Binds eukaryotic cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

Several PAR-binding modules orchestrate the relocation of DDR-associated factors in addition to the accumulation of intrinsically disordered proteins through an intracellular liquid demixing mechanism 11 , 12 . (nature.com)
Histones are proteins that keep DNA strands curled up and packed into the cell nucleus. (sciencedaily.com)
Histone H3 is one of the DNA-binding proteins found in the chromatin of all eukaryotic cells. (fishersci.com)
H3 along with four core histone proteins binds to DNA forming the structure of the nucleosome. (fishersci.com)
Enzymes in the cisternae modify these proteins and pack them into vesicles that bud off the Golgi body and transport the proteins to different areas in the cell. (visiblebody.com)
Ribosomes are made mostly of rRNA (ribosomal ribonucleic acid), and bacterial cells contain more than 50 associated proteins, whereas plant and animal cells contain 80 associated proteins. (visiblebody.com)
Proteins synthesized by ribosomes are used by organelles in the cell, by the plasma membrane, or by structures outside the cell. (visiblebody.com)
The Qproteome Nuclear Protein Kit is designed for specific enrichment of nuclear proteins from cultured mammalian cells. (qiagen.com)
A high-salt buffer allows dissociation of nuclear binding proteins (such as transcription factors) and their removal by diffusion from the nuclei. (qiagen.com)
After washing, an extraction buffer is added to the nuclei and nucleic acid binding proteins dissociate from DNA and RNA. (qiagen.com)
This HeLa cell is expressing two fluorescent proteins, including EGFP-CENP-B, a fluorescent protein that marks kinetochores (seen as paired dots oriented parallel to the x-axis and attached to opposit. (cellimagelibrary.org)
They have a single 'room' to perform all the necessary functions of life, namely producing proteins from the instructions stored in DNA, which is the complete set of instructions for building a cell. (yahoo.com)
This protects the DNA and allows the cell to fine-tune the production of proteins necessary to do its job and keep the cell alive. (yahoo.com)
Helps organize proteins for distribution around the cell. (yahoo.com)
We initially used maps statically to generate a database with localization and absolute copy number information for over 8700 proteins from HeLa cells, approaching comprehensive coverage. (elifesciences.org)
Proteins are the tools and machines of the cell, and each organelle has its own set of proteins that it requires to work correctly. (elifesciences.org)
Each cell contains ten or more organelles, and several thousand different types of proteins. (elifesciences.org)
The location of many proteins in a cell is unclear or simply not known. (elifesciences.org)
set out to develop a method that reveals the locations of all the proteins in a cell at any given time. (elifesciences.org)
The resulting technique maps the location of most of the proteins in a human cancer cell line and, in addition, determines how many copies of each protein there are. (elifesciences.org)
The binding activity expressed in embryos was apparently unrelated to human DNA repair damage-recognition proteins XPA、RPA-70 and RPA-32, since those polypeptides recognized by an anti-human XPA、RPA-70 and RPA-32 antibody were detected only in 84-h-old zebrafish extracts. (ncl.edu.tw)
As it binds calcium, calmodulin undergoes conformational changes which can increase its affinity for target proteins. (thermofisher.com)
The Scholars of the Podcast reveal ribosomal proteins encoded in viral genomes, and a protein cell receptor for bat influenza viruses. (virology.ws)
1. The cell biology of MHC class I-restricted antigen processing and presentation: My laboratory continues to explore the forces that drive the extremely rapid MHC class I-restricted presentation of both cytosolic and endoplasmic reticulum-targeted proteins, and how differential processing could impact both the induction and effector phases of CD8+ T cell responses. (upenn.edu)
2. The cell biology of MHC class II-restricted antigen processing and presentation: A generally accepted paradigm in fundamental immunology is that CD4+ T cells recognize peptides derived from exogenous (internalized) sources of antigen while CD8+ recognize peptides derived from endogenous sources of antigen (generally, proteins synthesized within the antigen-presenting cell). (upenn.edu)
Golgi apparatus is the site where proteins produced by the ribosomes on rough endoplasmic reticulum further packaged and modified before releasing out of the cell through exocytosis. (markedbyteachers.com)
The cytoplasmic RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) contains dsRNA binding proteins, including PRKRA, TRBP, and Dicer. (hindawi.com)
Previously, we investigated the localization of several nuage-resident proteins in the nuage structures of spermatogenic cells by immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) [ 22 - 26 ]. (hindawi.com)
In addition, we determined that several nuage proteins localize to spermatogenic cell-specific structures, including mitochondria-associated granules (MAG), granulated bodies (GB), reticulated bodies (RB), and ribosome aggregates (RA) [ 22 - 26 ]. (hindawi.com)
The DNA is wrapped around proteins to form chromatin, which condenses into chromosomes during cell division. (ashdin.com)
This organelle processes and packages proteins and lipids for transport to various destinations within and outside the cell. (ashdin.com)
The Rab family of small GTP-binding proteins has long been implicated in the docking and fusion of transport vesicles with their target membranes. (embl.de)
Individual transport steps are regulated by Ras-like guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, termed Ypt in yeast or Rab in mammals. (embl.de)
There is some redundancy among the 11 Ypt proteins, and only those involved in the biosynthetic pathway are essential for cell viability. (embl.de)
Amino acid sequences typical for guanine nucleotide-binding proteins and characteristic for ypt proteins are perfectly conserved in the mouse ypt1 protein. (embl.de)
We therefore focus on elucidating the roles of the telomere binding proteins in this process. (lu.se)
Cell proteins were analysed with 2-dimensional electrophoresis and differentially expressed proteins were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. (who.int)
Belongs to the eukaryotic cobalamin transport proteins family. (lu.se)

