Cancellous bone fractures bones of upper extremity. Medical search. Frequent questions

5] As surgeons became more adept at surgical reduction and internal fixation, the Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen-Association for the Study of Internal Fixation (AO-ASIF) group described a classification based on fracture pattern and degree of comminution (see Classification). (medscape.com)
The "bag of bones" treatment was used when bone quality or fracture pattern was not sufficient to gain stable fixation. (medscape.com)
In the 1970s, treatment began to shift from casting and the "bag of bones" technique to surgical intervention with limited internal fixation. (medscape.com)
Radiography provided insights into fracture fixation that proved particularly valuable by the mid-20th century. (medscape.com)
The knowledge obtained from treating casualties during World War I played an important role in the treatment of fracture fixation during World War II, when military surgeons developed a number of fixation procedures with the intent of expediting the return of soldiers to the battlefield. (medscape.com)
Contemporary surgeons continue to favor this fixation method in the treatment of unstable fractures. (medscape.com)
The K-wire fixation method is technically easy to perform and probably the least traumatic method of fixing bones. (medscape.com)
Originally designed to treat scaphoid fractures, this method of fixation has expanded to include fixation of other small osseous fractures as well. (medscape.com)
In addition, bioresorbable implants are now being evaluated for fracture fixation. (medscape.com)
Fracture-fixation by bone-plates and screws is proposed to hold the fractured bone and provide healing by formation of callus texture. (fliphtml5.com)
Our research has compared the clinical and imaging effects of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) and percutaneous pedicle screw fixation (PPSF) in the treatment of Osteopenic thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures (Osteopenic VCFs). (researchsquare.com)
At present, there are two main surgical methods for vertebral compression fractures, namely percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) and percutaneous pedicle screw fixation (PPSF). (researchsquare.com)
Pathological fractures in the proximal part of the femur are treated by Zickel-nail fixation. (sarose.com.np)
The adjunctive use of methylmethacrylate in fixation of pathological fractures. (sarose.com.np)
Intramedullary fixation of pathological fractures and lesions of the subtrochanteric region of the femur. (sarose.com.np)
Current concepts of external fixation of fractures. (sarose.com.np)
Compression plate fixation and the effect of different types of internal fixation on fracture healing. (sarose.com.np)
It also restores length, alignment, and rotation-all vital principles of fracture fixation. (passmed.uk)
External fixation is a valuable tool in the surgeon's arsenal for acute open fracture management. (passmed.uk)
Indications for external fixation are grossly contaminated open fractures with extensive soft-tissue compromise, the Type IIIA-C injuries, and when immediate fixation is needed for physiologically unstable patients. (passmed.uk)

Based on structure bone can be again sub-classified into macroscopic level e.g. cortical and cancellous and microscopic level e.g. lamellar and woven bone. (imedpub.com)

Distal humerus fractures in adults are relatively uncommon injuries, representing only about 3% of all fractures in adults. (medscape.com)
In a study of 4536 consecutive fractures in adults seen in the Massachusetts General Hospital emergency department, only 0.31% were supracondylar (bicolumn) fractures of the distal humerus. (medscape.com)
In young adults, most distal humerus fractures occur from high-energy trauma, sideswipe injuries, motor vehicle accidents, falls from heights, and gunshot wounds. (medscape.com)
The clinical presentation of a supracondylar humerus fracture (SCHF) is that of a painful swollen elbow that the patient is hesitant to move. (medscape.com)
In the early 1980s, the AO-ASIF group reported good and excellent results in 27 of 39 patients with comminuted fractures of the distal humerus. (medscape.com)
[ 12 ] This risk of fractures or bone deformity is higher in the long bones (eg, femur, tibia, and humerus), but all the bones can be affected. (medscape.com)
Intra-articular Fractures of the Distal Humerus in the Adult. (uth.edu)
Remodeling of the humerus after supracondylar fractures in childhood. (sarose.com.np)

All patients had vertebral compression fractures. (wiley.com)
The vertebral arch and processes have thicker coverings of cortical bone. (meddic.jp)
The endplates are formed from a thickened layer of the cancellous bone of the vertebral body, the top layer being more dense. (meddic.jp)
Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) have a high incidence, which have attracted wide attention from society. (researchsquare.com)
However, few scholars have conducted researches on osteopenic vertebral compression fractures (osteopenic VCFs). (researchsquare.com)
The axial skeleton (dark bones in this picture) are the skull and associated bones, the vertebral column, and the bones of the rib cage. (pdfslide.us)

