Carcinomas chromosomes human pair 3. Medical search. Frequent questions

This cell line may represent a useful model to investigate the significance of the K-ras gene product for the pathogenesis of human tumors. (johnshopkins.edu)
In order to find common genetic abnormalities that may identify loci of genes involved in the development of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), we investigated DNA copy number changes in 24 of these tumors by comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). (psu.edu)
A frequent novel finding was the loss of DNA copy number in chromosome 12q (eight tumors, 33%) with the minimal common overlapping region at 12q12-q13. (psu.edu)
Many cases of NMIBC tumors have a chromosome 9 deletion, which typically occurs early in tumor formation. (medlineplus.gov)
The abnormal reactivation of human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (TERT) is a common hallmark of human solid tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
Studies have also shown that AA women tend to develop estrogen receptor (ER) negative tumors at an earlier age, and EA women are more likely to develop ER positive tumors at later ages [ 3 - 8 ]. (cdc.gov)

For example, maybe in the condition of high cell density, cells will secrete more cytokines, and then hepatocellular carcinoma cells can promote the growth of the cells through paracrine pathways. (igem.org)
HepG2 is an immortalized cell line consisting of human liver carcinoma cells, derived from the liver tissue of a 15-year-old Caucasian male who had a well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma. (igem.org)
However, the functional role of SPC24 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unknown. (oncotarget.com)
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is considered one of the foremost cancers worldwide. (bvsalud.org)

Transmembrane protease, serine 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TMPRSS2 gene. (wikipedia.org)
TMPRSS2-ERG fusion gene is the most frequent, present in 40% - 80% of prostate cancers in humans. (wikipedia.org)
To date the researchers have sequenced a working draft of the three chromosomes, leaving some scattered gaps in less gene-rich areas. (sciencedaily.com)
We found that scavenger receptor class A member 5( SCARA5 ), located on chromosome 8p21.1, is the downstream driving gene of THSD7A in ESCC [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
It has been reported that miR-126 is located on chromosome 9q34.3 within the host gene encoding for epidermal growth factor like-7 (EGFL-7), an endothelial cell-derived, secreted inhibitor of smooth muscle cell migration and a regulator of blood vessel formation ( 12 , 13 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
These are some of the gene count estimates of human chromosome 9. (wikipedia.org)
Because researchers use different approaches to genome annotation , their predictions of the number of genes on each chromosome varies (for technical details, see gene prediction ). (wikipedia.org)
So CCDS's gene number prediction represents a lower bound on the total number of human protein-coding genes. (wikipedia.org)
The ABO gene , which determines ABO blood type , is located on the long arm of this chromosome. (wikipedia.org)
Correlation analysis and target prediction with genes in the gene set of IFN-α response revealed that 10 miRNA-mRNA pairs presented a significant correlation. (bvsalud.org)
Loss of function mutations in TERT , the telomerase reverse transcriptase gene, and TR (also known as TERC ), the telomerase RNA, underlie up to 20% and 3% of familial and sporadic pulmonary fibrosis cases, respectively [ 8 ], [ 9 ]. (ersjournals.com)
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have found further evidence linking a method used to deliver gene therapy in humans with the development of liver tumours in mice. (myvmc.com)
The same delivery method is also used in some gene therapy clinical trials in humans, but as of yet no studies have found an association between the AAV vector and cancer in patients. (myvmc.com)
Based on Sands' research in mice, two human AAV gene therapy trials were briefly halted. (myvmc.com)
His research, funded by the National Institutes of Health, uses AAV to insert a corrective human gene for beta-glucuronidase into newborn MPS VII mice. (myvmc.com)
The researchers found no tumours in a group of transgenic mice whose DNA was altered with the insertion of the human beta-glucuronidase gene using genetic engineering techniques rather than the viral vector. (myvmc.com)
The translocation involved in this condition, written as t(9;22), fuses part of the ABL1 gene from chromosome 9 with part of the BCR gene from chromosome 22, creating an abnormal fusion gene called BCR-ABL1 . (medlineplus.gov)
The abnormal chromosome 22, containing a piece of chromosome 9 and the fusion gene, is commonly called the Philadelphia chromosome. (medlineplus.gov)
Amazingly, the first human cancer gene was cloned only thirty years ago. (jcancer.org)
Without doubt, the first human transforming gene, and more broadly, oncogenes and anti-oncogenes, had been previously theorized by Theodor Boveri. (jcancer.org)
E ditor -The Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a rare familial cancer syndrome that predisposes gene carriers to the development of diverse early onset malignancies, including soft tissue sarcomas, osteosarcomas, adrenocortical carcinomas, brain tumours, breast carcinomas, and leukaemia, 1-3 with other cancer types occurring less frequently. (bmj.com)
In practical applications, E-cadherin is used as a phenotypic marker of the lobular subtype of cancer, where loss of hetero zygosity in chromosome region 16q22.1, the gene region encoding E-cadherin ( CDH1 ) is frequent ( 6 ). (iiarjournals.org)
The aim of this study was to analyse EGFR expression, EGFR gene copy number and EGFR and K-RAS mutations in two cohorts of squamous cell carcinomas, specifically anal canal and tonsil carcinomas. (biomedcentral.com)
In our investigated panel, only one mutation in the K-RAS gene of a tonsil squamous cell carcinoma was identified. (biomedcentral.com)
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is associated with translocation between chromosome 9 & chromosome 22, t(9;22)(q34;q11.2) and with the formation of BCR-ABL fusion gene. (who.int)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that bind to the 3' UTR of target mRNAs, and silence gene expression by inducing degradation of target mRNAs or inhibition of protein translation [ 10 ]. (cdc.gov)

