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CoagulaseStaphylococcusStaphylococcus aureusStaphylococcal InfectionsStaphylococcal Protein ABacteriological TechniquesMethicillin ResistanceMannitolStaphylococcal Food PoisoningMastitis, BovineAgarTolonium ChlorideMethicillinPhenolphthaleinsBacterial Typing TechniquesStaphylococcus PhagesOxacillinMicrococcaceaeDeoxyribonucleasesBacteriophage TypingEquipment ContaminationStaphylococcus lugdunensisStaphylococcus haemolyticusCross InfectionStaphylococcus epidermidisBacteremiaMastitisPreservation, BiologicalAnti-Bacterial AgentsReagent Kits, DiagnosticMicrococcal NucleaseAgglutination TestsMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMilkBloodPneumonia, StaphylococcalCulture MediaLysostaphinHydrolasesHemolysin ProteinsElectrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-FieldFood MicrobiologyPolymorphism, Restriction Fragment LengthEncyclopedias as TopicFibrinYersinia pestis
StaphylococciTube coagulase testCoNSIsolatesAgarBacteriaEnzyme coagulaseFree coagulaseBound coagulaseSlide coagulase testSepsisClotsEpidermidisProduce coagulaseStrainsStaphylococcal speciesAntimicrobialVirulencePlasma to clotAntibiotic resistanceFibrinInfectionsStreptococcusBacterialOrganismsCocciReactsNeonatalSensitivityInfectionMannitolSpecimensCultures positiveCultureSelectiveTest
Staphylococci33
  • Importantly, S. aureus is generally coagulase-positive, meaning that a positive coagulase test would indicate the presence of S. aureus or any of the other 11 coagulase-positive Staphylococci. (wikipedia.org)
  • Whereas coagulase-positive Staphylococci are usually pathogenic, coagulase-negative Staphylococci are more often associated with opportunistic infection. (wikipedia.org)
  • The coagulase test has traditionally been used to differentiate Staphylococcus aureus from coagulase-negative staphylococci. (wikipedia.org)
  • List of coagulase-positive staphylococci: Staphylococcus aureus subsp. (wikipedia.org)
  • List of coagulase-negative staphylococci of clinical significance: S. saprophyticus, S.cohnii subsp. (wikipedia.org)
  • Background: Little published data are available on the epidemiology and significance of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) in blood culture isolates among critically ill adult patients. (edu.au)
  • As a result, the skin is physiologically colonised by a host of microorganisms , including at least 47 species of coagulase-negative staphylococci [1]. (dermnetnz.org)
  • Coagulase-negative staphylococci are gram-positive, aerobic organisms distinguished from the closely related Staphylococcus aureus by the group's inability to form coagulase, an enzyme that promotes thrombus formation via the conversion of fibrinogen into fibrin [2]. (dermnetnz.org)
  • Coagulase-negative staphylococci are an important part of normal skin microbiota , and they also colonise mucous membranes in adults and children from a few weeks of age [1]. (dermnetnz.org)
  • Until two decades ago, coagulase-negative staphylococci were commonly perceived as contaminants in clinical specimens. (dermnetnz.org)
  • The S. epidermidis group of coagulase-negative staphylococci are of particular importance. (dermnetnz.org)
  • 75% of coagulase-negative staphylococci in all clinical specimens [2]. (dermnetnz.org)
  • Collectively, S. epidermidis and S. haemolyticus account for the majority of foreign body and premature neonatal infections due to coagulase-negative staphylococci [1]. (dermnetnz.org)
  • Coagulase-negative staphylococci are implicated in the 'double-hit' phenomenon, a theory used to explain the cause of atopic dermatitis . (dermnetnz.org)
  • Gram-positive cocci, including coagulase-negative staphylococci, Staphylococcus aureus , Streptococcus pneumoniae and other Gram-positive cocci, accounted for 42.3% of isolates. (who.int)
  • All blood cultures cluding coagulase-negative staphylococci, are incubated at 35 °C for at least 2 weeks. (who.int)
  • In the last decades, coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), especially Staphylococcus epidermidis have become an important cause of bloodstream infections. (scielo.br)
  • The book is divided into eight chapters, with a presentation of the genus Staphylococcus , current classification, general characteristics of these bacteria and the clinical significance of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), which are often classified as mere blood culture contaminants, but are the etiological agents most commonly associated with neonatal infections and peritonitis in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. (novapublishers.com)
  • Coagulase-negative staphylococci can colonize the surface of catheters and produce an extracellular polysaccharide that leads to the formation of biofilms which potentiate their pathogenicity. (novapublishers.com)
  • 12.8 %), coagulase-negative Staphylococci (12.4 %), Acinetobacter sp. (ijpsonline.com)
