HydroxylCrystalsPhosphatesBiomimeticMINERAL APATITECarbonate apatitePhosphorusBoneMINERALSCollagenCarbonatesPhosphoriteCrystallineMedullary spongeHydroxyapatiteOresHardnessSulfateCarbonFissionFluorideCompositionalBasic calcium phosphateTeethUraniumInhibitorPyrophosphateBonesConcentrationsGemstoneSkeletalLimestoneClinical applicationsCrystallizationIgneousSedimentarySyntheticEnamelCrystalGroupCementsFormulationDepositionSubstratesPhosphorousFormStonesSecondary
Hydroxyl6
- Apatite is actually three different minerals depending on the predominance of either fluorine, chlorine or the hydroxyl group. (galleries.com)
- Fluoridated water allows exchange in the teeth of fluoride ions for hydroxyl groups in apatite. (wikipedia.org)
- Composition: Apatite is calcium fluorine-chlorine-hydroxyl phosphate, often with manganese and cerium. (bestcrystals.com)
- Hydroxyl apatite is heavy dermal filler. (beauty-advices.com)
- It's a form of hydroxyl apatite and is completely biocompatible. (beauty-advices.com)
- PEG forms strong ionic bonds with hydroxyl apatite (HAp), the primary component of calcified atherosclerotic lesions¹⁴. (philips.hu)
Crystals15
- Very gemmy crystals of apatite can be cut as gems but the softness of apatite prevents wide distribution or acceptance of apatite as a gemstone. (galleries.com)
- This large and colorful Canadian specimen(I'll get the exact locality soon) consists of a matrix that is primarily composed of a pinkish-orange calcite that has many small crystals of hornblende and a few large Apatite crystals. (galleries.com)
- Most of the Apatite crystals are fractured and broken(the same goes for the hornblende), but a few are intact, showing hexagonal form and rounded but definable terminations. (galleries.com)
- If crystals of rutile have grown in the crystal of apatite, in the right light the cut stone displays a cat's-eye effect. (wikipedia.org)
- This 1.85-billion-year-old gneiss and the one-million-year-old granite vein cutting through it were dated by counting the number of fission tracks in the apatite (calcium phosphate) crystals contained in each rock. (amnh.org)
- The responsible nonsense mutation affects the protein product of ank, resulting in diminished production of extracellular inorganic pyrophosphate, an important inhibitor of nucleation and of the growth of apatite crystals. (biomedcentral.com)
- Excess accumulation of ePPi has long been recognized as an important factor in the mineralization of cartilage with calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystals. (biomedcentral.com)
- Novel cellulose based-scaffolds were studied for their ability to nucleate bioactive calcium phosphate crystals for future bone healing applications. (chalmers.se)
- Scaffolds that were treated with CaCl2, a mixture of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and CaCl2 and NaOH and CaCl2, were analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy to understand the growth of bioactive calcium phosphate (Ca-P) crystals as a function of surface treatment. (chalmers.se)
- The pathways to crystals are still under debate, especially for materials relevant to biomineralization, such as calcium phosphate apatite known from bone and teeth. (au.dk)
- At later growth stages the crystals became apatitic, as revealed by changes in the lattice constant and calcium content. (au.dk)
- Furthermore, when the pyrophosphate concentration exceeded ~1% of the calcium concentration, the resultant crystals had reduced size anisotropy suggesting that pyrophosphate interacts in a site-specific manner with the formation of apatite crystals. (au.dk)
- basic calcium phosphate crystals are of ultramicroscopic size and require other methods. (msdmanuals.com)
- Noninvasive identification of monosodium urate and calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals is possible using ultrasonography, but not all ultrasonographers have sufficient expertise to make this diagnosis reliably. (msdmanuals.com)
- Dental enamel is composed of a huge number of highly mineralized prisms, and its hardness is due to a high percentage of inorganic matrix (95%) made of hydroxyapatite crystals (calcium phosphate) and low percentage of organic protein nature matrix (0.36 to 2%) together with polysaccharides 1 . (bvsalud.org)
Phosphates1
- Apatites are also a proposed host material for storage of nuclear waste, along with other phosphates. (wikipedia.org)
Biomimetic1
- 3 ] To obtain biomimetic effect, carbonate apatite has been combined with collagen. (lww.com)
MINERAL APATITE1
- Soil P comes mainly from the weathering of the mineral apatite. (umaine.edu)
Carbonate apatite3
- Prepared apatite was B-type carbonate apatite with low crystallinity. (elsevierpure.com)
