Biosynthesis plant proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

Here, we characterize two genes encoding novel plant-specific plasma membrane proteins (SHOU4 and SHOU4L) that were identified in a suppressor screen of the cellulose-deficient fei1 fei2 mutant. (nih.gov)
Previous studies have identified four putative DGAT2-encoding genes in H. lacustris , and only HpDGAT2D allowed the recovery of TAG biosynthesis, but the engineering potential of HpDGAT2s in TAG biosynthesis remains ambiguous. (researchsquare.com)
These results (1) update the gene models of HpDGAT2s , (2) prove the TAG biosynthesis capacity of HpDGAT2s, (3) show the strong preference for MUFAs and PUFAs, and (4) offer target genes to modulate TAG biosynthesis by using genetic engineering methods. (researchsquare.com)
In this study, we combined transcript profiling and proteomic analysis to better understand which genes and proteins are altered by opaque2 in the W64A inbred line. (biomedcentral.com)
The mutant also had altered expression of a number of starch biosynthesis genes and this was associated with a more highly crystalline starch. (biomedcentral.com)
Bergey DR, Howe G, Ryan CA (1996) Polypeptide signaling for plant defensive genes exhibits analogies to defense signaling in animals. (springer.com)
Disrupting two Arabidopsis thaliana xylosyltransferase genes results in plants deficient in xyloglucan, a major primary cell wall component. (mpg.de)
The gene had a structure consisting of 8 introns and 9 exons, similar to other plant AGPGp genes. (usda.gov)
In our search for potentially tumour-suppressive M6P/IGF2R interaction partners, we identified an essentially uncharacterized M6P-modified protein previously named Cellular Repressor of E1A-stimulated Genes (CREG). (boku.ac.at)
We have applied multiple approaches to identify key genes that determine protein secretion rates in P. pastoris. (tugraz.at)
Upregulation of several target genes has improved recombinant protein titers and yields. (tugraz.at)
Owing to its small genome (about 800 protein-coding genes), it relies on the host for many basic biosynthetic processes, hindering the identification of potential antipathogenic drug targets. (rcsb.org)
Phenylpropionic acids, such as 4-coumaric acid and caffeic acid, can be efficiently converted to stilbene compounds by recombinant E. coli cells expressing plant biosynthetic genes. (biomedcentral.com)
On the other hand, mRNA transcript levels of some hormone genes (ABA 8'-hydroxylase, adenylate isopentenyltransferase (AIPT3), auxin-related protein (AUX/ IAA), MeJA biosynthesis and gibberellin 20-oxidase and NRAMP2 gene known to be involved in Cd transport, were detected. (tubitak.gov.tr)
According to the results, while ABA 8'-hydroxylase, gibberellin 20-oxidase, and NRAMP2 genes were overexpressed in all stress treatments, AIPT3 and AUX/IAA genes were down-regulated and also, MeJA biosynthesis gene varied depending on dose and stress. (tubitak.gov.tr)
Notably, HZ88 responds to low-temperature stress via genes primarily enriched in plant hormone signal transduction, cutin, suberine, and wax biosynthesis, and photosynthesis-antenna proteins. (eapr.net)
By comparison, the most significant low-temperature responsive genes of LS6 were determined to be enriched in plant-pathogen interactions, zeatin biosynthesis, and plant hormone signal transduction. (eapr.net)
Sitosterolemia has been shown to result from mutations in either of the genes for 2 proteins ( ABCG5 or ABCG8 ). (medscape.com)
Molecular neuroscience has largely focused on the functions of protein-coding genes, which account for less than 2% of our DNA. (lu.se)

TRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE and Its Homolog AT5G01360 Encode Plant-Specific DUF231 Proteins Required for Cellulose Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. (mpg.de)
Interactions between MUR10/CesA7-dependent secondary cellulose biosynthesis and primary cell wall structure. (mpg.de)