  • In neonates a high proportion of blood cultures yield a mixed growth or skin commensals, principally coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS). (bmj.com)
  • The most frequently isolated pathogens at all sites were Acinetobacter baumannii (n=54), Klebsiella species (n=13) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (n=9). (scielo.org.za)
  • Gram positive cocci (GPC) were the predominant isolates with Coagulase positive (32.2%) and Coagulase-negative (28.7%) Staphylococci accounting for 60.9% of the total isolates. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Coagulase Negative, Coagulase Positive Staphylococci, Salmonella and Klebsiella were the aetiological agents of bloodstream infection among children at TTH. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This test is useful in differentiating S.aureus from other coagulase-negative staphylococci. (biocheminsider.com)
  • The coagulase test is useful for differentiating potentially pathogenic Staphylococci such as Staphylococcus aureus from other Gram positive, catalase-positive cocci. (biocheminsider.com)
  • Furthermore, contamination of blood cultures by skin microbiota such as coagulase-negative Staphylococci may be problematic in specific populations such as immunocompromised patients where determining true pathogens can be more difficult. (xtalks.com)
  • Episodes with discordant results of PCR and blood culture included mainly detection of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS). (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
  • The coagulase negative species S. epidermidis and S. saprophyticus and other less commonly isolated species are often referred to simply as coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) without further identification. (medicofem.com)
  • Lastly, characterization of the gut, oral and skin microbiota of extremely preterm infants revealed a microbiota with a profound lack of anaerobes, dominated by Gram-positive facultatives, especially coagulase-negative staphylococci, and with a high prevalence of yeasts. (gu.se)
  • Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci are the most common infections in both neonatal and paediatric intensive care units 1,2 and have a significant impact on patients' mortality and morbidity 3-5 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Staphylococcus aureus , followed by coagulase-negative staphylococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae . (who.int)
  • Cultures positive for coagulase-negative staphylococci (CONS) were excluded as possible contaminants, if not clinically and laboratory compatible with meningitis. (who.int)
Tube coagulase test4
CoNS5
  • Objectives: To describe the epidemiology and frequency of CoNS blood culture isolates in critically ill adults, and investigate the association between time to positivity (TTP) of blood cultures and number of culture-positive bottles with organ dysfunction and mortality. (edu.au)
  • Design, setting and participants: A retrospective chart audit in the intensive care unit of a tertiary hospital comprising all patients who had positive blood cultures for CoNS in 2009. (edu.au)
  • Of these, 515 sets from patients outside the ICU (34% of all hospital positive blood cultures) and 54 from the ICU (49.5% of all ICU positive blood cultures) were positive for CoNS. (edu.au)
  • Conclusions: Early TTP of blood cultures with CoNS may be associated with poorer outcome and may be a marker of true infection. (edu.au)
  • Given the relatively high frequency of this microbiological problem, larger prospective observational studies are required to more clearly define the significance of a CoNS blood culture isolates in critically ill adult patients. (edu.au)
Isolates5
  • The identified isolates were tested by Coagulase gene RFLP typing. (hindawi.com)
  • Slide coagulase test may be used to screen isolates of S.aureus and tube coagulase may be used for confirmation. (biocheminsider.com)
  • Staphaurex-positive isolates and Staphaurex-negative tube coagulase-positive isolates were identified as S. aureus and saved for further testing. (cdc.gov)
  • Staphaurex-positive tube coagulase-negative isolates were discarded. (cdc.gov)
  • Therefore, this study aims to assess the main bacterial isolates in blood cultures and a possible change in their sensitivity profiles in a clinical analysis laboratory in Fortaleza, Ceará. (bvsalud.org)
Agar7
  • Clinical symptoms and signs in patients are onto chocolate agar, blood agar and eosin not sufficiently reliable to predict bacter- methylene blue agar plates. (who.int)
  • They are divided into three groups by the type of hemolysis on blood agar: beta-hemolytic (complete lysis of red cells), a hemolytic (green hemolysis), and gamma-hemolytic (no hemolysis). (nih.gov)
  • It is a facultative anaerobe, grows best in 5 to 10% carbon dioxide, and forms pinpoint colonies on blood agar plates. (nih.gov)
  • Culture media: Blood agar, Nutrient agar, MacConkey agar. (medicofem.com)
