Biological regulation of gene ex proteins genes bacterial. Medical search. Frequent questions

Variations in transcriptional responses of CE15-encoding genes under different growth conditions suggest nonredundant functions for enzymes found in species with multiple CE15 genes and further illuminate the importance of GEs in native lignin-carbohydrate disassembly. (proteopedia.org)
RNAs and proteins can also engage in more transient interactions, for example during co-transcriptional regulation of RNA polymerases or during post-transcriptional regulation of (pre-)mRNA life cycles. (fu-berlin.de)
We also study selected RNP-remodeling enzymes as drivers of molecular RNP machineries and as mediators of co- and post-transcriptional gene regulation. (fu-berlin.de)
The up-regulation of photosynthesis by ethanol was also further confirmed at transcriptional level. (biomedcentral.com)
The expression of RpoS-dependent genes osmY, tnaA and malK was controlled by Crl, a transcriptional regulator that modulates RpoS activity. (mcmaster.ca)
Protein-based thermosensors are a very diverse group including transcriptional regulators, sensor kinases, chaperones or proteases (reviewed in Klinkert and Narberhaus 2009 ). (springer.com)
These thermosensors are part of a regulatory network, such as the production of heat shock proteins mediated by sigma factor 32 (RpoH) in Escherichia coli or the transcriptional repressor of heat-shock genes HrcA in Bacillus subtilis (Hecker et al. (springer.com)
Hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is an oxygen-sensitive transcriptional regulator that regulates more than 70 downstream target genes, including vascular endothelial growth factor, erythropoietin, glucose transporter and so on ( 5 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous RNAs with an approximate length of 18-22 nucleotides and involved in the regulation of gene expression in transcriptional or post-transcriptional levels. (springeropen.com)
These small non-coding RNAs derived from their precursor sequences, bind to their target mRNAs and negatively mediate the gene expressions in pre-transcriptional or post-transcriptional stages by impeding mRNA translation [ 12 , 13 ]. (springeropen.com)
The major events in the regulation of the host response on a transcriptional level occur within the first 3 days after infection. (biomedcentral.com)
Transcriptional regulation of aquaporins in accessions of Arabidopsis in response to drought stress. (lu.se)
Transcriptional regulation of the genes in metabolic pathways is a highly successful strategy, which is virtually universal in microorganisms. (lu.se)
With a minimalist model of metabolism, cell growth and transcriptional regulation in a microorganism, we explore how the interaction between environmental conditions and gene regulation set the growth rate of cells in the phase of exponential growth. (lu.se)
Citation: Troein C, Ahre´n D, Krogh M, Peterson C (2007) Is Transcriptional Regulation of Metabolic Pathways an Optimal Strategy for Fitness? (lu.se)
INTRODUCTION broken, which in realistic situations can severly constrain the Transcriptional regulation of effector genes is a highly successful regulatory options. (lu.se)

RNP-based processive anti-termination underlies the switching from immediate-early to delayed-early gene expression in other lambdoid phages as well as ribosomal RNA synthesis in Escherichia coli . (fu-berlin.de)

At UAH, Cruz-Vera embarked on research in gene regulation in bacteria. (uah.edu)
His work involves unraveling the intricate mechanisms governing how genes in bacteria are expressed, ultimately affecting the production of proteins. (uah.edu)
We study the functional interplay of pausing, termination and continued transcription, which constitutes a pervasive gene regulatory principle in bacteria. (fu-berlin.de)
Small RNA molecule constituting part of a 3-component naturally occurring CRISPR-Cas defense system in bacteria and serving as a link for associating the crRNA with the Cas9 protein. (corteva.com)
Consequently, bacteria have developed different systems to sense changes in environmental conditions such as temperature and induce an adaptation of metabolism and gene expression. (springer.com)
Many different principles of thermoregulation have been identified in bacteria, which can be assigned to the class of protein-, DNA- or RNA-thermosensors. (springer.com)
As this proposed catalytic water is cut off from the bulk solvent by the N-terminus of ribosomal protein L27 in bacteria, we are currently investigating a possible regulatory role for this protein during translation. (u-bordeaux.fr)