Anteroposterior radiograph of the lower extremities shows ground-glass osteopenia, a characteristic of scurvy. (medscape.com)

Anteroposterior plain film of the upper left leg with typical osseous changes consistent with fibrous dysplasia and shepherd's crook deformity. (biomedcentral.com)
[ 2 ] The body is composed of cancellous bone, which is the spongy type of osseous tissue, whose micro-anatomy has been specifically studied within the pedicle bones. (meddic.jp)
[ 3 ] This cancellous bone is in turn, covered by a thin coating of cortical bone (or compact bone), the hard and dense type of osseous tissue. (meddic.jp)
What Is Bone Or Osseous Tissue? (biologyonline.com)
Definition noun (1) The osseous tissue that fills the interior or cavity of bones with a latticework of small spicules or. (biologyonline.com)

As a consequence of this bone fragility, patients have an increased (~50%) risk of fracture. (medscape.com)
The detection of bone mineral density has a high indicative effect on the risk of fracture. (researchsquare.com)

The use of skeletal traction should be reserved only for selected open fracture types (i.e., pelvis fractures and very proximal femur fractures) and if used, it should only be for a short selected time. (passmed.uk)

Numerous classification schemes have been devised to categorize and discuss supracondylar fractures. (medscape.com)
Surgical treatment of supracondylar fractures has evolved significantly over the past few decades. (medscape.com)

Nonvascularized bone graft may be used to achieve union in waist and proximal pole fractures with good success rates. (bvsalud.org)
Treatment can be conservative (e.g., wrist immobilization) or in certain cases surgical (e.g., proximal pole fracture). (passmed.uk)

Spongy bone, also known as cancellous bone or trabecular bone, is a type of bone tissue found at the ends of long bones and. (biologyonline.com)
Bone marrow (Science: haematology) The soft, spongy tissue found in the centre of most large bones that produces the. (biologyonline.com)

A stress fracture in children. (sarose.com.np)

Bones, bones, bones - Tibia and Fibula. (powershow.com)
The tibia is the thicker shin bone, and the fibula is the slimmer bone. (powershow.com)
Fatigue fractures of the fibula. (sarose.com.np)

The accepted indications for surgical intervention in the treatment of carpal fractures include an unstable or displaced fracture, an open fracture, and failure of nonoperative treatment with established nonunion. (medscape.com)

Many patients only see a doctor when there is some sort of injury to the area or when the tumor weakens a bone so much that it breaks (this is called a pathological fracture). (sarcomahelp.org)

A carpal fracture is a fracture of one or more of the carpal bones of the wrist. (medscape.com)
[ 1 ] Because treatment varies depending on the carpal element involved, fractures of the various bones are discussed individually. (medscape.com)
Treatment of carpal fractures has no absolute contraindications. (medscape.com)
In the years following the war, advances in the treatment of carpal fractures included refinements in surgical techniques and improvements in prosthetic implants available for reconstruction. (medscape.com)
Studies to refine and improve the torsional strength and rigidity of such materials continue and may perhaps play a role in improving the treatment of unstable carpal fractures. (medscape.com)
The wrist contains eight carpal bones, all of which are associated with a network of tightly interwoven ligamentous connections. (medscape.com)
These vessels contribute to the formation of palmar and dorsal vascular arches that provide circulation to the carpal bones. (medscape.com)
The scaphoid bone is the most commonly fractured carpal bone. (passmed.uk)

Upper-extremity lesions rarely require surgical management. (medscape.com)
Diagnosis is made with radiographs showing sessile or pedunculated lesions found on the surface of bones. (orthobullets.com)
A Tc-99 whole-body bone scan revealed increased uptake in the right distal radius and no evidence of further lesions. (ac.ir)
Despite the rich vascularity of bone, skeletal vascular lesions are rare, and consequently knowledge of their clinical and pathologic features is still limited. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Solitary hemangiomas are the most common vascular lesions of bone. (basicmedicalkey.com)
The situation has been further complicated by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pandemic and its associated vascular lesions in bone, such as bacillary angiomatosis and Kaposi's sarcoma. (basicmedicalkey.com)