  • blood agar prepared by heating blood to 56 o C until medium becomes brown or chocolate in color. (umd.edu)
  • Mannitol-fermenting colonies (yellow or gold) were selected from the MSA plates and subcultured to trypticase soy agar + 5% sheep blood plates (BAP) and incubated at 37°C overnight. (cdc.gov)
  • Staphylococcus epidermidis is non-hemolytic on growth on sheep blood agar. (chezbebeny.com)
Bacteria10
  • Not only are nosocomial infec- nurses disinfect skin with 70% alcohol fol- tions increasing, they are more frequently lowed by 2% povidone-iodine before col- being caused by pathogenic bacteria that lecting blood samples. (who.int)
  • A myriad of agents can potentially be transmitted through blood transfusions, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites. (medscape.com)
  • Bacteria or, for that matter, any infective agent that potentially evades the sterility of the transfusion loop can come from the donor's blood or skin or from a contaminated environment. (medscape.com)
  • Sepsis is a blood stream infection usually caused by pathogenic bacteria with the diagnosis often beginning with clinical suspicion [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The coagulase slide test is used to identify the presence of bound coagulase or clumping factor, which is attached to the cell walls of the bacteria. (biocheminsider.com)
  • To aid in reducing the time to identification of key pathogens, resistances and possible contaminants, the ePlex® Blood Culture Identification (BCID) Panels are fully automated sample-to-answer PCR-based assays designed to identify gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, fungi and bacterial resistance genes in approximately 90 minutes from positive blood culture. (xtalks.com)
  • Upon suspicion of sepsis, a whole blood sample was drawn for multiplex PCR to detect the eight most common bacteria causing neonatal sepsis, as well as for blood culture. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
  • Three days later, 3 of 4 blood cultures obtained on admission grow Gram-positive, coagulase-positive bacteria. (osmosis.org)
  • The bacteria elaborate a lipopolysaccharide endotoxin, coagulase, and a fibrinolysin, which are the principal factors in the pathogenesis of plague. (medscape.com)
  • After ingestion of infected blood, the bacteria survive in the midgut of the flea owing to a plasmid-encoded phospholipase D that protects them from digestive juices. (medscape.com)
Enzyme coagulase2
Free coagulase10
Bound coagulase5
Slide coagulase test2
Sepsis6
  • This is a hospital based retrospective analysis of blood cultures from infants to children up to 14 years of age with preliminary diagnosis of sepsis and admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and Paediatric Wards of the Teaching Hospital Tamale from July 2011 to January 2012. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Out of 331 blood specimens cultured, the prevalence of confirmed bacterial sepsis was 25.9% (86/331). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The principal method of diagnosing sepsis is the isolation of causative organisms from blood cultures [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Results: In total, 91 episodes of suspected sepsis were investigated, and PCR was positive in 53 (58%) and blood culture in 60 (66%) episodes, yielding no significant difference in detection rate (p = 0.17). (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
  • We selected 30 patients who had staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative sepsis and used vancomycin as a treatment. (bvsalud.org)
  • En casos severos, puede culminar en sepsis, con un aumento constante de casos en Brasil. (bvsalud.org)
Clots1
  • Damage exposes the underlying collagen and tissue factor, which causes platelets and fibrin to adhere, which forms tiny blood clots. (osmosis.org)
Epidermidis5
Produce coagulase2
  • All strains of S. aureus produce coagulase enzyme, and its production can identify S. aureus infections [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Staphylococcus aureus is known to produce coagulase, which can clot plama into gel in tube or agglutinate cocci in slide. (biocheminsider.com)
Strains2
  • The current study aimed to use Coagulase gene polymorphism to identify methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) subtypes isolated from nasal carriers in Minia governorate, Egypt, evaluate the efficiency of these methods in discriminating variable strains, and compare these subtypes with antibiotypes. (hindawi.com)
  • A total of 61 strains of Staphylococcus aureus and 177 coagulase-negative staphylococcal strains were isolated from the blood of patients with bloodstream infections and from the skin of both children under cancer treatment and human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients. (nofima.no)
Staphylococcal species3
  • Below is a list of common coagulase-negative staphylococcal species and their preferred sites of colonisation. (dermnetnz.org)
