• Previous work in our group has demonstrated that a physiologically relevant dose of TGF-β1 is capable of driving EMT in primary human bronchial epithelial cells (PBEC) isolated from lung-transplant recipients, an effect that was accentuated by TNFα. (ndltd.org)
  • This study was authorized by the Institutional Review Table at National Jewish Health (Denver, CO). Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) RNA samples from a previously characterized group of subjects with SR and SS asthma were used in this study. (globaltechbiz.com)
  • BAL cells were filtered through a 70-m (pore size) Nylon cell strainer (Becton Dickson Labware, Franklin Lakes, NJ), centrifuged.Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) RNA samples from a previously characterized group of subject matter with SR and SS asthma were used in this study. (globaltechbiz.com)
  • HMR is truly exceptional in having an on-site endoscopy suite, which allows us to incorporate bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage in our trials of respiratory medicines in healthy volunteers and patients. (hmrlondon.com)
  • It was concluded that both proximal and distal airways were involved in asthma and that distal airways were the major determinant of airflow obstruction. (ersjournals.com)
  • Although these airways contribute little to airflow obstruction in normal airways, studies have revealed that distal airways accounted for up to 50-90% of total airflow resistance in asthmatics [ 1 ], implying that distal airways were the main site of airflow obstruction in asthmatics. (ersjournals.com)
  • One of the key characteristics of the condition is the presence of a reversible obstruction to the airflow, in direct association with a hyperresponsive airway, subsequently having significant mortality rates, with approximately 250,000 deaths yearly reported in some studies. (medichub.ro)
  • An acquired benign subglottic stenosis in adults (SGS) is a rare condition that causes airway obstruction and may lead to severe respiratory distress. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This index is based on the alteration in the flow-volume curve if an upper airways obstruction is present [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Physiological effects of experimental airway obstruction with beads. (pneumon.org)
  • Site and nature of airway obstruction in chronic obstructive lung disease. (pneumon.org)
  • No study subjects met spirometry diagnosis of airway obstruction. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Asthmatic airway constriction can happen spontaneously, in reaction to stress or anxiety, or as a type of allergic reaction. (vin.com)
  • Indeed, diagnosing asthma can be complicated, and it is famously underdiagnosed because up to 23% of asthmatic cats can have completely normal radiographs. (vin.com)
  • The Gaining Optimal Asthma Control study of 3,400 asthmatic patients over a 12-month period evaluated the percentage of subjects achieving control using inhaled fluticasone or inhaled fluticasone/salmeterol in three groups of patients: corticosteroid-free subjects, and those receiving low and moderate doses of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) at baseline [ 3 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • Peripheral lung resistance in normal and asthmatic subjects. (pneumon.org)
  • Inflammatory cell distribution within and along asthmatic airways. (pneumon.org)
  • In the current study, we explored the novel possibility of cross-talk between GCR and HDACs because reduced HDAC2 has been reported to contribute to steroid resistance in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (3, 4). (globaltechbiz.com)
  • There is increasing evidence to suggest that reduction of HDAC2 activity and manifestation may account for the amplified swelling in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma, therefore obstructing steroid action (3, 4). (globaltechbiz.com)
  • Viral pneumonia is the most common finding and is often associated with organ failure or marked worsening of underlying asthma or chronic obstructive airway disease. (clinlabnavigator.com)
  • It is considered to be a disease affecting the airways of affected in-di-viduals, causing significant inflammatory changes, hyper-responsiveness, excessive mucous production and air-way remodelling, ultimately causing an obstructive pro-cess, closing the airways to a certain degree. (medichub.ro)
  • The pathology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and most lung cancers involves the small airway epithelium (SAE), the single continuous layer of cells lining the airways ≥ 6th generations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The other part discusses diverse sensors that have been developed and used for the detection of respiratory diseases ( e.g. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, lung cancer, pulmonary arterial hypertension, tuberculosis, cystic fibrosis, obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome and pneumoconiosis) by analysis of VOCs in exhaled breath. (ersjournals.com)
