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Acid-Base EquilibriumAllelic ImbalanceAcid-Base ImbalanceBase PairingBase SequenceCytosineNucleic AcidsGuanineCarbocysteineHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationAlkalosisPurinesAcidosisAlkaliesHydrogen BondingAdenineCatalysisBicarbonatesDNA, B-FormAlkalosis, RespiratoryXanthopterinEducation, VeterinarySodium BicarbonateModels, MolecularHypermediaSkull BaseUracilMolecular Sequence DataDNABase CompositionAcidsSchiff BasesKineticsNucleic Acid ConformationThymineGasesCrystallography, X-RayBinding SitesNucleic Acid DenaturationXylosidasesPhysiologybeta-GlucosidaseCatalytic DomainBiocatalysisHistidineAmino Acid SequenceModels, ChemicalAmmonium ChlorideMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyThermodynamicsSubstrate SpecificityProtonsMolecular StructureEscherichia coliSpectrophotometry, UltravioletMutationMolecular ConformationPolynucleotidesWaterDNA, BacterialMutagenesis, Site-DirectedGlycoside HydrolasesBuffersElectronsChromosome AberrationsHydrogenRNASkull Base NeoplasmsPyrimidinesStereoisomerismBase Pair MismatchStructure-Activity RelationshipCarbon DioxideProtein BindingOxidation-ReductionProtein ConformationTemperatureSequence AlignmentCysteineNucleic Acid HybridizationGlutamic AcidHot TemperatureDenture BasesWater-Electrolyte ImbalanceBacterial ProteinsPeptidesSequence Homology, Amino AcidGene DosageComparative Genomic HybridizationProtein Structure, TertiaryCulture MediaIn Situ Hybridization, FluorescenceLoss of HeterozygosityOxidative StressAllelesRNA, MessengerChromosome DeletionMicrosatellite RepeatsPolymerase Chain ReactionDNA, Neoplasm
Electrolyte ImbalanceElectrolytesRenalBicarbonateFluidDisturbancesLacticAcidosisCarbonic acidDehydrationTrans fattyAbnormalitiesFatty acidsMetabolicIncluding fetalExcretionBalanceExcessBenzoic acidMetabolitesBody'sKidneyAccumulationDecreasesSodiumDizzinessBloodSystemicSupplementationProportion of acidHomeostasisEliminationWeakKidneysHydrogenAmountMineralDiabetesTreatmentDevelop
Electrolyte Imbalance1
  • The elderly are more susceptible to electrolyte imbalance and are more likely to experience hyperkalaemia since renal reserve may be reduced. (janusinfo.se)
Electrolytes3
  • Treatment of pediatric patients with ATN requires correction of imbalances in fluid volume, electrolytes, and acid-base balance. (medscape.com)
  • Patients are referred to nephrology experts after a urinalysis, for multiple reasons, such as chronic kidney disease, acute kidney failure, hematuria, kidney stones , proteinuria hypertension, and disorders of electrolytes or acid/base. (maxhealthcare.in)
  • Electrolytes/Acid-Base Imbalance. (veterinarians.org)
Renal4
  • To eliminate waste products from the body, the kidney filters gigantic quantities of the plasma (over 160 quarts per day) resulting in the flow of huge quantities of water, NaCl and the base bicarbonate through the renal tubules. (yale.edu)
  • The first portion of each renal tubule is called the proximal tubule, and the proximal tubules are collectively responsible for reabsorbing the vast majority of the filtered NaCl, bicarbonate and water, and secreting acid in the form of ammonium ions. (yale.edu)
  • Notwithstanding this questionable role of bone mineral in systemic acid-base equilibrium, not only in CKD but even more in the absence of renal impairment, it is postulated that, in healthy individuals, foods, particularly those containing animal protein, would induce 'latent' acidosis and result, in the long run, in osteoporosis. (cambridge.org)
  • In a historical perspective, the present review dissects out speculation from experimental facts and emphasises the essential role of the renal tubule in systemic acid-base and Ca homeostasis. (cambridge.org)
Bicarbonate6
  • It occurs when the body can't excrete acid properly, too much acid is produced, acid is ingested, or too much bicarbonate is lost. (nursetogether.com)
  • The body attempts to compensate for this imbalance through the respiratory system by hyperventilation to blow off excess CO2 and readjust the bicarbonate to CO2 ratio. (nursetogether.com)
  • The bicarbonate test is primarily used to test for electrolyte or pH (acid to base balance) imbalances in the body. (medic8.com)
  • A process that involves a gain of acids, a loss of bicarbonate, or both.This results in decreased pH. (vin.com)
  • A doctor evaluates a person's acid-base balance by measuring the pH and levels of carbon dioxide (an acid) and bicarbonate (a base) in the blood. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The most important pH buffer system in the blood involves carbonic acid (a weak acid formed from the carbon dioxide dissolved in blood) and bicarbonate ions (the corresponding weak base). (msdmanuals.com)
Fluid2
  • 3) Acid-base balance or imbalance in extra-cellular fluid (ECF). (easycalculation.com)
  • They help control the amount of fluid and the balance of acids and bases (pH balance) in your body. (medlineplus.gov)
Disturbances11
  • In this interactive object, the learner matches various disorders to the acid-base disturbances they cause. (wisc-online.com)
  • Acid-base disturbances are diagnosed from a patient's chemistry and blood gas results, but there are multiple approaches to determining the underlying causes and initiating treatment. (ebmedicine.net)