On physical examination of the right upper limb, an immobile tender huge solid mass exists on the distal right forearm ( Figure 1 ). (ac.ir)
Radiographs showed a purely lytic lesion in the right distal radius extending to the subchondral bone, cortical expansion with cortical thinning, and a narrow zone of transition is proximally observed. (ac.ir)

In the vertebrate spinal column, each vertebra is an irregular bone with a complex structure composed of bone and some hyaline cartilage, the proportions of which vary according to the segment of the backbone and the species of vertebrate animal. (meddic.jp)
They also provide detailed information on the biomechanics of the human body including bone tissue, articular cartilage, soft tissue, blood and fluids, spinal cord and nerve tissue, joints, and extremities. (lawyersandjudges.com)
Cartilage (KAR-tul-ij), a flexible, rubbery substance in our joints, supports bones and protects them where they rub against each other. (kidshealth.org)
These plates consist of multiplying cartilage cells that grow in length, and then change into hard, mineralized bone. (kidshealth.org)
Calcification of the growth cartilage at the end of the long bones continues, leading to the thickening of the growth plate. (medscape.com)
endochondral bone A bone that develops in a cartilage environment after the latter is partially or. (biologyonline.com)
The nasal septum, composed of bone and cartilage, divides the nasal cavity into left and right halves. (pdfslide.us)

It is formed from bone tissues, which are mineralized. (biologyonline.com)
Definition noun, plural: bone tissues A mineralized connective tissue from which bones are made. (biologyonline.com)
Bone oncology may be classified as "primary tumors", which originate in bone or from bone-derived cells and tissues, and "secondary tumors" which originate in other sites and spread (metastasize) to the skeleton. (imedpub.com)
It protects the soft tissues around the zone of injury by preventing further damage from mobile fracture fragments. (passmed.uk)

Conclusions: Proximal femoral nailing can be one of the primary treatment options for intertrochanteric hip fractures in the elderly. (journaltocs.ac.uk)
Stress fractures of the femoral neck. (sarose.com.np)
A 34 year old mechanic suffers from a Gustilo and Anderson type IIIA fracture of the femoral shaft after being hit by a fork lift truck. (passmed.uk)

Giant cell tumor of the bone (GCT) is a challenging orthopedic disease representing 10-15% of all benign and 4-5% of all primary bone tumors [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Fibrous dysplasia accounts for about 5% of all benign bone tumors. (medscape.com)
Malignant vascular tumors of bone occur less frequently than hemangiomas. (basicmedicalkey.com)

Surgical treatment of fibrous dysplasia is indicated in the prevention or treatment of fractures or major deformity. (medscape.com)
The surgeon has a choice of various bone graft options including corticocancellous, cancellous, and strut grafts to promote healing and correct the humpback deformity. (bvsalud.org)
Patients usually seek medical care because of either painful swelling and deformity or a pathologic fracture through a weakened bone. (medscape.com)
Dependent on the deformity, a bone wedge has to be either removed (i.e., closing wedge osteotomy) or a gap has to be created (i.e., opening wedge osteotomy) to achieve the desired reduction [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
PKP inserts the balloon into the injured vertebrae through percutaneous puncture,and pressurizes the balloon to reset the collapsed vertebrae, then fills with bone cement, which can quickly relieve pain while correcting the kyphotic deformity[ 7 ], and the clinical effect is satisfactory. (researchsquare.com)
Valgus' refers to anatomical bone deformity wherein a part of. (biologyonline.com)
Greenstick fractures are stable fractures as a part of the bone remains intact and unbroken so this type of fracture normally causes a bend to the injured part, rather than a distinct deformity, which is problematic. (passmed.uk)

Qualitative histology of iliac crest bone biopsy specimens showed an absence of the birefringent pattern of normal lamellar bone under polarized light, often with a "fish-scale" pattern. (wiley.com)
Intralesional resection was performed by vigorous curettage, burring, and defect filling with either polymethylmethacrylate bone cement ( n = 45) or cancellous bone from the iliac crest ( n = 6). (biomedcentral.com)

The most common surgical indications are fracture of a weightbearing bone and progressive disease. (medscape.com)