EGFR immunoreactivity was present in 36/43 (83.7%) of anal canal and in 20/24 (83.3%) of tonsil squamous cell carcinomas. (biomedcentral.com)

However, studies have also reported that aberrant overexpression of miR-126 contributes to carcinogenesis, suggesting that miR-126 acts as an oncogene in gastric cancer and oral squamous cell carcinoma ( 16 , 17 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Epigenetic regulation of the X-Linked tumor suppressors BEX1 and LDOC1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma. (nhri.edu.tw)

The chromosomes contain an estimated 10-15,000 genes, including those whose defects may lead to genetically linked diseases such as certain forms of kidney disease, prostate and colorectal cancer, leukemia, hypertension, diabetes and atherosclerosis. (sciencedaily.com)
Disease-linked genes on this chromosome include those for colorectal cancer, basal cell carcinoma, acute myelogenous leukemia, salt-resistant hypertension and a type of dwarfism. (sciencedaily.com)
With the availability of effective anti-EGFR therapies for various solid malignancies, such as non-cell small lung cancer, colorectal cancer and squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, the knowledge of EGFR and K-RAS status becomes clinically important. (biomedcentral.com)
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been validated as a therapeutic target in several human tumours, including colorectal cancer (CRC), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC). (biomedcentral.com)

Identifying genes on each chromosome is an active area of genetic research. (medlineplus.gov)
Because researchers use different approaches to predict the number of genes on each chromosome, the estimated number of genes varies. (medlineplus.gov)

Genomic comparison of paired primary breast carcinomas and lymph node macrometastases using the Oncotype DX Breast Recurrence Score ® test. (cdc.gov)
These data provide a foundational map of large SV in the morbid human genome and demonstrate a previously underappreciated abundance and diversity of cxSV that should be considered in genomic studies of human disease. (biomedcentral.com)

An invasive (infiltrating) CARCINOMA of the mammary ductal system (MAMMARY GLANDS) in the human BREAST. (lookformedical.com)
T-47D are epithelial cells isolated from a pleural effusion obtained from a 54-year-old female patient with an infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast. (atcc.org)

