• Kinesin motor proteins use adenosine triphosphate hydrolysis to do work on microtubules (MTs). (silverchair.com)
  • Dyneins are a family of cytoskeletal motor proteins that move along microtubules in cells . (wikipedia.org)
  • In contrast, most kinesin motor proteins move toward the microtubules' plus-end, in what is called anterograde transport . (wikipedia.org)
  • Intracellular transport of lysosomes is carried out in membrane-bound vesicles through the use of motor proteins. (awm-math.org)
  • Abnormal accumulations of both proteins are needed to drive the death of brain cells, or neurons. (usf.edu)
  • Microtubules also function as highly active railways, transporting proteins, energy-producing mitochondria, organelles and other materials from the body of the brain cell to distant parts connecting it to other cells. (usf.edu)
  • He shifted his focus from microtubules to actin filaments, another key part of the cytoskeleton made up of long polymers of proteins linked end-to-end. (rockefeller.edu)
  • Actin filaments power cellular movement, bind with hundreds of different cellular components, and serve as tracks for molecular motor proteins. (rockefeller.edu)
  • They also intrigued him because they seemed to merge a classical way to think about biology-as a system of genes and proteins-with the lesser understood concept of mechanobiology, "occupying an existential gray area between the microscopic chemical and the macroscopic physical worlds," Alushin says. (rockefeller.edu)
  • Electrical studies of membrane proteins at single molecule level: An important class of proteins are membrane proteins, they are basically functional nanomachines that sit in the fatty lipid bilayer that is used as a wall to separate volumes in biology. (edu.au)
  • For the last two decades, scientists have been playing with these protein systems in a chip-based environment such that the 'walking feet', e.g., myosin and kinesin, are bound to a surface with the feet sticking up and then push 'filaments', e.g., the rodlike proteins actin & microtubules, around like nanoscale trains (see here ). (edu.au)
  • The centromere is aided in binding sister chromatids together by several proteins called cohesins and condensins. (coursehero.com)
  • A collection of microtubules (structural proteins) called a centrosome also replicates. (coursehero.com)
  • A family of microtubule-associated proteins (or 'MAPs' for short) bind to microtubules and assist in organising the filaments, but it is not clear how they work. (elifesciences.org)
  • The experiments also found that oMAP4 can create links between different microtubules and act as a brake to prevent the filaments being moved excessively by motor proteins. (elifesciences.org)
  • Traditional anti-mitosis drugs target proteins such as microtubules that are basic features of the cell division apparatus," Bollong said. (scripps.edu)
  • Furthermore, GSOs protected cells against GLU-induced apoptosis by reducing the expression of the mitochondrial apoptosis-associated Bcl-2 family effector proteins and protected cells from GLU-induced oxidative damage by increasing the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and HO-1 expression. (sdbonline.org)
  • Heterogeneous population of RNA granules serve as motile units to translocate, store, translate, and degrade mRNAs in the dendrites contain cis -elements and trans -acting factors such as RNA-binding proteins and microRNAs to convey stimulus-, transcript-specific local translation. (frontiersin.org)
  • Microtubule plus-end-tracking proteins (+TIPs) accumulate at these growing plus ends to control microtubule dynamics and attachment. (uky.edu)
  • It has been suggested that synemin could function as a linker between different cytoskeletal components based on the fact that it interacts with several proteins involved in the organization of the costameres, neuromuscular and myotendinous junctions within striated muscle cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this respect, although obviously lacking a brain with a multicellular neuronal network, simple unicellular yeast are of great value to investigate the effects of overexpression and single point-mutations in genes encoding key proteins on cell physiology and on the function of conserved signaling cascades. (microbialcell.com)
  • Together, our data support a model in which the V409I/A mutations disrupt microtubule regulation typically conferred by XMAP215 proteins during neuronal morphogenesis and migration, and this impact on tubulin activity at the molecular level scales with the impact at the cellular and tissue levels. (elifesciences.org)
  • A microscopic membrane made up of lipids and proteins which forms the external boundary of the cytoplasm of a cell or encloses a vacuole, and regulates the passage of molecules in and out of the cytoplasm. (eduhyme.com)