Like a prokaryotic cell, a eukaryotic cell has a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and ribosomes. (coursehero.com)
The origin of the eukaryotic nucleus must indeed be a milestone in the development of the cell itself, considering that it is the defining factor that sets eukaryotic cells apart from the other broad category of cells -- the prokaryotic cell. (sciencedaily.com)
DNA can be localized to a particular cell region, as in the nucleoid of a prokaryotic cell, or it can be contained inside another membrane, such as the nucleus of eukaryotes. (jove.com)
Over time, a smaller prokaryotic cell was engulfed by this larger cell,' says Shanle. (yahoo.com)

A second difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells is thier size. (enotes.com)
The difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells has to do with the little stuff-doing parts of the cell, called organelles. (yahoo.com)

Further, unlike other viruses, it does not construct its own enclosed "viral factory" in the cytoplasm of the cell within which to replicate its DNA and contains none of the genes required to carry out the replication process. (sciencedaily.com)
The cytoplasm forms the inner contents of all cells. (visiblebody.com)
Organelles are specialized subunits in a cell that are contained within the cytoplasm. (visiblebody.com)
A cell has three main parts: the plasma membrane, the cytoplasm, and the nucleus. (visiblebody.com)
The Golgi body (Golgi apparatus, Golgi complex) is a membrane-bound organelle located in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. (visiblebody.com)
Mitochondria are membrane-bound organelles located in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. (visiblebody.com)
This arrangement creates a selectively permeable barrier, enabling the plasma membrane to surround and protect the cytoplasm while allowing the passage of certain materials in and out of the cell. (visiblebody.com)
A living cell has a plasma membrane, a bilayer of lipids that separates the aqueous solution inside the cell called the cytoplasm from the outside environment. (jove.com)
Like a cellular vacuum cleaner, vacuoles patrol the cytoplasm, waiting to engulf any potential threats in their lipid membrane and expel them from the cell. (databasefootball.com)
Since the interior region of a vacuole is separated from the rest of the cytoplasm in the cell, the inside of a vacuole can be used to isolate and remove dangerous substances or entities that may compromise the cell's functioning. (databasefootball.com)
When the central vacuole is full of water, the pressure exerted on the surrounding cytoplasm and cell wall causes the plant to stand upright and remain rigid, as long as it has enough water. (databasefootball.com)
Other functions of the smaller vacuoles include protein transport to different areas of the cell, and maintaining the pH of the cell's cytoplasm by controlling the flow of H+ ions in and out of the cell. (databasefootball.com)
Mammalian cells are one of the two types of eukaryotic cells, in which contains many internal membrane bounded structures called organelles, they are separated into different groups in order to increase their efficiency at bringing out particular function, and this is called compartmentalization, however there is processes that requires different organelles working together in order to take place, such as respiration (involves the cytoplasm and mitochondria) and Protein Synthesis (Nucleus, Ribosomes). (markedbyteachers.com)
Ribosomes exist within the cell as free ribosomes that free floats within the cytoplasm or fixed ribosomes that are attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum. (markedbyteachers.com)
Ones found freely in cytoplasm or as part of the Rough endopl-asmic reticulum in Eukaryotic cells. (cheatography.com)
A typical eukaryotic nucleus is separated from cytoplasm by nuclear membrane. (preservearticles.com)
In the mature plant cell, with the formation of the vacuole, it lies in the lining layer of the cytoplasm. (preservearticles.com)

The defining membrane-bound structure that sets eukaryotic cells apart from prokaryotic cells is the nucleus, or nuclear envelope, within which the genetic material is carried. (enotes.com)

Eukaryotic cells are larger than prokaryotic cells and have a "true" nucleus, membrane-bound organelles, and rod-shaped chromosomes. (coursehero.com)
The Origin Recognition Complex (ORC) binds to sites in chromosomes to specify the location of origins of DNA replication. (imperial.ac.uk)
Chromosomes are made of a material called chromatin, which is dispersed throughout the cell nucleus during interphase. (visionlearning.com)
In Cell Division I: The Cell Cycle , we learned that Flemming observed how chromosomes became visible in patterns that repeated each time the cells of fire salamanders divided. (visionlearning.com)
it contains the DNA information (chromosomes) of the cell and is the site where DNA replication and RNA transcription take place, while the nucleolus is located in the centre of the nucleus containing ribosomes in various stages of synthesis, the nucleolus is also responsible for the manufacture of the ribosomes. (markedbyteachers.com)
Mitosis results in two identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. (ashdin.com)
Meiosis, which occurs in specialized cells, produces gametes (sperm and egg cells) with half the number of chromosomes, allowing for genetic diversity during sexual reproduction. (ashdin.com)
The telomeres are the DNA-protein structures at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, which serve to protect and stabilize the genome. (lu.se)