The effects of different fluorescent pseudomonads, including some known biocontrol agents of other plant pathogens, on fungal growth of the haploid Verticillium dahliae and/or the amphidiploid Verticillium longisporum were compared on pectin-rich medium, in microfluidic interaction channels, allowing visualization of single hyphae, or on Arabidopsis thaliana roots. (frontiersin.org)
Identification of Arabidopsis Mutants Impaired in the Systemic Regulation of Root Nitrate Uptake by the Nitrogen Status of the Plant. (mpg.de)
We characterize early patterning during de novo development of the Arabidopsis shoot meristem using fluorescent reporters of known gene and protein activities required for shoot meristem development and maintenance. (biologists.com)
A pathway for stilbene biosynthesis was constructed in Escherichia coli with 4-coumaroyl CoA ligase 1 4CL1) from Arabidopsis thaliana and stilbene synthase (STS) cloned from Arachis hypogaea . (biomedcentral.com)
The majority of information related to plant-pathogen interactions originate from studies on model plant species such as Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana spp. (biomedcentral.com)

Microalgae can efficiently absorb CO 2 in the atmosphere and turn it into abundant high-value products, including polysaccharides, lipids, proteins, pigments, and biofuels [2-5]. (researchsquare.com)
This technique has frequently been applied to animal tissue slices for the purpose to map proteins, peptides , lipids, sugars or small metabolites to find disease specific bio-markers or to study drag metabolism. (go.jp)
Lipids and proteins are attacked and oxidized, resulting in loss of chlorophyll and carotenoids and in leaky membranes which allow cells and cell organelles to dry and disintegrate rapidly. (weedscience.org)
Benzofuranes (WSSA Group 16), chlorocarbonic acids (Group 26), phosphorodithioates (Group 8), and thiocarbamates (Group 8) are examples of herbicides that are known inhibitors of several plant processes including: 1) biosynthesis of fatty acids and lipids which may account for reported reductions in cuticular wax deposition, 2) biosynthesis of proteins, isoprenoids (including gibberellins), and flavonoids (including anthocyanins), and 3) gibberellin synthesis inhibition which may result from the inhibition of kaurene synthesis. (weedscience.org)

Annual Review of Plant Physiology. (wikipedia.org)
Key modules are plant physiology & anatomy, and plant biotechnology, which are core for the BSc Biology course and MSc Biotechnology. (shu.ac.uk)

She describes her expertise as: The molecular basis of self-incompatibility The chemistry and biology of a class of proteoglycans, the arabinogalactan-proteins Proteinase Inhibitors and their use in control of insect development She is co-editor of major scientific books dealing with chemistry, cell biology and genetics. (wikipedia.org)
2000). Cell and Developmental Biology of Arabinogalactan-Proteins. (wikipedia.org)

This study is measuring plant available nitrogen and soil microbial structure along with concentrations of protein, amino acids, B vitamins, and the nutraceutical amino acid ergothioneine in grain crops produced in long-term systems trials, on working farms, and in controlled field and laboratory studies. (rodaleinstitute.org)
The underlying mechanism for rebalancing amino acid content for both o2 and RNAi is unclear, although it depends on reduced synthesis of the zein storage proteins and a compensatory increase in non-zein protein content [ 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Fatty acid-amino acid conjugates (FACs) are HAMPs present in oral secretions (OS) of lepidopteran larvae that induce defense responses in many plant species. (springer.com)
The protein that the gene encoded also had many features similar to other plant ADPGp including a variable amino end, conserved catalytic sites and conserved amino acid sequences that control enzyme activity. (usda.gov)
Like all the amino acid building blocks of protein and peptides, serine can become essential under certain conditions, and is thus important in maintaining health and preventing disease. (hmdb.ca)
control of protein turnover, nitrogen handling, links to nucleic acid metabolism, amino acid oxidation, integration with citric acid cycle. (manchester.ac.uk)
Increasing amino acid supply in pea embryos reveals specific interactions of N and C metabolism, and highlights the importance of mitochondrial metabolism", PLANT JOURNAL , vol. 55, 2008, pp. 909-926. (uni-bielefeld.de)
Update on amino acid transporter functions and on possible amino acid sensing mechanisms in plants. (uni-bielefeld.de)
Leaf Amino Acid Supply Affects Photosynthetic and Plant Nitrogen Use Efficiency under Nitrogen Stress. (uni-bielefeld.de)
The betA gene sequence reported in this study contains several base substitutions with that of reported sequences in GenBank, resulting in the altered amino acid sequences of the translated proteins. (scialert.net)
Moreover, the sequence analysis of choline dehydrogenase from our isolate shows several base substitutions with that of reported sequences in GenBank, resulting in the altered amino acid sequences of the translated proteins. (scialert.net)