There are also a variable number of sesamoid bones, ranging from 8-18 in number, which are small rounded masses embedded in certain tendons and usually related to joints. (nanomedicine.com)
Dr. Noble's diverse research interests include the biomechanics of human and artificial joints, the morphometry of human bones, computer-assisted orthopedics and robotic surgery, orthopedic biomaterials, and the quantitative assessment of clinical outcomes. (uth.edu)

Fractures are most often localized in the middle third of the scaphoid bone. (passmed.uk)
Generally, scaphoid bone fractures result from indirect trauma when an individual falls onto the outstretched hand with a hyperextended and radially deviated wrist. (passmed.uk)
Pain when applying pressure to the anatomical snuffbox is highly suggestive of a scaphoid bone fracture. (passmed.uk)

Subsequently, the bone screw was developed for use in cancellous applications in which good compression and a headless design are desired. (medscape.com)
In the course of clinical diagnosis and treatment, there are still some patients with thoracolumbar compression fractures whose bone mineral density has not yet reached the diagnostic criteria of osteoporosis and is only in a state of osteopenia. (researchsquare.com)

Abstract Parametric Analysis of Bone Plates Using Finite Element Analysis Tibia bone is the most common fractured bone in humans. (fliphtml5.com)
3-D finite element models for a fractured tibia with metallic (stainless steel and titanium alloy) and composite (carbon hydroxyapatite and carbon epoxy) bone-plates are analyzed using ANSYS workbenc 14.5 program. (fliphtml5.com)
von Mises stresses along the fractured site, along the tibia bone and on the bone-plate are also studied at different healing stages under the same loading and boundary conditions. (fliphtml5.com)
Ninety-three studies were suitable for inclusion, describing 3701 patients (3711 fractures) with complex FRI. The population consisted predominantly of male patients (77%), with the tibia being the most commonly affected bone (64%), and a mean of three previous operations per patient. (sogacot.org)

For complicated fractures, computed tomography (CT) also can be helpful with regard to surgical planning. (medscape.com)

He has also published extensively in Orthopedics and related fields and serves as a reviewer of manuscripts for many journals including Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research and the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. (uth.edu)
The aim of this Journal is to publish high quality articles on related aspects of public health, health policy and clinical analysis which can improve health care and outcomes for persons suffering from bone diseases, moreover mitigate the conditions related to bone disorders globally. (imedpub.com)
Some clinical features of a greenstick fracture are similar to those of a standard long bone fracture - greenstick fractures normally cause pain at the injured area. (passmed.uk)

therefore, the incidence of these fractures is likely to increase. (medscape.com)
As the incidence of shoulder arthroplasty continues to rise, encountering significant glenoid bone loss in the primary and revision setting is becoming a common occurrence. (bvsalud.org)
Incidence of fractures is around 50% of cases. (medscape.com)

Along the fractured site, using composite (carbon hydroxyapatite, carbon epoxy) bone-plates materials with 0.7 mm gap increasing von Mises stresse by average 48% at the first healing stage, 12% at the second healing stage, 10% at the final healing stage compared to the contact bone-plate of the same material. (fliphtml5.com)
Along the bone, the average increasing in von Mises stress at the final healing stage is 17% for carbon hydroxyapatite and 18% for carbon epoxy bone-plates materials with 0.7 mm gap compared to the contact one of the same material. (fliphtml5.com)
Bone is composed mainly of ~50 nm long crystals of very dense calcium salts having the hardness of marble (mostly hydroxyapatite, ~45% of bone mass) held together by bone matrix containing large numbers of extremely strong ~200 nm-wide collagenous fibers arranged in a dense mat together with a mucopolysaccharide cement sometimes called "ground substance. (nanomedicine.com)
and OSTEOCLASTS, while FIBRILLAR COLLAGENS and hydroxyapatite crystals form the BONE MATRIX. (bvsalud.org)

Bone can be classified based on both anatomy and structure. (imedpub.com)

C1 and C2 along with C2-C3 joint are considered upper cervical spine whereas below that is lower cervical spine. (boneandspine.com)

Bone - The shaft of a long bone. (powershow.com)
Long bone One of the elongated bones of the extremities, consisting of a tubular shaft (diaphysis) and two extremities. (biologyonline.com)

