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ChloramphenicolChloramphenicol O-AcetyltransferaseChloramphenicol ResistanceAnti-Bacterial AgentsMolecular Sequence DataMicrobial Sensitivity TestsThiamphenicolBase SequenceDrug Resistance, MicrobialEscherichia coliAcetyltransferasesPlasmidsPromoter Regions, GeneticAmpicillinMutationTranscription, GeneticTetracyclineR FactorsAmino Acid SequenceBacterial ProteinsDNA, BacterialCloning, MolecularBacteriaTransfectionAnti-Infective AgentsGene Expression RegulationStreptomycinTyphoid FeverExtrachromosomal InheritanceCell LineKineticsCulture MediaRNA, MessengerDrug Resistance, BacterialGram-Positive BacteriaLincomycinPuromycinGenes, BacterialDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialChild Development Disorders, PervasiveErythromycinRegulatory Sequences, Nucleic AcidConjugation, GeneticTime FactorsSalmonella typhiRestriction MappingCephalosporinsPhenotypeRifampinGram-Negative BacteriaGenesBinding SitesPenicillin ResistanceRNA, BacterialSequence Analysis, DNADrug Resistance, MultipleNalidixic AcidHaemophilus influenzaeDNATumor Cells, CulturedEnhancer Elements, GeneticSalmonellaBacillus subtilisPolymerase Chain ReactionCells, CulturedRecombinant Fusion ProteinsSpectrum AnalysisPenicillinsDNA-Binding ProteinsTranscription FactorsFungiGenes, RegulatorGenes, ReporterTemperatureAminoglycosidesStructure-Activity RelationshipBacterial InfectionsGene ExpressionRecombinant ProteinsTrimethoprimSpecies SpecificityEthidiumGenetic VectorsGenetics, MicrobialBacteria, AnaerobicAntifungal AgentsStaphylococcus aureusProtein BiosynthesisMolecular StructureProtein BindingHeLa CellsSalmonella paratyphi ADose-Response Relationship, Drugbeta-LactamasesDNA PrimersGentamicinsStaphylococcusEnterobacteriaceaeRibosomesSulfamethoxazole
AntibioticProtein SynthesisAntibioticsBacteriaFlorfenicolTetracyclineInfectionsTyphoidAntibacterialHepatic microsomal enzymesStreptomycesDropsOrallyBacterialResiduesOrganismsMechanismNitrofuranPropylene glycolChloromycetinStaphylococcusRibosomeStrainsToxicityWidelyInfectionChickenBoneAbsorptionPrecautionsResistantActivityResistancePrimarilyAnticoagulantsLiverActiveSpeciesTypicallyAnaerobicHumansSide effectsSuspensionDrugCommonlyMeningitisOral
Antibiotic20
  • Why is Chloramphenicol a Broad Spectrum Antibiotic? (techplanet.today)
  • Let's embark on a journey to uncover why Chloramphenicol is hailed as a versatile antibiotic. (techplanet.today)
  • Chloramphenicol exerts its antibiotic prowess by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. (techplanet.today)
  • Chloramphenicol Test Fluorescence journey from the soil to the laboratory has paved the way for a broad-spectrum antibiotic that has saved countless lives. (techplanet.today)
  • Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that typically stops bacterial growth by stopping the production of proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the context of preventing endophthalmitis, a complication of cataract surgery, a 2017 systematic review found moderate evidence that using chloramphenicol eye drops in addition to an antibiotic injection (cefuroxime or penicillin) will likely lower the risk of endophthalmitis, compared to eye drops or antibiotic injections alone. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chloramphenicol (CAP) is a widely used broad spectrum antibiotic in food of animal origin. (mn-net.com)
  • Gentamicin is a broad-spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic effective against gram-negative and gram-positive species. (goldbio.com)
  • In addition, Alg/MXene hydrogels have been successfully used to regulate the release of a previously loaded broad spectrum antibiotic (chloramphenicol) by electrical stimulation. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, inhibiting gram-positive and gram-negative organisms, aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, and many intracellular organisms. (veteriankey.com)
  • Chloramphenicol represents the product of years of antibiotic development. (vin.com)
  • Chloramphenicol is a broad spectrum antibiotic important for use in humans. (consumer.org.my)
