These horses generally have radiographic changes as well, with acute sinusitis of the paranasal sinuses and occasional remodeling of the bone. (horsedvm.com)
Treatment of acute sinusitis consists of providing adequate drainage of the involved sinus and appropriate systemic treatment of the likely bacterial pathogens. (medscape.com)
The anterior clinoid processes and the planum sphenoidale, which forms the roof of the sphenoid sinus, mark the posterior limit. (medscape.com)
Ethmoid5
Air containing mucosal lined sinuses surround the nasal cavity, which includes the frontal, paired maxillary, sphenoid, and ethmoid sinuses. (nih.gov)
Surrounding the nasal cavities are air-containing mucosal lined sinuses, which include the frontal sinuses (superior anterior), ethmoid sinuses (superior), paired maxillary sinuses (lateral), and sphenoid sinuses (posterior). (nih.gov)
The 5 bones that make up the skull base are the ethmoid, sphenoid, occipital, paired frontal, and paired temporal bones. (medscape.com)
The ethmoid bone forms the central part of the floor, which is the deepest area of the anterior cranial fossa. (medscape.com)
The cribriform plate may be more than 1 cm lower than the roof of the ethmoid cavity (fovea ethmoidalis), and it is made of extremely thin bone compared with the relatively thick bone of the lateral fovea ethmoidalis. (medscape.com)
The secretions from these sinuses drain into the nasal cavity via the thin-walled ostia. (nih.gov)
Like the nasal cavity, the wall lining of the sinuses also secretes mucus. (nih.gov)
All of these paranasal sinuses, except the sphenoid, communicate with the nasal cavity via ducts that drain through ostia, which empty into spaces located on the lateral wall. (nih.gov)
Five of these sinus cavities drain through a communal opening into the nasal cavity. (horsedvm.com)
The foramen cecum sits between the frontal crest and the prominent crista galli and is a site of communication between the draining veins of the nasal cavity and the superior sagittal sinus. (medscape.com)
Mucosal1
The lateral walls are spiral shaped mucosal folds that overlie the turbinates and sinus ducts draining into the ostia. (nih.gov)
The posterior wall is thin and adjacent to the superior sagittal sinus and frontal lobe dura. (medscape.com)
Mucus1
The sinus cavity was flushed for a couple of days to remove all the residual mucoid (mucus) material and an endoscopy of the paranasal sinuses revealed no other abnormalities. (horsedvm.com)
Spaces located1
The growth of this cyst had resulted in a blockage which was preventing his interrelated paranasal sinuses (air-filled spaces located within the bones of the skull) from draining. (horsedvm.com)
Drainage1
Drainage can be achieved surgically with sinus puncture and irrigation techniques. (medscape.com)
Cavities2
This cavity is divided into two separate cavities by the septum and kept patent by a bone and cartilaginous framework. (nih.gov)
The middle of the external nose develops from caudal progression of the medial nasal folds, which fuse to form the frontonasal process. (medscape.com)
Lateral3
The nasal placode, which arises from surface ectoderm, develops on the lateral aspects of the frontal prominence. (medscape.com)
The depression separating the maxillary swelling from the lateral nasal prominences is known as the nasolacrimal groove, which eventually gives rise to the nasolacrimal apparatus. (medscape.com)
The frontal bone houses the supraorbital foramina, which, along with the frontal sinuses, form 2 important surgical landmarks during approaches involving the anterior skull base. (medscape.com)
The greater portion of the anterior floor is convex and grooved by the frontal lobe gyri. (medscape.com)
The most important anatomic structures below the anterior cranial fossa are the orbits and the paranasal sinuses. (medscape.com)
Infraorbital2
The sellar and dorsal regions of the nose are supplied by branches of the internal maxillary artery (namely, the infraorbital) and ophthalmic arteries (which are from the internal carotid system). (medscape.com)
The IOF transmits the maxillary nerve (CN V2) and infraorbital vessels, and it communicates with the infratemporal and pterygomaxillary fossae. (medscape.com)
Surgical2
Fourways Equine Clinic performed a specific type of surgical procedure that is typical for horses with a maxillary sinus cyst. (horsedvm.com)
The surgical procedure involves a sinus trephination (drilling a round trephination hole) into the frontal sinus of the horse, using surgical tools. (horsedvm.com)
Facial1
