Biological dna repair. Medical search. Frequent questions

Epirubicin was reported to block DNA replication either through direct DNA damage or indirectly through inhibition of replication proteins such as topoisomerase. (nature.com)
Unlike proteins and RNA, DNA usually lacks tertiary structure and therefore damage or disturbance does not occur at that level. (wikipedia.org)
DNA is, however, supercoiled and wound around "packaging" proteins called histones (in eukaryotes), and both superstructures are vulnerable to the effects of DNA damage. (wikipedia.org)
Application of mass spectrometry in the discovery of small molecule inhibitors of DNA repair proteins as potential anticancer drugs," 2nd International Conference on Current Trends in Mass Spectrometry, Chicago, IL, July 20, 2016. (nist.gov)
May 16, 2003 - Fri 12:30PM - Dr. Vilhelm Bohr, NIA - Human Premature Aging Proteins: Werner and Cockayne, Links Between DNA Repair and Aging 3. (bio.net)
The contributors examine the dozens of proteins that are involved in recombinational repair and the various pathways in which they are employed (e.g., gene conversion or break-induced replication). (cshlpress.com)
They also discuss how these proteins and pathways are strictly regulated to avoid genomic instability, which can lead to diseases such as cancer, and how they are coordinated with other nuclear processes (e.g., transcription and DNA replication). (cshlpress.com)
In such a scenario, a set of enzymes (proteins that act as catalysts for biochemical reactions) are activated to repair the damage. (phys.org)
Cells depend on their DNA for coding information to make various classes of proteins that include enzymes, certain hormones, transport proteins, and structural proteins that support life. (cdc.gov)

In human cells, both normal metabolic activities and environmental factors such as radiation can cause DNA damage, resulting in tens of thousands of individual molecular lesions per cell per day. (wikipedia.org)
Many of these lesions cause structural damage to the DNA molecule and can alter or eliminate the cell's ability to transcribe the gene that the affected DNA encodes. (wikipedia.org)
DNA damage, due to environmental factors and normal metabolic processes inside the cell, occurs at a rate of 10,000 to 1,000,000 molecular lesions per cell per day. (wikipedia.org)
Dr. Karen Vasquez, Smithville, TX - Processing of site-specific DNA lesions by DNA repair and recombination pathways 1.1.2 VIDEOARCHIVES: INTERNET ACCESS (WORLDWIDE): To date 54 of these videoconferences have been archived and are available for viewing at your leisure on the internet. (bio.net)
Spectroscopic Study of Radiation-Induced DNA Lesions and Their Susceptibility to Enzymatic Repair. (routledge.com)
The published original articles or reviews will open new paths toward the understanding of the generation and repair of DNA lesions, thus making it possible to advance knowledge of the processes that are at the origin of tumorigenesis. (mdpi.com)
This process directs the repair of many DNA lesions in somatic cells and generates genetic variation in sperm and egg cells during meiosis. (cshlpress.com)
Importantly, alkylating agents induce DNA damage at different genomic sites, which subsequently leads to lethal and/or mutagenic DNA base lesions. (frontiersin.org)
In comparison, the SN2 agent methyl methane sulfonate (MMS) induces N 1 -methyladenine (m 1 A) and N 3 -methylcytosine (m 3 C) lesions, preferably in single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). (frontiersin.org)
20th International Congress on InVitro Toxicology, Berlin, 'Development of a high-throughput screening for oxidative DNA lesions. (uni-ulm.de)

bulky adduct formation" (e.g., benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide-dG adduct, aristolactam I-dA adduct) mismatch of bases, due to errors in DNA replication, in which the wrong DNA base is stitched into place in a newly forming DNA strand, or a DNA base is skipped over or mistakenly inserted. (wikipedia.org)
Genetic and Environmental Toxicology Association of Northern California (GETA) 2018 Spring Symposium on DNA Damage, Repair and Replication, Sacramento, CA, April 23, 2018. (nist.gov)
WRN protein is thought to be involved in optimization of various aspects of DNA metabolism, including DNA repair, recombination, replication, and transcription. (amrita.edu)
therefore, it is also important for gene regulation and DNA replication in A. thaliana as well as other organisms. (nature.com)
The research, published November 30 in the journal Molecular Cell , used advanced imaging tools that monitor DNA replication in real-time to discover how DNA gaps are repaired in human cancer cells. (scienceboard.net)
The DNA replication process sometimes leads to errors, including the formation of DNA gaps. (scienceboard.net)
Responding to DNA replication stress, POLQ fills in DNA gaps, allowing continued cancer cell survival and replication. (scienceboard.net)
Repetitive DNA sequences can cause replication. (scienceboard.net)