It represents a large group of epithelial lung malignancies which can be divided into two clinical groups: SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER and NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG CARCINOMA . (lookformedical.com)
Studies have implicated genes on this chromosome in the development of breast and prostate cancer, Crohn's disease and adult polycystic kidney disease, which affects an estimated five million people worldwide. (sciencedaily.com)
This work enlarges the functional landscape of known long noncoding RNAs in human cancer and provides novel insights into the suppressive roles of these long noncoding RNAs. (cancerindex.org)
Although Barrett's adenocarcinoma is the most rapidly increasing cancer in Western countries, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains dominant in East Asia ( 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 2 sensitizes ovarian carcinoma cells to multiple cancer therapeutics. (nih.gov)
Deletions of part or all of chromosome 9 are commonly found in bladder cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
A rearrangement (translocation) of genetic material between chromosomes 9 and 22 causes a type of cancer of blood-forming cells called chronic myeloid leukemia. (medlineplus.gov)
Fig. 3: Cancer-type specificity of neoloop-involved genes. (nature.com)
A census of human cancer genes. (nature.com)
Cancer has been in existence longer than human beings, and man has been facing the illness ever since he made his appearance on Earth. (jcancer.org)
Chemical carcinogenesis was brought to light with the observations of Paracelsus on cancer onset and environmental exposure to chemicals undertaken over six centuries ago ( 1 - 3 ). (jcancer.org)
The first description of human cancer can be found in the Edwin Smith Papyrus dated 3000 BC that illustrated a case of breast cancer. (jcancer.org)
13 p16 INK4a is a cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor that is frequently mutated or deleted in many human cancer cell lines 14-16 and some sporadic malignancies, including sarcomas, breast cancer, leukaemia, and brain tumours, which are all component tumours of LFS. (bmj.com)
1979. Chemicals and industrial processes associated with cancer in humans. (cdc.gov)
These studies implicate a potential mechanism suppressing the loss of genetic material after chromosome pulverization, although how distinct patterns of rearrangements arise in cancer and germline disorders remains unclear. (nature.com)
We have selected a total of 89 treatment naïve lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) or lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) patients from the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College who underwent definitive surgical resection before adjuvant therapy, including chemotherapy or radiotherapy. (biomedcentral.com)
Despite these discoveries, the patterns, rates, and properties of cxSVs have primarily been the focus of cancer genomics and such rearrangements remain largely underappreciated in the human germline. (biomedcentral.com)
[ 1 ] Identifying candidate precursors or enabling genes may pave the way for cancer screening, as with the ret proto-oncogene and medullary thyroid carcinoma . (medscape.com)
In head and neck cancer, the histologic progression of severity from hyperplasia, dysplasia, and carcinoma in situ to invasion provides a framework to understand the genetic progression of cancer. (medscape.com)

Karyotypic analysis revealed no detectable double minute chromosomes but did show an abnormal banding region on chromosome 6. (johnshopkins.edu)

ASO Author Reflections: Can Circulating Tumor DNA Guide Individualized Treatment for Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma? (elsevierpure.com)
Thrombospondin type 1 domain-containing 7A ( THSD7A ) was reported to play a procancer role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). (hindawi.com)
Therefore, it is important to explore candidate genes that could have significance to the clinical diagnosis, as well as the treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) at the molecular level [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common histologic subtype in China. (spandidos-publications.com)

We have recently reported that ascitic cells from a human ovarian carcinoma have a 10- to 20-fold K-ras amplification and that the level of such amplification did not change over a 9-month period during which the patient received chemotherapy and underwent clinical progression. (johnshopkins.edu)

A 3-way Rare Variant Ph Translocation t(7;9;22) in a patient with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. (who.int)
Here in, we describe a 45 yrs old male, diagnosed as CML in Chronic phase with a complex translocation involving chromosomes 7, 9 & 22. (who.int)

Selective loss of E-cadherin can cause de-differentiation and invasiveness in human carcinomas, leading this marker to be classified as a tumor suppressor ( 5 ). (iiarjournals.org)

An image depicting head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in vitro can be seen below. (medscape.com)
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in vitro (cell culture). (medscape.com)

