Bacterial meningitisViral meningitisInflammationMeningesPresenting symptomsCerebrospinal fluidEncephalitisAcuteVirusesMembranesLumbarParalyticNeoplasticInfectionSystemic lupus erythemMeningococcal meningitisIllnessParasiticIntracranialHeadacheNeisseriaClinicalCauses meningitisTypes of meningitisFungalKinds of meningitisMumpsAntibioticsNervous systemSubarachnoidCryptococcalSepticemiaInfectionsSevereTuberculousGermPneumococcalPatientsOutbreakDiseaseVaccines
Bacterial meningitis26
- Based on clinical symptoms, viral meningitis cannot be reliably differentiated from bacterial meningitis, although viral meningitis typically follows a more benign clinical course. (wikipedia.org)
- With the prevalence of bacterial meningitis in decline, the viral disease is garnering more and more attention. (wikipedia.org)
- In contrast to bacterial meningitis, symptoms associated with viral meningitis are often less severe and do not progress as quickly. (wikipedia.org)
- Bacterial meningitis is very serious and may involve complicated medical, surgical, pharmaceutical, and life support management. (lisd.net)
- How serious is bacterial meningitis? (lisd.net)
- Usually, noninfectious meningitis causes symptoms that are similar to those of bacterial meningitis but are milder and may develop more slowly. (msdmanuals.com)
- What is the risk of getting bacterial meningitis? (etchs.net)
- The risk of getting bacterial meningitis in all age groups is about 2.4 cases per 100,000 population per year. (etchs.net)
- How can bacterial meningitis be prevented? (etchs.net)
- What you should do if you think you or a friend might have bacterial meningitis? (etchs.net)
- Bacterial meningitis is very serious, but less common. (uvahealth.com)
- Viral meningitis has symptoms similar to bacterial meningitis. (uvahealth.com)
- Meningitis is most often caused by a virus (viral meningitis), but sometimes is caused by bacteria (bacterial meningitis). (kidshealth.org)
- Bacterial meningitis is rare, but is usually serious and can be life-threatening if not treated right away. (kidshealth.org)
- People of any age can get bacterial meningitis, but it spreads easily among those living in close quarters, so teens, college students, and boarding-school students are at higher risk for infection. (kidshealth.org)
- Viral meningitis (also called aseptic meningitis) is more common than bacterial meningitis and usually less serious. (kidshealth.org)
- Bacterial meningitis can be very serious. (kidshealth.org)
- Bacterial meningitis can cause problems that might need extra treatment. (kidshealth.org)
- Problems from bacterial meningitis can be severe and include neurological problems, such as hearing loss, visual impairment, seizures, and learning disabilities. (kidshealth.org)
- Anyone who's had bacterial meningitis should get a hearing test after they recover. (kidshealth.org)
- Although bacterial meningitis can seem scary, the chance of getting it is quite low. (kidshealth.org)
- In some cases, doctors may give antibiotics to anyone who's been around a person who has bacterial meningitis to help prevent infection. (kidshealth.org)
- Bacterial meningitis can cause serious problems that might need extra treatment, possibly in the hospital ICU. (kidshealth.org)
- It is responsible for botulism, meningitis, and other types of bacterial meningitis. (wetlab.org)
- Unlike many forms of bacterial meningitis, TBM is often difficult to diagnose, as initial symptoms are generally subacute and often nonspecific (although occasionally may present more acutely), and neck stiffness is typically not present in the early course of the illness. (medscape.com)
- Unlike most forms of bacterial meningitis, TBM is more likely to cause neurological deficits, including altered mental status, personality changes, and, as the lesions may result in neurovascular compression, cranial nerve deficits and infarcts. (medscape.com)
Viral meningitis22
- Viral meningitis, also known as aseptic meningitis, is a type of meningitis due to a viral infection. (wikipedia.org)
- medical citation needed] Most cases of viral meningitis are caused by enteroviruses (common stomach viruses). (wikipedia.org)
- However, other viruses can also cause viral meningitis, such as West Nile virus, mumps, measles, herpes simplex types I and II, varicella and lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) virus. (wikipedia.org)
- Viral meningitis has no evidence of bacteria present in cerebral spinal fluid (CSF). (wikipedia.org)
- In the United States, viral meningitis is the cause of more than half of all cases of meningitis. (wikipedia.org)
- For enteroviral meningitis, the most common cause of viral meningitis, there are up to 75,000 cases annually in the United States alone. (wikipedia.org)