  • This issue presents a summary of the chemistry and physiology of acid-base disturbances and uses a workbook-style format of 8 real-life cases to illustrate the approaches to diagnosing and managing these disorders. (ebmedicine.net)
  • The 6 primary states of acid-base disturbances: what are the 6 rules for calculating expected changes in [HCO 3 -] and PaCO 2 ? (ebmedicine.net)
  • How do the historical approaches to characterization of acid-base disturbances differ, and how is each used? (ebmedicine.net)
  • Acid-base disturbances are physiological responses to a wide variety of underlying conditions and critical illnesses. (ebmedicine.net)
  • While existing literature consists largely of physiology reviews, several well-designed studies and clinical practice guidelines provide relevant new perspectives on interpreting and managing acid-base disturbances. (ebmedicine.net)
  • This review outlines several approaches to characterizing disturbances, with a case-based format and algorithms to aid in diagnostic testing and interpretation of arterial blood gases. (ebmedicine.net)
  • This issue of Emergency Medicine Practice utilizes a workbook approach in order to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of respective approaches to acid-base disturbances. (ebmedicine.net)
  • It may also cause electrolyte and acid base disturbances, rarely the mode of presentation. (who.int)
  • It may also cause electrolyte and with similar biochemical abnormalities urinary chloride excretion (20 mg/dL) acid base disturbances, rarely the mode (Table 1). (who.int)
Lactic1
  • Metabolic acidosis is diagnosed through laboratory tests like arterial blood gas, blood ketones, basic metabolic panel, lactic acid test, urine pH, and urine ketones. (nursetogether.com)
Acidosis4
Carbonic acid3
  • Where: 6.1 is the dissociation constant of carbonic acid in body fluids, 0.03 is the CO 2 solubility constant (as a conventional evaluation of H 2 CO 3 ). (vin.com)
  • Acetazolamide is an enzyme inhibitor that acts specifically on carbonic anhydrase, the enzyme that catalyzes the reversible reaction involving the hydration of carbon dioxide and the dehydration of carbonic acid. (nih.gov)
  • The diuretic effect of acetazolamide is due to its action in the kidney on the reversible reaction involving hydration of carbon dioxide and dehydration of carbonic acid. (nih.gov)
Dehydration1
Trans fatty1
  • Unhealthy foods Foods high in saturated fats, trans-fatty acids, free sugars or salt (i.e. energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods). (who.int)
Abnormalities2
  • Because acid-base imbalances can cause cardiac conduction abnormalities or arrhythmias, baseline blood work and a lead II electrocardiogram should be prioritized above other diagnostics. (dvm360.com)
  • A follow-up chest X-ray (CXR) was then scored based on lung abnormalities and compared with baseline CXR images. (bvsalud.org)
Fatty acids2
  • Carbohydrates provide the fatty acids needed for cellular energy. (freezingblue.com)
  • Currently, major activities include measurements of hormones, inflammatory factors, fatty acids, and endogenous metabolites , analysed by a variety of assays, such as immunoassays, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), in samples from large-scale epidemiological studies. (who.int)
Metabolic2
  • There is also metabolic alkalosis , which occurs when the body contains excessive amounts of base or alkali. (nursetogether.com)
  • The body maintains a balance of acids and bases in order to constantly maintain blood pH within a narrow range, despite the continuous generation of metabolic products. (vin.com)
Including fetal1
  • During the absorption process and after absorption, aspirin is mainly hydrolyzed to salicylic acid and distributed to all body tissues and fluids, including fetal tissues, breast milk, and the central nervous system (CNS). (drugs.com)
Excretion4
  • Based on this discovery, our laboratory has been devoting increasing effort to understanding the role of transporters in governing oxalate homeostasis and excretion. (yale.edu)
  • Our general goal is to characterize the mechanisms regulating sodium, acid-base, and anion excretion by the kidney. (yale.edu)
  • Urinary excretion products included parent drug (about 3.6% of the dose), 5-isobutyl-5-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl) barbituric acid (about 24% of the dose), 5-allyl-5(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-propyl) barbituric acid (about 4.8% of the dose), products with the barbituric acid ring hydrolyzed with excretion of urea (about 14% of the dose), as well as unidentified materials. (drugs.com)
  • This hypothesis posits that foods associated with an increased urinary acid excretion are deleterious for the skeleton, leading to osteoporosis and enhanced fragility fracture risk. (cambridge.org)
Balance9
  • Clinical aspects of acid-base balance - why perform acid-bases analysis, definitions. (vetacademy.org)
  • The general goal of our research is to understand how the kidney regulates the composition of the urine, especially as needed to maintain the salt (NaCl) and acid-base balance of the body. (yale.edu)
  • Students read about how acid/base balance affects a person's health. (wisc-online.com)