Having complex cells in which the genetic material is organized into membrane-bound nuclei. (coursehero.com)
An exchange of genetic material that occurred when ancient giant viruses infected ancient eukaryotic cells could have caused the nucleus of the eukaryotic cell -- its defining feature -- to form. (sciencedaily.com)
They must enter a "host" cell and use that cell's machinery to replicate its genetic material, and therefore multiply. (sciencedaily.com)
The nucleus is a large membrane-bound organelle that contains the genetic information of eukaryotic cells. (visiblebody.com)
Furthermore, a living cell possesses genetic information encoded in the form of DNA. (jove.com)
But what all these life forms have in common is that their genetic code is copied from cell to cell thanks to the process of mitosis, whereby the nucleus of a cell splits into two before the cell divides. (visionlearning.com)
Genetic material is not packaged within a membra-ne--bound nucleus and is usually circular. (cheatography.com)
In both genetic and diet-induced models of insulin resistance, CHOP deficiency improved β cell ultrastructure and promoted cell survival. (jci.org)
Organisms amenable to easy genetic analysis should prove helpful in assessing the function of at least those proto-oncogene products which are highly conserved in different eukaryotic cells. (embl.de)
Hematopoietic stem cell lineage choices are decided by genetic networks that are turned ON/OFF in a switch-like manner. (lu.se)

Instead of going through elaborate replication processes like eukaryotes (mitosis and meiosis), bacterial cells divide by binary fission. (enotes.com)
And though some eukaryotes are single-celled - think amoebas and paramecium - there are no prokaryotes that have more than one cell. (yahoo.com)
One reason this analogy is helpful is because all cells, both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, are surrounded by a selectively permeable membrane which allows only certain molecules to get in and out - much like the windows and doors of our home. (yahoo.com)
Throughout the 19th century, as microscopes developed, scientists had been seeing clues of structures in dividing cells of eukaryotes . (visionlearning.com)

The most widely accepted theories that have emerged state that the eukaryotic cell is the evolutionary product of the intracellular evolution of proto-eukaryotic cells, which were the first complex cells, and symbiotic relationships between proto-eukaryotic cells and other unicellular and simpler organisms such as bacteria and archaea. (sciencedaily.com)
Vacuoles are membrane-bound organelles found in the cells of both eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms . (databasefootball.com)
According to scientists, the world is split into two kinds of organisms - prokaryotic vs. eukaryotic - which have two different types of cells . (yahoo.com)
Some organisms consist of only one measly cell, but even so, that cell will either be either prokaryotic or eukaryotic. (yahoo.com)
Many eukaryotic organisms are made up of multiple cell types, each containing the same set of DNA blueprints, but which perform different functions,' says Shanle. (yahoo.com)
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are a subclass of glycolipids that are found in cell membranes of various organisms ranging from bacteria to humans. (springer.com)
Eukaryotic cells form the basis of multicellular organisms and play a critical role in maintaining the complexity of life. (ashdin.com)
The diversity of eukaryotic life forms, from towering trees to microscopic organisms, owes its existence to the flexibility and adaptability of eukaryotic cell. (ashdin.com)
Model organisms such as yeast, fruit flies, and worms have advanced the study of genomics, eukaryotic biology, and evolution. (cshlpress.com)

In the recent decades, with exponential advancement in the fields of genomics, molecular biology, and virology, several scientists on this quest have taken to looking into the evolutionary twists and turns that have resulted in eukaryotic cells, the type of cell that makes up most life forms today. (sciencedaily.com)
Dynamic Organellar Maps enable the proteome-wide analysis of physiological protein movements, without requiring any reagents specific to the investigated process, and will thus be widely applicable in cell biology. (elifesciences.org)
Cold Spring Harbor, NY -- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (CSHLP) announced the release of The Digital Cell: Cell Biology as a Data Science, available on its website in hardcover format. (cshlpress.com)

Because a eukaryotic cell's nucleus is surrounded by a membrane, it is often said to have a "true nucleus. (coursehero.com)
For example, DNA is stored, replicated and processed in the eukaryotic cell's nucleus, which is itself surrounded by a selectively permeable membrane. (yahoo.com)

A eukaryotic cell has a true membrane-bound nucleus and has other membranous organelles that allow for compartmentalization of functions. (coursehero.com)
These organelles are often called the "energy factories" of a cell because they are responsible for making adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the cell's main energy-carrying molecule, by conducting cellular respiration. (coursehero.com)
All of these organelles are found in each and every eukaryotic cell. (coursehero.com)
While all eukaryotic cells contain the aforementioned organelles and structures, there are some striking differences between animal and plant cells. (coursehero.com)
The eukaryotic cell is neatly compartmentalized into membrane-bound organelles that perform various functions. (sciencedaily.com)
Cells contain a large number of small organelles called ribosomes. (visiblebody.com)
Prokaryotic cells are simpler and lack the eukaryote's membrane-bound organelles and nucleus, which encapsulate the cell's DNA. (yahoo.com)
In contrast, eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles that are used to separate all these processes, which means the kitchen is separate from the master bathroom - there are dozens of walled-off rooms, all of which serve a different function in the cell. (yahoo.com)
The interior of every cell is highly organised, and contains many compartments, called organelles, that are dedicated to specific roles. (elifesciences.org)
The hallmark of eukaryotic cells is their compartmentalization into distinct membrane-bound organelles. (elifesciences.org)
In this essay I would like to talk about the compartmentalisation of the cell and some important processes happen within the cell that requires the corporation of different organelles. (markedbyteachers.com)
One of the hallmarks of eukaryotic cells are their membrane-bound organelles that create biochemically distinct environments within the cellular milieu. (bifonds.de)
Organelles enable a diversification of functions that is extremely beneficial to the cell. (bifonds.de)
Russell and Frank [ 19 ] classified the nuage of spermatogenic cells into six different types according to its morphology and relationship with other surrounding organelles. (hindawi.com)
Eukaryotic cells are distinguished from their simpler counterparts, prokaryotic cells, by their membrane-bound organelles, nucleus, and intricate internal organization. (ashdin.com)
Eukaryotic cells are defined by their structural complexity, comprising numerous membrane-bound organelles that compartmentalize different cellular processes. (ashdin.com)
Through its membrane-bound organelles, specialized functions, and remarkable communication systems, the eukaryotic cell enables the diversity and vitality of life forms across the planet. (ashdin.com)