- Viral meningitis characteristically presents with fever, headache and neck stiffness. (wikipedia.org)
- Increased cranial pressure from viral meningitis stimulates the area postrema, which causes nausea and vomiting. (wikipedia.org)
- Babies with viral meningitis may only appear irritable, sleepy or have trouble eating. (wikipedia.org)
- The most common causes of viral meningitis in the United States are non-polio enteroviruses. (wikipedia.org)
- Medical management of viral meningitis consists of supportive treatment and there is usually no indication for the use of antibiotics. (lisd.net)
- Viral meningitis is inflammation of the leptomeninges as a manifestation of central nervous system (CNS) infection. (medscape.com)
- Viral meningitis is also often referred to as aseptic meningitis. (medscape.com)
- In uncomplicated viral meningitis, the clinical course is usually self-limited, with complete recovery in 7-10 days. (medscape.com)
- Currently, more than 85% of viral meningitis cases are caused by nonpolio enteroviruses. (medscape.com)
- Enteroviruses account for more than 85% of all cases of viral meningitis. (medscape.com)
- Viral meningitis is a fairly common condition throughout many areas of the world. (ihealthdirectory.com)
- Some doctors list viral meningitis and syphilitic meningitis under aseptic meningitis. (beyondconformity.co.nz)
- Viral meningitis may be caused by several viruses. (uvahealth.com)
- Most cases of viral meningitis end within 7 to 10 days. (kidshealth.org)
- Herpesviruses owe their successful spread to their complexity, which has enabled them to effectively slow down the human immune system, herpes can cause viral meningitis. (curezone.org)
- Most children with viral meningitis feel better in 7-10 days and usually can recover at home if they're not too ill. (kidshealth.org)
Inflammation14
- It results in inflammation of the meninges (the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord). (wikipedia.org)
- Meningitis is an inflammation of the covering of the brain and spinal cord---also called the meninges. (lisd.net)
- Noninfectious meningitis is inflammation of the layers of tissue that cover the brain and spinal cord (meninges) and of the fluid-filled space between the meninges (subarachnoid space) when it is caused by disorders that are not infections or by drugs or vaccines. (msdmanuals.com)
- Introduction to Meningitis Meningitis is inflammation of the layers of tissue that cover the brain and spinal cord (meninges) and of the fluid-filled space between the meninges (subarachnoid space). (msdmanuals.com)
- Aseptic meningitis: Inflammation of the membranes (meninges) that cover the brain and spinal cord. (chiariproject.org)
- Aseptic meningitis is the inflammation of the meninges, a membrane covering the brain and spinal cord, in patients whose cerebral spinal fluid test result is negative with routine bacterial cultures. (pavementworks.com)
- Other areas of the body that can be affected by the inflammation of Behcet's Disease include the back of the eyes (retina), brain, joints, skin, and bowels. (wixsite.com)
- Symptoms of inflammation of the brain or tissue that covers the brain (meninges) include headaches, neck stiffness, and is often associated with fever. (wixsite.com)
- Both HSV-1 and HSV-2 can also cause serious complications such as aseptic meningitis (inflammation of the linings of the brain) triggers can include illness, stress, and hormonal changes. (curezone.org)
- This complication can occur when the virus causes inflammation in the membranes and cerebrospinal fluid that surround both the brain and the spinal cord. (curezone.org)
- Herpes the baby gets in the uterus can cause: Eye disease, such as inflammation of the retina (chorioretinitis) Severe brain damage. (curezone.org)
- They also might give steroids to ease inflammation in the brain and IV fluids to replace those lost due to fever, sweating, vomiting, and poor appetite. (kidshealth.org)
- Meningitis is a disease that causes inflammation of the tissues surrounding the brain and spinal cord, and it can be fatal if it does not receive immediate medical attention. (elpais.com)
- Encephalitis is inflammation of the parenchyma of the brain, resulting from direct viral invasion or occurring as a postinfectious immunologic complication caused by a hypersensitivity reaction to a virus or another foreign protein. (merckmanuals.com)
Meninges9
- The various layers of meninges act form a separation between the brain and the skull. (wikipedia.org)
- T1-weighted MRI of brain demonstrates diffuse enhancement of the meninges in viral meningoencephalitis. (medscape.com)
- The membranes that cover the spinal cord and the brain are called meninges. (ihealthdirectory.com)
