[ 14 ] The penetration of oxacillin and cefotaxime (β-lactams), and vancomycin and teicoplanin (glycopeptides) is significantly reduced through Staphylococcus aureusbiofilms, whereas that of amikacin (aminoglycoside), and rifampicin and ciprofloxacin (fluoroquinolones) was unaffected. (medscape.com)
In man-made water systems microbial biofilms increase the resistance of legionella to disinfection, posing a significant threat to public health. (frontiersin.org)
One of the most intriguing and clinically relevant features of microbial biofilms is their significantly higher antibiotic resistance relative to their free-floating counterparts, which generates serious consequences for therapy of biofilm-associated infections. (medscape.com)
Antibiotic9
[ 10 ] Multiple biofilm-specific mechanisms are operated simultaneously in a reversible and transient manner contributing to the high levels of antibiotic resistance of biofilms, and these are distinct from the well-characterized intrinsic resistance mechanisms (e.g., expression of antibiotic-degrading enzymes, inducible decrease in antibiotic influx, inducible increase in antibiotic efflux and alteration in antibiotic target sites) employed by planktonic cells. (medscape.com)
If the time required for an antibiotic to penetrate biofilms is longer than the duration of antibiotic treatment, the slower penetration will explain the antibiotic resistance. (medscape.com)
and the replenishment of biofilm matrix proceeds at a rate slower than the adsorption/reaction/diffusion of antibiotic molecules. (medscape.com)
Biofilms contain a small reversible subpopulation of so-called persister cells that adopt a slow- or nongrowing lifestyle through the emergence of small colony variants and are highly tolerant to extracellular stresses, such as antibiotic treatment. (medscape.com)
The highly antibiotic-resistant phenotype and ability to form biofilms make S. haemolyticus a difficult pathogen to treat. (wikipedia.org)
The antibiotic minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined for ten antimicrobial compounds, along with the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) and minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC), followed by PCR identification of genetic determinants of biofilm production and antimicrobial resistance. (biomedcentral.com)
The results suggest that the antibiotic susceptibility patterns cannot be applied to biofilm established infections. (biomedcentral.com)
We have developed a preclinical glycopeptide antibiotic, MCC5145, that has excellent potency (MIC90 ≤ 0.06 μg/ml) against hundreds of isolates of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and other Gram-positive bacteria, with a greater than 1000-fold margin over mammalian cell cytotoxicity values. (edu.au)
AMR families of the resistance mechanism of antibiotic target alteration included glycopeptide resistance gene cluster (for vanRO gene), rifamycin-resistant beta-subunit of RNA polymerase (for rpoB2 gene) and antibiotic-resistant isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase (for ileS gene). (springeropen.com)
Anti-biofilm agents2
The microbial community is also a natural source of metabolites and has the potential to be used to create antimicrobial and anti-biofilm agents. (frontiersin.org)
The concentration of the chemicals tested as anti-biofilm agents was chosen based on cytotoxicity assays: the highest non-cytotoxic chemical concentration was used for biofilm inhibition assays, with dendrimer concentration 10-fold higher than polyamino-phenolic ligands. (frontiersin.org)
Vancomycin1
MCC5145 also showed improved activity against biofilms compared to vancomycin, both in vitro and in vivo, and a low propensity to select for drug resistance. (edu.au)
Bacterial4
Bacterial ability to form biofilms was verified using a crystal violet colorimetric assay and testing cell viability by real-time quantitative PCR and Plate Count assay. (frontiersin.org)
Bacterial biofilms play an important role in UTIs, responsible for persistent infections leading to recurrences and relapses. (mdpi.com)
Several structural and secreted virulence factors play a role in S. aureus infections, which are multifactorial and depend on bacterial adherence and biofilm formation. (biomedcentral.com)