The 2015 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Tomas Lindahl, Paul Modrich, and Aziz Sancar for their work on the molecular mechanisms of DNA repair processes. (wikipedia.org)
Oxidative DNA damage and its repair: Mechanisms, measurement and biological consequences. (nist.gov)
Physicochemical Mechanisms of Radiation Induced DNA Damage. (routledge.com)
DNA transcription, DNA damage repair mechanisms), focusing on the identification of new therapeutic targets and of disease-related biomarkers. (imperial.ac.uk)
This is achieved, inter alia, by means of specific repair mechanisms that ensure an efficient and prompt correction of the DNA defects. (mdpi.com)
Here, we summarize advances in the current understanding of protein α-N-terminal methylation biological functions and mechanisms across eukaryotic organisms. (nih.gov)
The extremely low 5-year overall survival of patients is, in part, due to pancreatic cancer cells having several mechanisms of resistance to different chemotherapeutic treatments, one of which is their capacity to efficiently repair alkylating agent-induced DNA damage. (frontiersin.org)
Oxidative stress is a principal cause of DNA damage, and mechanisms to repair this damage are among the most highly conserved of biological processes. (rcsb.org)
During his master's thesis Mr. Mack investigated DNA repair mechanisms and its connection to cellular aging. (uni-ulm.de)
Various DNA repair mechanisms help fix these errors. (scienceboard.net)
This study provides insights for investigation of operational mechanisms of other enzymes involved in DNA repair. (phys.org)

It also has the ability to find damage buried in chromosomes and help DNA repair molecules go places they otherwise couldn't, the way a helicopter can navigate really hilly areas. (cmu.edu)
The amazing thing is finding those single molecules in 3D space," said study coauthor Simon Watkins, Ph.D., director of Pitt's Center for Biological Imaging . (cmu.edu)
DNA repair is a collection of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that encodes its genome. (wikipedia.org)
Homologous recombination involves the precise exchange of similar or identical nucleic acid sequences between two DNA molecules. (cshlpress.com)
But first, they must find a way to protect or repair the molecules when nucleases attack. (acs.org)

Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology covers all aspects of recombinational DNA repair, meiotic recombination, and the regulation of these processes. (cshlpress.com)
Meiotic recombination, the characteristics that distinguish it from recombinational repair, and effects of its dysregulation (e.g., aneuploidy) are also covered in depth. (cshlpress.com)
This volume is an indispensable reference for biochemists, molecular biologists, and cell biologists who want to understand how DNA recombination maintains genomic integrity in individual organisms and across generations. (cshlpress.com)
Furthermore, AtRAD54, which performs an important role in the homologous recombination repair pathway, was involved in the pairing of homologous loci with γ-irradiation. (nature.com)
We found that AtRAD54, which performs an important role in the homologous recombination (HR) repair pathway, was involved in the approach of two homologous loci under γ-irradiation. (nature.com)
The enzyme POLQ, absent in healthy cells, provides a vital repair mechanism in cancer cells unable to otherwise repair DNA gaps using the more common homologous recombination method. (scienceboard.net)
When researchers inhibited POLQ in cells deficient for homologous recombination -- including cells with BRCA gene mutations -- or in combination with inhibitors of the DNA repair enzyme PARP, DNA gaps accumulated. (scienceboard.net)

When normal repair processes fail, and when cellular apoptosis does not occur, irreparable DNA damage may occur, including double-strand breaks and DNA crosslinkages (interstrand crosslinks or ICLs). (wikipedia.org)
There are several types of damage to DNA due to endogenous cellular processes: oxidation of bases [e.g. 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG)] and generation of DNA strand interruptions from reactive oxygen species, alkylation of bases (usually methylation), such as formation of 7-methylguanosine, 1-methyladenine, 6-O-Methylguanine hydrolysis of bases, such as deamination, depurination, and depyrimidination. (wikipedia.org)
Treating such a group as a virtual gene is a useful conceptual tool while the search continues for the genetic elements of regulation of complex biological processes, such as aging. (bio.net)
Direct DNA repair comprises several types of DNA repair enzymes that reversibly remove alkyl groups from damaged DNA bases through oxidative dealkylation processes. (frontiersin.org)
Chromatin dynamics and arrangement are involved in many biological processes in nuclei of eukaryotes including plants. (nature.com)
DNA is the instruction manual for every living organism, guiding the development and functioning of all biological processes. (phys.org)
The sequence of processes undertaken by the enzymes to fix DNA damage is known as "base excision repair" (BER). (phys.org)
The biological processes that affect cancer development are also presented, with a focus on sporadic cancer, genomics and susceptibility, gene-environment interactions, and DNA repair, as well as inflammation and its pivotal role in cancer pathogenesis, to name but a few. (who.int)
Consequently, these changes in gene expression can inhibit genetic regions related to tumor suppression, cell growth, DNA repair, intracellular binding, and inhibition of metastasis, among other processes. (bvsalud.org)