  • Pharmacological management of airway obstructive diseases is a fast-evolving field. (ersjournals.com)
  • Airway remodeling assessed using computerized tomography (CT) correlates well with spirometry in patients with obstructive lung diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A few examples include depressed central respiratory drive, acute paralysis of the respiratory muscles, acute parenchymal lung and airway diseases, and increased dead space or wasted ventilation. (medscape.com)
  • Respiratory pharmacology is probably the area in which HMR has the greatest expertise and experience, not least because several of our medical staff have a longstanding interest in asthma and allergy. (hmrlondon.com)
  • Asthma is a recurring respiratory compromise featuring the constriction (narrowing) of the lung's airways. (vin.com)
  • More simply, this means the airways of the lungs are inflamed, plus they are extra reactive to mental stress or respiratory irritants, and the flow of air through the lungs is reduced (either sometimes or all the time). (vin.com)
  • Seasonal human influenza viruses are thought to spread from person to person primarily through large-particle respiratory droplet transmission (e.g., coughing or sneezing near a susceptible person). (clinlabnavigator.com)
  • They can cause infections of the respiratory system, middle ear, eye, central nervous system, and joints of humans. (allaboutheaven.org)
  • Respiratory medicine is a broadbased specialty that incorporates traditional pulmonary diseases such as infection, airway diseases and cancer in addition to wider aspects such as critical care and sleep disorders. (amegroups.com)
  • We have a special interest in caring for patients with severe asthma, respiratory allergy and pulmonary vasculitis. (tcd.ie)
  • Our team of doctors, clinical nurse specialists and pulmonary physiologists treats a large cohort of patients with the main asthma phenotypes such as allergic asthma, eosinophilic asthma and aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. (tcd.ie)
  • Many people affected by chronic pulmonary aspergillosis have an underlying lung disease, most commonly tuberculosis, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, asthma, or lung cancer. (wikipedia.org)
  • The risk of severe or fatal illness appears to be highest in three groups: pregnant women, especially during the third trimester of pregnancy, children younger than 2 years of age, and people with chronic lung disease, including asthma. (clinlabnavigator.com)
  • Asthma is the most common chronic lung disorder and affects approximately 15-20% of the population in developed countries, whereas the rate is around 2-4% in countries less developed. (medichub.ro)
  • Structural changes of small airways caused by chronic DE exposure is unknown. (biomedcentral.com)
  • I'm also a professor at the University of Manchester and do quite a lot of research on different aspects of fungal disease, particularly aspergillosis, including resistance and new diagnostic tests, and I'm also the leader and president of the Global Action Fund for Fungal Infections, which has as its main objective to improve the quality of care and therefore the outcome of patients with fungal diseases across the world. (cdc.gov)
  • Research for the validation of chest CT and MRI as a sensitive outcome measure for CF and other lung diseases such as BPD, Asthma, PCD, CLA, etc. (erasmusmc.nl)
  • Whilst mortality has diminished, the overall prevalence of allergic diseases such as asthma has undergone a steady rise, partly caused by increased levels of urbanisation, and this is further expected to climb by more than 100 million cases by the year 2025. (medichub.ro)
  • Undergraduates who spend time in our department can expect to get first hand experience of management of such diseases as tuberculosis, lung cancer, COPD, asthma, sleep-disordered breathing and interstitial lung disease. (tcd.ie)
  • Small airway basal cells were purified from brushed SAE of a healthy nonsmoker donor with a characteristic normal SAE transcriptome. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Compared to the large airway cell line BCi-NS1.1, differentiated of hSABCi-NS1.1 cells on ALI were enriched with small airway epithelial genes, including surfactant protein genes, LTF and small airway development relevant transcription factors NKX2-1, GATA6, SOX9, HOPX, ID2 and ETV5. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This suggested that small airway wall thickening without lumen narrowing may be an early feature of airway remodeling in DETs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Small airway wall thickening without lumen narrowing may be an early image feature detected by CT and underlie the pathology of lung injury in DETs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The pattern of changes in small airway dimensions, i.e., thicker airway wall without lumen narrowing caused by occupational DE exposure was different to that (i.e., thicker airway wall with lumen narrowing) seen in our previous study of workers exposed to nano-scale carbon black aerosol, suggesting constituents other than carbon cores may contribute to such differences. (biomedcentral.com)