Viviana Orlandi applies different antibacterial approaches (synthetic and natural disinfectants, photodynamic antibacterial therapy) to control P. aeruginosa grown both as planktonic culture and in adherent community (biofilms) and investigate the bactericidal effect of common disinfectant against bacterial strains isolated from patients with persistent skin infections and the antimicrobial activities of extracts from African plants often used in traditional medicine. (vscht.cz)
Bacteria8
This study focused on the changes in biofilm activity and related metabolic pathways of S. aureus treated with lactic acid bacteria planktonic CFS (LAB-pk-CFS) and biofilm state (LAB-bf-CFS). (frontiersin.org)
However, there have not been many investigations on how pathogenic bacteria are affected by the metabolic properties of planktonic and biofilm probiotics. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we used untargeted metabolomics to investigate the potential impacts of planktonic bacteria (LAB-pk-CFS) and biofilm colonies (LAB-bf-CFS) on the metabolism of S. aureus biofilms. (frontiersin.org)
In this study, the anti-biofilm activity of previously fabricated polyamino-phenolic ligands and polyamidoamine dendrimers was investigated against legionella mono-species and multi-species biofilms formed by L. pneumophila in association with other bacteria that can be found in tap water ( Aeromonas hydrophila , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Escherichia coli , Klebsiella pneumoniae ). (frontiersin.org)
The MIC of antibiotics to biofilm-growing bacteria may be up to 1000-fold higher than that of planktonic bacteria. (medscape.com)
Biofilms are a mixture of complex communities of organisms mostly composed of diverse bacteria that vary depending on the surrounding environmental conditions induced by physical and chemical factors. (intechopen.com)
Observation of biofilms dates back to the seventeenth century when Antonie van Leeuwenhoek observed bacteria from the plaque biofilm of his teeth under his primitive microscope [ 2 ]. (intechopen.com)
Once S. aureus adheres to host tissues, it can form biofilms, which enable its persistence by allowing bacteria to evade host defences, impeding access to certain types of immune cells, such as macrophages, which display incomplete penetration into the biofilm matrix and "frustrated phagocytosis" [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Infections4
The capacity of S. aureus to build biofilms is correlated with the severity of infections ( 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
In this study, we analysed the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of biofilm-producing S. aureus strains isolated from diabetic foot infections. (biomedcentral.com)
Results demonstrate that very high concentrations of the most used antibiotics in treating diabetic foot infections (DFI) are required to inhibit S. aureus biofilms in vitro, which may explain why monotherapy with these agents frequently fails to eradicate biofilm infections. (biomedcentral.com)
Now, with the increasing use of implanted medical equipment, they have become leading pathogens for nosocomial infections owing to their ability to form biofilms on foreign material [1,2]. (dermnetnz.org)
Resistance3
S. aureus produces large biofilm formations that support its pathogenicity and confer protection and subsequently drug resistance ( 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
Alterations of these cross-bridges are implicated in glycopeptide resistance. (wikipedia.org)
CF-Marseille is multidrug resistant, has a hetero-Glycopeptide-Intermediate resistance S. aureus phenotype, grows on Cepacia agar with intense orange pigmentation and has a thickened cell wall. (biomedcentral.com)
Eradication1
The only antibiotics able to inhibit biofilm eradication on 50 % of isolates were ceftaroline and gentamicin. (biomedcentral.com)
Dendrimer1
This article evaluations discoveries pushed by combinatorial library synthesis and screening, together with enantioselective esterase and aldolase enzyme fashions, cobalamin binding and peroxidase dendrimers, glycopeptide dendrimer biofilm inhibitors and their X-ray crystal buildings as complexes with lectins, antimicrobial peptide dendrimers lively in opposition to multidrug resistant Gram-negative micro organism, and transfection reagents for siRNA and CRISPR-Cas9 plasmid DNA. (mckessonbio.com)
Virulence2