Monoclonal antibodies directed against the extracellular domain of EGFR and small molecule inhibitors of the tyrosine kinase domain of the receptor have been evaluated in the treatment of several solid tumours including CRC, NSCLC and HNSCC [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Relevant of mutagenicity and clastogenici- angiosarcomas of the liver, which carcinogens discussed in this chap- ty, including the induction of sister are rare tumours, were identified in ter do not include pharmaceutical chromatid exchange (SCE), chro- humans, rats, and mice exposed to drugs classified in Group 1, which mosomal aberrations (CA), and mi- vinyl chloride. (who.int)

Researchers at the Department of Energy's Joint Genome Institute in Walnut Creek, California, have decoded in draft form the genetic information on human chromosomes 5, 16 and 19. (sciencedaily.com)
April 13, 2000 -- U.S. Secretary of Energy Bill Richardson announced today that researchers at the Department of Energy's Joint Genome Institute in Walnut Creek, California, have decoded in draft form the genetic information on human chromosomes 5, 16 and 19. (sciencedaily.com)
All involved in this great international labor of discovery are tremendously excited, delighted, and even a little surprised, by how swiftly it is now racing towards its wonderful, revolutionizing goals," said Dr. Elbert Branscomb, director of the Joint Genome Institute and chief scientist for the Energy Department's human genome program. (sciencedaily.com)
The three chromosomes sequenced by Department of Energy researchers contain more than 300 million base pairs, or an estimated 11 percent of the total human genome. (sciencedaily.com)
Chromosome 5 contains an estimated 194 million bases, or about 6 percent of the human genome. (sciencedaily.com)
Chromosome 16 contains about 98 million bases, or about 3 percent of the human genome. (sciencedaily.com)
The Joint Genome Institute, established in 1997, is one of the largest publicly funded human genome sequencing centers in the world. (sciencedaily.com)
The Department of Energy began the Human Genome Project in 1986 to map and determine the complete DNA sequence of the human genome. (sciencedaily.com)
A genome sequence is the complete list of the nucleotides (A, C, G, and T for DNA genomes) that make up all the chromosomes of an individual or a species. (genome101.com)
In humans, the genome consists of 23 pairs of chromosomes located in the cell's nucleus, as well as a small chromosome in the cell's mitochondria. (genome101.com)
Virtually every single cell in the body contains a complete copy of the approximately 3 billion DNA base pairs, or letters, that make up the human genome. (genome101.com)
Human genome, all of the approximately three billion base pairs of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that make up the entire set of chromosomes of the human organism. (genome101.com)
The human genome includes the coding regions of DNA, which encode all the genes (between 20,000 and 25,000) of the human organism, as well. (genome101.com)
The Human Genome Project (HGP) is one of the greatest scientific feats in history. (genome101.com)
Consortium, E. P. An integrated encyclopedia of DNA elements in the human genome. (nature.com)
The maintenance of a single centromere per chromosome is critical for establishing bipolar microtubule attachments to the mitotic spindle and achieving high-fidelity genome segregation 17 . (nature.com)
Structural variation (SV) influences genome organization and contributes to human disease. (biomedcentral.com)

It is located on chromosome 9p21 and its three exons encode a 156 amino acid, 15.8 kDa protein. (bmj.com)
Early clonal genetic events in benign hyperplastic lesions show losses at chromosomes 9p21 and 3p. (medscape.com)

Chromosome 9 spans about 150 million base pairs of nucleic acids (the building blocks of DNA ) and represents between 4.0 and 4.5% of the total DNA in cells . (wikipedia.org)
Chromosome 9 is made up of about 141 million DNA building blocks (base pairs) and represents approximately 4.5 percent of the total DNA in cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Affected individuals are missing at least 352,000 base pairs, also written as 352 kilobases (kb), in the q22.3 region of chromosome 9. (medlineplus.gov)
the largest reported deletion included 20.5 million base pairs (20.5 Mb). (medlineplus.gov)
As of 2003, 99% of the chemical base pairs that make up human DNA had been sequenced to within 99.99% accuracy. (medscape.com)

The expression of miR-126 was detected in cancerous and paired paracancer tissues from 102 patients with ESCC. (spandidos-publications.com)
The expression of SPC24 mRNA was investigated in 212 cases of paired HCC and adjacent liver tissues by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and in the tissues of 20 HCC patients by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. (oncotarget.com)
Formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from anal and tonsil carcinoma were used. (biomedcentral.com)

Insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3) were overexpressed in ESCC. (spandidos-publications.com)

EGFR amplification was seen in tonsil but not in anal canal carcinomas. (biomedcentral.com)

Mutations occur rarely, and in order for a cell to become cancerous - this is calculated for human fibroblasts - about 100 divisions must occur (this number of divisions usually occurs in a person at about the age of 40) [5]. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
The luciferase assay confirmed that TERT p dup behaved as gain-of-function mutations causing a 2,3-2,5 fold increase of TERT transcription. (biomedcentral.com)
EGFR mutations were absent from squamous cell carcinoma of the anus and tonsils, but EGFR protein expression was detected in the majority of the cases. (biomedcentral.com)

SPC24 is an important component of the nuclear division cycle 80 (Ndc80) kinetochore complex, which plays an essential role in the coupling of kinetochore to spindle microtubules (MTs) and the accurate segregation of chromosomes during mitosis. (oncotarget.com)

As each chromosome contains a single centromere, it remains unclear how acentric fragments derived from shattered chromosomes are inherited between daughter cells during mitosis 6 . (nature.com)
Here we tracked micronucleated chromosomes with live-cell imaging and show that acentric fragments cluster in close spatial proximity throughout mitosis for asymmetric inheritance by a single daughter cell. (nature.com)
Here we show that pulverized chromosomes from micronuclei spatially cluster throughout mitosis and identify the CIP2A-TOPBP1 complex as an essential regulator of this process. (nature.com)

it contains instructions for making all the protein molecules for all the different kinds of cells of the human body - neurons in the brain, red blood cells, bone tissue, liver cells, etc. (sciencedaily.com)
Up to 30% of human protein-coding genes may be regulated by miRNAs ( 8 , 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Sections were immunostained for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2), basal cytokeratin CK5, nuclear protein Ki67 and E-cadherin with a Leica Bond-Max autostainer. (iiarjournals.org)

Mitotic clustering facilitates the reassembly of acentric fragments into rearranged chromosomes lacking the extensive DNA copy-number losses that are characteristic of canonical chromothripsis. (nature.com)

LDOC1 suppresses microbe-induced production of IL-1β in human normal and cancerous oral cells through the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β axis. (nhri.edu.tw)

Patterns 4(3): 100705, 2023. (uni-ulm.de)

The morphology of HepG2 cells is epithelial and contains 55 chromosome pairs. (igem.org)

However, most fragments derived from pulverized chromosomes are acentric and cannot directly bind to spindle microtubules 14 . (nature.com)

MCP-1/MCPIP-1 Signaling Modulates the Effects of IL-1β in Renal Cell Carcinoma through ER Stress-Mediated Apoptosis. (nhri.edu.tw)
MiT family translocated renal cell carcinoma. (neobiotechnologies.com)

H. pylori infection is considered a risk factor tering (24) for developing gastric carcinoma (2,3). (cdc.gov)

HuH-7 is a well differentiated hepatocyte derived cellular carcinoma cell line that was originally taken from a liver tumor in a 57-year-old Japanese male in 1982. (igem.org)
UDS activity in the rat liver of the human carcinogens benzidine and 4-aminobiphenyl, and the rodent carcinogens 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine and direct black 38. (cdc.gov)
or each of these agents, carcinogenicity in rats and/or mice, els, differences in exposure con- there was sufficient evidence of car- for example for the liver (aflatoxins, ditions between studies in animals cinogenicity from studies in rats and/ trichloroethylene [TCE], and vinyl and in humans, or limitations in Part 1 · Chapter 1. (who.int)

Weng YP, Hung PF, Ku WY, Chang CY, Wu BH, Wu MH, Yao JY, Yang JR and Lee CH **. The inhibitory activity of gallic acid against DNA methylation: application of gallic acid on epigenetic therapy of human cancers. (nhri.edu.tw)
It may also convert 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate (InsP5) to PP-InsP4 and affect the growth suppressive and apoptotic activities of interferon-beta in some ovarian cancers. (nih.gov)