[ 9 ] Consequently, the osteoblastic cells will elaborate a fibrous tissue in the bone marrow instead of normal bone. (medscape.com)
This is where bone marrow is found. (kidshealth.org)
The bone marrow contains stem cells , which produce the body's red blood cells and platelets, and some types of white blood cells. (kidshealth.org)
It looks like a sponge, with bone marrow filling its spaces. (kidshealth.org)
The soft bone marrow, which is found inside many bones, makes most of the body's red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. (kidshealth.org)
Journal of Bone Marrow & Research , Bone Journal, Bone Research Journal, Journal of Bone Oncology, Journal of Bone & Mineral Metaboloism, Journal of Advanced Bone Research, Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. (imedpub.com)

Mazabraud's syndrome is a rare but well-described disorder characterized by fibrous dysplasia in single or multiple bones associated with one or more soft-tissue myxomas. (biomedcentral.com)
It is characterized by fibrous dysplasia, which can develop in a single bone (monostotic) or in multiple bones (polyostotic), associated with one or more soft-tissue myxomas. (biomedcentral.com)

863 Figure 8.23 illustrates this lamellar structure of bone, showing that the lacunae (irregular spaces) containing the osteocytes lie between the successive lamellae and are interconnected from one layer to another and between lacuna by small fluid-filled canaliculi averaging ~0.3 microns (range 0.1-1.0 micron) wide. (nanomedicine.com)

Radiological diagnosis of fractures. (sarose.com.np)

Definition noun, plural: hyoid bones The U-shaped bone that lies in the throat just below the tongue, and is surrounded by. (biologyonline.com)

pelvic bones protect the kidneys and internal sexual organs. (nanomedicine.com)

Finally the osteoclasts (large multinucleated cells lining ~3% of internal bone cavity surfaces) remove old bone when it needs repair. (nanomedicine.com)
The single frontal bone forms the anterior roof and anterior floor of the cranium, the forehead, a portion of the nasal cavity roof, and the superior arch of the orbits. (pdfslide.us)

[ 1 ] ) of bone is a nonheritable disease in which abnormal tissue develops in place of normal bone. (medscape.com)
Cancellous bone maintenance is perturbed, and bone undergoing physiologic remodeling is replaced by an abnormal proliferation of fibrous tissue. (medscape.com)
This thin, dense membrane on the surface of the bone contains nerves and blood vessels that help nourish bone tissue. (kidshealth.org)
Bone-building continues throughout life, as a body constantly renews and reshapes the bones' living tissue. (kidshealth.org)
Bone Matrix Definition Bone matrix refers to the matrix component of bone tissue. (biologyonline.com)
Supplement The bone tissue. (biologyonline.com)

Lumbar spine areal bone mineral density (aBMD) was low and similar to age-matched patients with OI type IV. (wiley.com)

The parietal bones form the lateral walls and roof of the cranium. (pdfslide.us)
The squamous region of the temporal bone is the lateral flat surface below the squamosal suture. (pdfslide.us)

An x-ray is often the first diagnostic test that osteosarcoma patients receive, and an experienced radiologist may recognize immediately that bone cancer is the likely diagnosis. (sarcomahelp.org)

In elderly persons with more osteoporotic bone, most of these injuries occur from falls. (medscape.com)

The simulated osteotomies- preoperative bone models with simulated correction - and the performed osteotomies - postoperative bone models - were analyzed for residual differences in 3D alignment. (biomedcentral.com)

Skeletal muscle is attached by cord-like tendons to bone, such as in the legs, arms, and face. (kidshealth.org)

Osteoblasts fail to form osteoid (bone matrix), resulting in cessation of endochondral bone formation. (medscape.com)

The bone is an organ that forms the skeleton of vertebrates. (biologyonline.com)
As a result of innovative technology, chemical composition and structure of artificial bone material used for anatomical skeleton and bone models and other products, thay have same mechanical properties (including hardens, densities), structure (cortical shell and cancellous) and shape as natural bone. (promedicus.co.uk)

Giant cell tumor of the bone (GCT) has high local recurrence rates and the prognosis is hard to predict. (biomedcentral.com)
Univariate chi-square analysis showed significantly lower recurrence rate after bone cement filling (2.3-fold, p = 0.024). (biomedcentral.com)
Results: All patients survived beyond the final follow-up without recurrence of the primary bone tumor. (bvsalud.org)