  • Topics of particular interest include microtubule plus-end tracking proteins (+TIPs), a network of diverse proteins that dynamically track growing microtubule plus ends, as well as the disease-associated proteins Tau (Alzheimer's) and stathmin (cancer). (nd.edu)
  • Here, the authors constructed a deep-learning approach to design closed repeat proteins with central binding pockets-a step towards designing proteins to specifically bind small molecules. (nature.com)
  • Once Wnt binds to the cell membrane, different molecular agents prompt the formation of a layer of filamentous proteins along the cell membrane, at the site of the future plane of division," explains Irinka Castanon, first author of the article. (unige.ch)
  • Motor proteins probably act by travelling back up along the cap's filaments, allowing the alignment of the spindle with the plane of cell division. (unige.ch)
  • Previous work has demonstrated that coronaviruses specifically target kinase cascades to subvert host cell responses to infection and rely upon host kinase activity to phosphorylate viral proteins to enhance replication. (bvsalud.org)
  • Cell proteins were analysed with 2-dimensional electrophoresis and differentially expressed proteins were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. (who.int)
  • Now a large and ever increasing number of genetic subtypes has been described, and major advances in molecular and cellular biology have clarified the understanding of the role of different proteins in the physiology of peripheral nerve conduction in health and in disease. (medscape.com)
  • Myelinating Schwann cells form a myelin sheath around a single axon and express high levels of myelin-related proteins and messenger RNA (mRNA). (medscape.com)
  • TGNap1, a TGN and microtubule-binding protein, is required for defense and efficient anti-microbial protein secretion, linking secretion and cytoskeleton. (nature.com)
  • Likewise, EM maps of the dimeric full-length (FL) protein exhibit alternate site binding but reveal density for only one of two motor heads. (silverchair.com)
  • Spermatid perinuclear RNA-binding protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the STRBP gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mice deficient for spermatid perinuclear RNA-binding protein show neurologic, spermatogenic, and sperm morphological abnormalities" (PDF). (wikipedia.org)
  • While a postdoctoral student at MIT, Tomomi Kiyomitsu discovered how dynein has a role as a motor protein in aligning the chromosomes in the middle of the cell during the metaphase of mitosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Many viruses use the microtubule transport system to transport nucleic acid/protein cores to intracellular replication sites after invasion host the cell membrane. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2008. Targeting of the F-actin-binding protein drebrin by the microtubule plus-tip protein EB3 is required for neuritogenesis . (kcl.ac.uk)
  • We show that the MT binding protein EB1 (end-binding protein 1), a key regulator of MT dynamics, can bind directly to filamentous actin (F-actin) F-actin. (umn.edu)
  • Wischhof L, Adhikari A, Mondal M, Marsal-Cots A, Biernat J, Mandelkow EM , Mandelkow E , Ehninger D, Nicotera P, Bano D. Unbiased proteomic profiling reveals the IP3R modulator AHCYL1/IRBIT as a novel interactor of microtubule-associated protein tau. (neurotree.org)
  • Triclabendazole(CGA89317) is a benzimidazole, it binds to tubulin impairing intracellular transport mechanisms and interferes with protein synthesis. (chemspider.com)
  • Alushin studies how these little-understood physical dynamics act on the cell's cytoskeleton, an internal network of protein filaments that constantly reconfigures itself to help the cell move, change shape, or ferry molecules from one cell compartment to another. (rockefeller.edu)
  • Electrical detection of mobile protein molecular motors in biocomputation devices: Linear protein molecular motors play important roles in biology: actin & myosin work together to drive muscle contraction and kinesin & microtubules work together to traffic cargo around cells. (edu.au)
  • A cell spends most of its time in interphase, during which it mostly performs its normal functions, such as protein synthesis. (coursehero.com)
  • In this study, we identify a previously uncharacterised isoform of microtubule-associated protein MAP4, oMAP4, as a microtubule organising factor that is crucial for myogenesis. (elifesciences.org)
  • The microtubules in cells that make smaller amounts of this protein were more disorganised, and these cells were unable to fuse with each other to form muscle cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • This creates new nucleation sites for more MTs, thanks to the activities of γ-tubulin and a MT-associated protein called mto2p.Fission yeast have a simple, consistent interphase MT arrangement composed of four bundles per cell. (rupress.org)
