Binds biomarkers oncogene protein p21 ras. Medical search. Frequent questions

Here, we show that human antigen R (HuR), an RNA binding protein which binds preferentially to AU-rich elements (AREs) and stabilizes mRNAs, regulates TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 expression in the MK2/HuR signaling pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
the changes of proteins related to MAPK/ERK signaling pathway were also detected using western blotting. (biomedcentral.com)

In addition, Kevetrin increased expression of p53 target genes such as p21 (Waf1), an inhibitor of cell cycle progression. (shu.edu)
Using bioinformatics analyses, we predicted HNK protein targets from several databases and retrieved the genes differentially expressed in mBCSCs from the GEO database. (hindawi.com)
The intersection between the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and the HNK-targets was determined using a Venn diagram, and the results were analyzed using a protein-protein interaction network, hub gene selection, gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses, genetic alteration analysis, survival rate, and immune cell infiltration levels. (hindawi.com)
Driver events in pediatric malignancies can occur through loss of function in tumor suppressor genes or gain of function in proto-oncogenes. (medscape.com)
Tumor suppressor genes encode proteins that normally provide negative control of cell proliferation. (medscape.com)
Genes whose protein products stimulate or enhance the division and viability of cells. (cancerquest.org)
Genes whose protein products can directly or indirectly prevent cell division or lead to cell death. (cancerquest.org)
The normal versions of genes in the first group are called proto-oncogenes. (cancerquest.org)
The mutated or otherwise damaged versions of these genes are called oncogenes. (cancerquest.org)
Numerous genes have been identified as proto-oncogenes. (cancerquest.org)
As stated in the introduction to this section, the defective versions of these genes, known as oncogenes, can cause a cell to divide in an unregulated manner. (cancerquest.org)
Briefly, miRNAs are expected to account for 1-5% of the human genome and to interfere with at least 30% of the protein-coding genes ( 4 , 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
At the molecular level, pitavastatin induced expression of the cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor p21 in a cholesterol independent manner, blocked repressive phosphorylation of the Retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein at CDK targeted sites, and reduced expression of E2F target genes required for progression through the G1/S boundary. (oncotarget.com)
They use their complex epigenetic regulatory mechanisms to act as upstream regulators of downstream oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes [ 10 ]. (ijbs.com)
The ability of miRs to target multiple genes and biological signaling pathways has created intense interest in their potential clinical utility as predictive and diagnostic biomarkers, and as innovative therapeutic agents. (biomedcentral.com)
Of the 31 genes, the 21 upregulated genes were primarily associated with cell paracrine and intracellular signaling, transcription regulation and cell adhesion and migration, and their transcriptional products included transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 and transcriptional factor AP-2α/γ ( 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
By contrast, the 10 downregulated genes were primarily associated with epithelial membrane proteins ( 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
The role of MSY genes in important cellular processes such as transcription regulation, translation, and protein stability in males is vital not only in sex determination but also in sex-dependent organ development [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Despite extensive studies on the effect of these genes on the development pathways, some MSY genes have remained as missing proteins with no experimental protein evidence due to highly transient and spatio-temporal restricted expression patterns. (biomedcentral.com)
The multistep transformation of normal cells into malignant cells involves genetic and epigenetic alterations that promote the aberrant expression of critical oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes [ 1 , 2 ]. (ijbs.com)
The proliferative arrest is mediated by transcriptional repression of genes essential for cell division by the retinoblastoma protein family. (biomedcentral.com)
Analyzing 5′-upstream non-protein-encoding regions of the human mitochondrial function-associated genes, we speculate that mitochondrial functions could be recovered or improved at a transcriptional level. (intechopen.com)

A useful analogy to consider when thinking about tumor suppressors and oncogenes is an automobile. (cancerquest.org)
The first miRNA was discovered in 1993 by Lee, Freinbaum and Ambros ( 6 , 7 ), and since then an increasing load of literature data have pointed that they can act as both tumor suppressors and oncogenes ( 1 - 3 ). (frontiersin.org)