This type of bone is strong, solid, and whitish in color. (kidshealth.org)
This type of bone is located inside the compact bone. (kidshealth.org)
Definition noun, plural: osteoblasts A type of bone cell that arises from fibroblasts, and upon maturity, becomes associated. (biologyonline.com)
Definition noun, plural: osteoclasts (cytology) A type of bone cell that is large, multinucleated, and associated with bone. (biologyonline.com)

863 Osteoblasts, which secrete the substances that make up the bone matrix, line the outer surfaces of bone and also line many of the surfaces inside the internal cavities of the bone. (nanomedicine.com)
Osteocytes, the most numerous bone cell type, originate from osteoblasts when those cells become trapped within small irregular matrix cavities called lacunae. (nanomedicine.com)
Other bone cell types are osteoprogenitor cells, osteoblasts, and. (biologyonline.com)

These were by far the best results reported in the treatment of these difficult fractures at that time. (medscape.com)
To effectively treat these difficult scenarios, surgeons must understand the common patterns of glenoid bone loss and be aware of the various techniques available for treatment. (bvsalud.org)
Treatment algorithms consist of primary anatomic and reverse arthroplasty as well as the use of allograft or autograft bone grafting, augmented glenoid components, specialized surgical techniques, or custom implant designs. (bvsalud.org)
Current CORIT research programs include: (1) Development new mitigation strategies for prevention of prosthetic joint infections, (2) The prevention and treatment of periprosthetic fractures, (3) Quantifying and enhancing surgical skills through computer-assisted and robotic technologies, and (4) Biomechanical simulation and optimization of orthopaedic procedures. (uth.edu)
And the treatment of this type of fractures is still controversial. (researchsquare.com)
The closed treatment of common fractures. (sarose.com.np)
Perhaps the most important aspect in the treatment of open fractures is the initial surgical intervention with irrigation and meticulous debridement of the injury zone. (passmed.uk)
Standardized guidelines for treatment of fracture-related infection (FRI) are lacking. (sogacot.org)

Bone models and anatomical skeletons and phantoms are ready to be cut and drill or manipulated using all professional medical instruments. (promedicus.co.uk)

In Mazabraud's syndrome, they usually occur (1) when the patient is at a more advanced age and (2) in close vicinity of the bones most severely affected by fibrous dysplasia. (biomedcentral.com)
Greenstick fractures occur most often during infancy and childhood when bones are soft. (passmed.uk)

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heritable disease of bone in which the hallmark is bone fragility. (wiley.com)

Osteoclasts may be stimulated by parathyroid (endocrine) hormone to cause bone absorption when extra calcium ions are needed in the extracellular fluid. (nanomedicine.com)

Vascularized bone flaps from the descending genicular artery system are versatile and effective for the use of recalcitrant nonunions from the tubular bones of the hand to the long bones of the upper extremity. (bvsalud.org)

Anatomy61

Organisms2

Diseases77

Chemicals and Drugs18

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment64

Psychiatry and Psychology4

Phenomena and Processes30

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture5

Information Science4

Health Care15

Fixation20

Cortical and cancellous1

Humerus8

Vertebral6

Lower extremities1

Osseous5

Risk of fracture2

Femur fractures1

Supracondylar fractures2

Proximal pole2

Spongy2

Stress fracture1

Fibula3

Open fracture1

Pathological fracture1

Carpal8

Lesions6

Distal2

Cartilage7

Tissues4

Femoral3

Tumors3

Deformity7

Iliac crest2

Indications1

Joints2

Scaphoid3

Compression2

Tibia4

Computed tomography1

Clinical3

Incidence3

Hydroxyapatite4

Anatomy1

Cervical1

Shaft2

Marrow6

Soft-tissue2

Lamellar1

Radiological1

Hyoid1

Pelvic1

Cavity2

Tissue6

Lumbar1

Lateral2

Diagnosis1

Osteoporotic1

Postoperative1

Skeletal1

Endochondral bone1

Skeleton2

Recurrence3

Type of bone4

Osteoblasts3

Treatment8

Anatomical1

Occur2

Fragility1

Osteoclasts1

Tubular1