  • The compound blocks cell division (mitosis) by binding to a structural protein, vimentin, that is produced abundantly in mesenchymal-type cells. (scripps.edu)
  • Follow-up molecular biology studies revealed that the compound blocks mitosis in the FOXC2-expressing cancer cells by binding to a structural protein called vimentin, produced principally in mesenchymal cell types. (scripps.edu)
  • as a component of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), to lower unspecific cell and protein adhesion to a PDMS-based microfluidic device. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • In his own lab, Michael is passionate about exploring cell biology through the lens of microtubule motor protein transport, and how he can use computational tools to streamline and enhance the power of cryo-EM to determine new and exciting structures. (umich.edu)
  • Here we report a class of mRNA granules in human neuronal processes that are enriched in the nuclear cap-binding protein complex (CBC) and exon junction complex (EJC) core components, Y14 and eIF4AIII. (frontiersin.org)
  • The existence of mRNAs retaining both nuclear cap binding protein and EJC in the distal sites of neuronal processes suggests that some localized mRNAs have not yet undergone the "very first translation," which contribute to the spatio-temporal regulation of gene expression. (frontiersin.org)
  • The +TIP end-binding protein 1 (EB1) and its homologs possess an autonomous plusend- tracking mechanism and interact with other known +TIPs, which then recruit those +TIPs to the growing plus ends. (uky.edu)
  • We show here that an interaction of EB1 with the SXIP-containing +TIP CDK5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 2 (CDK5RAP2) regulates several EB1 activities, including microtubule plus-end tracking, dynamics at microtubule plus ends, microtubule and α/β-tubulin binding, and microtubule polymerization. (uky.edu)
  • An SXIP-binding-deficient EB1 mutant displayed significantly lower microtubule plus-end tracking than the wild-type protein in transfected cells. (uky.edu)
  • These results suggest that EB1 cooperates with CDK5RAP2 and perhaps other SXIPcontaining +TIPs in tracking growing microtubule tips.Wealso generated plus-end-tracking chimeras of CDK5RAP2 and the adenomatous polyposis coli protein (APC) and found that overexpression of the dimerization domains interfered with microtubule plus-end tracking of their respective SXIP-containing chimeras. (uky.edu)
  • Using RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunostaining, we show that synemin M is present at both mRNA and protein levels in undifferentiated ES cells as early as pluripotency factor Oct-3/4 and IF keratin 8. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A receptor is a protein molecule in a cell or on the surface of a cell to which a substance such as a hormone, a drug, or an antigen can bind, causing a change in the activity of the cell. (eduhyme.com)
  • We focus on the microtubule cytoskeleton - the dynamic network of protein fibers that pulls the chromosomes apart at mitosis, acts as "railroad tracks" for intracellular transport, and organizes the cytoplasm. (nd.edu)
  • Fernandes, G. F. and Goodson, H. V. "Overexpression of the Microtubule-Binding Protein CLIP-170 Induces a Plus TIP Network Superstructure Consistent with a Biomolecular Condensate" 2021 PLOS One , 16 (12), e0260401. (nd.edu)
  • reveal how Rho GTPase and the actin-binding protein Shroom combine to regulate the localization of Rho kinase and actomyosin contractility during axis elongation. (scivee.tv)
  • reveal that, upon platelet activation, the motor protein dynein slides microtubules apart, inducing marginal band coiling and the conversion of platelets to a spherical shape. (scivee.tv)
  • The entire cell can be viewed as a factory that contains an elaborate network of interlocking assembly lines, each of which is composed of a set of large protein machines. (caseyluskin.com)
  • Why do we call the large protein assemblies that underlie cell function protein machines? (caseyluskin.com)
  • We knew that an external signal, a protein called Wnt, was necessary to properly position the mitotic spindle, but knew nothing of the intracellular messengers involved," explains Marcos Gonzalez-Gaitan, Professor in the Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at the University of Geneva. (unige.ch)
  • protein patterns of subjects with leish- Cell culture maniasis [17]. (who.int)
  • The microtubule cytoskeleton is critical for muscle cell differentiation and undergoes reorganisation into an array of paraxial microtubules, which serves as template for contractile sarcomere formation. (elifesciences.org)
  • Microtubules are polar cytoskeleton filaments that extend via growth at their plus ends. (uky.edu)