Finally, we used gene knockout strains to validate the potential target genes related to ethanol tolerance. (biomedcentral.com)
Database analyses retrieved 40 active ingredients and 47 target genes in SHD. (hindawi.com)
Many of the target genes by the newly identified miRNAs were associated with plant growth and development, stress response, defense and hormone signaling, and oil synthesis pathways. (springeropen.com)

Ethanol can interfere with cell membrane's ability to act as a barrier, and interrupt key cellular processes such as protein biosynthesis, energy transduction and transport[ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Numerous fundamental cellular processes, including virtually every aspect of gene expression and regulation, depend on the cooperation of RNAs and proteins. (fu-berlin.de)
Specific RNAs and proteins associate to build up some of the most complex macromolecular machineries of living cells, such as ribosomes and spliceosomes, which mediate particular steps of gene expression. (fu-berlin.de)
We investigate the molecular mechanisms, by which RNAs and proteins cooperate to bring about the biological functions of selected RNPs involved in transcription and pre-mRNA splicing. (fu-berlin.de)
In these processes, transcript-borne regulatory RNAs alone or in conjunction with protein factors assemble on the surface of RNAP and accompany the enzyme during further transcription by an RNA looping mechanism, rendering the elongation complex resistant to pause and/or termination signals downstream of the original modification site. (fu-berlin.de)
The bacterial genes encoding chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) and beta-glucuronidase (GUS) were transiently expressed in leaf discs from the AR1 promoter in TGMV A. The levels of AR1 and GUS RNAs were similar in leaf discs after adjusting for viral DNA copy number, while CAT RNA was less abundant. (ncsu.edu)
The geminivirus transient expression system allows rapid analysis of RNAs transcribed from foreign genes and can serve as a preliminary screen in the construction of transgenic plants. (ncsu.edu)
For example, exosomes and nanovesicles secreted by living cells serve as intercellular couriers of mRNA, microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and proteins and have thus garnered considerable interest [ 3 ]. (jcancer.org)

This article reviews the current knowledge and experimental research about the mechanisms by which fatty acids and their derivatives control specific gene expression involved during carcinogenesis. (springer.com)
Knowledge of the mechanisms by which fatty acids control specific gene expression may identify important risk factors for cancer and provide insight into the development of new therapeutic strategies for a better management of whole body lipid metabolism. (springer.com)
Due to the inherent diversity in the underlying mechanisms, protein-based thermosensors affect different cellular processes such as transcription, translation, protein stability, signal transduction as well as proteolytic processes. (springer.com)
During the past few decades, hemocyte-mediated phagocytosis, as one of the most important innate cellular immune function, has also received great attention in crustacean, and a good progress in elucidating the involvement of hemocyte-mediated phagocytosis, as well as its protective roles and mechanisms, against bacterial and viral infections has been achieved. (frontiersin.org)

It is organized into genes that specify the production of proteins. (corteva.com)

The cellular process of assembling amino acids into proteins using the nucleotide sequence of messenger RNA (mRNA, see "RNA") as a set of instructions. (corteva.com)
There are several forms of RNA, including messenger RNA (mRNA) which conveys the genetic information from genes (encoded by nucleotides) to proteins (encoded by amino acids). (corteva.com)
It lifts the mRNA levels of plasminogen activator (PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) to play a role of activation and regulation on PA and PAI-1, thus enhancing the activity of plasminogen activator and promoting the formation of new capillaries. (spandidos-publications.com)
Ribosomes are the large macromolecular complexes responsible for translating genetic information contained within a messenger RNA (mRNA) into protein in all living organisms. (u-bordeaux.fr)

The gene expression analysis demonstrated that bacterial GE-encoding genes were differentially expressed as response to different carbon sources. (proteopedia.org)
Gene Ontology (GO), KEGG, and cancer genomics analyses were performed to identify significant functions, pathways, and the associations of differentially expressed mRNAs. (jcancer.org)
GO and pathway analysis revealed differentially expressed mRNAs involved in many critical biological processes and molecular functions. (jcancer.org)
Cancer genomics analysis revealed that 36 of the most differentially expressed mRNAs were involved in a pancreatic cancer network and were associated with many critical mutated genes such as TP53, KRAS, SMAD4, and CDKN2A. (jcancer.org)