- Among the various bone grafting materials available for augmentation, synthetic carbonate apatite, which has composition similar to that of native autogenous bone, has gained clinical attention. (lww.com)
- 2 ] Carbonate apatite has shown higher bone-forming ability by virtue of osteoconduction property. (lww.com)
Phosphorus6
- Dopant elements of manganese and antimony, at less than one mole-percent - in place of the calcium and phosphorus impart the fluorescence - and adjustment of the fluorine-to-chlorine ratio alter the shade of white produced. (wikipedia.org)
- It is used as a flux in bodies where the calcium oxde does the fluxing and the phosphorus oxide acts as a glass-former in the melt and also checks over-rapid fusion. (axner.com)
- ICP-OES was used to measure the calcium and phosphorus concentrations of the immersion solution. (omicsonline.org)
- Results in this study indicated that phosphorus (in apatite), rather than carbon (in biochar) amendment offers beneficial accumulation of structural elements, while mitigating the metal toxicity. (usda.gov)
- This process is similar to the first synthesis of phosphorus from calcium phosphate in urine. (wikidoc.org)
- Assuming that enamel is mainly composed by calcium, phosphorus, oxygen and carbon Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, in vitro assays designed to identify these components are desirable to reveal possible alterations of enamel's chemical structure. (bvsalud.org)
Bone8
- A relatively rare form of apatite in which most of the OH groups are absent and containing many carbonate and acid phosphate substitutions is a large component of bone material. (wikipedia.org)
- Osteoblasts dissipate calcium and phosphate ions into the subjacent collagenous bone for the formation of hydroxyapatite (Ca 5 (PO 4 ) 3 (OH)) for bone stiffening 5 , 6 . (nature.com)
- Bone Ash (Di-Calcium Phosphate) (priced per lb. (axner.com)
- Hydroxyapatite, a type of calcium phosphate that is similar to the mineral component of bone, is the most commercially popular calcium phosphate coating for biomedical implants [ 1 ]. (omicsonline.org)
- Hydroxyapatite and other calcium phosphate coatings have been investigated extensively for clinical applications due to their ability to form a direct bond with living bone, a property often referred to as "bioactivity" [ 2 ]. (omicsonline.org)
- Quickset calcium phosphate cement* is a macroporous, injectable, hardening and resorbable bone filler provided in an easy-to-use, closed mixing system. (arthrex.com)
- The end product is a calcium-deficient apatite very similar to the mineral phase of bone. (arthrex.com)
- Thus, for augmenting large and more complex bone deficiencies Bond Apatite, a composite graft formulation, is indicated. (allenpress.com)
MINERALS8
- Anyway, the name apatite comes from a Greek word meaning to decieve in allusion to its similarity to other more valuable minerals such as olivine , peridot and beryl . (galleries.com)
- Apatite is often mistaken for other minerals. (wikipedia.org)
- Coarsely crystalline apatite is usually restricted to pegmatites, gneiss derived from sediments rich in carbonate minerals, skarns, or marble. (wikipedia.org)
- Apatite is one of a few minerals produced and used by biological micro-environmental systems. (wikipedia.org)
- Phosphorite contains calcium phosphate mixed with limestone (calcium carbonates) minerals and apatite-a mineral with high phosphate and fluoride content. (cdc.gov)
- Apatite is a name for the group of Calcium Phosphate minerals that come in various colors. (gemsociety.org)
- At this acidity, if the fossil is buried quickly, calcium phosphate and other minerals can begin the fossilisation process which preserves the exquisite detail of some soft tissues. (le.ac.uk)
- Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a particular kind of calcium phosphate, which belongs to the apatite group of minerals. (lamberti.com)
Collagen1
- A combination of calcium phosphate-based mineral with carbon apatite structure and type 1 collagen derived from bovine Achilles tendon has been introduced for augmentation of alveolar ridge and periodontal defects. (lww.com)
Carbonates1
- To date the MOLS team and the Scanmobile have processed samples from calcium carbonates (and oxides), low-grade nickel, silver, gold, copper and zinc, and apatite ores. (e-mj.com)
Phosphorite2
- Phosphorite is a phosphate-rich sedimentary rock containing as much as 80% apatite, which is present as cryptocrystalline masses referred to as collophane. (wikipedia.org)
- others are phosphorite and apatite. (axner.com)
Crystalline1
- Amorphous calcium phosphate inthe outer, primary layer and crystalline apatite is deposited into theinner, secondary layer of the shell. (uni-muenchen.de)