  • pBECs from subjects ( n = 5) with severe asthma and non-asthmatics were cultured as submerged monolayers or at the air-liquid-interface (ALI) conditions and incubated with IAV H1N1 (MOI 5) for up to 24 h. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Airway remodelling in asthmatics is defined as structural abnormalities including, epithelial integrity loss, basement membrane thickening, and goblet cell and submucosal gland enlargement [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Airway remodelling may predispose asthmatics to exacerbations [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Carroll N, Cooke C, James A. The distribution of eosinophils and lymphocytes in the large and small airways of asthmatics. (pneumon.org)
  • METHODS Subjects We enrolled 20 nonsmoking adults (age, 18 yr) with asthma, defined by a clinical history of asthma, airflow limitation (baseline FEV1 85% predicted), and either airway hyperresponsiveness (provocative concentration of methacholine causing a 20% fall in FEV1, 8 mg/ml) or bronchodilator responsiveness ( 12% and 200-ml improvement in FEV1% expected after 180 mg of metered-dose inhaler albuterol). (globaltechbiz.com)
  • The differentiation state of the airway epithelium is also important for innate immunity through the compartmentalization of receptors and mediator production [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The present review is the summary of an expert workshop that took place in Vence (France) in 2007 on the role of distal airways in asthma. (ersjournals.com)
  • The usefulness and limitations of various techniques used for assessing distal airways were also evaluated, including pulmonary function tests and imaging. (ersjournals.com)
  • Finally, the available data studying the benefit of treatment better targeting distal airways in asthma was examined. (ersjournals.com)
  • Distal airways were poorly attained by conventional aerosol of asthma medications owing to their granulometry, being composed of 3-5 μm particles. (ersjournals.com)
  • Both proximal and distal airways might be targeted either by delivering medications systemically or by aerosol of extra-fine particles. (ersjournals.com)
  • Studies of distal airways have proved difficult, owing to their small size and their peripheral location. (ersjournals.com)
  • Thus, it is not surprising that the roles of distal airways in the natural history of asthma have long been neglected. (ersjournals.com)
  • Whilst usually benign in nature, they can sometimes cause symptoms such as cough or an exacerbation of existing disease such as asthma. (wikipedia.org)
  • Beginning in 2000, under the leadership of Dr. Charles G. Plopper (UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Emeritus), an important and major effort was initiated to study the development and exacerbation of asthma by oxidant air pollutants in nonhuman primates. (ucdavis.edu)
  • Infection with influenza A virus (IAV) may also magnify pre-existing airway remodeling leading to asthma exacerbation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Further work on microbial function in the lower airways is ongoing. (ersjournals.com)
  • Publications in high-impact journals, specifically targeting the lower airways were prioritised where possible. (ersjournals.com)
  • Aspiration is defined as the inhalation of either oropharyngeal or gastric contents into the lower airways, that is, the act of taking foreign material into the lungs. (medscape.com)
  • References tries, where few resources are available to ensure proper treatment and where human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection may be common. (cdc.gov)
  • Dysregulated epithelial differentiation therefore plays an important role in the remodelling process in asthma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The resulting cell line (hSABCi-NS1.1) was characterized by RNAseq, TaqMan PCR, protein immunofluorescence, differentiation capacity on an air-liquid interface (ALI) culture, transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), airway region-associated features and response to genetic modification with SPDEF. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Etiological triggers for the development of this excessive fibrosis are auto-immune disorders (e.g. granulomatosis polyangiitis), traumatic or post-intubation/post-tracheostomy injuries to the airway, or sometimes unknown (idiopathic subglottic stenosis) [ 2 , 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Inflammatory and structural changes in the small airways in bronchial asthma. (pneumon.org)