Stable monoubiquitinated form of wild type p53, accumulates in the cytoplasm and interacts with BAK or BAX proteins in mitochondria to induce apoptosis Thus Kevetrin activates both transcription dependent and transcription independent pathways to promote apoptosis. (shu.edu)
Additionally, scientists have found that this relationship is an important part of a number of complex cellular signaling cascade pathways, including Ras, β-catenin, myc, Rb, and many more. (shu.edu)
What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
Two powerful tumour suppressor pathways, controlled by the p53 and retinoblastoma (pRB) proteins, are important for establishing and maintaining the senescence growth arrest. (nature.com)
R-Ras proteins function distinctly from classic Ras proteins by regulating distinct signaling pathways that promote MPNST tumorigenesis by mediating migration and invasion. (biomedcentral.com)
We have previously shown that three related Ras proteins (the classic Ras proteins) are highly activated in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) cells with neurofibromin loss and that they drive cancer cell proliferation and survival by activating multiple cellular signaling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
We examined the activation of cytoplasmic signaling pathways in the presence and absence of R-Ras signaling and found that R-Ras proteins regulated 13 signaling pathways distinct from those regulated by classic Ras proteins. (biomedcentral.com)

They further link to the activation of protein kinase C- (PKC-) induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [ 6 , 7 ], which further mediates the activation of downstream transcription factor nuclear factor kappa-light-chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF- κ B). Thus, the main treatments of DN refer to modulate glycemic and blood pressure through insulin and RAS inhibitors. (hindawi.com)
Although the senescent cells remain viable, they show typical changes with enlarged and flattened cell bodies, apoptosis resistance, increased activity of senescence-associated β -galactosidase (SA- β -gal), and upregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors including p16 INK4A , ARF proteins, and p21 [ 13 - 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
Bae KM, Wang H, Jiang G, Chen MG, Lu L, Xiao L. Protein kinase C epsilon is overexpressed in primary human non-small cell lung cancers and functionally required for proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer cells in a p21/Cip1-dependent manner. (famri.org)
Our previous study showed that mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38/ MAPK-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2) regulates the expression of ICAM-1 and IL-8 at the post-transcriptional level in HPMECs after TNF-α stimulation [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
PTEN encodes a protein kinase of the same name and functions as a tumor suppressor through regulation of cell proliferation. (medscape.com)
CDK4 is a member of the Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (thermofisher.com)
It is a catalytic subunit of the protein kinase complex that is important for cell cycle G1 phase progression. (thermofisher.com)
Adenosine monophosate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays an important 6-Thioguanine role in energy metabolism, which can also be triggered by oxidative stress [24]. (cancercurehere.com)
P27 is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI) that controls protein synthesis during the cell cycle. (springeropen.com)
A cell surface protein-tyrosine kinase receptor that is overexpressed in a variety of ADENOCARCINOMAS. (bvsalud.org)

Mdm2 is a proto-oncogene that is amplified in approximately 7% of cancers and is frequently seen in soft tissue tumors. (shu.edu)
Therefore, understanding the pathogenesis of cancer, identifying biomarkers that aid in the early diagnosis of digestive tract tumors, and finding therapeutic targets are of great significance in reducing the incidence of digestive tract tumors and improving prognosis. (ijbs.com)
Although genetic and epigenetic aberrations that occur in components of the central dogma clearly elicit disease development in humans, recent findings also point to a prominent role for non-protein-coding regions of the genome in regulating cell and tissue homeostasis, as well as in contributing to the formation of human tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
The expression of both proteins was variable among different solid tumors including UC. (springeropen.com)

However, the downstream proteins by which MK2 stabilizes ARE-containing mRNAs are largely unknown. (biomedcentral.com)
CWR22Rv1 cells, a castrate-resistant prostate cancer cell line, were treated with Zyflamend and the expression of class I and II histone deacetylases, along with their downstream target the tumor suppressor gene p21, was investigated. (biomedcentral.com)
Expression of the tumor suppressor gene p21, a known downstream target of histone deacetylases and CBP/p300, was increased by Zyflamend treatment and the effect on p21 was, in part, mediated through Erk1/2. (biomedcentral.com)

