• Immature calcium handling in immature myocardium raises intracellular calcium concentrations after ischemia and reperfusion. (medscape.com)
  • The key mechanisms underlying myocardial I/R injury include increased intracellular calcium concentration, sudden generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory cytokines, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion, and development of metabolic acidosis. (researchsquare.com)
  • iii) retrograde infusion of St. Thomas' Hospital cardioplegic solution. (unipi.it)
  • Neonatal myocytes have less mitochondria and the calcium sequestration capabilities of the sarcoplasmic reticulum is significantly less. (medscape.com)
  • We investigated whether in the isolated perfused rat heart acute pressure overload may affect the expression of genes involved in calcium homeostasis, namely sarcolemmal L-type Ca2+ channel, Na+/Ca2+ exchanger, sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase, phospholamban, and ryanodine receptor. (unipi.it)
  • The amount of sarcoplasmic reticulum and its ability to sequester calcium similarly increase in early development. (medscape.com)
  • Extracellular cardioplegic solutions often contain high concentrations of sodium (Na + ), calcium (Ca 2+ ), potassium (K + ), magnesium (Mg 2+ ), and bicarbonate and cause cardiac arrest by depolarizing the myocardial membrane. (ccasociety.org)
  • The Buckberg and St. Thomas' Hospital cardioplegia solutions both contain high K + content and are delivered with blood. (ccasociety.org)
  • demonstrated a six-fold decrease in the rate of defibrillation post cross-clamp with del Nido cardioplegia compared to the St. Thomas Hospital solution. (ccasociety.org)
  • Which cardioplegia solution produces a hyperpolarized cardiac arrest? (ccasociety.org)
  • Different cardioplegia solutions today consist of varying amounts of electrolytes (potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium), buffers and medications. (ccasociety.org)
  • To mitigate this effect, contemporary depolarizing cardioplegia solutions contain lidocaine and magnesium. (ccasociety.org)
  • Del Nido cardioplegia includes lidocaine and magnesium and is categorized as a modified extracellular depolarizing solution. (ccasociety.org)
  • The del Nido cardioplegia solution was developed for pediatric cardiac surgery due to the specific needs of an immature and developing myocardium. (ccasociety.org)
  • Intracellular cardioplegia solutions have low levels of Na + and Ca 2+ mimicking the intracellular electrolyte concentration. (ccasociety.org)
  • There is no consensus regarding the "best" cardioplegia solution. (ccasociety.org)
  • However, a recent 2018 study by Panigrahi et al suggests that the del Nido solution may offer some additional benefits including quicker resumption of normal cardiac rhythm and decreased inotropic support compared to conventional blood cardioplegia. (ccasociety.org)
  • Hyperkalemic cardioplegic solutions effectively arrest the heart but also induce membrane depolarization, which could lead to intracellular Ca 2+ loading and contribute to ventricular dysfunction associated with cardiac operations. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The ability to induce cardiac arrest and facilitate open-heart surgery by infusing a high potassium-containing solution into the coronaries was first demonstrated by Melrose et al. (ccasociety.org)
  • These solutions induce a hyperpolarizing arrest of the myocardium which decreases energy consumption and intracellular accumulation of Ca 2+ . (ccasociety.org)
  • The surgeon plans on using a clear pump prime with a hyperpolarized cardioplegic arrest. (ccasociety.org)
  • Cardioplegic solutions cause diastolic arrest, decrease cardiac metabolic demand, and improve myocardial tolerance to ischemia. (ccasociety.org)
  • HTK solution is particularly useful for long complex repairs as it reliably produces cardiac arrest for up to 120 minutes without redosing. (ccasociety.org)
  • Intralipid was as efficient as cyclosporine-A in inhibiting the mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening (calcium retention capacity = 280 ± 8.2 vs. 260.3 ± 2.9 nmol/mg mitochondria protein in cyclosporine-A, P = 0.454, n = 6) and in reducing cardiac mitochondrial superoxide production. (silverchair.com)
  • Finally, the activity of the sodium-potassium (Na+/K+) adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) increases with maturation, which affects the sodium-calcium exchange mechanism. (medscape.com)
  • Electron microscopy also showed less edema of the myocardium and better myofibrillar architecture with del Nido solution. (ccasociety.org)
  • These factors affect the way in which the immature heart handles calcium, which, in turn, contributes to the myocardial dysfunction observed after CPB. (medscape.com)
  • Given the relatively low circulating blood volume of newborns and infants compared with that of adults, the priming solution in the CPB circuit plays an important role in hemodilution. (medscape.com)
  • Studies in adults have also shown benefit of the del Nido solution and it is used in many adult centers. (ccasociety.org)
  • Donor hearts were explanted, stored in cardioplegic solution supplemented with either a medium (Vehicle), normoxic CM (N-CM), or hypoxic CM (H-CM), and then heterotopically transplanted. (researchsquare.com)
  • Our results indicate that cardioplegic solution-enriched with hypoxic CM-BMSCs can be a novel and promising preservation solution for donor hearts. (researchsquare.com)
  • The hemodynamic function, infarct size, calcium retention capacity, mitochondrial superoxide production, and phosphorylation levels of protein kinase B (Akt)/glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) were measured. (silverchair.com)
  • Its ability to sequester calcium (Ca 2+ ) similarly increases in early development. (medscape.com)
  • herein, the output is the calcium of the dilation throughout Blood and not reduces Nitric rate to be. (siriuspixels.com)