  • Intermediate filaments (IFs) are major components of the mammalian cytoskeleton and expressed in cell-type-specific patterns. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The chemi- appear to interact with the structural elements of the cell, cal analysis was assessed at DATA CHEM Laboratories using plasma- with apparent binding to the cytoskeleton [Porter et al. (cdc.gov)
  • Using a mouse model for early-stage tauopathy, Dr. Kang and his colleagues showed that Aβ-activated cofilin promotes tauopathy by displacing the tau molecules directly binding to microtubules, destabilizes microtubule dynamics, and disrupts synaptic function (neuron signaling) - all key factors in Alzheimer's disease progression. (usf.edu)
  • Microtubule dynamics and glutathione metabolism in phagocytizing human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. (uconn.edu)
  • It is predicted that MCPH gene mutations may lead to the disease phenotype due to a disturbed mitotic spindle orientation, premature chromosomal condensation, signalling response as a result of damaged DNA, microtubule dynamics, transcriptional control or a few other hidden centrosomal mechanisms that can regulate the number of neurons produced by neuronal precursor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To answer these questions we use a combination of biochemistry, molecular biology, quantitative microscopy, and (in collaboration with applied mathematician Mark Alber) computational models of microtubule dynamics. (nd.edu)
  • Tritium-labeled taxol binds directly to microtubules in vitro with a stoichiometry approaching one (Parness, J., and S. B. Horwitz, 1981, J. Cell Biol. (rupress.org)
  • 2017. Drebrin mediated microtubule-actomyosin coupling steers two-stroke nucleokinesis and migration pathway selection in cerebellar granule neurons . (kcl.ac.uk)
  • 2017 ) Structural and functional differences between porcine brain and budding yeast microtubules. (academictree.org)
  • 2017 ) Structural differences between yeast and mammalian microtubules revealed by cryo-EM. (academictree.org)
  • 2017 ) Challenges and opportunities in the high-resolution cryo-EM visualization of microtubules and their binding partners. (academictree.org)
  • Their latest preclinical study was reported March 22, 2019 in Communications Biology . (usf.edu)
  • Taxol is a low molecular weight plant derivative which enhances microtubule assembly in vitro and has the unique ability to promote the formation of discrete microtubule bundles in cells. (rupress.org)
  • Resveratrol enhances the cytotoxic profile of docetaxel and doxorubicin in solid tumour cell lines in vitro. (natprobiotech.com)
  • Purified oMAP4 aligns dynamic microtubules into antiparallel bundles that withstand motor forces in vitro. (elifesciences.org)
  • Axonemal dynein causes sliding of microtubules in the axonemes of cilia and flagella and is found only in cells that have those structures. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cytoplasmic dynein, found in all animal cells and possibly plant cells as well, performs functions necessary for cell survival such as organelle transport and centrosome assembly. (wikipedia.org)
  • that is, one or the other of its stalks is always attached to the microtubule so that the dynein can "walk" a considerable distance along a microtubule without detaching. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cytoplasmic dynein helps to position the Golgi complex and other organelles in the cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • Dynein is involved in the movement of chromosomes and positioning the mitotic spindles for cell division. (wikipedia.org)
  • [2] [3] Dynein carries organelles, vesicles and possibly microtubule fragments along the axons of neurons toward the cell body in a process called retrograde axonal transport . (wikipedia.org)
  • Cytoplasmic dynein positions the spindle at the site of cytokinesis by anchoring to the cell cortex and pulling on astral microtubules emanating from centrosome . (wikipedia.org)
  • Dynein pulls the microtubules and chromosomes to one end of the cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • When the end of the microtubules become close to the cell membrane, they release a chemical signal that punts the dynein to the other side of the cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • [12] This suggests that proline-rich sequences may be a major binding site that co-opts dynein. (wikipedia.org)
  • Dynein is the sole processive minus-end-directed microtubule motor found in animals. (biologists.com)
  • Together with dynactin, dynein regulates centrosomal orientation to establish and maintain cell polarity, controls focal adhesion turnover and anchors microtubules at the leading edge. (biologists.com)
  • Most notably, oMAP4 is required for paraxial microtubule organisation in muscle cells and prevents dynein- and kinesin-driven microtubule-microtubule sliding. (elifesciences.org)