Typically, the nucleus is the most prominent organelle in a cell. (coursehero.com)
The membrane-bound nucleus is the most prominent feature of the eucaryotic cells. (preservearticles.com)

Mitochondria generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-the cell's main source of energy-via aerobic respiration, and as a result, they are known as the "power plants" of the cell. (visiblebody.com)
Known as the "powerhouses of the cell," mitochondria are responsible for energy production through cellular respiration. (ashdin.com)

These cells have few internal structures that are distinguishable under a microscope. (enotes.com)
UV-binding factors found in 12-h-old zebrafish embryos may be involved in processing developmental stage-specific DNA structures similar to UV-damage DNA. (ncl.edu.tw)
Scientists in the preceding years had already been seeing faint structures in cells , but their dyes were not good enough to reveal what any of these structures did. (visionlearning.com)
Unfortunately, the dyes killed the cells, and since the structures under the microscope were difficult to see as it was, Flemming's forerunners weren't sure they were seeing anything characteristic of a live, functional cell. (visionlearning.com)
The eukaryotic cell stands as one of the most intricate and remarkable structures in the biological world. (ashdin.com)
Based on a comparison of new U2AF(65) structures bound to either A- or G-containing Py tracts with previously identified pyrimidine-containing structures, we expected to find that a D231V amino acid change in U2AF(65) would specify U over other nucleotides. (rcsb.org)
Cell Navigator™ cell staining kits, a complete set of tools for selectively labelling subcellular structures of live, fixed and dead cells. (stratech.co.uk)

Calmodulin is a small, highly conserved calcium binding protein found in all eukaryotic cells. (thermofisher.com)

While the contribution of these mechanisms to cell and tissue identity is widely accepted, their role in physiological and pathological contexts within tissues is just beginning to be appreciated. (imperial.ac.uk)
Somatic mutations accumulate in all cells as we age - these mutations begin to accumulate from the moment of conception and continue steadily throughout life in all tissues, even post-mitotic cells. (bifonds.de)
The miR-29a-3p level was decreased, and PTEN level was elevated in laryngocarcinoma tissues and the cancer cell lines. (hindawi.com)
For the analysis of GSLs, they are extracted from tissues and cells using organic solvents. (springer.com)
They enable specialization and division of labor among different cell types within an organism, leading to the development of tissues, organs, and systems. (ashdin.com)
The effects of Shiga toxin 1 and Shiga toxin 2 have been shown to vary with cell type because Gb3 receptors are present in certain tissues, particularly sensory neurons and renal cells. (listlabs.com)
Two mRNAs of 1600 and 3200 nucleotides, originating from the mouse ypt1 gene and differing in the length of their 3'-non-translated region, were identified in mouse F9 cells and in all mouse tissues examined. (embl.de)

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of membrane-enclosed sacs and tubules in a cell. (visiblebody.com)
An animation that takes the viewer inside a mammalian cell where one can see the nucleus and its characteristic envelope connected to the endoplasmic reticulum. (cellimagelibrary.org)
Recent studies indicate that nutrient fluctuations and insulin resistance increase proinsulin synthesis in β cells beyond the capacity for folding of nascent polypeptides within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen, thereby disrupting ER homeostasis and triggering the unfolded protein response (UPR). (jci.org)

Two kinds of prokarytoic cells are bacteria and cyanobacteria. (enotes.com)
Bacteria and archaea are prokaryotic cells. (sciencedaily.com)
1993). Accordingly, specific LF-binding microbial targets exist in a variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (Naidu et al. (ift.org)
The simplest cells such as bacteria are known as Prokaryotic cells, and human cells are known as Eukaryotic cells. (bartleby.com)
What kinds of cell walls do Bacteria usually have? (freezingblue.com)
Bacteria typically have rigid cell walls. (freezingblue.com)
Do Bacteria have Petidoglycan in their cell walls? (freezingblue.com)

Other than the fact that vacuoles are somewhat larger than vesicles, there is a very subtle distinction between them: the membranes of vesicles can fuse with either the plasma membrane or other membrane systems within the cell. (coursehero.com)
Viruses that infect eukaryotic cells typically bind to a plasma membrane receptor to initiate the reproduction cycle. (virology.ws)
Mammalian cells are different to Plant cells (which are also eukaryotic), they do not have a cellulose cell wall, and they are bounded by only plasma membrane, so they are sensitive to Osmotic lysis (the bursting or rupturing of the plasma membrane due to osmotic movement of water into the cell when the cell is in a hypotonic environment. (markedbyteachers.com)

The 2001 hypothesis by Prof Takemura and PJ Bell is based on striking similarities between the eukaryotic cell nucleus and poxviruses: in particular, the property of keeping the genome separate in a compartment. (sciencedaily.com)
Hence, the proportion of introns in the LECA genome is considerably greater than in contemporary eukaryotic lineages, excluding some vertebrates (Figure.1). (bartleby.com)