Van Houten]'s team has developed an assay that allows them to track the repair enzymes in 3D on the DNA ropes as they repair damage. (cmu.edu)
In particular, certain types of ALKBH enzymes are dioxygenases that directly reverse DNA methylation damage via transfer of a methyl group from the DNA adduct onto α-ketoglutarate and release of metabolic products including succinate and formaldehyde. (frontiersin.org)
The presence of multiple versions of DNA repair enzymes in a single organism is usually thought to reflect redundancy in activities that are essential for cellular viability. (rcsb.org)
The line focuses on two factors-DNA repair enzymes and growth factors, both of which have been proven to be more effective than retinoids or antioxidants in clinical studies. (marieclaire.com)
To give you some Science 101: DNA repair enzymes are our skin's natural protection against aging and sun damage and as we get older, we unfortunately start losing these enzymes. (marieclaire.com)
However, these intriguing structures don't persist long in biological environments because of enzymes called nucleases that degrade DNA. (acs.org)
Sequence variations in a number of genes for DNA repair in occupational toxicology for a more accurate risk and phase I/phase II metabolising enzymes have recently assessment of groups of workers. (cdc.gov)

Folate maintains genomic stability by regulating DNA biosynthesis, repair and methylation. (nih.gov)
Increasing reports implicates α-N-terminal methylation as a widespread and critical regulator of mitosis, chromatin interactions, DNA repair, and translation fidelity. (nih.gov)
Mack M. , Schweinlin K., Mirsberger N. and Bürkle A., Automated screening for oxidative or methylation-induced DNA damage in human cells. (uni-ulm.de)

Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association 2018 Aug 120 571-577. (cdc.gov)

Artios Pharma and Merck KGaA are set to develop multiple cancer drugs aimed at DNA damage response pathways through a new three-year long research and. (scienceboard.net)
These ion pairs can then chemically react with other pathways within living cells and, if sufficient in number, will disrupt cellular function, including damage to DNA. (medscape.com)
A number of direct and indirect radiation interaction pathways can produce damage to the DNA of irradiated cells. (cdc.gov)

DNA is a molecule of paramount importance due to its fundamental biological role in carrying and storing genetic information. (mdpi.com)
Direct and indirect ionization of DNA is ultimately responsible for the DNA alterations that adversely affect the structural and genetic integrity of the system. (cdc.gov)
Breaks in DNA strands also occur naturally when chromosomes exchange genetic material in preparation for cell division . (medlineplus.gov)
Repairing DNA prevents cells from accumulating genetic damage that can cause them to die or to divide uncontrollably. (medlineplus.gov)
The nibrin protein helps maintain the stability of a cell's genetic information through its roles in repairing damaged DNA and regulating cell division. (medlineplus.gov)

However, experimental approaches have limitations when dealing with complex biological systems composed of multiple layers of regulation such as the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation by transcription factors (TFs) and miRNAs [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)

Folates, a group of water-soluble B vitamins present in high concentrations in green, leafy vegetables, maintain DNA stability through their ability to donate one-carbon units for cellular metabolism. (nih.gov)
Some experimental evidence is available that suggests that sets of genes involved in the maintenance and repair of various cellular functions are the primary candidates qualifying as virtual gerontogenes. (bio.net)
DNA may be damaged by cellular metabolism byproducts, such as reactive oxygen species, and ionizing radiation (UV and gamma rays). (phys.org)
A very large radiation dose received in a short enough period of time to preclude significant repair can cause cellular walls to collapse and disrupt organ systems, producing deterministic effects such as acute radiation syndrome, cataracts, and teratogenesis (mental retardation, IQ reduction, microencephaly, stunted growth). (cdc.gov)
This protein is involved in several critical cellular functions, including the repair of damaged DNA. (medlineplus.gov)