In recent years, the MAPK family has been found to be an important signal-regulating enzyme between cell surface receptors and determinants of gene expression ( 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

The concept of the replicator as a genetic entity has proven very useful in the quest to identify replicator DNA sequences and initiator proteins in prokaryotes, and to some extent also in eukaryotes, although the organization and complexity of replicators differ considerably between the domains of life. (wikipedia.org)
Thus, arrest peptides are used for metabolite-dependent gene regulation in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. (u-bordeaux.fr)

Type I toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are widespread genetic modules in bacterial genomes. (mdpi.com)
Chromosomes carry genetic information in the form of genes. (corteva.com)
The complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism. (corteva.com)
We find some very striking similarities, including recurring genomic rearrangements, alterations of the regulation of specific growth-promoting genes, population-genetic features that affect the fitness trajectories of growth rate variants in evolving populations, and physiological and metabolic similarities derived from the conservation of the basic plan of growth and cell multiplication among all eukaryotes. (nih.gov)
David Botstein's fundamental contributions to modern genetics include the development of genetic methods for understanding biological functions and the discovery of the functions of many yeast and bacterial genes. (nih.gov)
Manel Camps studies the biological consequences of random changes in genetic information (mutations) that occur spontaneously or as a result of environmental insults. (ucsc.edu)
Partial or complete deficiencies of the components of the complement system, including its receptors and regulatory proteins, are now described in humans and may be of a genetic or familial origin or acquired. (medscape.com)

Import of these sugars occurs through the previously characterized raffinose ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transport system, encoded by the raf operon, that lacks the necessary ATP-binding protein. (lu.se)
Pneumococci lacking RafK showed a 50- to 80-fold reduction in expression of the raf operon genes aga (alpha-galactosidase) and rafEFG (raffinose substrate binding and permease genes), and both glucose and sucrose inhibited raffinose uptake through inducer exclusion. (lu.se)
Like RafK, the presence of DLDH also activated the expression of raf operon genes, as DLDH-negative pneumococci showed a significantly decreased expression of aga and rafEFG, but DLDH did not regulate rafK or the putative regulatory genes rafR and rafS. (lu.se)
Genes responsible for carbon source transport (the mal operon for maltose), protein folding (dnaK and mopAB), and iron acquisition (fepBD, entCBA, fecI, and exbBD) were positively controlled by RpoS. (mcmaster.ca)
IglA is a 21 kDa protein encoded by a gene that is part of an iglABCD operon located on the Francisella pathogenicity island (FPI). (biomedcentral.com)
In the case of the lac operon of E. coli, a well-studied system for whether a gene is regulated. (lu.se)
Here, the function of regulation is quite clear: expressing energy and carbon, that a number around 0.2% would be the right genes at the right time will enable the cell to make the expected, and that the difference is more or less specific to the lac most of the resources within its reach, by maximizing the uptake operon [7]. (lu.se)

More than five decades ago, Jacob, Brenner, and Cuzin proposed the replicon hypothesis to explain the regulation of chromosomal DNA synthesis in E. coli. (wikipedia.org)
RNA codons and protein synthesis. (crossref.org)
To further investigate regulation of AI-2 production in Salmonella , we constructed pfs and luxS promoter fusions to a luxCDABE reporter in a low-copy-number vector, allowing an examination of transcription of the genes in the pathway for signal synthesis. (mcmaster.ca)
There, he chose to tackle what was, at the time, a little-known form of translational control: the regulation of ribosomal protein synthesis by the nascent polypeptide. (u-bordeaux.fr)
Nascent chain-mediated translational arrest , a process whereby signals encoded in certain nascent polypeptides termed arrest peptides bring protein synthesis to a halt. (u-bordeaux.fr)

The amino acid sequence of a protein is encoded by the nucleotide sequence of a corresponding gene. (corteva.com)