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E is a cellular target for toxicity and death due to exposure to cadmium chloride. (cdc.gov)
Whether translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), the mRNA cap binding and rate-limiting factor required for translation, is a target for cytotoxicity and cell death induced by cadmium , a human carcinogen, was investigated. (cdc.gov)

The structure "C" refers to the nucleus, which is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells. (proprofs.com)
It is the principal organelle of the cell. (preservearticles.com)
The difference between Nucleus and Chromosome are Nucleus is a cell organelle Chromosome whereas is present in the nucleus. (preservearticles.com)

A particle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heterologous polypeptide has specific binding affinity for a cognate receptor on die surface of an eukaryotic cell, binding to which does not allow infection of the cell by the viral particle. (sumobrain.com)
S. P. Saville, A. L. Lazzell, C. Monteagudo and J. L. Lopez-Ribot, "Engineered Control of Cell Morphology in Vivo Reveals Distinct Roles for Yeast and Filamentous Forms of C. albicans during Infection," Eukaryotic Cell, Vol. 2, No. 5, 2003, pp. 1053-1060. (scirp.org)
The elimination of microtubules in human HEp-2 cells prior to C. pneumoniae infection profoundly attenuated the infection efficiency, demonstrating the need for microtubules for the early infection processes. (bvsalud.org)
Furthermore, CPn0443-transfected U2OS cells had a significantly reduced infection rate by C. pneumoniae EBs. (bvsalud.org)
Consistent with immunological imprinting, most antibodies derived from memory B cells or plasma cells of Omicron breakthrough cases cross-react with the Wuhan-Hu-1, BA.1, BA.2, and BA.4/5 receptor-binding domains whereas Omicron primary infections elicit B cells of narrow specificity up to 6 months post infection. (cdc.gov)

Prokaryotic cells do not contain such compartmentalization. (sciencedaily.com)

In a way, Prof Takemura's hypothesis has its roots in 2001 when, along with PJ Bell, he made the revolutionary proposal that large DNA viruses, like the poxvirus, had something to do with the rise of the eukaryotic cell nucleus. (sciencedaily.com)
Independent phylogenetic analyses suggested that genes had been transferred between these viruses and eukaryotic cells as they interacted at various points down the evolutionary road, in a process called "lateral gene transfer. (sciencedaily.com)

A specialized structure found inside cells that carries out a specific life process (e.g. ribosomes, vacuoles). (coursehero.com)

A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of an organism and is often called the "building block of life. (visiblebody.com)
Cells are the smallest and basic units of life, whether it is a single cell that forms the entire organism, e.g., in a bacterium or trillions of them, e.g., in humans. (jove.com)
No matter what organism a cell is a part of, they share specific characteristics. (jove.com)
An organism or other agent that can only multiply inside living cells. (freezingblue.com)
We are using the yeast model organism Saccharomyces castellii, which has telomere traits and telomerase activity that are highly similar to human cells. (lu.se)

Post translationally, histones are modified in a variety of ways to either directly change the chromatin structure or allow for the binding of specific transcription factors. (fishersci.com)

Here we report the cryo-EM structure at 3.3 Å resolution of the yeast ORC-Cdc6 bound to an 85-bp ARS1 origin DNA. (imperial.ac.uk)
The ras-related ypt protein is an ubiquitous eukaryotic protein: isolation and sequence analysis of mouse cDNA clones highly homologous to the yeast YPT1 gene. (embl.de)
The YPT1 gene of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae codes for a guanine nucleotide-binding protein which is essential for cell viability. (embl.de)
Using as hybridization probe cloned yeast YPT1 gene sequences, we have isolated from cDNA libraries prepared from RNA of mouse F9 and C3H10T1/2 cells several overlapping cDNA clones with identical sequence in the regions of overlap. (embl.de)
A monoclonal antibody specifically recognizing the 23.5-kd yeast YPT1 protein cross-reacted with a protein of identical size on protein blots of mouse, rat, pig, bovine and human cell lines. (embl.de)
CPn0443 bound and bundled microtubules in vitro and co-localized partially with microtubules in vivo in yeast and human cells. (bvsalud.org)

The cellular response to DNA damage involves an intricate network of enzymes responsible for sensing, signaling, and repairing damaged DNA, as well as the regulation of cell cycle checkpoints that collectively maintain genomic integrity 2 . (nature.com)
Vacuoles also serve to contain and transport materials necessary for the cells functioning, like a cellular delivery service. (databasefootball.com)
The nucleus plays a vital role in cell division, gene expression, and the overall regulation of cellular functions. (proprofs.com)
However, it also creates the cell's most severe problem - how to ensure successful communication between membrane-bound entities to coordinate cellular function. (bifonds.de)
Cell Meter™ cellular functional assay kits, a complete set of tools for functional analysis of cellular events. (stratech.co.uk)
Screen Quest™ assay kits, a set of HTS-ready tools for high throughput screening of biochemical and cellular targets such as protein kinases, proteases, HDAC, cell apoptosis and cytoxicity, GPCR, ion channels, ADME/metabolism and transporters. (stratech.co.uk)
Normal cellular ageing involves the shortening of telomeres in each cell division. (lu.se)
Exposure of cells to cadmium , as well as the specific silencing of eIF4E gene, also resulted in decreased cellular levels of cyclin D1, a critical cell cycle and growth regulating gene, suggesting that the observed inhibition of cyclin D1 gene expression in the cadmium -treated cells is most likely due to decreased cellular level of eIF4E. (cdc.gov)
Taken together, our results demonstrate that the exposure of cells to cadmium chloride resulted in cytotoxicity and cell death due to enhanced ubiquitination and consequent proteolysis of eIF4E protein, which in turn diminished cellular levels of critical genes such as cyclin D1. (cdc.gov)
A marked host inflammatory reaction characterized by local accumulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, lymphocytes, and plasma cells is associated with these areas of cellular destruction. (medscape.com)