- The brain and spinal cord are covered by three layers of tissue called meninges. (msdmanuals.com)
- This space contains the cerebrospinal fluid, which flows through the meninges, fills the spaces within the brain, and helps cushion the brain and spinal cord. (msdmanuals.com)
- Within the skull, the brain is covered by three layers of tissue called the meninges. (msdmanuals.com)
- Cerebral spinal fluid: Fluid occupying the ventricles of the brain, subarachnoid space of the meninges, and the central canal of the spinal cord. (chiariproject.org)
- around the brain and spinal cord called the meninges (pronounced: meh-NIN-jeez). (kidshealth.org)
- Some of these complications include: Meningitis, an infection of the fluid (cerebrospinal fluid, or CSF) and tissues (meninges) that surround the brain and spinal cord. (curezone.org)
Presenting symptoms1
- Interestingly, research has shown that HSV-2 meningitis most often occurs in people with no history of genital herpes, and that a severe frontal headache is among the most common presenting symptoms. (wikipedia.org)
Cerebrospinal fluid1
- The confirmation of an inflammatory origin is usually made during the work-up by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis for brain, spinal cord or nerve roots involvement. (vin.com)
Encephalitis5
- Viral names the causative agent, and the term meningitis implies lack of parenchymal and spinal cord involvement (otherwise called encephalitis and myelitis, respectively). (medscape.com)
- Enteroviruses can cause respiratory illness, febrile rash, and neurologic illnesses, such as aseptic meningitis (swelling of the tissue covering the brain and spinal cord) and encephalitis (swelling of the brain). (ckonfm.com)
- In case of encephalitis however, the patient will express fore brain signs: 1. (vin.com)
- Swelling of the brain (encephalitis). (wetlab.org)
- Viruses causing primary encephalitis directly invade the brain. (merckmanuals.com)
Acute3
- EV-D68 infection typically causes mild respiratory illness but occasionally may progress to more severe clinical syndromes (pneumonia, hepatitis, cardiomyopathy, and acute neurologic diseases including aseptic meningitis and poliolike paralytic disease). (cdc.gov)
- Noninfectious meningitis is a type of aseptic meningitis (meningitis caused by something other than the bacteria that typically cause acute meningitis). (msdmanuals.com)
- TBM must be differentiated not only from other forms of acute and subacute meningitis, but also from conditions such as viral infections and cerebral abscesses (See Diagnosis ). (medscape.com)
Viruses7
- Viruses are the most common cause of aseptic meningitis. (wikipedia.org)
- As discussed below, many viruses are capable of causing meningitis. (medscape.com)
- Seizures are more common with arboviral meningitis than with any other group of viruses. (medscape.com)
- Spinal meningitis is a disease that develops when the protective membrane covering the brain become inflamed because of bacteria or viruses. (ihealthdirectory.com)
- Wild type mumps viruses are highly neurotropic and a frequent cause of aseptic meningitis in unvaccinated humans. (lookformedical.com)
- Meningitis caused by germs like bacteria or viruses often starts in another part of the body. (kidshealth.org)
- Many of the viruses that cause meningitis are common, such as those that cause colds , diarrhea, cold sores , and the flu . (kidshealth.org)
Membranes1
- When these membranes become inflamed it is known as Meningitis. (ihealthdirectory.com)
Lumbar3
- Spinal fluid is obtained by a lumbar puncture (spinal tap). (etchs.net)
- If the doctor thinks it might be meningitis, they'll likely order a lumbar puncture ( spinal tap ) to collect a sample of spinal fluid. (kidshealth.org)
- A lumbar puncture is necessary if meningitis is suspected, with the caveat that there is some risk of herniation of the medulla if intracranial hypertension is suspected. (medscape.com)
Paralytic1
- Enteroviruses 70 and 71, which exhibit strong neurotropism, are associated with meningoencephalitis, poliolike paralytic syndromes, and Guillain-Barre syndrome, as well as aseptic meningitis. (medscape.com)
Neoplastic1
- Infections (viral, bacterial, and fungal) are the most common causes of this condition, but subarachnoid hemorrhage (HEMORRHAGES, SUBARACHNOID), chemical irritation (chemical MENINGITIS), granulomatous conditions, neoplastic conditions (CARCINOMATOUS MENINGITIS), and other inflammatory conditions may produce this syndrome. (bvsalud.org)
Infection9
- Magnetic resonance images of the brain and spinal cord of a woman who later died of fatal neurologic disease associated with enterovirus D68 infection. (cdc.gov)