Here, we tested whether ALKBH6 plays a significant role in preventing alkylating DNA damage and decreasing genomic instability in pancreatic cancer cells. (frontiersin.org)

Monoadduct damage cause by change in single nitrogenous base of DNA Di adduct damage Damage caused by exogenous agents comes in many forms. (wikipedia.org)
Pearce et al have noted that deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) adduct levels may vary substantially among subjects who have similar levels of exposure to a particular agent, and as such may be limited in their ability to assess external exposure. (cdc.gov)
Furthermore, since DNA adduct formation is considered a critical step in the initiation of cancer for many compounds, the observation that a suspected carcinogen has the capability to form macromolecular adducts in exposed humans has important public health policy implications in and of itself. (cdc.gov)

Epirubicin, a DNA damaging anticancer agent and CoCl 2 , which was used to imitate hypoxia condition, was applied to induce DNA damage in TIGAR knockdown HepG2 cells. (nature.com)
Several alkylating agents are commonly used in chemotherapy but may induce DNA damage to cancer cells as well as normal cells. (frontiersin.org)

Many genes that were initially shown to influence life span have turned out to be involved in DNA damage repair and protection. (wikipedia.org)
Biological Sciences explores the study of living organisms, covering everything from the interactions of animals in their environment to how genes are expressed. (ed.ac.uk)
They also showed that i-motifs appear in some promoter regions (areas of DNA that control whether genes are switched on or off) and in telomeres, 'end sections' of chromosomes that are important in the aging process. (sciencedaily.com)
With this throwaway comment in their famous paper, Watson and Crick heralded a biological revolution by finally explaining how genes could be copied and passed on. (newscientist.com)
The double-helical structure of DNA also means that all our genes have a back-up copy. (newscientist.com)
The total chromosomal content of a cell involves approximately 105 genes in a specialized macromolecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). (cdc.gov)

In this instance, the tendency to form DNA adducts functions as a marker of susceptibility, integrating absorbed dose, metabolic activation and detoxification, and DNA repair. (cdc.gov)

Finally, the calibrated model is used to study the effect of different miRNA expression profiles and cooperative target regulation on p21 expression levels in different biological contexts. (hindawi.com)

There is also strong support for a mechanism of action for nasopharyngeal carcinogenesis in which inhaled formaldehyde causes DNA-protein crosslinks in nasopharyngeal tissue. (who.int)

Inhibition of DNA glycosylases in development of cancer therapeutics," 52nd Congress of the European Societies of Toxicology (EUROTOX2016), Seville, Spain, September 5, 2016. (nist.gov)

The protein they were targeting, BRAT1, regulates DNA damage response and DNA repair in cancer cells. (phys.org)

Daughter cells that inherit these wrong bases carry mutations from which the original DNA sequence is unrecoverable (except in the rare case of a back mutation, for example, through gene conversion). (wikipedia.org)
The NBN gene mutations that cause Nijmegen breakage syndrome typically lead to the production of an abnormally short version of the nibrin protein, which prevents it from responding to DNA damage effectively. (medlineplus.gov)

In the knot structure, C letters on the same strand of DNA bind to each other -- so this is very different from a double helix, where 'letters' on opposite strands recognise each other, and where Cs bind to Gs [guanines]. (sciencedaily.com)
If one strand gets damaged, the information on the opposite strand can be used as a template to repair it. (newscientist.com)
We also found that DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) induce the approach of the homologous loci with γ-irradiation. (nature.com)
Moreover, the distance between two homologous loci in the interphase nucleus was shortened by γ-irradiation, which induces DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). (nature.com)
It attaches itself to the AP site in damaged DNA and cleaves the double strand of DNA into a single strand by digesting a selective number of bases from the other strand. (phys.org)
Thereafter, Pol I attaches itself to the 3' (3 prime end) of the digested DNA strand and fills the gap. (phys.org)
DNA methyltransferase ( MGMT , promotor-enhancer, can result in different dose-response relationships for 1099C/T). We also measured DNA damage (strand different groups of individuals. (cdc.gov)