Medullary sponge1
- In addition, medullary sponge kidney has been identified in 12-20% of patients who form calcium stones. (medscape.com)
Hydroxyapatite2
- A landmark investigation into the genetic basis of murine progressive ankylosis has clarified the physiologic role of extracellular inorganic pyrophosphate (ePPi) in suppressing pathologic deposition of basic calcium phosphate (BCP) (an inclusive term for hydroxyapatite, octacalcium phosphate, and tricalcium phosphate) in articular tissue [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- In order to minimize such demineralization after contact with bleaching agents, some biomaterials such as fluoride, hydroxyapatite, calcium ions and amorphous calcium have been added to the composition of those whitening agents 9 . (bvsalud.org)
Ores1
- This is preferable to traditional rare-earth ores such as monazite, as apatite is not very radioactive and does not pose an environmental hazard in mine tailings. (wikipedia.org)
Hardness2
- First, there is the fiber compositematerial which overcomes some detrimental and enhances some advantageousproperties of the single constituents, that is the softness andflexibility of chitin and the hardness and brittleness of apatite.Second, there is a hierarchical structuring from the nanometer to amicrometer level. (uni-muenchen.de)
- The group of 7.5% hydrogen peroxide with calcium showed a lower percentage of hardness loss in relation to other groups. (bvsalud.org)
Sulfate5
- Present study evaluated the feasibility of apatite monolith preparation from calcium sulfate monolith using ammonium phosphate solution. (elsevierpure.com)
- It is refluxed (heated) with sulfuric acid to produce a phosphoric acid-gypsum (calcium sulfate-CaSO4) slurry. (cdc.gov)
- Calcium sulfate, a synthetic material, also known as an alloplast, has been used for decades in orthopedics, plastic surgery, and oncologic and maxillofacial surgeries for the treatment of osseous deficiencies caused by trauma or inflammation. (allenpress.com)
- Biphasic calcium sulfate provides benefits as a short-term space maintainer. (allenpress.com)
- Use of biphasic calcium sulfate as the sole material are limited to relatively small osseous defects surrounded by at least 3 bony walls (eg, extraction sockets). (allenpress.com)
Carbon1
- In one process, calcium phosphate, which is derived from phosphate rock, is heated in an electric or fuel-fired furnace in the presence of carbon and silica [1] . (wikidoc.org)
Fission2
- Fission tracks in apatite are commonly used to determine the thermal histories of orogenic belts and of sediments in sedimentary basins. (wikipedia.org)
- Since the rate of the splitting, or fission, is known, the age of the apatite crystal can be determined by counting the tracks within it. (amnh.org)
Fluoride2
- During digestion of apatite with sulfuric acid to make phosphoric acid, hydrogen fluoride is produced as a byproduct from any fluorapatite content. (wikipedia.org)
- The metal has a silvery color, is rather hard, and is prepared by electrolysis of fused chloride and calcium fluoride (to lower the melting point). (lanl.gov)
Compositional1
- Although mechanical strength of the apatite monolith was lower than original calcium sulphate monolith, we concluded present method may be useful for the fabrication of apatite monolith since we can prepare different shape of apatite monoliths based on the setting reaction of calcium sulphate and compositional transformation to apatitic mineral. (elsevierpure.com)
Basic calcium phosphate1
- Хвороба відкладення кристалів оксалату кальцію Basic calcium phosphate (apatite) and calcium oxalate crystal disorders tend to cause clinical manifestations similar to those of other crystal-induced arthritides. (msdmanuals.com)
Teeth2
- An irony of the name apatite is that apatite is the mineral that makes up the teeth in all vertebrate animals as well as their bones. (galleries.com)
- Apatite - teeth! (galleries.com)
Uranium2
- Apatite is also occasionally a source of uranium and vanadium, present as trace elements in the mineral. (wikipedia.org)
- Geological and mineralogical evidence indicate that the uranium present in apatite may proxy for calcium in the mineral structure as U(IV). (usgs.gov)
Inhibitor1
- Pyrophosphate is widely used in biology to control apatite formation since it is a potent inhibitor of apatite crystallization. (au.dk)
Pyrophosphate2
- The impacts of pyrophosphate on apatite formation and crystallization kinetics are, however, not fully understood. (au.dk)
- Pyrophosphate strongly inhibited nucleation of apatite and increased the onset of crystallization from minute to hour time scales. (au.dk)