It was also recently shown that PARP-1 is a sensor of unligated Okazaki fragments during DNA replication 16 and cells deficient in ribonucleotide excision repair are sensitized to PARP inhibition 17 . (nature.com)
A third difference between the two types of cells are their replication processes. (enotes.com)
The S. cerevisiae ORC binds to specific DNA sequences throughout the cell cycle but becomes active only when it binds to the replication initiator Cdc6. (imperial.ac.uk)
The results illuminate the molecular mechanism of a critical biochemical step in the licensing of eukaryotic replication origins. (imperial.ac.uk)

Animal cells usually have one or several Golgi bodies, whereas plant cells can have hundreds. (visiblebody.com)
Each Golgi body contains stacks of small, flattened, membrane-bound sacs called cisternae. (visiblebody.com)
COP-I beta1 (green) staining at the Golgi (GM130, a cis-Golgi marker) (red), is redistributed out of the Golgi after EGF treatment of HeLa cells for 4 h. (cellimagelibrary.org)
GalNac-T1 staining (green) colocalizes with COP-I beta1 (red) staining at the Golgi (HPL) (gray) in unstimulated HeLa cells. (cellimagelibrary.org)
After EGF stimulation for 4 h, Helix Pomatia Lectin (HPL) (green) in HeLa cells expressing constitutively active mutant Arf1-GFP (Arf1(Q71L)-GFP) (gray) resists redistribution from Golgi (Giantin) (re. (cellimagelibrary.org)

By the time we reach 70 years of age, our bodies will carry in the order of 100 quadrillion somatic mutations, generating huge clonal diversity among cells, providing the substrate for selective processes to enhance or suppress the growth of individual somatic clones. (bifonds.de)
RISC assembles into processing bodies (P-bodies) which are specific cytoplasmic foci in somatic eukaryotic cells [ 7 - 9 ]. (hindawi.com)

We conclude that reduced U2AF(65) binding is a molecular consequence of disease-relevant mutations, and that a structure-guided U2AF(65) variant is capable of manipulating gene expression in eukaryotic cells. (rcsb.org)
Treatment with the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-Î³ agonist rosiglitazone or the PPARα agonist fenofibrate decreased the number of foam cells induced by Cpn, while the PPARÎ³ antagonist GW9662, the PPARα antagonist MK886, or PPARα/Î³ siRNAs enhanced the effect of Cpn on foam cell formation and gene expression of SR-A1, ACAT1, and ABCA1/G1. (bvsalud.org)

Rhizoxin binds beta tubulin in eukaryotic cells disrupting microtubule formation. (wikipedia.org)

Although they possess many valuable roles this does not explain the ubiquity of introns within eukaryotic genomes. (bartleby.com)

Their structural features include inner and outer membranes that bound an intermembrane space. (genetex.com)
Such magnetic relaxation dispersion (MRD1) structural polymorphism of quadruplexes ( 2, 5, 6 ), but little measurements have been used to study ion binding (via 23Na is known about the energetics and kinetics of ion binding. (lu.se)

In this way, all cells maintain internal homeostasis , or stability. (yahoo.com)
These processes enable cells to respond to external stimuli, regulate growth, and maintain homeostasis. (ashdin.com)

With the capacity to bind up to four calcium ions, this 17 kDa protein acts as an important intracellular receptor for regulatory calcium signals. (thermofisher.com)
Recepteur d'origine nantais (RON) is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) normally expressed at low levels in epithelial cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
The results clearly highlight the influence of the different fatty acids of the Gb 3 sphingolipids on the phase behaviour and the binding properties of Shiga toxin B subunits, even though the membranes were only doped with 5 mol% of the receptor lipid. (springer.com)
Shiga toxins, also called verotoxins, consists of two domains: the A polypeptide confers the activity, and the B polypeptide pentamer confers the receptor-specific binding. (listlabs.com)
The B polypeptide forms a pentamer that binds to the eukaryotic cell receptor globotriaosylceramide (Gb3). (listlabs.com)
Shiga toxins then enter the cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis. (listlabs.com)
In those cell types, the receptor concentration and binding is modulated by factors such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukins, and fatty acid content of the membranes. (listlabs.com)
A particle according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the heterologous polypeptide sterically hinders binding of d e viral glycoprotein to its cognate receptor on the eukaryotic cell. (sumobrain.com)
A particle acording to claim 11 , wherein the protease cleavage site becomes accessible after the heterologous polypeptide has bound to its cognate receptor on the eukaryotic cell. (sumobrain.com)
The present study showed that in LDL-treated THP-1-derived macrophages, Cpn not only upregulated the expression of scavenger receptor A1 (SR-A1) and acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase 1 (ACAT1), but it also downregulated the expression of ATP binding cassette transporters (ABCA1 and ABCG1) at both the mRNA and protein levels. (bvsalud.org)