  • We propose a model in which the cooperation of dynein-mediated microtubule transport and oMAP4-mediated zippering of microtubules drives formation of a paraxial microtubule array that provides critical support for the polarisation and elongation of myotubes. (elifesciences.org)
  • During this time, he helped pioneer the use of cloud computing tools for cryo-EM while also discovering a novel mode of dynein regulation by its binding partner Lis1. (umich.edu)
  • Although a construct of only the motor domain of kinesin 13 binds to every heterodimer of a tubulin ring, a construct containing the neck and the motor domain occupies alternate binding sites. (silverchair.com)
  • These results indicate that the second head of dimeric kinesin 13 does not have access to adjacent binding sites on the curved protofilament and suggest that the neck alone is sufficient to obstruct access. (silverchair.com)
  • Together, these data suggest a model for kinesin 13 depolymerization in which increased efficiency is achieved by binding of one kinesin 13 molecule to adjacent protofilaments. (silverchair.com)
  • In Oct 2014, I became a Wellcome Investigator, and have used this opportunity to focus the lab more tightly around its core long-term interest of kinesin-microtubule interaction mechanisms. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • The centrosome will organize a complex structure of microtubules , the mitotic spindle, involved in mitosis. (coursehero.com)
  • This orientation is provided by the position of the mitotic spindle in the cell that is about to divide. (unige.ch)
  • The nanotube bundles are similar to the potential of nanotubes to induce genetic damage size of microtubules that form the mitotic spindle in normal lung cells, cultured primary and immor- and may be incorporated into the mitotic spindle talized human airway epithelial cells were apparatus. (cdc.gov)
  • Vinblastine inhibits microtubule formation, which, in turn, disrupts the formation of a mitotic spindle, causing cell proliferation to arrest at metaphase. (medscape.com)
  • Conditions which depolymerize microtubules in intact and extracted cells as determined by tubulin immunofluorescence inhibit the binding of [3H]taxol. (rupress.org)
  • Target: Microtubule/Tubulin;Triclabendazole treatment produces percentage decreases of the fluke egg output by 15.3%, 4.3% and 36.6%, respectively, in sheep, dairy cows and heifers, these results indicate the presence of TCBZ-resistant Fasciola hepatica in sheep and cattle on this farm [1]. (chemspider.com)
  • To determine the molecular mechanisms, we modeled the V409I/A mutants in budding yeast and found that they promote intrinsically faster microtubule polymerization rates in cells and in reconstitution experiments with purified tubulin. (elifesciences.org)
  • In addition, V409I/A mutants decrease the recruitment of XMAP215/Stu2 to plus ends in budding yeast and ablate tubulin binding to TOG domains. (elifesciences.org)
  • We will also discuss potential approaches to humanize yeast in order to create modification patterns resembling the situation in mammalian cells, which could enhance the value of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Kluyveromyces lactis as disease models. (microbialcell.com)
  • Taxol binds to cellular microtubules. (rupress.org)
  • This strongly suggests that taxol binds specifically to cellular microtubules. (rupress.org)
  • Thus, there must be specific cellular mechanisms which are required for bundle formation, in addition to the direct binding of taxol to cytoplasmic microtubules. (rupress.org)
  • How this is achieved is a central area of research and has relevance to other examples of cellular migration such as cancer cell metastasis. (kcl.ac.uk)
  • Many cellular processes including cell division and cell migration require coordination between the actin and microtubule (MT) cytoskeletons. (umn.edu)
  • Other cellular structures are duplicated during G2, such that each replicated daughter cell produced during mitosis will have all necessary organelles (such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, etc. (coursehero.com)
  • Machines turn cellular switches on and off, sometimes killing the cell or causing it to grow. (caseyluskin.com)
  • During animal development, the orientation of cell division along a specific plane is important for the organization of the different tissues and the generation of cellular diversity. (unige.ch)
  • And his efforts ultimately paid off, allowing Alushin and his colleagues to produce the highest-resolution images of microtubules-cytoskeletal filaments that give a cell its shape-that had ever been achieved at the time. (rockefeller.edu)
  • Within the myoblasts, long filaments called microtubules are arranged in an overlapping linear pattern. (elifesciences.org)
