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Heavy chains1

Epithelial cells2

Endothelial cell1

Acute2

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Structural2

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Mast cell2

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