Oxidative DNA damage and repair, and applications in environmental toxicology. (nist.gov)
DNA damage and its repair in cancer," 9th Congress of the Turkish Society of Toxicology and the Hellenic Society of Toxicology of Greece, Cesme, Izmir, Turkey, October 23, 2015. (nist.gov)
In the following doctoral thesis at the department for molecular toxicology of the University of Konstanz, he developed a screening method for the detection of specific DNA damage. (uni-ulm.de)

For the first time, Van Houten's team witnessed this molecular tango along a "tightrope" of DNA slung between two silica beads, using real-time, single-molecule imaging. (cmu.edu)
Small molecule inhibitors of DNA glycosylases as potential drugs in cancer therapy," 2nd International Conference on Molecular Biology, Nucleic Acids & Molecular Medicine (Keynote Speaker), Philadelphia, PA, September 1, 2017. (nist.gov)
Small molecule inhibitors of DNA glycosylases as potential drugs in chemo- and radiotherapies," 14th International Workshop on Radiation Damage to DNA, Melbourne, Australia, March 21, 2016. (nist.gov)
That view still prevailed when Watson and Crick worked out the structure of the DNA molecule. (newscientist.com)
DNA in living cells is a perilously unstable molecule that requires constant maintenance to keep it structurally sound. (newscientist.com)
In essence, it is a molecule with a double helix structure with each unit of a helix containing what are known as "DNA bases. (phys.org)

As in the DNA tightrope experiment, UV-DDB rushed to the scene, and when it wasn't available, cells were more sensitive to oxidative stress. (cmu.edu)
Apr 15, 2003 - Dr. Qingyi Wei, M.D. Anderson, Houston, Tx - DNA Repair Function, Polymorphisms and Cancer Risk in the General Population Mar 11, 2003 - Dr. Sankar Mitra, Univ of Texas, Galveston - Oxidative Damage Repair and Its Co-ordination in the Mammalian Genome. (bio.net)

For apoptotic inducing activity, human osteogenic sarcoma (HOS) cell proliferation, chromosomal DNA degradation and changes in apoptosis-related protein levels were measured. (nutrimedical.com)
Ellagic acid significantly reduced HOS cell proliferation, and induced apoptosis evidenced by chromosomal DNA degradation and apoptotic body appearance. (nutrimedical.com)

As such, its stability is key for safeguarding DNA integrity from external stress. (mdpi.com)

This study investigated the role of TIGAR in DNA damage response (DDR) induced by genotoxic drugs and hypoxia in tumor cells. (nature.com)
To define a role of TIGAR in DNA damage, TIGAR expression was knocked down with siRNA in HepG2 cells. (nature.com)
DNA damage in HepG2 cells after TIGAR knockdown with or without treatment of epirubicin or CoCl 2 was detected by Comet assay. (nature.com)
In a world first, researchers have identified a new DNA structure -- called the i-motif -- inside cells. (sciencedaily.com)
A twisted 'knot' of DNA, the i-motif has never before been directly seen inside living cells. (sciencedaily.com)
Deep inside the cells in our body lies our DNA. (sciencedaily.com)
This new research reminds us that totally different DNA structures exist -- and could well be important for our cells. (sciencedaily.com)
A/Prof Marcel Dinger says, "It's exciting to uncover a whole new form of DNA in cells -- and these findings will set the stage for a whole new push to understand what this new DNA shape is really for, and whether it will impact on health and disease. (sciencedaily.com)
3T3 cells, 5min after the induction of DNA damage by microirradiation with a 405 laser. (ucsd.edu)
In particular, the loss of ALKBH6 in human pancreatic cancer cells increases alkylating agent-induced DNA damage and significantly decreases cell survival. (frontiersin.org)
Why don't these cells keep on dividing, repairing and renewing the organ forever? (creation.com)
Cancer cells grow very fast and make a lot of DNA. (phys.org)
If scientists can damage cancer cells' DNA and keep them from repairing it, they can stop cancer cells from growing. (phys.org)
Cancer cells unable to repair their DNA ultimately perished. (scienceboard.net)
However, researchers found POLQ's DNA repair process was also error prone, introducing DNA variations in cancer cells which lead to increased cancer mutation rates. (scienceboard.net)
This tendency can be evaluated in case-control studies for subjects still exposed to the agent of interest (for example, smoking6), particularly in early disease, when disease effects on cells are less likely, or in prospective cohort studies, if recent exposure to relevant compounds is assessed by questionnaire or environmental monitoring at the time of biological sample collection. (cdc.gov)
Nijmegen breakage syndrome gets its name from numerous breaks in DNA that occur in affected people's cells. (medlineplus.gov)
A buildup of these breaks lead to errors in DNA that can trigger cells to grow and divide abnormally, increasing the risk of cancer in people with Nijmegen breakage syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)