  • Because the binding of chloramphenicol to 70S ribosomes is reversible, it is considered to be a bacteriostatic antibiotic, but it can also have a bactericidal effect on certain bacteria at high drug concentrations, and it can even be effective against influenza bacilli at lower concentrations. (ballyabio.com)
  • Biographen is a semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibiotic derived from Streptomyces venequelae with primarily bacteriostatic activity. (drugstocker.com)
  • Chloramphenicol is a bacteriostatic antibiotic with a broad spectrum of action against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as some other organisms. (drugstocker.com)
  • Chloramphenicol is a broad spectrum antibiotic which is effective against Gram-negative organisms including haemmophilus influenza, Salmonella typhi, streptococci staphylococci, pneumococci and gonococci), rickettsiae, chlamydias and mycoplasmas It should only be used in severe infections, such as meningitis, specticaenia or typhoid fever, when other antibiotics have failed, or when benefits outweights the risk. (drugstocker.com)
  • Florfenicol is a synthetic broad-spectrum antibiotic that is effective against most Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria isolated from domestic animals. (rangepharma.com)
  • The CAM, a bacteriostatic antibiotic of the phenicol family, has an effective bacteriostatic action against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and was the first broad-spectrum antibiotic to be used medically against typhoid infections. (fortuneonline.org)
  • I-guard contains ChIoramphenicol which is a broad spectrum bacteriostatic antibiotic. (inceptapharma.com)
Protein Synthesis5
  • They have some features in common - for example they inhibit protein synthesis in bacteria (with macrolides, lincosamides, and chloramphenicol acting at a similar site), and have some similar pharmacokinetic features. (veteriankey.com)
  • Chloramphenicol inhibits protein synthesis. (veteriankey.com)
  • Chloramphenicol reversibly binds to the 50S subunit to block the action of transpeptidylase and interferes with the amino acid-tRNA terminal binding with the 50S subunit, thereby hindering the formation of new peptide chains and inhibiting protein synthesis. (ballyabio.com)
  • Since chloramphenicol can also bind to the 70S of human mitochondria, it can also inhibit the protein synthesis of human mitochondria, causing toxicity to the human body. (ballyabio.com)
  • Florfenicol, a fluorinated derivative of chloramphenicol, acts by inhibiting protein synthesis at the ribosomal level and is bacteriostatic. (rangepharma.com)
Antibiotics9
  • In the realm of antibiotics, Chloramphenicol stands out as a potent and broad-spectrum option. (techplanet.today)
  • As with many antibiotics, bacterial resistance to Chloramphenicol has emerged over time. (techplanet.today)
  • 12 brands of honey tested, of which two were International brands, were found to contain antibiotics from the banned Chloramphenicol to the broad spectrum Ciprofloxacin and Erythromycin. (cseindia.org)
  • Chloramphenicol can easily pass deeply through purulent material (pus) to the organisms hiding within, through cell membranes to attack parasites living within, and into organs where other antibiotics cannot go. (vin.com)
  • The fact is the two antibiotics Chloramphenicol and Nitrofurans are banned for use in Malaysia since 1985. (consumer.org.my)
  • Nitrofurans are a group of broad spectrum antibiotics important for use in humans. (consumer.org.my)
  • A Cephalosporin Drugs is a group of semi-synthetic, wide-spectrum antibiotics mainly used to treat infections of bacteria. (powershow.com)
  • microbial inhibition test for Qualitative screening to detect broad spectrum antibiotics. (com.ng)
  • When the interaction of SNP with commonly used antibiotics was investigated, the observed effects were synergistic (ceftazidime), additive (streptomycin, kanamycin, ampiclox, polymyxin B) and antagonistic (chloramphenicol). (nih.gov)
Bacteria13
Florfenicol2
Tetracycline2
Infections11
Typhoid1