- their propensity to cause infection during the warmer months is the major factor in the higher incidence of aseptic meningitis during that time. (medscape.com)
- It's caused by an infection in the fluid of the spinal cord, as well as the fluid that surrounds the brain. (ihealthdirectory.com)
- The type of meningitis treatment that you receive from your doctor will depend on the type of meningitis that you have, your age and how widespread the infection has become. (ihealthdirectory.com)
- Syphilitic meningitis: (sometimes called aseptic) caused by infection with the bacterium that causes syphilis. (beyondconformity.co.nz)
- caused by tuberculosis infection, and left untreated may cause brain damage. (beyondconformity.co.nz)
- Meningitis symptoms vary, depending on the person's age and the cause of the infection. (kidshealth.org)
- In these cases, the bacteria may be found in the blood (septicemia), the spinal fluid (meningitis), the urinary tract (UTI) or any area of infection. (wetlab.org)
- Infection in immunocompetent humans most commonly results in nonspecific febrile illness, although aseptic meningitis develops in a subset of persons. (medscape.com)
Systemic lupus erythem1
- Noninfectious meningitis due to NSAIDs may occur in people who have autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus). (msdmanuals.com)
Meningococcal meningitis2
- However, the highest risk group for the most serious form of the disease, meningococcal meningitis, is highest among children 2 to 18 years old. (etchs.net)
- But because it can be so serious, doctors now recommend that all teens get vaccinated against meningococcal meningitis. (kidshealth.org)
Illness2
- The bacteria rarely overcomes the body's immune system and causes meningitis or another serious illness. (etchs.net)
- Manifestations include a nonspecific minor illness (abortive poliomyelitis), sometimes aseptic meningitis without. (merckmanuals.com)
Parasitic1
- Parasitic and fungal meningitis are very rare. (lisd.net)
Intracranial4
- Cytokines and increased intracranial pressure stimulate nociceptors in the brain that lead to headaches. (wikipedia.org)
- Treatment of cryptococcosis consists of three main aspects: antifungal therapy, intracranial pressure management for cryptococcal meningitis, and restoration of immune function with antiretroviral therapy (ART). (biomedcentral.com)
- In cryptococcal meningitis, intracranial pressure rises along with CSF fungal burden and is associated with morbidity and mortality. (biomedcentral.com)
- The bacilli may then seed to the central nervous system (CNS) and result in three forms of CNS TB: tuberculous meningitis, intracranial tuberculoma, and spinal tuberculous arachnoiditis. (medscape.com)
Headache2
- Doctors suspect meningitis when people have a headache and stiff neck, particularly with fever. (msdmanuals.com)
- Get medical care right away if you think that you could have meningitis or you have symptoms such as vomiting, headache, tiredness or confusion, neck stiffness, rash, and fever. (kidshealth.org)
Neisseria1
- caused by several different types of bacteria called Neisseria meningitides . (beyondconformity.co.nz)
Clinical4
- The most common clinical manifestation is meningoencephalitis rather than pure meningitis. (medscape.com)
- The diagnosis is usually based on a combination of clinical symptoms and laboratory results from spinal fluid and blood. (etchs.net)
- The most common clinical presentation is cryptococcal meningitis. (biomedcentral.com)
- Since the clinical and neuroimaging presentation of PCNSL can be varied and the differential diagnostic possibilities are therefore large, no patient should be treated for PCNSL without definitive cytologic proof of diagnosis, either by vitrectomy, CSF sampling, or brain biopsy. (medscape.com)
Causes meningitis1
- What Causes Meningitis? (kidshealth.org)
Types of meningitis1
- Some types of meningitis (pronounced: meh-nen-JYE-tis) can be dangerous and even life-threatening. (kidshealth.org)
Fungal1
- The U.S. government issued an alert Tuesday after U.S. residents returning from Matamoros, Mexico, were diagnosed with suspected fungal meningitis infections. (elpais.com)
Kinds of meningitis1
- Both kinds of meningitis spread to other people like most other common infections do - someone who's infected touches, kisses, or coughs or sneezes on someone who isn't infected. (kidshealth.org)
Mumps1
- Mumps meningitis can present similarly to isolated mumps, with possible parotid and testicular swelling. (wikipedia.org)
Antibiotics1
- No antibiotics are needed when meningitis is caused by a virus (not bacteria). (kidshealth.org)
Nervous system5