These are extremely hazardous for a cell, because if left unrepaired, DSBs can have pathological consequences, such as cell death, or drive cells to genomic instability and tumor development. (nature.com)

Lysis and centrifugation are used to separate the cytosolic fraction (supernatant) from the cell nuclei (pellet). (qiagen.com)
Cells are lysed and centrifuged to isolate nuclei. (qiagen.com)
The term mitosis refers specifically to the process whereby the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell splits into two identical daughter nuclei prior to cell division. (visionlearning.com)

Vesicles and vacuoles are membrane-bound sacs that function in storage and transport. (coursehero.com)

Maturation occurs in the cell membrane resulting in a 180-kDa heterodimeric protein composed of a 40-kDa α-chain and a 150-kDa transmembrane β-chain with intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity ( 5 , 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
PRKRA, a protein kinase, interferon-inducible double stranded RNA dependent activator protein kinase, also known as PACT, a protein activator of the interferon-induced protein kinase, is a product of PRKRA gene [ 1 , 2 ] and is a member of the dsRNA binding protein family [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)

A particle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heterologous polypeptide has no specific binding affinity for a eukaryotic cell surface component. (sumobrain.com)
A particle according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein heterologous polypeptide sterically hinders fusion of an enveloped viral particle with an eukaryotic cell to which it is bound. (sumobrain.com)

Homologous recombination occurs in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells during meiosis crossover and horizontal gene transfer, respectively. (helsinki.fi)
The rate at which mitosis occurs depends on the cell type. (visionlearning.com)
In occurs through the inhibition of DNA binding of cognate cis- hematopoiesis there exist several lineage branch points with regulatory motif while in the other case DNA binding is unaffected identified key transcription factors and external signals [3-5]. (lu.se)

Being typically a minor component of the cell membrane, they are of utmost importance for biological functions that rely on lipid-lipid and lipid-protein interactions (Schnaar and Kinoshita 2015 ). (springer.com)

They interact with each other and their environment through a variety of pathways, including cell-surface receptors, ligands, and signal transduction cascades. (ashdin.com)
Most toxins bind to specific target cell receptors. (msdmanuals.com)

MiR-29a-3p was enriched in hBMSC-derived Exo, and the Exo from miR-29a-3p mimics transfected hBMSCs could inhibit laryngocarcinoma cell malignant phenotypes in vitro and prevent tumor progression in vivo . (hindawi.com)

Helix Pomatia Lectin (HPL) binds various glycans but the Tn antigen in part. (cellimagelibrary.org)
I have had a longstanding interest in MHC class II-bound peptides derived from endogenous sources of antigen. (upenn.edu)
No amount of exogenous, inactivated virus, displaying abundant amounts of NA at the virion surface, could be converted to class II-bound peptide by antigen-presenting B cells. (upenn.edu)
Many microorganisms have mechanisms that impair antibody production by inducing suppressor cells, blocking antigen processing, and inhibiting lymphocyte mitogenesis. (msdmanuals.com)

Recently, the sterol regulatory element binding protein SrbA was found to be essential for adaptation to iron starvation, thereby linking regulation of iron metabolism, ergosterol biosynthesis, azole drug resistance, and hypoxia adaptation. (frontiersin.org)
Studies have found that calmodulin participates in the regulation of several biological processes including energy and biosynthetic metabolism, cell motility, exocytosis, cytoskeletal assembly, and intracellular modulation of both cAMP and calcium concentrations. (thermofisher.com)

Eukaryotic cells undergo two main types of cell division: Mitosis and meiosis. (ashdin.com)

The nucleus stores information in the form of DNA and controls the activities of the cell by selectively transcribing RNA, which exits via the nuclear pores. (visiblebody.com)
The Qproteome Nuclear Protein Kit delivers a nucleic acid binding protein fraction suitable for a wide range of activity assays. (qiagen.com)
Eukaryotic cells (from the Greek meaning truly nuclear) can be easily distinguished through a membrane-bound nucleus. (markedbyteachers.com)

Animal cells have a centrosome and lysosomes while plant cells do not. (coursehero.com)
Plant cells have a cell wall, a large central vacuole, chloroplasts, and other specialized plastids, whereas animal cells do not. (coursehero.com)
Most plant cells have a single central vacuole which takes up to 30% of the individual cell's volume and many species of plants have different kinds of vacuoles, each specialized to serve a different functional role. (databasefootball.com)
Animals cells tend to have a larger number of individual vacuoles than plant cells, although some animal cells tend to have no vacuoles at all, such as muscle or brain cells. (databasefootball.com)
Since vacuoles have a different character in plant and animal cells, they also tend to play different roles in plant and animal cells. (databasefootball.com)
For example, the large central vacuole in a plant cell performs two major roles, it stores waste and they help the plant remain upright. (databasefootball.com)
Animal cells have a larger amount of vacuoles than plant cells, but they are much smaller. (databasefootball.com)
Animal cells lack the thick cell wall that plant cells have, so there is no need for a central vacuole to exert pressure on the surrounding cell. (databasefootball.com)

Its ability to bind two Fe +3 ions with high affinity, in cooperation with two HCO 3 - ions, contributes to its major structure-functional properties, including antimicrobial activity. (ift.org)