  • The original indication of chloramphenicol was in the treatment of typhoid, but the presence of multiple drug-resistant Salmonella typhi has meant it is seldom used for this indication except when the organism is known to be sensitive. (wikipedia.org)
Antibacterial2
  • This antibacterial agent broad spectrum of action, which has a pronounced bitter taste. (vsebolezni.com)
  • The antibacterial spectrum of S-gel was found to be comparable to that of a commercial formulation of silver sulfadiazine, albeit at a 30-fold less silver concentration. (nih.gov)
Hepatic microsomal enzymes1
  • Chloramphenicol is inactivated in the liver and may, therefore, interact with drugs that are metabolised by hepatic microsomal enzymes. (drugstocker.com)
Streptomyces2
  • Chloramphenicol was discovered after being isolated from Streptomyces venezuelae in 1947. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chloramphenicol chemically is D-(-)-threo-1- p- nitrol-phenyl-2-dichloroacetamido 1,3-propanediol ( Figure 36.1 ), has a pK a of 5.5, and was first isolated from the soil organism Streptomyces venezuelae in 1947. (veteriankey.com)
Drops14
Orally3
  • Chloramphenicol is absorbed orally with or without food (except some formulations in cats). (veteriankey.com)
  • The chloramphenicol acttab when taken orally is immediately absorbed into the bloodstream through the mucous membranes of the digestive tract. (vsebolezni.com)
  • Chloramphenicol may be given orally or topically, usually three times daily. (vin.com)
Bacterial2
  • Chloramphenicol/Prednisolone/Tetracaine/Squalane 4.2mg/1.7mg/4.5mg/0.21ml/ml Ointment is used in the treatment of bacterial or allergic otitis. (wedgewoodpharmacy.com)
  • Chloramphenicol diffuses through the bacterial cell wall and reversibly binds to the bacterial 50S ribosomal subunit. (drugstocker.com)
Residues3
  • USFDA's Import Alert 16-136 dated 18 April 2016, revealed that from October 1 2014 through September 2015 USFDA detected a significant increase in the presence of Nitrofurans and Chloramphenicol residues in shrimp products from Peninsular Malaysia. (consumer.org.my)
  • Of the 138 shrimp samples collected, 45 samples (32 percent) tested positive for Nitrofurans residues and or Chloramphenicol residues. (consumer.org.my)
  • BALLYA Chloramphenicol Test is manufactured by BALLYA, it's rapid test for detection chloramphenicol residues in chicken meat or bee product, especially in chicken mea. (ballyabio.com)
Organisms1
  • I-guard Eye/Ear Drop is used in Chloramphenicol susceptible organisms in infected eyelid, cornea (corneal ulcer), conjunctiva, lachrymal canal system and anterior of the uvea. (inceptapharma.com)
Mechanism1
  • This article delves into the fascinating world of Chloramphenicol Test Fluorescence , exploring its mechanism of action, historical significance, applications, and potential drawbacks. (techplanet.today)
Nitrofuran1
  • In 2002, the Health Ministry Parliamentary Secretary revealed that Nitrofuran and Chloramphenicol had been found in chickens tested. (consumer.org.my)
Propylene glycol2
  • Chloramphenicol is slightly soluble in water and freely soluble in propylene glycol and organic solvents. (veteriankey.com)
  • Note: Chloramphenicol injection (containing ethanol, glycerin or propylene glycol and other solvents), It should be extracted with a dry syringe and shaken while diluting to prevent precipitation of crystals. (ballyabio.com)
Chloromycetin1
  • Chloramphenicol has FDA approval for use in dogs, and is available in 100, 250, and 500 mg tablets (Chloromycetin). (veteriankey.com)
Staphylococcus1
Ribosome1
Strains2
Toxicity1
  • The syndrome is characterized by abdominal distension, cyanosis (grey colour ) and collapse within a few hours of onset of the syndromes, death may occur Breast feeding should be interrupted during treatment with chloramphenicol since toxicity in the infant cannot be excluded. (drugstocker.com)
Widely2
  • Is Chloramphenicol still widely used in modern medicine? (techplanet.today)
  • The objective of this study was to ascertain genetic structures involved in the horizontal transfer of the best characterized and most widely distributed broad-spectrum mer determinant, initially described in Bacillus cereus RC607 isolated from Boston Harbor, USA [41, 42]. (dadospdf.com)
