Caused by infection with the spirochetal (helical) bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi, Lyme disease is primarily transmitted to humans , as well as dogs , horses and other domesticated animals, by the bite of infected ticks . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
B. burgdorferi sensu stricto (predominant in North America, but also in Europe), B. afzelii, and B. garinii (both predominant in Eurasia). (newworldencyclopedia.org)
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Lyme disease, also known as Lyme borreliosis, is a vector-borne disease caused by Borrelia bacteria, which are spread by ticks in the genus Ixodes. (wikipedia.org)
Lyme disease or Lyme borreliosis is the most commonly reported vector-borne disease in the Northern Hemisphere. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Afzelii1
In Europe and Asia, Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia garinii, B. spielmanii and four other species also cause the disease. (wikipedia.org)
Genus2
Lyme disease is transmitted to humans by the bites of infected ticks of the genus Ixodes. (wikipedia.org)
Lyme disease is caused by spirochetal bacteria from the genus Borrelia , which has well over 300 known genomic strains. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Hemisphere2
Lyme disease is the most common disease spread by ticks in the Northern Hemisphere. (wikipedia.org)
Lyme symptoms most often occur from May to September in the Northern Hemisphere because the nymphal stage of the tick is responsible for most cases. (wikipedia.org)
Juvenile rheumatoi1
However, the full syndrome, now known as Lyme disease, was not identified until 1975, when a cluster of cases thought to be juvenile rheumatoid arthritis occurred in three towns in southeastern Connecticut in the United States . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Syndrome4
Chronic symptoms following treatment are known as "post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome" (PTLDS). (wikipedia.org)
Before 1975, elements of Borrelia infection were also known as Tickborne meningopolyneuritis, Garin-Bujadoux syndrome, Bannwarth syndrome, or sheep tick fever. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
The widespread prevalence of the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and associated virus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to some reported cases of IFP. (medscape.com)
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Apart from this group of closely related genospecies, additional Borrelia species of interest include B. lonestari, a spirochete recently detected in the Amblyomma americanum tick (Lone Star tick) in the U.S. [7] B. lonestari is suspected of causing STARI (Southern Tick-Associated Rash Illness), also known as Masters disease in honor of its discoverer. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Over the years, researchers there identified additional features of the disease, including an unidentified pathogen, the disease's response to penicillin , the role of the Ixodes tick (wood tick) as its vector, and other symptoms, including those affecting the central nervous system . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Treatment2
There is controversy regarding how prevalent the disease is, and competing perspectives on diagnosis and treatment (see The Lyme controversy below). (newworldencyclopedia.org)
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Patients1
The latest guidelines (2103) from the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation do not recommend diagnostic imaging and routine lab testing for patients with new-onset disease. (medscape.com)
Test1
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Sign2
The initial sign of about 80% of Lyme infections is an erythema migrans (EM) rash at the site of a tick bite, often near skin folds such as the armpit, groin, or back of the knee, on the trunk, under clothing straps, or in children's hair, ears, or neck. (wikipedia.org)
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History1
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Negative1
Blood tests are often falsely negative in the early stages of the disease. (wikipedia.org)
Oral1
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Produce1
Lyme disease can affect several body systems and produce a broad range of symptoms. (wikipedia.org)
Vector-borne disease2
Lyme disease, also known as Lyme borreliosis, is a vector-borne disease caused by Borrelia bacteria, which are spread by ticks in the genus Ixodes. (wikipedia.org)
Lyme is the fastest growing vector borne disease in the world. (lymeaustralia.com)
Endemic1
Persons living in Lyme disease--endemic areas can take steps to reduce their risk for infection, including daily self-examination for ticks, selective use of acaricides and tick repellents, use of landscaping practices that reduce tick populations in yards and play areas, and avoidance of tick-infested areas. (nih.gov)
Bacteria1
By outlining the basics and providing background information, it is hoped that the 'mystery' surrounding Lyme is lifted and that it can be very plainly seen that the likelihood that the bacteria responsible for Lyme is in Australia is quite high, and that there is an urgent need for further investigation and thorough research in this field. (lymeaustralia.com)
Transmitted to humans1
Lyme disease is transmitted to humans by the bites of infected ticks of the genus Ixodes. (wikipedia.org)
Symptoms6
Chronic symptoms following treatment are known as "post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome" (PTLDS). (wikipedia.org)
Lyme disease can affect several body systems and produce a broad range of symptoms. (wikipedia.org)
Not everyone with Lyme disease has all of the symptoms and many of the symptoms are not specific to Lyme disease, but can occur with other diseases, as well. (wikipedia.org)
Lyme symptoms most often occur from May to September in the Northern Hemisphere because the nymphal stage of the tick is responsible for most cases. (wikipedia.org)
A note for those that struggle reading long documents: I have received some comments from Lyme patients that whilst they would love to read the document, their neurological symptoms means that 46 pages is simply beyond their capability. (lymeaustralia.com)
What it is, the clinical picture and symptoms associated with the disease as well as detailed information on how it is transmitted and maintained in the environment. (lymeaustralia.com)
Clinical1
As of 2023[update] clinical trials of proposed human vaccines for Lyme disease were being carried out, but no vaccine was available. (wikipedia.org)
Infection1
However, due to the various ways the illness can manifest, the lack of definitive laboratory tests for diagnosis and more importantly the overall lack of awareness surrounding Lyme disease, many people may go undiagnosed for long periods of time, rendering the treatment and recovery process of complicated due to the infection having widely disseminated. (lymeaustralia.com)
Cases4
In most cases, a tick must be attached for 36 to 48 hours or more before the Lyme disease bacterium can be transmitted. (wikipedia.org)
This report summarizes surveillance data for 64,382 Lyme disease cases reported to CDC during 2003-2005, of which 59,770 cases (93%) were reported from the 10 reference states. (nih.gov)
In the United States of America (USA), the Centre for Disease Control (CDC) recently released figures of around 300,000 new cases of Lyme disease each year in America alone. (lymeaustralia.com)
The 'No Lyme in Australia' stance is maintained, despite thousands of clinically suspected cases that date back as far as the 1980's. (lymeaustralia.com)
Data1
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Report2
Apart from the Executive Summary, t he information in this overview (and its complimentary report ' Lyme Disease: A Counter Argument to the Australian Governments Denial' was published on the Lyme Australia Recognition and Awareness (LARA) website in July 2012, effectively being copyrighted at that time. (lymeaustralia.com)
The complimentary report to this overview - 'Lyme Disease: A Counter Argument to the Australian Government's Denial' by Karen Smith (2012), - examines the research by Russell and others and outlines a number of issues with the methods utilised and questions a number of the erroneous conclusions drawn. (lymeaustralia.com)
Early1
Blood tests are often falsely negative in the early stages of the disease. (wikipedia.org)
Reduce1
If you remove a tick quickly (within 24 hours), you can greatly reduce your chances of getting Lyme disease. (wikipedia.org)
Research2
1994 research should have encouraged further investigation, rather than simply dismissing the existence of Lyme and putting a twenty year freeze on government research. (lymeaustralia.com)
While the counter-argument focused more exclusively on examining the problems with methods used and conclusions drawn with regards to the research underlying the denial of Lyme in Australia, the aim of this current review is to provide a brief outline of Lyme. (lymeaustralia.com)
People2
The disease does not appear to be transmissible between people, by other animals nor through food. (wikipedia.org)
According to Australian Government Health departments, Australia is the one continent exempt from a disease that affects over half a million people around the world each year. (lymeaustralia.com)