We invite submissions on all aspects of plant-pathogen interactions with studies that focus on either the individual host or the pathogen as well as those that map their interactions. (biomedcentral.com)
We engineer the membranes of microbes, i.e. bacteria and yeasts, regarding lipid and membrane protein composition, either to understand the complex interactions of these hydrophobic compounds or to apply the modified microorganisms for interesting goals of industrial biotechnology. (tugraz.at)
Our particular focus in the yeast lipid field are sterols, their biosynthesis and homeostasis, and their interactions with membrane proteins. (tugraz.at)
I am committed to interdisciplinary research, and an example of the successes gained from this approach is the project with Prof A Nabok (Engineering Sheffield Hallam University) using total internal reflection ellipsometry to quantify protein-membrane interactions on native plant membranes and human cell lines. (brookes.ac.uk)
Program access grant to the STFC Harwell Laser Facility 'The Plant Cell Initiative: Protein interactions in the higher plant secretory pathway' 2017-2021 (approximate value of £200K). (brookes.ac.uk)
plant-microbe beneficial interactions. (successcds.net)
Although this method shows promise, a recent paper by Gill and Abedon has shown that the complex bacteriophage-host interactions in the plant environment must be investigated further. (cdc.gov)

Our results suggest that the SHOU4 proteins regulate cellulose synthesis in plants by influencing the trafficking of CESA complexes to the cell surface. (nih.gov)
Guojun Wang*, Jing Chen, Haining Zhu, and Jürgen Rohr* (2017) One-pot total synthesis of presteffimyinone, an early intermediate of the anthracyline antibioitc steffimycin biosynthesis. (fau.edu)
General Regulatory Patterns of Plant Mineral Nutrient Depletion as Revealed by serat Quadruple Mutants Disturbed in Cysteine Synthesis. (mpg.de)
The substantial reduction in synthesis of α-zeins results in smaller, less numerous protein bodies and a concomitant increase in non-zein endosperm proteins [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Reduced synthesis of the lysine-poor zein proteins and compensatory increases in other proteins dramatically improves the nutritional quality of the grain. (biomedcentral.com)
However, like many bacteria and plants, its metabolism does depend upon the type II fatty-acid synthesis (FAS) pathway for lipogenesis, whereas the predominant form of fatty-acid biosynthesis in humans is via the type I pathway. (rcsb.org)
Membrane proteins in translational control: characterisation of membrane-bound protein complexes associated with eIF2B, which regulates protein synthesis, and is important in neurological disease. (shu.ac.uk)
Optimization of precursor conversion and cyclization of the bulky ferulic acid precursor by host metabolic engineering and protein engineering may afford the synthesis of even more structurally diverse stilbene compounds. (biomedcentral.com)
some compounds in this group may also inhibit carotenoid biosynthesis (fluometuron) or synthesis of anthocyanin, RNA, and proteins (propanil), as well as effects on the plasmalemma (propanil) (Devine et al. (weedscience.org)

Our study represents systematic work on the characterization of HpDGAT2s by integrating expression patterns, AST/TAG accumulation, functional complementation, and heterologous expression in yeast, plants, and algae. (researchsquare.com)
Pichia pastoris , a methylotrophic yeast, is our favourite host, which we employ for expression and secretion of recombinant soluble proteins as well as for the biosynthesis of valuable metabolites, e.g. plant terpenoids, through heterologous expression of membrane proteins. (tugraz.at)

Genetic and Molecular Regulation of Seed Storage Proteins (SSPs) to Improve Protein Nutritional Value of Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.) Seeds. (uni-bielefeld.de)