citation needed] The ability to adhere to medical devices and subsequently form biofilms is a major virulence factor associated with S. haemolyticus. (wikipedia.org)
Several genes isolated from resistant enterococci ( agg, gelE, ace, cylLLS, esp, cpd, fsrB ) encode virulence factors such as the production of gelatinase and hemolysin, adherence to caco-2 and hep-2 cells, and capacity for biofilm formation. (medscape.com)
Disinfection2
Disinfection methods currently used in water systems have been shown to be ineffective against legionella over the long-term, allowing recolonization by the biofilm-protected microorganisms. (frontiersin.org)
These data suggest that the studied compounds, especially dendrimers, could be considered as novel molecules in the design of research projects aimed at the development of efficacious anti-biofilm disinfection treatments of water systems in order to minimize legionellosis outbreaks. (frontiersin.org)
Bacterium1
Legionnaires' disease is a potentially fatal pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila , an aquatic bacterium often found within the biofilm niche. (frontiersin.org)
Aeruginosa2
The binding of the positively charged aminoglycosides to the negatively charged biofilm matrix polymers of P. aeruginosa will delay the penetration of aminoglycosides, [ 13 ] while the penetration of fluoroquinolones occurs immediately and without delay. (medscape.com)
the effectiveness of fluoroquinolones on biofilm-growing P. aeruginosa is greater when compared with β-lactams, while both fluoroquinolones and β-lactams are less effective against biofilm-growing P. aeruginosa compared to planktonic cells. (medscape.com)
Additionally2
Additionally, it inhibits the physiological traits of the S. aureus biofilm, including hydrophobicity, motility, eDNA, and PIA associated to the biofilm. (frontiersin.org)
Biofilms are complex, highly dynamic, structured ecosystems formed by a community of different microorganisms living attached to inert or living surfaces and embedded in a matrix designated extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). (intechopen.com)
Planktonic cells1
In fact, biofilms were resistant to antibiotics at concentrations 10-1000 times greater than the ones required to kill free-living or planktonic cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Bactericidal1
Biofilm, glycopeptide non permeability , ph lowering sec to lactic acidosis ,bactericidal failure switching to bacteriostatic status quo etc. (jwatch.org)
Proteins2
The differentially expressed genes and proteins linked to S. aureus biofilms have been identified using transcriptomic and proteomic investigations ( 14 - 17 ). (frontiersin.org)
A cohesive structure of a multi‐layer of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) such as polysaccharides and proteins is the base of biofilm structural organization. (intechopen.com)
Polysaccharides1
The biofilm matrix can act as a barrier to delay the diffusion of antibiotics into biofilms [ 11 ] because antibiotics may either react chemically with biofilm matrix components or attach to anionic polysaccharides. (medscape.com)
MRSA1
Patients with MRSA colonization should receive a glycopeptide in addition to standard prophylaxis. (icmphilly.com)
Mechanisms1
Biofilm growth plays an important role during infection by providing defence against several antagonistic mechanisms. (biomedcentral.com)
Aquatic1
Biofilms can be found in a variety of habitats, on free‐living, on the surface of other organisms or inert surfaces, both in aquatic as well as terrestrial environments. (intechopen.com)
Found1
[ 20 ] Starvation is also found in biofilms owing to nutrient consumption by peripheral cells and reduced diffusion of oxygen and nutrients through biofilms. (medscape.com)
Cells1
thereby, the slow growth rates of biofilm-growing cells will render them less susceptible to antibiotics. (medscape.com)
Play1
In biofilms, symbionts play major roles in the relationship among organisms by the production of bioactive molecules involved in quorum sensing signaling. (intechopen.com)
Disease1
Selection of antimicrobial therapy is a critical step in DFI and should aim at overcoming biofilm disease in order to optimize the outcomes of this complex pathology. (biomedcentral.com)
Greater1
The metabolites of S. aureus biofilm treated with LAB-CFS were greater in the LAB-bf-CFS than they were in the LAB-pk-CFS, according to metabolomics studies. (frontiersin.org)