Develop a biological knowledge base common to contemporary biologists, encompassing microscopy, cell structure, cellular membranes, and nucleic acids biology. (uaeu.ac.ae)
Use a biological knowledge base common to contemporary biologists in cellular, sub-organismic, organismic, and systems levels of biological organization. (uaeu.ac.ae)
Hinck's lab has identified a family of cellular proteins that help regulate cell proliferation and migration and act as breast tumor suppressors. (ucsc.edu)
The complement system, interacting with its regulatory molecules and cellular receptors, plays a central role in the induction and regulation of immunity. (medscape.com)
They have a wide cellular and tissue distribution, and play a major role in the mediation of biological responses. (medscape.com)
They are single-chain molecules present on host cellular membranes and belong to the complement control protein family. (medscape.com)

A rat MCAO model was established to evaluate the pharmacodynamics of SHD in the treatment of IS, and Western blot analysis assessed the level of proteins in the related pathways. (hindawi.com)
Genomics has resulted in a parallel consensus that the central functions of all eukaryotes are highly conserved, not only at the level of individual protein functions, but also complex biological pathways and systems. (nih.gov)
A number of studies have explored how regulation of generally, and at least to a first approximation, it is obvious that metabolic pathways affects the growth rate of microorganisms, gene regulation only is useful if the environmental conditions vary both in the steady state and in response to changes in the local with time. (lu.se)

Analysis of virulence related gene expression and computational simulations of pivotal proteins involved in pathogenesis demonstrate that myricetin downregulates the saeR global regulator and interacts with sortase A and α-hemolysin. (nature.com)
Unlike antibacterials that aim to inhibit cell growth, antivirulence therapies are based on the inhibition of bacterial virulence. (nature.com)

Surprisingly, many previously identified RpoS stationary-phase dependent genes were not controlled by RpoS in exponential phase and several genes were RpoS-regulated only in exponential phase, suggesting the involvement of other regulators. (mcmaster.ca)
We recently described a Francisella pathogenicity island (FPI) harboring several genes necessary for intracellular growth. (biomedcentral.com)

Membrane proteins implicated in long-chain fatty acid uptake by mammalian cells: CD36, FATP and FABPm. (springer.com)

A protein that breaks down a polynucleotide chain of DNA by cutting the internal bonds linking the nucleotides. (corteva.com)

Chromatin structure and expression of plant ribosomal RNA genes. (ncsu.edu)

The DNA sequence reveals that dpy-13 is a member of the collagen multi-gene family, and it could encode a polypeptide of 302 amino acids. (ncsu.edu)

Biochemical and structural features of diverse bacterial glucuronoyl esterases facilitating recalcitrant biomass conversion. (proteopedia.org)
Arnling Baath J, Mazurkewich S, Knudsen RM, Poulsen JN, Olsson L, Lo Leggio L, Larsbrink J. Biochemical and structural features of diverse bacterial glucuronoyl esterases facilitating recalcitrant biomass conversion. (proteopedia.org)
1988). Effect of traditional and biodynamic farmyard manure amendment on yields, soil chemical, biochemical and biological properties in a long-term field experiment. (ncsu.edu)
Biochemical fractionation showed that IglA is a soluble cytoplasmic protein and immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrate that it interacts with the downstream-encoded IglB. (biomedcentral.com)

two protein structures were solved, and insights into their regulation and biological roles were gained through gene expression analysis and enzymatic assays on complex biomass. (proteopedia.org)
RNA is essential in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes. (corteva.com)
The main aim of our research is to understand the molecular details and physiological roles of the multitude of water channel-like proteins present in plants and animals. (lu.se)

Monoclonal antibody identification of a 100-kDa membrane protein in HeLa cells and human spinal cord involved in poliovirus attachment. (ncsu.edu)
Lipid bilayer regulation of membrane protein function: gramicidin channels as molecular force probes. (springer.com)
Dietary fatty acids and membrane protein function. (springer.com)
Affinity tags can reduce merohedral twinning of membrane protein crystals. (lu.se)