  • The ability to clot blood by producing coagulase distinguishes the virulent pathogen, Staphylococcus aureus , from the less virulent coagulase-negative staphylococcal species. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Unlike most coagulase-negative staphylococcal species, S. lugdunensis often remains sensitive to penicillinase-resistant beta-lactam antibiotics (ie, methicillin-sensitive). (merckmanuals.com)
Antimicrobial6
  • The AHA (endorsed by IDSA) guideline update on CIED infections and their management recommends drawing at least 2 sets of blood cultures at evaluation before starting antimicrobial therapy. (medscape.com)
  • Un 40% de esos trabajos han sido publicados en revistas del primer cuartil entre las que destacan New England Journal of Medicine, Lancet, Lancet Infectious Diseases, Clinical Infectious Diseases, Clinical Microbiology Reviews, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Journal Clinical Microbiology, Journal Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Mayo Clinic Proceedings y Malaria Journal. (unav.edu)
  • Blood culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing results are usually available between 48-72 hours after the specimen is obtained and therefore initial antimicrobial treatment has been usually empirical with the aim that the most likely pathogens would be susceptible to the chosen drugs [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although automated blood systems can save time, subcultures are required for growth of the organism, specific biochemical testing, assays for the identification of potential pathogens and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. (xtalks.com)
  • Pediatric blood cultures present unique problems such as fastidious organisms, antimicrobial treatment and small specimen volumes. (xtalks.com)
  • The use of the blood culture identification system achieves its maximum laboratory and clinical value when fully integrated into the laboratory information system, the hospital clinical care systems and Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs. (xtalks.com)
Virulence2
  • Coagulase-positive S. aureus is among the most ubiquitous and dangerous human pathogens, for both its virulence and its ability to develop antibiotic resistance. (merckmanuals.com)
  • S. lugdunensis , a coagulase-negative species, can cause invasive disease with virulence similar to that of S. aureus . (merckmanuals.com)
Plasma to clot2
Antibiotic resistance1
  • Gram stain), biochemical traits (i.e., coagulase check), motility exams, antibiotic resistance profiles, and other traits guided bacterial and/or fungal identification and taxonomy. (reventlov.com)
Fibrin2
  • Coagulase is a protein enzyme produced by several microorganisms that enables the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin. (wikipedia.org)
  • Coagulase is tightly bound to the surface of the bacterium S. aureus and can coat its surface with fibrin upon contact with blood. (wikipedia.org)
Infections3
  • Other studies performed with various infections in animals and humans have found that infecton is a promising agent with better specificity for bacterial infections than white blood cell (WBC) scans. (snmjournals.org)
  • Automated identification platforms for the identification of bacterial and fungal pathogens from positive blood cultures have revolutionized the process for treating these important infections. (xtalks.com)
  • It is recognized as one of the most important causes of both acute and chronic cases of community-acquired and hospital-associated infections including urinary tract infections, blood stream infections, soft tissue infections and 2 pneumonia. (who.int)
Streptococcus1
  • Les cocci à Gram positif, y compris les staphylocoques à coagulase négative, Staphylo- coccus aureus , Streptococcus pneumoniae et autres cocci à Gram positif représentaient 42,3 % des isolats. (who.int)
Bacterial5
  • The incidence of bacterial transmission depends on the blood product and also on the definition of the cases. (medscape.com)
  • The estimated residual risk of contamination of blood products with bacterial agents is 1 in 5,000 for platelets and 1 in 30,000 for red blood cells. (medscape.com)
  • Probable contamination - The blood culture from the recipient is negative or could not be done, but there is definite bacterial growth in the donor blood product. (medscape.com)
  • Radiolabeled white blood cell (WBC) scintigraphy, which has an established role in detecting infectious processes, including osteomyelitis, enables detection of areas of general inflammation but cannot be used to distinguish between bacterial and nonbacterial inflammatory processes ( 1 , 2 ). (snmjournals.org)
  • Subject has a positive blood culture of bacterial pathogen and counts of white blood cells in cerebrospinal fluid =20 /mm3. (who.int)
Organisms2