  • If the patient is thought not to have too high of an anesthetic risk, a tracheal wash and/or bronchoscopy can be considered but often have indefinite results. (vin.com)
  • Risk factors include prolonged intubation, diabetes, overinflation of the endotracheal cuff, hypotension leading to necrosis of the tracheal wall, and recurrent airway infections. (your-doctor.net)
  • The next step toward making a diagnosis of feline asthma is the chest radiograph, assuming the cat is not in too much distress to hold still for this procedure. (vin.com)
  • There is a considerable diagnostic delay in the diagnosis 'benign acquired subglottic stenosis in adults' (SGS, diagnosed by the reference standard, i.e. laryngo- or bronchoscopy). (biomedcentral.com)
  • These symptoms may resemble the symptoms of the more common diagnosis of asthma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Finally, an allergic response to inhaled Aspergillus results in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) and severe asthma with fungal sensitisation. (bmj.com)
  • Severe asthma attacks can be life-threatening. (drtejasghude.com)
  • This virus has genes from human, swine and avian influenza A viruses and has been called novel influenza A (H1N1). (clinlabnavigator.com)
  • microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs which regulate the expression of up to 60% of human genes [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis affects patients with asthma and cystic fibrosis, and is important to recognise as permanent lung or airways damage may accrue if untreated. (bmj.com)
  • T-cell activation and HLA-regulated response to smoking in the deep airways of patients with multiple sclerosis. (cdc.gov)
  • The most common viral pathogens recovered from hospitalized patients admitted with CAP include human rhinovirus and influenza . (medscape.com)
  • First, achieving asthma control is recommended by guidelines [ 2 ] but appears difficult to obtain in most patients. (ersjournals.com)
  • Whilst being a common illness, there is a range of symp-to--ma-to-lo-gy seen in patients diagnosed with asthma, vary-ing from slight wheezing to severe closure of airways. (medichub.ro)
  • Patients are frequently misdiagnosed since symptoms of this rare disease may mimic symptoms of 'asthma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the EDI in differentiating SGS patients from asthma patients. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Fifty patients with SGS and 32 true asthma patients were included. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Median and IQR ranges of the EDI for SGS and asthma patients were 67.10 (54.33-79.18) and 37.94 (32.41-44.63), respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Area under the curve (ROC) of the accuracy of the EDI at discriminating SGS and asthma patients was 0.92 (95% CI = 0.86-0.98). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The EDI has a good diagnostic accuracy discriminating subglottic stenosis patients from asthma patients, when compared to the reference standard. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Since a laryngo- or bronchoscopy is not part of the routine work-up of asthma patients, SGS can be missed easily. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Asthma is a condition in which your airways narrow and swell and may produce extra mucus. (drtejasghude.com)
  • Carbon content in airway macrophage (CCAM) in sputum was quantified to assess the dose-response relationship. (biomedcentral.com)
  • GCR may contribute to steroid resistance by competing with GCR for binding to the glucocorticoid response element (GRE) site or by competing for the transcriptional coactivator molecules (reviewed in References 9 and 10). (globaltechbiz.com)
  • We'll be talking about antibiotic resistance and fungal infections. (cdc.gov)
  • The significance of this is that antibiotic resistance is achieved via the enzyme β-lactamase. (allaboutheaven.org)
  • Antibiotic resistance Bacteria are microscopic, single-celled organisms. (msdmanuals.com)
  • As of this time, it appears that all the diagnostic criteria needed to diagnose asthma in people are shared by cats, yet we are still working out the mechanics of this syndrome in cats and have a great deal to learn. (vin.com)
  • Daily bronchoscopy service for diagnostic studies, including fluoroscopy, argon-plasma photo coagulation, brachytherapy and endobronchial ultrasound for accurate lung cancer staging. (tcd.ie)