- Central nervous system: The part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord, which coordinates the entire nervous system of the body. (chiariproject.org)
- The nervous system is by far the most complex part of the human body … and lupus can significantly affect it at almost any level … causing symptoms from brain fog to skin pain and from muscle weakness to even the nerves controlling your heart rate! (kaleidoscopefightinglupus.org)
- The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord - the "centers" where we coordinate, regulate and interpret and ultimately control most of our other bodily functions … and occasionally some thinking! (kaleidoscopefightinglupus.org)
- Our peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of all of the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord and as such, allows the CNS them to sense and communicate with the rest of the body and the outside world. (kaleidoscopefightinglupus.org)
- Leptospirosis involves nervous system in around 10-15% of the cases, the commonest presentation being aseptic meningitis. (biomedcentral.com)
Subarachnoid2
- Noninfectious meningitis may also develop after a brain cyst ruptures and the fluid in it leaks into the subarachnoid space. (msdmanuals.com)
- As the disease progresses, the Rich foci enlarge and may eventually rupture into the subarachnoid space, resulting in meningitis (See Pathophysiology ). (medscape.com)
Cryptococcal3
- Cryptococcal meningitis is the most common form of cryptococcosis. (biomedcentral.com)
- The relapse rate of cryptococcal meningitis after antifungal therapy is also substantially reduced in patients receiving ART [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- A randomized trial has recently demonstrated that deferring ART for a specific duration after the start of antifungal therapy improved survival rates among patients with cryptococcal meningitis, as compared with immediate initiation of ART [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Septicemia1
- They are a sign of blood poisoning (septicemia), which sometimes happens with meningitis, particularly the meningococcal strain. (lisd.net)
Infections3
- Noninfectious meningitis is caused by disorders that are not infections or by drugs or vaccines. (msdmanuals.com)
- It is usually related to infections in the URINARY TRACT, which likely spread to the EPIDIDYMIS and then the TESTIS through either the VAS DEFERENS or the lymphatics of the SPERMATIC CORD. (lookformedical.com)
- I am interested in learning more about what causes brain and spinal cord infections in children. (cumedicine.us)
Severe1
- Gablofen ® (baclofen injection) is a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) ergic agonist indicated for use in the management of severe spasticity of cerebral or spinal origin in adult and pediatric patients age 4 years and above. (gablofen.com)
Tuberculous1
- [ 50 ] Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a manifestation of extrapulmonary TB, develping in 1%-5% of the approximately 10 million cases of TB worldwide. (medscape.com)
Germ1
- It is important to maintain aseptic (germ free) conditions when dealing with these bacteria. (wetlab.org)
Pneumococcal1
- A bacterial form of meningitis, which has become much more common after the use of the Hib vaccine: For basic information in Pneumococcal see here . (beyondconformity.co.nz)
Patients2
- Patients with varicella zoster meningitis may present with herpes zoster (Shingles) in conjunction with classic meningeal signs. (wikipedia.org)
- Nonparalytic poliomyelitis is seen in 1% of patients who presented with aseptic meningitis. (microbeonline.com)
Outbreak1
- The warning comes just months after at least 26 people died in a meningitis outbreak in the Mexican state of Durango . (elpais.com)
Disease4
- MOG antibody disease is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system is attacking the MOG protein, which is expressed on the myelin in your brain, optic nerves, and spinal cord. (wearesrna.org)
- PCNSLs are assumed to be diffusely infiltrative at the time of presentation and considered a "whole brain" disease. (medscape.com)
- The areas of disease are not visible on neuroimaging studies because they are behind a relatively intact blood-brain barrier. (medscape.com)
- According to the health notice , issued by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the infected travelers had undergone "medical or surgical procedures (including liposuction) that involved injection of an anesthetic into the area around the spinal column. (elpais.com)
Vaccines2
- Many colleges require their students to get meningitis vaccines. (kidshealth.org)
- and live-virus vaccines (eg, the older rabies vaccines prepared from sheep or goat brain). (merckmanuals.com)