  • With modern automated blood culture systems, fastidious organisms such as nutritionally variant streptococci and members of the HACEK group rarely cause culture-negative IE. (medscape.com)
  • In addition to daily visual examination, and other organisms likely to inhabit the blood subcultures are performed 6 to 12 hospital environment and the gastrointesti- hours after the first incubation on well- nal tracts of hospitalized patients [ 4,5 ]. (who.int)
Cocci2
  • The or- ferred to blood culture media and immedi- ganisms most commonly isolated from ately transported to the hospital's blood cultures are Gram-positive cocci in- microbiology laboratory. (who.int)
  • Streptococci are gram-positive, catalase-negative, coagulase-negative cocci that occur in pairs or chains. (nih.gov)
Reacts1
Neonatal1
  • This study suggests that a simple case definition for national and international neonatal BSI surveillance is provided by a blood culture yielding a recognised pathogen in pure culture, or a mixed growth or skin commensal plus ⩾3 predefined clinical signs. (bmj.com)
Sensitivity4
  • Two sets of blood cultures have greater than 90% sensitivity when bacteremia is present. (medscape.com)
  • The sensitivity, specificity, odds ratio and positive predictive value of each sign and sequential numbers of grouped signs were determined to develop a predictive model for a positive blood culture. (bmj.com)
  • Multiplex PCR showed a sensitivity of 77%, specificity of 81%, positive predictive value of 87%, and negative predictive value of 68% compared with blood culture. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
  • Methods: an epidemiological, descriptive, retrospective study was carried out, with a quantitative approach of positive blood cultures, seeking to assess the main isolated microorganisms and their sensitivity profiles. (bvsalud.org)
Infection3
  • A giant quantity of iron is doubtlessly available to microbes upon an infection of vertebrate hosts, although pathogens must extract this iron from a wide range of proteins in blood, totally different cell varieties, and tissue areas. (reventlov.com)
  • Beginning in early February 2020, doctors in China have increasingly been using ECMO as an adjunct support for patients presenting with acute viral pneumonia associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection ( COVID-19 ) when, with ventilation alone, the blood oxygenation levels still remain too low to sustain the patient. (wikipedia.org)
  • To analyse the concentration of serum level in the voucher (one hour before the next administration of the drug dose) of vancomycin in newborns with Staphylococcus aureus infection or oxacillin-resistant coagulase-negative. (bvsalud.org)
Mannitol1
Specimens3
  • 11 blood specimens and two lymph node aspirates tested for Y. pestis by culture were negative. (cdc.gov)
  • Blood specimens or lymph node aspirates from six (29%) patients tested positive for Yersinia pestis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). (cdc.gov)
  • In addition, she is given a 20 ml/kg normal saline bolus and is empirically started on ampicillin and gentamicin after blood and urine specimens are drawn for culture. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
Cultures positive1
Culture7
  • Five percent to 10% of patients have false-negative blood culture due to recent antibiotic use. (medscape.com)
  • As many as 50% of positive blood culture results have been estimated to be falsely positive. (medscape.com)
  • This rate probably has decreased, but false-positive blood culture results remain a major diagnostic challenge. (medscape.com)
  • Results: In 2009, there were 1514 and 109 positive blood culture sets for the hospital and ICU patients, respectively. (edu.au)
  • Join the featured speaker to explore how a rapid blood culture identification system can be utilized in a pediatric population while navigating best practices for integration of the system into a hospital, laboratory and stewardship network. (xtalks.com)
  • Blood is drawn and sent for culture, and the patient is started on empiric antibiotics. (osmosis.org)
  • Materials and methods: This were a descriptive longitudinal study that took place from june 27 to september 3, 2016 involving newborns aged ≤ 72 hours hospitalized for ENBI confirmed by blood culture in the neonatology service of the pediatrics department of the Center Hospitalier et Universitaire (CHU) Gabriel Toure in Bamako. (bvsalud.org)
Selective1
  • Interestingly, the SCFAs butyrate and caproate were enriched 100-fold in mother's breast milk compared to her blood plasma, suggesting selective transport into the milk to serve the demands of the infant. (gu.se)
Test3
  • Tube test is not performed each institutions but most of the result depends on blood cultures from lab. (wikipedia.org)
  • This causes the cells to agglutinate, or clump together, which creates the "lumpy" look of a positive coagulase slide test. (biocheminsider.com)
  • The coagulase tube test has been set up as a demo for you to observe in class. (biocheminsider.com)