The stochastic inheritance of chromosome fragments by both newly formed daughter cells could in part contribute to the alternating DNA copy-number states that are characteristic of chromothripsis 2 . (nature.com)

These signs and symptoms include delayed development, intellectual disability, certain physical abnormalities, and the characteristic features of a genetic condition called Gorlin syndrome (also known as nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome). (medlineplus.gov)

Furthermore, small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated silencing of SPC24 was employed in SMMC7721 and HepG2 human HCC cells to investigate cell proliferation, invasion and apoptosis. (oncotarget.com)

He studies a disease in mice that mimics mucopolysaccharidosis type VII (MPS VII), also know as Sly syndrome in humans. (myvmc.com)
Adenosine to inosine editing is common in the human transcriptome and changes of this essential activity is associated with disease. (cancerindex.org)

Mechanistically, the CIP2A-TOPBP1 complex prematurely associates with DNA lesions within ruptured micronuclei during interphase, which poises pulverized chromosomes for clustering upon mitotic entry. (nature.com)

A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. (lookformedical.com)
A lesion with cytological characteristics associated with invasive carcinoma but the tumor cells are confined to the epithelium of origin, without invasion of the basement membrane. (lookformedical.com)
An anaplastic, highly malignant, and usually bronchogenic carcinoma composed of small ovoid cells with scanty neoplasm. (lookformedical.com)
Sequencing of daughter cell pairs derived from micronucleated mother cells demonstrated that complex rearrangements are indeed a common outcome of micronucleus formation. (nature.com)
It turned out that cells in human fibroblast culture live for a limited time under good conditions and are able to double approximately 50±10 times, and this number was called the Hayflick limit [6, 7]. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
The catalytic activity of human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (TERT) compensates for the loss of telomere length, eroded during each cell cycle, to ensure a correct division of stem and germinal cells. (biomedcentral.com)

This indicates that EGFR and K-RAS mutation analysis is not useful as a screening test for sensitivity to anti-EGFR therapy in anal canal and tonsil squamous cell carcinoma. (biomedcentral.com)

We also identify multiple cases of catastrophic chromosomal rearrangements known as chromoanagenesis, including somatic chromoanasynthesis, and extreme balanced germline chromothripsis events involving up to 65 breakpoints and 60.6 Mb across four chromosomes, further defining rare categories of extreme cxSV. (biomedcentral.com)

PTEN dephosphorylates phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-triphosphate (PIP3), therefore represses the activation of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, Akt/ glycogen synthase kinase3(GSK-3)/Snail signaling pathway, or Akt/GSK-3/Wnt/ signaling pathway. (biomedcentral.com)

Deletion of 19q, previously reported in a small series of ACC, was not identified in the current group of carcinomas. (psu.edu)

Institute researchers will continue to improve both the completeness and accuracy of the genetic information as they produce the final sequence of the chromosomes over the next several years. (sciencedaily.com)
The information on chromosomes 5, 16 and 19 is available freely without restrictions to researchers in academia and industry through the public database, GenBank. (sciencedaily.com)

Anatomy57

Organisms4

Diseases73

Chemicals and Drugs23

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment32

Phenomena and Processes130

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science5

Health Care4

Tumors6

Hepatocellular carcinoma4

Gene26

Squamous cell carcinomas1

Oral squamous cell carc2

Colorectal cancer4

Genes on each chromosome2

Genomic2

Ductal2

Cancer19

Abnormal1

Esophageal squamous4

Ovarian carcinoma1

Translocation2

Invasiveness1

Head and neck2

Tumours2

Genome17

9p212

Base pairs5

Tissues3

ESCC1

Amplification1

Mutations3

Segregation1

Mitosis3

Protein3

Copy number losses1

Cancerous1

20231

Morphology1

Spindle microtubules1

Renal2

Gastric1

Liver3

Cancers2

Fragments1

Basal1

Proliferation1

Disease2

Lesions1

Cells6

EGFR1

Catastrophic1

Kinase1

Deletion1

Researchers2