  • We do not know yet if feline airways are also diseased all the time or if the actual airway structural changes occur only when there are clinical signs of distress. (vin.com)
  • A 30-year-old female with a past medical history of moderate persistent asthma, substance abuse disorder, and allergic rhinitis was brought to the emergency department (ED) by paramedics after being found down in a subway station surrounded by empty medication bottles and was noted to have needle tracks on her arms. (your-doctor.net)
  • The asthma studies necessitated the establishment of a pulmonary function laboratory with extensive capabilities for testing nonhuman primates under the direction of a pulmonary physiologist to assess function in animals undergoing exposure. (ucdavis.edu)
  • Asthma is an important disease both in adults and children, which frequently results in severe financial and health im--pli--ca-tions globally, afflicting in excess of 300 million people worldwide. (medichub.ro)
  • All three devices are convenient and effective for airway management in adults under general anesthesia. (ekja.org)
  • The feline condition was named asthma because of the clinical features shared with the human disease. (vin.com)
  • In this clinical study that used rigorous algorithms to adapt therapy, total control of asthma was obtained with fluticasone in only 40%, 28% and 16% in corticoid-free subjects and in low- and moderate-dose ICS users, respectively. (ersjournals.com)
  • Assays on surgically removed tumor tissue are useful to determine indicators of treatment resistance, prognostication of outcome, or to molecularly characterize, classify, and determine the tissue of origin of a tumor. (frontiersin.org)
  • The number of insertion attempts (P = 0.232), ease of insertion (P = 0.630), airway maneuver requirement (P = 0.585), difficulty with gastric tube placement (P = 0.364), and complications (P = 0.873) were not significantly different between the groups. (ekja.org)
  • Finally, the airway muscles go into spasms leading to constriction. (vin.com)
  • A positive Kernig's sign, seen in meningitis, occurs when an attempt to flex the hip of a recumbent patient causes painful spasms of the hamstring muscle and resistance to further extension of the leg at the knee. (rnpedia.com)
  • Quantitative structural analysis of peripheral airways and arteries in sudden fatal asthma. (pneumon.org)
  • Airway constriction leads to an inability to draw a deep breath, intolerance to exercise, coughing, and musical sighing sounds called "wheezes," though not all these symptoms may be apparent at the same time. (vin.com)
  • For example, in humans, we know that while actual symptoms of asthma occur in episodes, the airways of the lung are diseased all the time. (vin.com)
  • Asthma can't be cured, but its symptoms can be controlled. (drtejasghude.com)
  • Because asthma often changes over time, it's important that you work with your doctor to track your signs and symptoms and adjust your treatment as needed. (drtejasghude.com)
  • Asthma symptoms vary from person to person. (drtejasghude.com)
  • You may have infrequent asthma attacks, have symptoms only at certain times - such as when exercising - or have symptoms all the time. (drtejasghude.com)
  • Exposure to various irritants and substances that trigger allergies (allergens) can trigger signs and symptoms of asthma. (drtejasghude.com)
  • Dr. Denning] Antibacterial resistance is caused by many different things, but one of them, for example, is using antibacterials in food for animals to improve the growth of animals, which is clearly unhelpful if they're antimicrobials that lead to resistance of human pathogens. (cdc.gov)
  • In this context, if it is possible to immortalize normal human SAE BC that retain the capacity to differentiate to ciliated, secretory, and other differentiated cell types in vitro on air-liquid interface (ALI) culture, it would be very useful to the investigation of SAE biology in health and disease, and the assessment of pharmacologic agents targeted to modify dysregulated BC biology relevant to the pathogenesis of human lung disease. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Effect of GST variants on lung function following diesel exhaust and allergen co-exposure in a controlled human crossover study. (cdc.gov)
  • Oliver A, Quinn D, Goldfrad C, van Hecke B, Ayer J, Boyce M. Combined fluticasone furoate/vilanterol reduces decline in lung function following inhaled allergen 23 h after dosing in adult asthma: a randomised, controlled trial. (hmrlondon.com)
  • The incidence rates are much higher in children, with roughly 40% of children reporting having a wheeze episode, which is considered asthma, as long as there is a partial reversibility present by the utilisation of beta-2 agonists, irrespective of any lung function tests that may or may not have been performed. (medichub.ro)