  • A dehydrated dog experiences an imbalance in the electrolyte status and acid-base balance, which can be life-threatening. (veterinarians.org)
  • Study acid-base balance and how imbalances can promote disorder in the body. (flemingcollege.ca)
  • The body's balance between acidity and alkalinity is referred to as acid-base balance. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The blood's acid-base balance is precisely controlled because even a minor deviation from the normal range can severely affect many organs. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The body uses different mechanisms to control the blood's acid-base balance. (msdmanuals.com)
  • These weak acids and bases exist in pairs that are in balance under normal pH conditions. (msdmanuals.com)
Excess1
Benzoic acid1
  • Chemically, aspirin (acetylsalicyclic acid) is 2-(acetyloxy)-, benzoic acid and its molecular formula is C 9 H 8 O 4 , with a molecular weight of 180.16. (rxlist.com)
Metabolites1
  • In plasma, about 50%-80% of the salicylic acid and its metabolites are loosely bound to plasma proteins. (drugs.com)
Body's1
  • The pH buffer systems are combinations of the body's own naturally occurring weak acids and weak bases. (msdmanuals.com)
Kidney1
  • The nutritional acid load hypothesis of osteoporosis is reviewed from its historical origin to most recent studies with particular attention to the essential but overlooked role of the kidney in acid-base homeostasis. (cambridge.org)
Accumulation1
  • Accordingly, in CKD, bone mineral mobilisation would serve as a buffer system to acid accumulation. (cambridge.org)
Decreases2
  • Collectively alcohol publicity alters maternal and fetal acid-base stability decreases uterine blood circulation and alters fetal local brain blood circulation. (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • Blood alkalinity increases when the level of acid in the body decreases or when the level of base increases. (msdmanuals.com)
Sodium2
  • It is important to maintain an optimal sodium concentration because a sodium imbalance can affect your blood volume. (livestrong.com)
  • In addition, each 10 mg vial contains 20.75 mg citric acid anhydrous, 16.25 mg dibasic sodium phosphate anhydrous, 97 mg mannitol (to adjust tonicity), sodium hydroxide and/or phosphoric acid to buffer and adjust to a pH range of 3.5 to 4.5. (nih.gov)
Dizziness1
  • The test is usually ordered for patients who are experiencing symptoms of an electrolyte or pH imbalance, including weakness, muscle spasms, confusion, dizziness, fatigue and changes in blood pressure. (medic8.com)
Blood3
  • Significantly L-glutamine supplementation mitigates alcohol-induced acid-base imbalances and modifications in fetal local brain blood circulation. (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • The blood has too much acid (or too little base), resulting in a decrease in blood pH. (msdmanuals.com)
  • This book, based on the microscopic evaluation of blood leading to correct nutrition, will light this path for you. (hachettebookgroup.com)
Systemic2
  • Hydrofluoric acid is a serious systemic poison. (cdc.gov)
  • Ingestion of even a small amount of hydrofluoric acid is likely to produce systemic effects and may be fatal. (cdc.gov)
Supplementation1
  • The supplementation of exogenous enzymes to corn- and soybean meal-based broiler diets allows supplying nutrient deficiencies and to reduce endogenous losses, thereby optimizing performance, particularly during early life. (scielo.br)
Proportion of acid1
  • The pH buffer systems work chemically to minimize changes in the pH of a solution by adjusting the proportion of acid and base. (msdmanuals.com)
Homeostasis1
  • Homeostasis of acid-base physiology is complex and interdependent with the function of the lungs, kidneys, and endogenous buffer systems. (ebmedicine.net)
Elimination1
  • The elimination of therapeutic doses is through the kidneys either as salicylic acid or other biotransformation products. (drugs.com)
Weak1
  • Although hydrofluoric acid is weak compared with most other mineral acids, it can produce serious health effects by any route of exposure. (cdc.gov)
Kidneys1
  • The kidneys have some ability to alter the amount of acid or base that is excreted, but because the kidneys make these adjustments more slowly than the lungs do, this compensation generally takes several days. (msdmanuals.com)
Hydrogen1
  • Most hydrogen fluoride exposures occur by inhalation of the gas and dermal contact with hydrofluoric acid. (cdc.gov)
Amount1
  • When fat and oil intake falls below____ of kcal there is a greater risk that the diet will not provide an adequate amount of essential fatty acid. (freezingblue.com)
Mineral1
  • It is produced commercially by action of sulfuric acid on the mineral fluorspar. (cdc.gov)
Diabetes1
  • A definition of diabetes was based on the past history of diabetes or if the HbA1c was 6.5% or higher. (bvsalud.org)
Treatment1
  • The choice of fixed dose combination Atazanavir (as sulfate)/Ritonavir 300 mg/100 mg Tablets for use in treatment-experienced patients should be based on treatment history of patients and, if available, also on individual viral resistance testing (see sections 4.4 and 5.1). (who.int)
Develop1
  • Develop your knowledge and understanding of acid base imbalance in dogs. (vetacademy.org)