Recently chemical biology findings have highlighted the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) biosynthesis pathway as a promising novel target pathway to treat life-threatening fungal infections. (nature.com)
Plant cysteine oxidases control the oxygen-dependent branch of the N-end-rule pathway. (mpg.de)
In mammals, transport of CREG to these compartments was shown to rely on the M6P receptor pathway as typical for soluble lysosomal proteins. (boku.ac.at)
Over the last 15 years I have developed a research pathway in auxin biosynthesis going back to my degree and PhD work at the Technical University of Munich where I studied the nitrilase pathway in maize auxin biosynthesis and maize tryptophan synthase complex. (brookes.ac.uk)
Based on this work I won a fellowship from the Korean Federation of Science and Technology Societies to investigate the subcellular localisation of maize auxin biosynthesis at Dankook University in Seoul which lead to a publication that showed for the first time that both steps of the TAA/YUC pathway of auxin biosynthesis can be ER-localised. (brookes.ac.uk)
Here, the structure of the third enzyme in the FAS pathway, 3-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) reductase, is reported at a resolution of 2.25 Å. (rcsb.org)

Generally, TAG biosynthesis takes place in the endoplasmic reticulum, and TAG assembly can be divided into acyl-CoA-dependent and acyl-CoA independent pathways [10]. (researchsquare.com)
I am a plant cell biologist and protein biochemist at Oxford Brookes University with expertise in the structure and function of the plant endoplasmic reticulum (ER), membrane proteins and auxin biosynthesis using biochemical techniques as well as high-resolution live cell imaging. (brookes.ac.uk)

Phenylpropanoids are the precursors to a range of important plant metabolites such as the cell wall constituent lignin and the secondary metabolites belonging to the flavonoid/stilbene class of compounds. (biomedcentral.com)
Biosynthesis of many medicinally important plant secondary metabolites, including stilbenes, is frequently not very well understood and under tight spatial and temporal control, limiting their availability from plant sources. (biomedcentral.com)

The enzyme participates in biosynthesis of the aromatic amino acids phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan. (cbd.int)
The enzyme is a target for herbicides as these amino acids are only synthesized in plants and microorganisms. (cbd.int)
ADPGp is an important enzyme controlling starch biosynthesis. (usda.gov)
The open reading frame (ORF) was very similar to other plant ADPGp small subunits including conserved sites associated enzyme activity, with allosteric regulation by phosphoglyceraldehyde and phosphate and with redox regulation and substrate binding. (usda.gov)
Therefore, we study enzyme characteristics by classical protein analytics and devise novel enzyme assays. (tugraz.at)

2023) Plants People Planet. (weizmann.ac.il)
Annual Review of Plant Biology (2023) 74 (1): 87. (biologists.com)
Plant Molecular Biology (2023) 112 (1-2): 61. (biologists.com)
The Plant Cell (2023) 35 (7): 2484. (biologists.com)

ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (ADPGp) plays a rate limiting role in the biosynthesis of starch and has been shown to be involved in cell expansion of tobacco sepals. (usda.gov)
starch/sugar metabolism and fermentation for biofuels, storage lipid biosynthesis: regulation and applications. (manchester.ac.uk)

Here, we use a reporter gene-based screen in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the discovery of antifungal inhibitors of GPI-anchoring of proteins, and identify the oligocyclopropyl-containing natural product jawsamycin (FR-900848) as a potent hit. (nature.com)
Her team was the first to clone the gene which regulates self-compatibility in plants and the first to clone the "c" DNA of an Arabinogalactan Protein. (wikipedia.org)
In this study, choline dehydrogenase ( betA ) gene encoding for glycine betaine biosynthesis in Escherichia coli isolated from salted shark ( Scoliodon sp. (scialert.net)
Predicted protein sequences encoded by the assembled transcriptomes were clustered with reference proteomes from 92 other species to identify pathogenesis related gene families in P. patula, P. tecunumanii and other pine species. (biomedcentral.com)
Clear and concise, this easy-to-use book offers an introductory course on the language of gene cloning, covering microbial, plant, and mammalian systems. (lu.se)