Botstein also has helped to create, with Michael Ashburner and Gerald Rubin, a bioinformatics initiative to unify the representation of gene and gene product attributes across all species, called Gene Ontology. (nih.gov)
With the help of various forms of mass spectrometry, synchrotron radiation, protein production & labelling, and bioinformatics, our facilities provide the opportunity to study protein structure and dynamics, molecular probes and drug design. (lu.se)

Below you can see some examples of the infrastructure for proteins, available for researchers at Lund University. (lu.se)

However, the exponential phase expression of some genes is affected by rpoS mutation, suggesting RpoS may also have an important physiological role in growing cells. (mcmaster.ca)

We conclude that CinS mediates quorum-sensing regulation because it is coregulated with an AHL synthase and demonstrate that its regulatory effects can occur in the absence of AHLs. (uba.ar)
The luxS gene product mediates the production of AI-2 (M. G. Surette, M. B. Miller, and B. L. Bassler, Proc. (mcmaster.ca)
This pore-forming toxin has been reported as an important protein that mediates tissue damage promoted by S. aureus . (nature.com)

Increasing gene dosage greatly enhances recombinant expression of aquaporins in Pichia pastoris. (lu.se)

cinS encodes a 67-residue protein, translationally coupled to CinI, and cinS acts downstream of expR for raiR induction. (uba.ar)

RNA-seq based identification and mutant validation of gene targets related to ethanol resistance in cyanobacterial Synechocystis sp. (biomedcentral.com)
Microarray expression data revealed that, in the rpoS mutant, the expression of 268 genes was attenuated while the expression of 24 genes was enhanced. (mcmaster.ca)

One of two (or more) alternative forms of a gene found at the same location on a chromosome. (corteva.com)
They are encoded by separate but linked genes termed regulation of complement activation (RCA) genes, located on the q32 region of chromosome 1. (medscape.com)

We also present a novel way of combining prior biological knowledge and current observations to improve the quality of analysis and to model interactions between sets of genes rather than individual genes. (duke.edu)
Our facilities provide the opportunity to study protein structure, molecular probes and drug design, system biology and molecular interactions in cells and tissues. (lu.se)

Daniel Kim's lab studies the role of long noncoding RNA molecules (lncRNAs) in gene expression and cancer. (ucsc.edu)

RpoS is a major regulator of genes required for adaptation to stationary phase in E. coli. (mcmaster.ca)
The results demonstrated that Vitexin pretreatment significantly reduced neuronal apoptosis, and inhibited caspase‑3 activity, apoptosis regulator BAX protein expression and malondialdehyde levels in sevoflurane‑induced newborn rats. (spandidos-publications.com)

Cytosine methylation has been studied in wheat rRNA genes at nucleolar organizers displaying different activities. (ncsu.edu)
The methylation pattern within a specific multigene locus is influenced by the number and type of rRNA genes in other rDNA loci in the cell. (ncsu.edu)
It is concluded that cytosine methylation in rDNA is regulated and that the methylation pattern correlates with the transcription potential of an rRNA gene. (ncsu.edu)

Temperature has a direct effect on fundamental biological systems, including enzyme activity and correct folding of proteins. (springer.com)

Adaptation of the bacterial CRISPR-Cas system for genome editing purposes by combining crRNA and tracrRNA into a single guide RNA molecule. (corteva.com)

Molecular structure and transformation of the glucose dehydrogenase gene in Drosophila melanogaster. (ncsu.edu)

Edwards, A. The cin and rai quorum-sensing regulatory systems in Rhizobium leguminosarum are coordinated by ExpR and CinS, a small regulatory protein coexpressed with CinI. (uba.ar)
Myricetin affects both surface proteins and secreted proteins which indicate that its action is unrelated to inhibition of the agr quorum sensing system. (nature.com)

In unicellular organisms like E. coli and yeast, the benefits of between potential cost and benefit, regulation can make the most a well-adapted regulatory system are readily quantified, as the difference to the long-term growth rate if the resource in question fitness of an individual can be estimated by its growth rate in is only available a similarly small fraction of the time. (lu.se)