The lipid bilayer serves two main functions: (1) it keeps the enzymatic solution and any solid waste the vacuole might engulf contained and separate from the rest of the cell and (2), the lipid bilayer is selectively permeable, and controls which things go in and out of the vacuole. (databasefootball.com)

Specificity of binding was demonstrated by addition of a 10x excess of non-biotinylated oligo that was able to displace the transcription factor. (qiagen.com)
Whereas the trisaccharidic head group of Gb 3 defines the specificity of Shiga toxin binding, the lipophilic part composed of sphingosine and different fatty acids is suggested to determine its localization within membranes impacting membrane organisation and protein binding eventually leading to protein internalisation. (springer.com)

Prof Takemura further explains the reasons for his inquiry into the nucleus of the eukaryotic cell as such: "Although the structure, function, and various biological functions of the cell nucleus have been intensively investigated, the evolutionary origin of the cell nucleus, a milestone of eukaryotic evolution, remains unclear. (sciencedaily.com)
This article delves into the fascinating world of eukaryotic cells, highlighting their structure, functions, and significance in the grand tapestry of life. (ashdin.com)
The difference between Nucleus and Nucleolus is that Nucleus is a large spherical structure present in the cell whereas Nucleolus is very small and is present inside the nucleus. (preservearticles.com)
The prominent spherical structure present within a living cell is the nucleus, which is controlling center of the cell. (preservearticles.com)

A biotinylated DNA oligo containing a specific transcription-factor binding sequence was immobilized on a streptavidin-coated 96-well plate. (qiagen.com)
NX1 extraction buffer (Blank) or 10 µg nucleic acid binding protein fraction was added, washed, and detected colorimetrically in an ELISA procedure using a transcription-factor specific antibody. (qiagen.com)
Unlike the embryonic extract, the extracts of 84-h-old larvae produced only low-shifting binding complexes when incubated with a CPD-specific probe. (ncl.edu.tw)
On the other hand, there are specific cytoplasmic foci similar to the P-bodies in spermatogenic cells, which are called nuage [ 15 - 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
However, capsule-specific opsonic antibodies can bind to the bacterial capsule and facilitate phagocytosis. (msdmanuals.com)
Similarly, specific silencing of the expression of the eIF4E gene, caused by a small interfering RNA, resulted in significant cytotoxicity and cell death. (cdc.gov)

Conserved transcription factor-binding sites within promoter regions of human RON genes were then searched. (spandidos-publications.com)
We therefore suggest a new mechanism involving a cofactor that is regulated as well as recruited by one of the master genes to bind to the antagonistic partner that is necessary for bistability and hence switch-like behavior. (lu.se)
However, prior to commitment, it has been cells, it is evident that GATA-1 and PU.1 are able to specify observed that many genes are expressed at intermediate or basal erythroid and myeloid cell fates (see [16] and references therein). (lu.se)

Vacuoles play many roles but primarily function to protect the cell from potential harms. (databasefootball.com)
Vacuoles consist of a solution of enzymes and other organic components surrounded by a bilipid membrane, just like the outer membrane of the larger cell . (databasefootball.com)
Vacuoles in animal cells mainly facilitate exocytosis and endocytosis. (databasefootball.com)
During endocytosis (meaning "inside the cell" the vacuoles capture materials that diffuse across the outer membrane, and shuttles them where they are needed in the cell. (databasefootball.com)

In eukaryotic cells, protein transport through the secretory and endocytic pathways is mediated by vesicular intermediates. (embl.de)

They are found in the nucleus of cells and play a crucial role in the inheritance and transmission of traits from one generation to another. (proprofs.com)
We have found that a variety of endogenous processing pathways are the major drivers of the primary CD4+ T cell response to influenza and also rabies. (upenn.edu)
RON was found to be primarily expressed in cells of epithelial origin such as colon, breast and skin ( 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
We assessed the effect of Chop deletion in multiple mouse models of type 2 diabetes and found that Chop -/- mice had improved glycemic control and expanded β cell mass in all conditions analyzed. (jci.org)

Exosome (Exo) (30-200 nm) is a small single-membrane vesicle and exists in almost all mammalian cells [ 12 , 13 ]. (hindawi.com)

Attachment of bacteriophages to bacterial cells is more diverse. (virology.ws)

Anatomy33

Organisms23

Chemicals and Drugs93

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment23

Phenomena and Processes85

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Health Care1

Proteins38

Prokaryotic cell4

Difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells2

Cytoplasm17

Sets eukaryotic cells apart1

Chromosomes8

Genetic10

Eukaryotes4

Organisms9

Biology3

Cell's nucleus2

Organelles17

Nucleus is the most prominent2

Mitochondria2

Structures7

Highly conserved1

Tissues7

Endoplasmic reticulum3

Bacteria7

Plasma membrane3

Genome2

Translation initiation factor2

Organelle3

Infection5

Compartmentalization1

Viruses2

Ribosomes1

Organism5

Chromatin1

Yeast6

Cellular10

Replication4

Golgi5

Somatic2

Gene expression2

Microtubule1

Genomes1

Structural2

Homeostasis2

Receptor10

Genomic1

Nuclei3

Membrane-bound sacs1

Kinase2

Polypeptide2

Occurs3

Typically1

Receptors2

Tumor1

Antigen4

Metabolism2

Meiosis1

Nuclear3

Plant8

Affinity1

Selectively1

Specificity2

Structure4

Specific6

Genes3

Vacuoles4

Protein transport1

Found4

Mammalian1

Bacterial cells1