Biosynthesis of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) is required for anchoring proteins to the plasma membrane, and is essential for the integrity of the fungal cell wall. (nature.com)
GPI biosynthesis is a conserved process, required for anchoring proteins to the plasma membrane of fungi and thus essential for the integrity of the fungal cell wall in yeasts and molds 4 . (nature.com)
Cellulose microfibrils, which are synthesized by plasma membrane-localized cellulose synthase (CESA) complexes, are the primary load-bearing elements of plant cell walls [2]. (nih.gov)
Disruption of SHOU4 and SHOU4L increases the abundance of CESA proteins at the plasma membrane as a result of enhanced exocytosis. (nih.gov)
In: The Plant Plasma Membrane, S. 57 - 85 (Hg. (mpg.de)

Most recombinant proteins are currently produced in prokaryotic cells (mainly the bacterium Escherichia coli ) and a small number of well-characterized mammalian cell lines, such as Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. (frontiersin.org)

To upgrade the protein content in manioc, yeast cells or fungi can be inoculated in a manioc-containing medium along with nutrients containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. (nzdl.org)
We have uncovered several endogenous yeast proteins and mechanisms that render protein secretion or membrane protein expression more efficient and sustainable. (tugraz.at)
Here we probe these fundamental questions using peroxisomal compartmentalization of the last steps of lysine and histidine biosynthesis in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces japonicus . (biorxiv.org)

In: Sulfur Metabolism in Plants, Proceedings of the International Sulfur Workshop 1, S. 123 - 134 (Hg. (mpg.de)
In: Sulfur Metabolism in Higher Plants (Regulatory Aspects Significance of Sulfur in the Food Chain, Agriculture and the Environment), S. 105 - 108 (Hg. (mpg.de)
organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis, artificial seed, somaclonal variation, secondary metabolism in plant cell culture, embryo culture, in vitro fertilization. (successcds.net)

More than 300 protein-based medicines have been approved in the USA and Europe, and proteins account for almost a third of all pharmaceuticals in development ( Walsh, 2018 ). (frontiersin.org)

Market growth has been supported by advances in recombinant protein production technologies, including the engineering of expression hosts, the optimization of upstream cultivation (e.g., bioreactor design, nutritional, and physical parameters), and the development of more efficient protein extraction and purification methods. (frontiersin.org)

Biosynthesis and intracellular trafficking of secretory and lysosomal/vacuolar proteins, glycosylation and other post-translational protein modifications as determinants of protein structure and function, catalytic properties and physiological functions of proteases and glycosylation enzymes, proteolysis and its pathological and biotechnological relevance, recombinant expression of biotherapeutics in plants, plant membrane protein biochemistry. (boku.ac.at)
TtuB possesses ubiquitin-like structure and also function as post-translational modifier of many proteins [Fig. 2]. (go.jp)

Couto D, Zipfel C (2016) Regulation of pattern recognition receptor signalling in plants. (springer.com)
We are studying the biosynthesis mechanism of sulfur-modification and its regulation mechanisms in order to develop new drugs. (go.jp)

Clarke's scientific work provided critical insight to the biochemistry and genetics of flowering plants, their reproduction, and their growth. (wikipedia.org)
Sam's research interest is centered on molecular genetics and plant pathology, focusing on understanding the interaction between cereal crops and its pathogens. (biomedcentral.com)
In their review "Recent advances in the genetics underlying wheat grain protein content (GPC) and grain protein deviation (GPD) in hexaploid wheat", the authors Paina and Gregersen summarize the scientific findings about the genetics underlying wheat GPC and GPD, representing the relationship between grain protein content and yield), together with the performance of genomic prediction models characterizing these traits. (deutsche-botanische-gesellschaft.de)

The method thereby opens up the possibility of observing structural changes of proteins associated with specific diseases. (mpg.de)
proteins that break down the major structural component of fungal cell walls. (biomedcentral.com)

The maize ZmMIEL1 E3-Ligase and ZmMYB83 transcription factor proteins interact and regulate the hypersensitive defense response. (usda.gov)
Maize protein is deficient in the essential amino acids lysine and tryptophan, which limits its value for monogastric animals. (biomedcentral.com)
These changes in protein accumulation result in an endosperm that has nearly twice the lysine and tryptophan content of wild-type maize [ 3 ], which substantially improves its value for monogastric animals [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

My additional independent research on ER localisation and splicing in auxin biosynthesis showed for the first time ER-localisation for an auxin biosynthetic protein. (brookes.ac.uk)