Without vigilant repair, cancer would run rampant, and now scientists at the University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University have gotten a glimpse of how one protein in particular keeps DNA damage in check. (cmu.edu)
It identifies DNA damage so that another crew can come in and patch and seal it," said study senior author Bennett Van Houten , Ph.D., professor of pharmacology and chemical biology at the Pitt School of Medicine and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center . (cmu.edu)
DNA Repair-based Drug Developments in Cancer Therapy. (nist.gov)
DNA Damage and Repair in Cancer. (nist.gov)
DNA Repair in cancer therapy. (nist.gov)
Inhibitors of DNA glycosylases as potential therapeutic drugs in cancer," International Cancer Study & Therapy Conference (Cancer-2016), Baltimore, MD, April 4, 2016. (nist.gov)
Jan 21, 2003 - Tues 12:30PM - Dr. Jack Taylor, NIEHS - Epidemiologic studies of DNA repair gene polymorphisms and cancer risk Dec 17, 2002 - Dr. John Tainer, UC Berkeley - Conformational Controls and DNA Repair Coordination - [Note: The posting of this talk will be delayed at the request of the speaker. (bio.net)
Dr. Ronald Moy, a past president of the American Academy of Dermatology, the Pacific Dermatologic Association, and the American Society of Dermatology, and past vice president of The Skin Cancer Foundation (side note: phew) is the founder of the DNA Renewal skincare line, a line based on DNA repair science that won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2015-so you know, it's kind of legit. (marieclaire.com)
Researchers have discovered the biological markers in triple-negative breast cancer that are associated with resistance to chemotherapy. (scienceboard.net)
Researchers have discovered that noncoding 'junk' DNA could potentially contribute to the development of cancer. (scienceboard.net)
Pearce et al have written a thoughtful commentary on the limitations of the use of biological markers of exposure in cancer epidemiology. (cdc.gov)
The causes of cancer are now better understood in terms of both the precise biological changes induced by causative agents and the characteristics of exposed people who prove to be susceptible to cancer development. (who.int)
This is the broad background against which both biological and sociological variables determine the distribution of cancer and, in many instances, its potential prevention. (who.int)

Additionally, medical radiation or chemotherapy, which is often used to treat cancers, can cause further DNA damage in people with Nijmegen breakage syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)

According to a study published today in Nature Structural and Molecular Biology , a protein called UV-DDB - which stands for ultraviolet-damaged DNA-binding - is useful beyond safeguarding against the sun. (cmu.edu)

However, it remains unexplored if TIGAR plays an important role in DNA damage and repair. (nature.com)

From Initial Free Radical Formation to Resulting DNA Base Damage", Council on Ionizing Radiation Measurements and Standards, Mitigating Challenges in Radiation Technologies. (nist.gov)
Nov 12, 2002 - Dr. Rob Sobol, Univ of Pittsburgh - DNA Base Damage and Repair Intermediates: Out of the Pan and into the Fire [Note: The posting of this talk will be delayed at the request of the speaker. (bio.net)

December 1, 2022 -- Scientists from the Francis Crick Institute and biotech company Artios have revealed how polymerase theta (POLQ), a DNA repair enzyme, becomes vital to the survival of certain cancers. (scienceboard.net)

As a consequence, the DNA repair process is constantly active as it responds to damage in the DNA structure. (wikipedia.org)
In a new study published 22/08/19 in Nature Communications , researchers from the University of Nottingham , Imperial College London and KU Leuven have revealed fresh insights as to why this important biological process can sometimes go awry. (nottingham.ac.uk)
It is a nearly universal biological process that is conserved from phage to humans. (cshlpress.com)
Such an approach is characterized by an iterative process, including biological data acquisition and integration, network construction, mathematical modeling and experimental validation. (hindawi.com)
Derived from botanical or marine material to help to boost the body's natural repair and healing process, they work to mend and encourage our skin to auto-repair and regenerate the way it did when we were younger-AKA fast. (marieclaire.com)
So, Yi Li and Rebecca Schulman wanted to develop a self-repair process that could substantially extend the lifetime of DNA nanostructures. (acs.org)
The researchers developed a computer model of the process that indicated DNA nanostructures could be maintained for months or longer using the self-healing method. (acs.org)

