• To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of Nitrofurantoin Capsules, USP (monohydrate/macrocrystals) and other antibacterial drugs, Nitrofurantoin Capsules, USP (monohydrate/macrocrystals) should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by bacteria. (nih.gov)
  • Nitrofurantoin Capsules , USP (monohydrate/macrocrystals)is a hard gelatin capsule shell containing the equivalent of 100 mg of nitrofurantoin in the form of 25 mg of nitrofurantoin macrocrystals and 75 mg of nitrofurantoin monohydrate. (nih.gov)
  • Each Nitrofurantoin Capsules, USP (monohydrate/ macrocrystals) contains two forms of nitrofurantoin. (nih.gov)
  • Based on urinary pharmacokinetic data, the extent and rate of urinary excretion of nitrofurantoin from the 100 mg Nitrofurantoin Capsules, USP (monohydrate/ macrocrystals) are similar to those of the 50 mg or 100 mg nitrofurantoin (macrocrystals) capsule. (nih.gov)
  • Plasma nitrofurantoin concentrations after a single oral dose of the 100 mg Nitrofurantoin Capsules, USP (monohydrate/ macrocrystals) are low, with peak levels usually less than 1 mcg/mL. (nih.gov)
  • There are two formulations of nitrofurantoin: Macrocrystals - (Macrodantin, Furadantin) - 25, 50, or 100 mg capsules - taken once every 6 hours[citation needed] Monohydrate/macrocrystals - (Macrobid) - 100 mg capsules - taken once every 12 hours or 2 times a day (written on prescriptions as BID, which is the last part of the trade name MacroBID). (wikipedia.org)
  • Nitrofurantoin is not recommended for the treatment of pyelonephritis, and intra-abdominal abscess, because of extremely poor tissue penetration and low blood levels. (wikipedia.org)
  • Current uses include the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) and prophylaxis against UTIs in people prone to recurrent UTIs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nitrofurantoin is an anti-infective agent that is FDA approved for the treatment of urinary tract infections when due to susceptible strains of Escherichia coli , enterococci , Staphylococcus aureus , and certain susceptible strains of Klebsiella and Enterobacter species. (wikidoc.org)
  • The efficacy of nitrofurantoin in treating UTIs combined with a low rate of bacterial resistance to this agent makes it one of the first-line agents for treating uncomplicated UTIs as recommended by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the European Society for Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. (wikipedia.org)
  • Antagonism has been demonstrated in vitro between nitrofurantoin and quinolone antimicrobials. (nih.gov)
  • nitrofurantoin decreases effects of BCG vaccine live by pharmacodynamic antagonism. (medscape.com)
  • nitrofurantoin decreases effects of microbiota oral by pharmacodynamic antagonism. (medscape.com)
  • Approximately 20 to 25% of a single dose of nitrofurantoin is recovered from the urine unchanged over 24 hours. (nih.gov)
  • Nitrofurantoin is highly soluble in urine, to which it may impart a brown color. (nih.gov)
  • Nitrofurantoin is bactericidal in urine at therapeutic doses. (nih.gov)
  • While it usually works by slowing bacterial growth, it may result in bacterial death at the high concentrations found in urine. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nitrofurantoin is a nitrofuran antimicrobial agent with activity against certain Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. (nih.gov)
  • The broad-based nature of this mode of action may explain the lack of acquired bacterial resistance to nitrofurantoin, as the necessary multiple and simultaneous mutations of the target macromolecules would likely be lethal to the bacteria. (nih.gov)
  • Many or all strains of the following genera are resistant to nitrofurantoin: Enterobacter Proteus Pseudomonas Antibiotic susceptibility testing should always be performed to further elucidate the resistance profile of the particular strain of bacteria causing infection. (wikipedia.org)
  • Development of resistance to nitrofurantoin has not been a significant problem since its introduction in 1953. (nih.gov)
  • Increasing bacterial antibiotic resistance to other commonly used agents, such as trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and fluoroquinolones, has led to increased interest in using nitrofurantoin. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, the efficacy of nitrofurantoin in treating clinical infections due to these microorganisms has not been established in adequate and well-controlled trials. (fda.gov)
  • Nitrofurantoin is contraindicated in patients with decreased renal function (CrCl (wikipedia.org)
  • Nitrofurantoin is contraindicated in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD) because of risk of intravascular hemolysis resulting in anemia. (wikipedia.org)
  • There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Nitrofurantoin in adult patients. (wikidoc.org)
  • There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non-Guideline-Supported Use of Nitrofurantoin in adult patients. (wikidoc.org)
  • There is limited information regarding FDA-Labeled Use of Nitrofurantoin in pediatric patients. (wikidoc.org)
  • Nitrofurantoin has been shown to have good activity against:[citation needed] E. coli Staphylococcus saprophyticus Coagulase negative staphylococci Enterococcus faecalis Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus agalactiae Citrobacter species Klebsiella species Bacillus subtilis species It is used in the treatment of infections caused by these organisms. (wikipedia.org)
  • NOTE: Some strains of Enterobacter species and Klebsiella species are resistant to nitrofurantoin. (nih.gov)
  • Many or all strains of the following genera are resistant to nitrofurantoin: Enterobacter Proteus Pseudomonas Antibiotic susceptibility testing should always be performed to further elucidate the resistance profile of the particular strain of bacteria causing infection. (wikipedia.org)
  • There are two formulations of nitrofurantoin: Macrocrystals - (Macrodantin, Furadantin) - 25, 50, or 100 mg capsules - taken once every 6 hours[citation needed] Monohydrate/macrocrystals - (Macrobid) - 100 mg capsules - taken once every 12 hours or 2 times a day (written on prescriptions as BID, which is the last part of the trade name MacroBID). (wikipedia.org)
  • Nitrofurantoin has been shown to have good activity against:[citation needed] E. coli Staphylococcus saprophyticus Coagulase negative staphylococci Enterococcus faecalis Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus agalactiae Citrobacter species Klebsiella species Bacillus subtilis species It is used in the treatment of infections caused by these organisms. (wikipedia.org)
  • While it usually works by slowing bacterial growth, it may result in bacterial death at the high concentrations found in urine. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nitrofurantoin, in the form of nitrofurantoin oral suspension, has been shown to be active against most strains of the following bacteria both in vitro and in clinical infections: (See INDICATIONS AND USAGE ). (nih.gov)
  • Nitrofurantoin is not active against most strains of Proteus species or Serratia species. (nih.gov)
  • Nitrofurantoin Oral Suspension, USP is available in 25 mg/5 mL liquid suspension for oral administration. (nih.gov)
  • A report of "Intermediate" indicates that the result should be considered equivocal, and, if the microorganism is not fully susceptible to alternative, clinically feasible drugs, the test should be repeated. (nih.gov)
  • Unlike many drugs, the presence of food or agents delaying gastric emptying can increase the bioavailability of Nitrofurantoin, presumably by allowing better dissolution in gastric juices. (nih.gov)
  • Avoid alcohol and hepatotoxic agents, including herbal supplements and drugs other than bedaquiline and linezolid. (medscape.com)
  • Increasing bacterial antibiotic resistance to other commonly used agents, such as trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and fluoroquinolones, has led to increased interest in using nitrofurantoin. (wikipedia.org)
  • The efficacy of nitrofurantoin in treating UTIs combined with a low rate of bacterial resistance to this agent makes it one of the first-line agents for treating uncomplicated UTIs as recommended by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the European Society for Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. (wikipedia.org)