Infection1
  • Aside from its uses for obvious infection, chloramphenicol has been used for the musculoskeletal disease called hypertrophic osteodystrophy, or HOD. (vin.com)
Chicken1
Bone2
  • This means that abnormal blood cells can be produced or that production of normal cells can be halted due to an action of chloramphenicol on patient bone marrow. (vin.com)
  • Context and objectives The use of chloramphenicol (CAM) has been reduced due to the side effects associated with its use (Bone marrow depression, neurotoxicity) and the increase in resistance to CAM that some microbes develop. (fortuneonline.org)
Absorption1
Precautions1
Resistant2
  • Because FQ-resistant E. broad-spectrum agents (6-8). (cdc.gov)
  • DNA was extracted using the alkaline-lysis and the production of extended-spectrum - method of Birnboim and Doly [16] and was lactamases by multidrug resistant E.coli has used in dot blot hybridization. (who.int)
Activity2
  • Chloramphenicol has three functional groups that largely determine its biological activity: the p- nitrophenol group, the dichloroacetyl group, and the alcoholic group at the third carbon of the propanediol chain (Yunis, 1988). (veteriankey.com)
  • Given its broad spectrum activity, efficacy and lower costs, the search for newer and superior silver based antimicrobial agents is necessary. (nih.gov)
Resistance5
  • Three mechanisms of resistance to chloramphenicol are known: reduced membrane permeability, mutation of the 50S ribosomal subunit, and elaboration of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase. (wikipedia.org)
  • medical citation needed] Chloramphenicol resistance may be carried on a plasmid that also codes for resistance to other drugs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Abstract - We have studied the mechanisms of the horizontal dissemination of a broad-spectrum mercury resistance determinant among Bacillus and related species. (dadospdf.com)
  • Two main mer determinant types have been described: narrow-spectrum mer determinants confer resistance to inorganic mercury salts only. (dadospdf.com)
  • resistance levels are control for colony dot blot hybridization usually high for broad-spectrum penicillin tests. (who.int)
Primarily1
  • Chloramphenicol is primarily synthesized in laboratories and is not naturally occurring in significant quantities. (techplanet.today)
Anticoagulants1
  • For example, chloramphenicol, enhances the effects of coumarin anticoagulants such as dicoumarol and warfarin sodium, some hypoglycemics such as chlorpropamide, and tolbutamide, and antiepileptics such as phenytoin and may reduce the metabolism of tacrolimus and of cyclophosphamide to its active form. (drugstocker.com)
Liver1
Active3
Species1
  • This reaction is especially of concern in cats and chloramphenicol should be used with caution in this species (special dosing, perhaps even some blood monitoring). (vin.com)
Typically1
Anaerobic1
  • Same as for third-generation plus broad anaerobic coverage. (mindmeister.com)
Humans1
Side effects1
Suspension1
Drug2
  • This article contains full instruction on the use of chloramphenicol acttab, given the specifics of the drug. (vsebolezni.com)
  • Chloramphenicol class of drug, also known as the broad spectrum penicillin g potassium salt, is very commonly and frequently used in veterinary medicine. (fourshr.com)
Commonly1
  • This includes insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides commonly used in agriculture that are known to produce broad ranging, off-target effects on beneficial wildlife, even at seemingly non-toxic low dose exposures. (researchgate.net)
Meningitis1
  • medical citation needed] In low-income countries, the WHO no longer recommends only chloramphenicol as first-line to treat meningitis, but recognises it may be used with caution if there are no available alternatives. (wikipedia.org)
Oral1
  • Chloramphenicol has the disadvantage of a narrow margin of safety in dogs and cats, and necessity of frequent administration in dogs to maintain adequate concentrations (three or four times daily oral administration). (veteriankey.com)