  • The filaments act as a template that helps the sarcomeres to align as the muscle cells form. (elifesciences.org)
  • The experiments show that the filaments progressively become more ordered as the myoblasts develop into muscle cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • from the May 12, 2014, issue of The Journal of Cell Biology and includes an interview with senior author Stefano. (scivee.tv)
  • from the April 14, 2014, issue of The Journal of Cell Biology and includes an interview with authors Dylan Burnette (Vanderbilt University School of. (scivee.tv)
  • from the February 17, 2014, issue of The Journal of Cell Biology and. (scivee.tv)
  • from the December 23, 2013, issue of The Journal of Cell Biology and includes an interview with. (scivee.tv)
  • The different expression of isoforms H, M and L of synemin in the nervous system raises several questions about the regulation of synemin gene expression during the determination of glial and neuronal cell lineages in the central and the peripheral nervous system (CNS and PNS). (biomedcentral.com)
  • These neuronal phenotypes are accompanied by increased microtubule acetylation and polymerization rates. (elifesciences.org)
  • By the time he was in a PhD program at Berkeley, he'd dived deep into biochemistry and structural biology, studying how ribosomes and other higher-order assemblies take shape. (rockefeller.edu)
  • Development in the area of structural biology methods combined with new computational possibilities has highlighted the importance of combining different methods in order to maximize the output. (lu.se)
  • With the rapid progress and improvements in the fields of macromolecular crystallography, Cryo-EM, small angle scattering, electron diffraction and use of XFELs, the new LINXS theme INTEGRATIVE STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY is formed to advance cutting-edge research and to encourage new users to utilize integrative structure biology to address key scientific questions. (lu.se)
  • Both experienced specialists and researchers with more recently established interests in integrative structural biology are expected to greatly benefit from the symposium. (lu.se)
  • Here the authors demonstrate that B. cinerea utilizes extracellular vesicles (EVs) to secrete Bc-sRNAs, which are then internalized by plant cells through clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME). (nature.com)
  • [1] It also helps transport cargo needed for cell function such as vesicles made by the endoplasmic reticulum , endosomes , and lysosomes (Karp, 2005). (wikipedia.org)
  • The process of intake of liquid into a cell by the budding of small vesicles from the cell membrane is called pinocytosis, also called drinking of cell. (eduhyme.com)
  • Moreover, their increasing application as host organisms for synthetic biology demonstrates the ease by which heterologous genes, such as the ones encoding enzmyes involved in posttranslational modifications, can be expressed and investigated in yeast. (microbialcell.com)
  • These observations suggest that EB1:F-actin interactions may negatively regulate EB1:MT interactions, and we speculate that this interaction may assist cells in differentially regulating MT stability in the actin-rich cortex as opposed to the cell interior. (umn.edu)
  • Interactions of microtubule subunits and membranes followed by fluorescence techniques. (uconn.edu)
  • We aimed to investigate the effects of docetaxel on gene expression interactions and apoptosis in ER-positive breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7). (natprobiotech.com)
  • We now report studies in cells on the binding of [3H]taxol and the formation of microtubule bundles. (rupress.org)
  • I did my PhD work at Nottingham and my postdoctoral training as an EMBO Fellow with Vic Small at the IMB in Salzburg and as an MDA Fellow with John Kendrick Jones at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge, working on the myosin II mechanism. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • Drugs that work via this mechanism should spare many of the healthy, fast-dividing cells, such as hair follicle cells, that are harmed by standard chemotherapy drugs. (scripps.edu)
  • This study aims to understand the function and mechanism of Drosophila Glycine N-acyltransferase (GLYAT) in cell invasion. (sdbonline.org)
  • They pinpointed the role of the dimeric interface and lipid-binding sites for fusion, and proposed a mechanism that may be conserved between species. (nature.com)
  • It does this repeatedly so the chromosomes end up in the center of the cell, which is necessary in mitosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • But what all these life forms have in common is that their genetic code is copied from cell to cell thanks to the process of mitosis, whereby the nucleus of a cell splits into two before the cell divides. (visionlearning.com)