However, the exact mechanisms by which it improves protein quality and creates a soft endosperm texture are unclear. (biomedcentral.com)
The compounds that are found in some spices and produced by herbs act as self-defense mechanisms to protect the plant against infectious organisms [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Viroid trafficking in plant cells: determining the mechanisms of RNA import into the chloroplast, which is a crucial step in the lifecycle of viroids. (shu.ac.uk)
Tail-anchored membrane proteins: investigating the targeting and membrane insertion mechanisms, which is important due to the wide range of core cellular functions performed by these proteins. (shu.ac.uk)
The paper summarizes allelopathy and allelobiosis in inter-specific, intra-specific, plant-microorganism, and plant-insect context, and discusses the involved substances, their mechanisms, as well as environmental factors influencing allelopathic/signal molecule production and spread. (deutsche-botanische-gesellschaft.de)

Abstract Field‐based, rapid, and nondestructive techniques for assessing plant productivity are needed to accelerate the discovery of genotype‐to‐phenotype relationships in next‐generation biomass grass crops. (osti.gov)

born 6 January 1938) is Professor Emeritus of Botany at the University of Melbourne, where she ran the Plant Cell Biology Research Centre from 1982-1999. (wikipedia.org)
BMC Biology together with BMC Plant Biology and BMC Microbiology announce the launch of the collection 'Plants and their Pathogens', for which we invite submissions of manuscripts relevant to the research topic. (biomedcentral.com)
3 Institute of Plant Cell Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany. (nih.gov)
I teach and research in plant molecular biology. (shu.ac.uk)
My research experience is applied to teaching to deliver plant biology modules that promote active learning and develop research skills. (shu.ac.uk)
My fascination with plant biology started during my undergraduate studies at the University of Cambridge, and continued to develop via PhD research at the University of Calgary (Canada). (shu.ac.uk)
I teach in the general areas of molecular and cellular biology, with a particular interest in plant biology. (shu.ac.uk)
DBG's members are able to access all Plant Biology papers via our intranet ). (deutsche-botanische-gesellschaft.de)
Journal of Integrative Plant Biology (2022) 64 (6): 1168. (biologists.com)

Sulfur deficiency-induced repressor proteins optimize glucosinolate biosynthesis in plants. (mpg.de)

These analyses showed that the accumulation of some lysine-rich proteins, such as sorbitol dehydrogenase and glyceraldehyde3-phosphate dehydrogenase, was increased in mature kernels and may contribute substantially to the lysine content of opaque2 endosperm. (biomedcentral.com)

The genus Verticillium comprises soil-borne plant pathogens causing vascular wilt disease in numerous crops. (frontiersin.org)
This review paper will focus on the plant-derived products as antimicrobial agents for use in food preservation and to control foodborne pathogens in foods. (hindawi.com)
Bacteriophage biocontrol of plant pathogens: fact or fiction? (cdc.gov)
Bacteriophage therapy represents a novel way to control the growth of plant-based bacterial pathogens. (cdc.gov)

Choline dehydrogenase catalyzes the oxidation of choline to glycine betaine via betaine aldehyde in glycine betaine biosynthesis. (scialert.net)
Recently, bacterial glycine betaine synthesizing enzymes have become a major target in developing stress tolerant crop plants of economic interest. (scialert.net)
Choline dehydrogenase ( betA ) of E . coli catalyses the first step in glycine betaine biosynthesis, the oxidation of choline. (scialert.net)

It is only biosynthesized by fungi and fungi-like bacteria, is present in many foods, and plants obtain it through an unknown mechanism where it is transferred up the food chain to animals and humans. (rodaleinstitute.org)

Cell walls play critical roles in plants, regulating tissue mechanics, defining the extent and orientation of cell expansion, and providing a physical barrier against pathogen attack [1]. (nih.gov)
Dynamic cellular events beyond genetic encodings, such as epigenetics, and intermolecular protein interaction, play critical roles in dictating cellular functions. (go.jp)
Unlocking the Mysteries of the Immune System: new Roles of complement proteins in Diabetes and Cancer. (lu.se)

5-HTP is a chemical byproduct of the protein building block L-tryptophan. (medlineplus.gov)