Their regulation may be carried out either through direct binding to DNA as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors or via modulation in an indirect manner of signaling pathway molecules (e.g., protein kinase C) and other transcription factors (nuclear factor kappa B and sterol regulatory element binding protein). (springer.com)
Effector proteins interacting with the Fc portion of immunoglobulin M (IgM) include complement and complement receptors. (medscape.com)
Defects in the expression of complement or complement receptors may result in loss of tolerance to self-proteins and the development of immune complex-mediated autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). (medscape.com)

The results showed that ethanol exposure induced genes involved in common stress responses, transporting and cell envelope modification. (biomedcentral.com)

A fundamental feature of the replicon hypothesis is that it relies on positive regulation to control DNA replication onset, which can explain many experimental observations in bacterial and phage systems. (wikipedia.org)

In this study, the temperature-induced regulation of this native RNA-thermometer for heterologous rhamnolipid production was evaluated and its potential application for process control is discussed. (springer.com)

A very natural place to study gene detecting and metabolizing lactose, it is known that the overall regulation is in the metabolism of the cell, and then specifically in effect of expressing the lac genes in vain is a drop in the growth rate the regulation of genes that code for enzymes and transporter of as much as 5% [1,6]. (lu.se)

In this study, we significantly expanded the existing knowledge on CE15 with the in-depth characterization of ten bacterial GEs broadly spanning the phylogenetic tree, and also presented two novel enzyme structures. (proteopedia.org)
It also investigates the characterization of atomic arrangements in crystalline and amorphous solids: metals, ceramics, semiconductors, and polymers (including proteins). (blogspot.com)
Purification and characterization of two protein kinases acting on the aquaporin SoPIP2;1. (lu.se)

Biomedical Science covers the area of basic science which focuses on the study of fundamental biological processes involved in health and disease. (york.ac.uk)
Whereas in the acute phase of the disease immunoregulatory processes prevail in the hippocampus and the cortex, we observed a strong activation of neurogenic processes in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, both by gene expression and immunohistology starting as early as 3 days after infection. (biomedcentral.com)

His research explores how this "factory" can get jammed and its impact on bacterial survival, unveiling a fundamental biological process. (uah.edu)

He then joined the group of Dr. R. Sowdhamini at the National Centre for Biological Sciences in Bangalore as a visiting fellow (2002-2004), where he developed a computational method for identifying functionally important sites in proteins. (u-bordeaux.fr)

Journal of Biological Chemistry, 284 (23), 15400-15407. (springer.com)
Journal of Biological Chemistry 2011, 286 (52):44319-44325. (lu.se)

Activation of the complement cascade always leads to the enzymatic cleavage of complement fraction C3, which is important in host defense to bacterial infections and phagocytosis. (medscape.com)

This gene was tagged by insertion of the Tc1 transposon, and the wild-type gene was cloned by chromosomal walking 11 kb from ama-1, a cloned gene encoding the large subunit of RNA polymerase II. (ncsu.edu)

Role of hydrogen in the activation and regulation of hydrogen oxidation by the soluble hydrogenase from Alcaligenes eutrophus H16. (ncsu.edu)

RafK carries a C-terminal regulatory domain present in a subset of ATP-binding proteins that has been involved in both direct regulation of transporter activity (inducer exclusion) and transcription of transporter genes. (lu.se)

Aquaporin-9 Protein Is the Primary Route of Hepatocyte Glycerol Uptake for Glycerol Gluconeogenesis in Mice. (lu.se)

It complexes with the tracrRNA to direct the Cas9 protein to cut a specific DNA sequence. (corteva.com)

Furthermore, it was revealed that treatment with vitexin induced hypoxia inducible factor 1α subunit (HIF‑1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein expression, and suppressed phosphorylated‑p38 MAP kinase (p38) protein expression in sevoflurane‑induced newborn rat. (spandidos-publications.com)
MAPKs are short for the mitogen-activated protein kinase family. (spandidos-publications.com)

Transcription of the wheat chloroplast gene that encodes the 32 kd polypeptide. (ncsu.edu)
The AR1 gene, which encodes the TGMV coat protein, was transcribed transiently in leaf discs after agroinoculation of TGMV A DNA. (ncsu.edu)

Anatomy13

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