  • The term mitosis refers specifically to the process whereby the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell splits into two identical daughter nuclei prior to cell division. (visionlearning.com)
  • The rate at which mitosis occurs depends on the cell type. (visionlearning.com)
  • A fifth phase has been identified, G0, in which the cell is resting just after mitosis but still carrying out normal functions. (coursehero.com)
  • The M phase consists of mitosis, in which the cell divides, producing two new, identical cells. (coursehero.com)
  • Interphase is collectively the gap 1 (G1), synthesis (S), and gap 2 (G2) phases of mitosis, in which a cell grows, replicates its DNA, and grows again. (coursehero.com)
  • Surface functions during mitosis I: phagocytosis, pinocytosis and mobility of surface bound Con A. Cell 15: 327-341. (uconn.edu)
  • The compound, in addition to blocking mitosis, caused EMT-transformed breast cancer cells to quickly revert to a lower-grade, epithelial appearance. (scripps.edu)
  • Further lab-dish tests showed that FiVe1 irreversibly blocks mitosis in several other EMT-transformed cancer cell lines, as well as in tumor cells originating from muscle, fat, cartilage and other mesenchymal tissues. (scripps.edu)
  • A drug that blocks mitosis by targeting vimentin should be less toxic than traditional chemotherapeutic drugs that targets cell-division," Lairson said. (scripps.edu)
  • The 3rd statement of cell theory had to wait until late in the century, when Louis Pasteur disproved notions of spontaneous generation, and German histologists observed mitosis and meiosis, the underlying events of cell division in eukaryotes: Cells come from pre-existing cells (i.e., they reproduce). (eduhyme.com)
  • The more complex linear interphase arrays common in epithelial cells, neurons, and plant cells may also be formed by MT-bound γ-TuCs. (rupress.org)
  • The EMT occurs naturally in early development to turn some epithelial cells-another broad cell type-into more free-ranging mesenchymal cells. (scripps.edu)
  • The EMT also can be triggered by inflammation in adult tissues to transform epithelial cells into stem-like mesenchymal cells that aid wound healing. (scripps.edu)
  • Whether they originate from EMT-transformed epithelial cells or from mesenchymal tissues, mesenchymal cancer cells are prone to form deadly metastases and are generally difficult to treat with drugs-surgical removal is often the only good option. (scripps.edu)
  • Vimentin is not expressed at significant levels in the hair follicle cells and mouth- and gut-lining epithelial cells damaged by standard chemotherapy drugs. (scripps.edu)
  • Jonasson, E. M. and Goodson, H. V. "The CLIP-170 N-Terminal Domain Binds Directly to both F-Actin and Microtubules in a Mutually Exclusive Manner" 2022 Journal of Biological Chemistry , 298 (5), 101820. (nd.edu)
  • Zanic, M. and Goodson, H. V. "Quantification of Microtubule Stutters: Dynamic Instability Behaviors that are Strongly Associated with Catastrophe" 2022 Molecular Biology of the Cell , 33 (3), ar22. (nd.edu)
  • Microtubule membrane interaction fluorescence techniques. (uconn.edu)
  • Recent studies propose that blocking the p53-MDM2 interaction may be effective in cancer treatment while the Sin3A mutation enhances cell proliferation in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancers. (natprobiotech.com)
  • Our findings suggest that docetaxel directs the MCF-7 breast cancer cells to apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner and may thus further regulate the interaction of tumor suppressor p53 expression, protecting it from MDM2-mediated degradation and inhibiting Sin3A-mediated cell proliferation in compliance with the apoptotic cell density. (natprobiotech.com)
  • My lab focuses on the force generating mechanisms of kinesins and their microtubule tracks. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • It disrupts cell metabolism, causing death to resting and dividing cells. (medscape.com)
  • The cell that lacks a distinct nucleus and other specialized membrane bound organelles. (eduhyme.com)
  • An organism whose cell contains a membrane bound distinct nucleus along with other specialized organelles enclosed in membranes. (eduhyme.com)
  • Early Drosophila embryos undergo 13 rounds of rapid nuclear division before enclosing each nucleus into an individual, membrane-bound cell. (scivee.tv)
  • The two antiparallel MTs that make up each bundle overlap at their minus ends at the interphase microtubule organizing center (iMTOC), which attaches to the nuclear envelope. (rupress.org)
  • The basis for the preferential growth direction is not clear, but may be due to bundling and stabilization by Ase1p, which may prefer to bind to antiparallel MTs. (rupress.org)
  • Present address: Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08003 Barcelona, Spain. (biologists.com)