Phenylcarbamates, pyridazinones, triazines, triazinones, and uracils are herbicides that inhibit photosynthesis by binding to the Q B -binding niche on the D1 protein of the photosystem II complex in chloroplast thylakoid membranes. (weedscience.org)

In higher plants and microalgae, there are four major groups of DGATs: (1) the membrane bound form of DGAT1, (2) the membrane bound form of DGAT2 sharing low sequence similarity with DGAT1, (3) the soluble type of DGAT3, which is localized in the cytosol, and (4) the dual function of WS/DGAT, which possesses both wax ester and TAG biosynthesis activities [12-18]. (researchsquare.com)

pgi1-2 seeds were lighter and accumulated ca. 50% less fatty acids (FAs) and ca. 35% less proteins than WT seeds. (cas.cz)
DGAT1s play a critical role in TAG accumulation in many higher plants and microalgae, whereas DGAT2s appear to have an important role in the formation of TAGs containing unusual fatty acids (FAs) [14]. (researchsquare.com)

Subsequently, they were found to have significantly elevated plasma levels of plant sterols in the form of beta-sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol. (medscape.com)
Significant increases of plant sterols (ie, phytosterols) are found in blood and various tissues. (medscape.com)
Plant sterols are not synthesized endogenously in humans, including patients with sitosterolemia, but are derived entirely from the diet. (medscape.com)
Plant sterols are structurally similar to cholesterol except for substitutions at the C24 position on the sterol side-chain. (medscape.com)
Mammalian cells cannot use plant sterols. (medscape.com)
Plant sterols may normally be excluded because they are toxic in high doses. (medscape.com)
fewer than 5% of plant sterols are absorbed compared with approximately 40% of cholesterol absorbed. (medscape.com)
The liver preferentially excretes plant sterols over cholesterol. (medscape.com)
Dietary sterols have recently been shown to passively enter intestinal cells, and, subsequently, the vast majority are pumped back into the gut lumen by ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins. (medscape.com)
These ABC transporters preferentially pump plant sterols out of intestinal cells into the gut lumen and out of liver cells into the bile ducts, thereby decreasing sterol absorption. (medscape.com)
Consequently, the body absorbs only a small percentage of the plant sterols that reach the intestine. (medscape.com)
In the liver, cholesterol and plant sterols may be transported to peripheral tissues by very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), converted to bile acids, or transported out of the liver into the bile for excretion. (medscape.com)

Proteins are therefore molecules of great complexity and near infinite diversity, making them suitable for many different applications. (frontiersin.org)
View of a protein: Max Planck researchers have used the COLD method to visualize the four binding sites of biotin (labelled by red dye molecules) in the protein streptavidin, whose structure is already known. (mpg.de)
We are therefore able to look into protein molecules. (mpg.de)

Molecular Plant. (usda.gov)
Plants perceive insect herbivores via a sophisticated surveillance system that detects a range of alarm signals, including herbivore-associated molecular patterns (HAMPs). (springer.com)
Major systems of classification, plant groups, phylogenetic relationships and molecular systematics. (successcds.net)

These enzymes represent a bottleneck in TAG biosynthesis in some oilseed crops and algae, and thus have been regarded as key targets for manipulating TAG production [11]. (researchsquare.com)
One understudied opportunity is using feral crops-plants that have escaped and persisted without cultivation-as a source of genetic diversity, which could build resilience in domesticated conspecifics. (weizmann.ac.il)
In some cases, however, feral plants vigorously compete with crops as weeds, challenging food security. (weizmann.ac.il)

2016) Plant expression of cocaine hydrolase-Fc fusion protein for treatment of cocaine abuse. (fau.edu)

The compound targets the catalytic subunit Spt14 (also referred to as Gpi3) of the fungal UDP-glycosyltransferase, the first step in GPI biosynthesis, with good selectivity over the human functional homolog PIG-A. Jawsamycin displays antifungal activity in vitro against several pathogenic fungi including Mucorales, and in vivo in a mouse model of invasive pulmonary mucormycosis due to Rhyzopus delemar infection. (nature.com)
In addition, temperature increase caused by global warming might exacerbate the effects of fungal plant disease ( Siebold and von Tiedemann, 2013 ). (frontiersin.org)
Fungal protein can be substituted completely for animal protein. (nzdl.org)