Bones2
- An important source of calcium phosphate made from calcined cattle bones. (axner.com)
- Blue Apatite heals bones and encourages the formation of new cells. (organics.com)
Concentrations2
- High concentrations of Y and low concentrations of Sr in apatite inclusions in zircon are diagnostic of evolved, felsic granitoid host rocks. (port.ac.uk)
- Aim: To evaluate enamel microhardness and morphology after bleaching with hydrogen peroxide containing calcium in different concentrations. (bvsalud.org)
Gemstone1
- Apatite is infrequently used as a gemstone. (wikipedia.org)
Skeletal1
- He did his PhD studies on the influence of calcium intake on the skeletal development in young dogs, becoming a specialist in companion animal surgery (RNVA), Diplomate of the European College of Veterinary Surgeons, and Diplomate of the European College of Veterinary and Comparative Nutrition. (ivis.org)
Limestone1
- Calcium from limestone is an important element in Portland cement. (lanl.gov)
Clinical applications1
- This work will review the various clinical applications of Bond Apatite as an alternative to other graft materials. (allenpress.com)
Crystallization2
- Therefore, we studied apatite crystallization in water by synchrotron in situ X-ray diffraction. (au.dk)
- Crystallization was conducted from calcium chloride (0.2 M) and sodium phosphate (0.12 M) at pH 12 where hydrogen phosphate is the dominant phosphate species and at 60 ◦ C to allow the synchrotron measurements to be conducted in a timely fashion. (au.dk)
Igneous1
- Apatite is very common as an accessory mineral in igneous and metamorphic rocks, where it is the most common phosphate mineral. (wikipedia.org)
Sedimentary1
- Apatite is also found in clastic sedimentary rock as grains eroded out of the source rock. (wikipedia.org)
Synthetic1
- It is made of a synthetic substance containing microspheres of calcium hydroxylapetite. (beauty-advices.com)
Enamel3
- Ground apatite was used as a pigment for the Terracotta Army of 3rd-century BCE China, and in Qing Dynasty enamel for metalware. (wikipedia.org)
- Conclusion: Calcium in association with a higher hydrogen peroxide concentration may decrease microhardness changes on enamel. (bvsalud.org)
- Some studies showed that dental bleaching alters the enamel chemically and have shown decreased calcium values in enamel 5-6,8 . (bvsalud.org)
Crystal2
- A singular crystal, this Canadian Apatite specimen is quite pretty, and has a special quality to it. (galleries.com)
- APT-176J Yellow Apatite crystal from Mexico, Sold in a 2pack each under 1 gram in weight. (bestcrystals.com)
Group2
- Phosphohedyphane is a calcium lead phosphate in the Apatite Group. (johnbetts-fineminerals.com)
- Group 5 - White Class 7.5% (with calcium). (bvsalud.org)
Cements1
- use, and curing reaction of calcium silicate cements, as well as the scientific evidence on their applications in restorative dentistry. (bvsalud.org)
Formulation1
- Kalident is a HAp-based formulation that, providing topical sources of Calcium and Phosphate ions, is able to strongly enhance the natural remineralization process induced by saliva. (lamberti.com)
Deposition1
- Dual-energy CT imaging can also be used to detect uric acid or calcium deposition, but neither imaging is 100% sensitive. (msdmanuals.com)
Substrates2
- Barnes DH, Jugdaosingh R, Kiamil S, Best SM (2 011) Shelf Life and Chemical Stability of Calcium Phosphate Coatings Applied to Poly Carbonate Urethane Substrates. (omicsonline.org)
- Despite numerous studies on the dissolution properties of calcium phosphate (CaP) coatings, the coating "shelf life" (i.e. the chemical stability of these coatings prior to implantation), has not been investigated adequately, particularly for CaP coatings applied to polymeric substrates. (omicsonline.org)
Phosphorous1
- Calcium acts as a flux, and phosphorous as a glass former. (axner.com)
Form1
- Soluble P will form compounds with calcium (Ca) at high pH, and iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) at lower pH. (umaine.edu)
Stones2
- Chatoyant stones are known as cat's-eye apatite, transparent green stones are known as asparagus stone, and blue stones have been called moroxite. (wikipedia.org)
- Stones were predominantly of mixed type: calcium oxalate was the commonest compound. (who.int)
Secondary2
- Theories suggest that dilatation of a collecting duct may occur, caused by occlusion by uric acid during fetal life or resulting from tubular obstruction due to calcium oxalate calculi secondary to infantile hypercalciuria. (medscape.com)
- As apatite breaks down, primary orthophosphate ion (H 2 PO 4 -1 ) and secondary orthophosphate ion (HPO 4 -2 ) are formed. (umaine.edu)