  • Our study shows a developmental stage specific regulation of synemin isoforms in ES cells and its neural derivatives. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This selectivity suggests that the commitment of CNS precursor cells to form glia or neuron involves the direct regulation of the single synemin gene. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Throughout the 19th century, as microscopes developed, scientists had been seeing clues of structures in dividing cells of eukaryotes . (visionlearning.com)
  • Interphase takes most of the time in the cell cycle, comprising more than 95% of the duration of the cell cycle in most eukaryotes. (coursehero.com)
  • Firstly, loss of dGLYAT suppressed scrib depletion- or Egr overexpression-induced JNK pathway activation and invasive cell migration. (sdbonline.org)
  • ACE2 in dogs can bind to the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2, implying the possibility of cross-species transmission between humans and dogs ( 8 ). (cdc.gov)
  • 3H]Taxol binds to the macrophagelike cell line, J774.2, in a specific and saturable manner. (rupress.org)
  • The binding of [3H]taxol, however, is retained under these conditions. (rupress.org)
  • Tau molecules are like the railroad track ties that stabilize and hold train rails (microtubules) in place. (usf.edu)
  • In the process of exocytosis materials are exported outside the cell by using energy from ATP molecules. (eduhyme.com)
  • Molecular machines haul cargo from one place in the cell to another along "highways" made of other molecules, while still others act as cables, ropes, and pulleys to hold the cell in shape. (caseyluskin.com)
  • Developmental Biology. (wikipedia.org)
  • Shah, M. A. and Giannakakou, P. "CLIP-170S is a Microtubule Plus TIP Variant that Confers Resistance to Taxanes by Impairing Drug-Target Engagement" 2021 Developmental Cell , 56 (23), pp.3264. (nd.edu)
  • To address these challenges, we use X-ray crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) in combination with biophysical, biochemical, and cell biological methods. (psi.ch)
  • Effect of glutathione-oxidizing agents on microtubule assembly and microtubule-dependent surface properties of human neutrophils. (uconn.edu)
  • The levels of catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) were measured in PC12 cells and Drosophila brain tissue. (sdbonline.org)
  • Without microtubules, axons and dendrites could not assemble and maintain the elaborate, rapidly changing shapes needed for neural network communication, or signaling. (usf.edu)
  • Maximal binding occurs at drug concentrations which produce maximal growth inhibition. (rupress.org)
  • Scientists at The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) have discovered a compound that in laboratory tests irreversibly stops the growth of certain aggressive, treatment-resistant tumor cells. (scripps.edu)
  • In their study, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , the TSRI researchers showed that the new compound, FiVe1, blocks the growth of tumor cells that have undergone what researchers call the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process common in breast, colon, lung and other epithelial cell-derived tumors-known as carcinomas. (scripps.edu)
  • One compound performed particularly well at curbing the growth of the FOXC2-expressing cells without affecting non-FOXC2-expressing cells, and had other properties that make it potentially suitable as a small-molecule drug. (scripps.edu)
  • Skeletal muscle growth and regeneration involves the activity of resident adult stem cells, namely satellite cells (SC). (sdbonline.org)
  • These agents inhibit cell growth and proliferation. (medscape.com)
  • The mSin3A chromatin-modifying complex is essential for embryogenesis and T-cell development. (natprobiotech.com)
  • As a paper in Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology states, "Today biology is revealing the importance of 'molecular machines' and of other highly organized molecular structures that carry out the complex physico-chemical processes on which life is based. (caseyluskin.com)
  • The discoid shape of resting platelets is maintained by a peripheral ring of bundled microtubules called the marginal band. (scivee.tv)
  • The Sir2 catalytic domain, which is shared among all sirtuins, consists of two distinct domains that bind NAD and the acetyl-lysine substrate, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
  • MCPH is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern in which both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the nervous system, synemin was found to associate with ruffled membranes of reactive astrocytes and to also co-localize with α-actinin, suggesting a role in cell motility [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)