Crucially, the antibody fragment didn't detect DNA in helical form, nor did it recognise 'G-quadruplex structures' (a structurally similar four-stranded DNA arrangement). (sciencedaily.com)
Researchers have developed several approaches to stabilize the structures in serum, such as chemically modifying or coating the DNA. (acs.org)
However, when the researchers added extra tiles to serum containing the nanotubes, the building blocks repaired damaged structures, extending their lifetimes to more than 96 hours. (acs.org)
By labeling the original nanotubes and the extra tiles with differently colored fluorescent dyes, the team determined that the additional small DNA pieces repaired the degrading structures both by replacing damaged tiles and by joining to the nanotube ends. (acs.org)

Since May 2020, Mr. Mack works as laboratory manager in the department of Clinical and Biological Psychology at the University of Ulm. (uni-ulm.de)
Se incluyeron 40 pacientes tratados en el Hospital Arnaldo Milián Castro en el período 2009-2020, se evaluó seguridad y eficacia. (bvsalud.org)

Radiation can disrupt the structure of the DNA (and other macromolecules), thereby disrupting normal cell and organ functions. (cdc.gov)
DNA can be damaged by agents such as toxic chemicals or radiation. (medlineplus.gov)
As a result, affected individuals are highly sensitive to the effects of radiation exposure and other agents that can cause breaks in DNA. (medlineplus.gov)

These results suggest that homologous loci approach each other to repair DSBs and AtRAD54 mediates these phenomena. (nature.com)

As a consequence, zoology pulls on all the disciplines covered across the School of Biological Sciences, from cell and molecular biology, developmental biology, parasitology, animal behaviour, population biology and ecology - all underpinned by evolutionary thinking. (ed.ac.uk)
We offer 12 different biological sciences subject areas, including zoology. (ed.ac.uk)
However, if you are applying to our Biological Sciences programmes you should only select one programme within this subject area. (ed.ac.uk)
All Biological Sciences students study the same core courses in Year 1. (ed.ac.uk)
You will learn core laboratory techniques, and study modern biology subjects which span the breadth of the biological sciences subject areas. (ed.ac.uk)
The Life Sciences (Biological and Agricultural) Major provides a strong foundation in the basic biological sciences. (mcgill.ca)
Graduates with high academic achievement may go on to postgraduate studies in research, or professional programs in the biological, veterinary, medical, and health sciences fields. (mcgill.ca)

Building on Mozumder's and Hatano's Charged Particle and Photon Interactions with Matter: Chemical, Physicochemical, and Biological Consequences with Applications (CRC Press, 2004), Charged Particle and Photon Interactions with Matter: Recent Advances, Applications, and Interfaces expands upon the scientific contents of the previous volume by covering state-of-the-art advances, novel applications, and future perspectives. (routledge.com)

When UV-DDB finds damage, it acts like a foreman to help the DNA repair crew get in, fix the faulty bases and detach quickly. (cmu.edu)
DNA is composed of alternating sugar and phosphate groups, with the sugar attached to 1 of 4 possible nucleotide bases (adenosine, cytosine, guanine, thymidine). (cdc.gov)

Researchers can now visualize DNA repair in unprecedented detail using a new high-throughput microscopy technique in combination with machine learning. (scienceboard.net)
Now, researchers have designed DNA nanostructures that can heal themselves in serum. (acs.org)
The researchers designed DNA nanotubes that self-assemble from smaller DNA "tiles. (acs.org)
The collections of the Biological Museum in Lund are available for researchers from throughout the world for research purposes. (lu.se)

Anatomy13

Organisms7

Diseases19

Chemicals and Drugs105

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment31

Phenomena and Processes82

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Information Science6

Health Care6

Proteins9

Lesions10

Replication8

Mechanisms11

Molecules5

Recombination7

Processes9

Enzymes7

Methylation3

20181

Pathways3

Genetic5

Transcription1

Cellular5

Genomic1

Adduct3

Induce DNA damage2

Genes6

Susceptibility1

Regulation1

Crosslinks1

Inhibition1

Regulates1

Mutations2

Strand7

Toxicology3

Molecule6

Oxidative2

Apoptosis2

Stability1

Cells18

Cancer13

Chemotherapy1

Protein1

Role in DNA damage1

Base Damage2

Polymerase1

Process7

Structures4

20202

Radiation3

DSBs1

Sciences7

Consequences1

Bases2

Researchers4