The clinical signs that the horse was experiencing were typical of horses with a maxillary sinus cyst---with the most common being nasal airway obstruction, facial swelling, and nasal discharge. (horsedvm.com)
Cheek1
In younger horses, the maxillary sinus accommodates the "reserve" crowns of the last four cheek teeth and as the horse ages, so the sinus becomes progressively larger. (horsedvm.com)
Diagnosis1
A complete sinus CT scan with frontal and coronal planes is used if an alternative diagnosis (eg, tumors) must be excluded. (medscape.com)
Septum1
Rhinoplasty may remove a bump, narrow nostril width, change the angle between the nose and the mouth, or address injuries, birth defects, or other problems that affect breathing, such as a deviated nasal septum or a sinus condition. (wikipedia.org)
During the third week of development, ectodermal cells in the caudal portion of the developing embryo proliferate and migrate medially and caudally to form the notochordal process. (medscape.com)
Area1
This is because without treatment, horses are more at risk of developing secondary sinusitis (which can be from something as simple as a tooth root abscess), and more sinister growths within the same area of the paranasal sinuses. (horsedvm.com)
Treatment3
Using univariable linear regression, we assessed the association between patient/treatment factors and QOL scale scores as measured by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QOL Questionnaire Core 15-Palliative (QLQ-C15-PAL) and the EORTC QOL Questionnaire Bone Metastases module (QLQ-BM22). (bvsalud.org)
ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: To date, the association between treatment factors and QOL in patients with bone metastases has not been fully studied. (bvsalud.org)
Methods and Materials: From December 2020 to March 2021, a prospective multi-institutional observational study was conducted to investigate income and employment of patients at the start of administration of radiation therapy for bone metastasis and at 2 and 6 months after treatment. (bvsalud.org)
Important1
If a horse is suspected of having a maxillary sinus cyst, it is really important for the horse to be examined by a veterinarian. (horsedvm.com)
Nasal13
The head and neck can be conceptualized by dividing it into the following segments: (1) nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, (2) oral cavity, (3) pharynx, (4) larynx, (5) salivary glands, and (6) thyroid [see Figure 1]. (medscape.com)
There are three paired turbinates in the nasal cavity, which further subdivide the nasal vault from cephalad to caudal, creating the superior, middle, and inferior meatuses. (medscape.com)
They can originate in any of the paranasal sinuses or the nasal cavity proper and often remain silent or are mistakenly treated as an infectious or inflammatory condition, with a consequent delay in the diagnosis. (medscape.com)
The nasal placode, which arises from surface ectoderm, develops on the lateral aspects of the frontal prominence. (medscape.com)
The depression separating the maxillary swelling from the lateral nasal prominences is known as the nasolacrimal groove, which eventually gives rise to the nasolacrimal apparatus. (medscape.com)
The middle of the external nose develops from caudal progression of the medial nasal folds, which fuse to form the frontonasal process. (medscape.com)
Rhinoplasty may remove a bump, narrow nostril width, change the angle between the nose and the mouth, or address injuries, birth defects, or other problems that affect breathing, such as a deviated nasal septum or a sinus condition. (wikipedia.org)
The foramen cecum sits between the frontal crest and the prominent crista galli and is a site of communication between the draining veins of the nasal cavity and the superior sagittal sinus. (medscape.com)
The sphenoid sinus remains the most dangerous sinus to manipulate surgically because of the surrounding vital structures (i.e., the carotid artery, the optic nerve, the trigeminal nerve, and the vidian nerve). (medscape.com)
The anterior clinoid processes and the planum sphenoidale, which forms the roof of the sphenoid sinus, mark the posterior limit. (medscape.com)
The frontal bone houses the supraorbital foramina, which, along with the frontal sinuses, form 2 important surgical landmarks during approaches involving the anterior skull base. (medscape.com)
The hypopharynx extends from the superior border of the hyoid bone to the inferior border of the cricoid cartilage. (medscape.com)
Includes1
It includes the pyriform sinuses, the hypopharyngeal walls, and the postcricoid region (i.e., the area of the pharyngoesophageal junction). (medscape.com)