However, there are some indications that Sphagnum moss may have some inhibitory effects on vascular plant seed germination and seedling development. (helsinki.fi)

The function of a protein is determined by the number and sequence of amino acids, which controls the three-dimensional structure of the resulting folded polypeptide. (frontiersin.org)
Structure, modes of action, stability, and resistance to these plant compounds will be discussed as well as their application in food industries and possible technologies by which they can be delivered. (hindawi.com)
Numerous in vitro experiments have indicated that betaine acts as an osmoprotectant by stabilizing both the quaternary structure of proteins and cellular membrane against the adverse effects of high salinity and extreme temperatures ( Gorham, 1995 ). (scialert.net)

We investigate immunity priming, development-defense trade-offs, and chemical and organismal biocontrol of plant disease. (biomedcentral.com)
Main concepts in the lab include manipulation of immunity priming to generate plants with constitutively "ON" immune responses, resulting in broad-spectrum resistance, and research into development-defense tradeoffs with the hope of "hacking" these processes to prevent yield loss. (biomedcentral.com)
Some defense proteins such as beta-glucosidase aggregating factor were strongly down regulated and may be regulated directly by opaque2 . (biomedcentral.com)

To analyse protein locations we use techniques such as protein expression, cellular fractionation, and confocal fluorescence microscopy. (shu.ac.uk)

These results establish that CREG is a lysosomal protein that undergoes proteolytic maturation in the course of its biosynthesis, carries the M6P recognition marker and depends on the interaction with M6P receptors for efficient delivery to lysosomes. (boku.ac.at)

Frontiers in Plant Science. (usda.gov)

Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki Str. (mdpi.com)
Hippocrates wrote about several hundred medicinal plants in the late fifth century B.C. and the Bible mentions healing plants, such as frankincense and myrrh, which have antiseptic properties [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
The majority of western plant pharmaceutical information was destroyed during the fall of ancient civilizations, but the Renaissance saw a revival in the use of medicinal plants in the western world [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
In North America, indigenous cultures have used medicinal plants since prehistory and Americans of European origin began using botanicals in the 19th century to counter the toxic medical practices of that time, such as the use of mercury baths to treat syphilis [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)

Located at the Agricultural Research Organization- Volcani Institute in Israel, the Bar lab is comprised of a diverse group of individuals conducting collaborative basic and applied research of the plant immune system. (biomedcentral.com)

Over the last three decades, the expression of recombinant proteins in plants and plant cells has been promoted as an alternative cost-effective production platform. (frontiersin.org)
There are also several platforms based on plants and plant cells, but these have not been included in the latest market studies, indicating they have not yet commanded a significant share of commercial protein production capacity. (frontiersin.org)
Potential Role for Purple Acid Phosphatase in the Dephosphorylation of Wall Proteins in Tobacco Cells. (mpg.de)
A further six years of postdoctoral research at the University of Manchester allowed me to advance my research skills and to tackle fundamental questions about how proteins are organised within cells. (shu.ac.uk)
Our common theme is investigating how proteins and RNA are delivered to their correct destination within cells, a universal process that can result in disease when it malfunctions. (shu.ac.uk)
You will focus on the metabolic pathways in the cells of mammals, with some reference to microbes and plants. (manchester.ac.uk)
In the article "An overview of oxygen transport in plants: diffusion and convection" author G. G. Striker summarizes how plants under hypoxia/anoxia ensure a steady oxygen supply to their cells and identifies three types of pressurized (convective) flows: humidity-induced pressurization (positive pressure), thermal osmosis (positive pressure with air flow against the heat gradient), and venturi-induced suction (negative pressure) caused by wind passing over broken culms. (deutsche-botanische-gesellschaft.de)
As an alternative, we sought to develop an approach for the biosynthesis of diverse stilbenes by engineered recombinant microbial cells. (biomedcentral.com)

The demand for recombinant proteins is therefore rising steadily, with a market valued at US$1.654 billion in 2017 predicted to reach US$2.850 billion by 2022 ( Markets and Markets, 2017 ). (frontiersin.org)

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