NcRNAs are a class of RNA molecules that do not encode proteins, and they play an important role in regulating cellular transcription and post-transcriptional processes [ 7 ]. (ijbs.com)
There is growing evidence that regions of the genome that cannot encode proteins play an important role in diseases. (biomedcentral.com)

Cells were transfected with doxycycline-inducible vectors expressing either a pan-inhibitor of the R-Ras subfamily [dominant negative (DN) R-Ras] or enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP). (biomedcentral.com)
35 Monoclonal antibodies against EGFR this kind of as cetuximab do appear to possess modest activity in superior NSCLC in blend with chemotherapy, but the lack Raf Inhibitor selleckchem of an apparent biomarker to identify individuals who could have increased advantage might possibly complicate its broad applicability. (pimsignaling.com)

When GTP is bound, for instance, Ras proteins can interact with effectors and other molecules to affect cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. (justia.com)
This gene product is involved in cell cycle progression, p53-mediated apoptosis, transcription activator of several other oncogenes [ 4 ] and DNA repair [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Further, we studied the effect of HSP70-2 protein ablation on signaling cascades involved in apoptosis, cell cycle and Epithelial-Mesenchymal-Transition both in culture as well as in-vivo human breast xenograft mouse model. (biomedcentral.com)
Survivin belongs to the family of inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) that plays a pivotal role in mitotic progression, apoptosis inhibition, angiogenesis, progression of cancer, and invasion [ 5 ]. (springeropen.com)

We will discuss three key proteins that function as tumor suppressors implicated in the development of pediatric (and some adult) cancers: pRB, p53, and PTEN. (medscape.com)

These findings suggest that RPL5 plays an important role in regulating COAD progression and may serve as a prognostic biomarker for COAD. (biomedcentral.com)
The aim of this study was to use a systematic approach to generate and screen affinity-purified, mono-specific antibodies targeting progression-related biomarkers, with a view towards developing a clinically applicable IHC-based prognostic biomarker panel for breast cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
This proof-of-concept study has resulted in the identification of a novel 3-protein prognostic panel. (biomedcentral.com)
Both proteins may play a role in UC progression and can have a value as prognostic and/or diagnostic markers of UC, as well as targeted therapies. (springeropen.com)

In doing so, this GEF-facilitated exchange of GDP for GTP is associated with structural changes in the GTP-binding protein which influence the degree to which the GTP-binding protein can interact with other molecules. (justia.com)
The aim of this study was to identify valuable biomarkers by searching the candidate molecules that contribute to lung adenocarcinoma pathogenesis, especially KC subtype. (cancerindex.org)
Small non-protein-coding RNA molecules, composed of around 22 nucleotides, are commonly named as miRNAs ( 1 - 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
Inhibition of R-Ras/R-Ras2 and ROCK1 signaling also triggered the accumulation of abnormal intracellular vesicles, indicating that these signaling molecules regulate the movement of proteins and other molecules in the cellular interior. (biomedcentral.com)

These include dysfunctional telomeres, DNA damage, the expression of certain oncogenes, perturbations to chromatin organization and strong mitogenic signals. (nature.com)
Acetylation of the N-terminal tails of histones "relaxes" the chromatin making it more accessible for binding by co-activating factors. (biomedcentral.com)
The histones and non-histone proteins of chromatin compact the DNA and govern its accessibility to enzymes during transcription, replication, repair and recombination. (biomedcentral.com)
Post-translational modifications of histones represent an important mechanism modulating the accessibility of chromatin and contributing to the recruitment of other proteins to chromatin [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Abnormal expression of ribosomal proteins has an important regulatory effect on the progression of cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
Ribosomal protein (RP) is a widely existing RNA-binding protein that was previously thought to function only as a combination of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) involved in protein synthesis. (biomedcentral.com)
More and more studies have found that abnormal expression or mutation of ribosomal proteins has an important regulatory effect on the occurrence and development of cancer [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The ribosomal protein RPL5 is a component of the ribosome, a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for protein synthesis in cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Ribosomal proteins (RPs) play important roles in modulating the MDM2-p53 pathway. (elifesciences.org)

The elevated expression of p53 leads to greater stability, which also induces the regulatory protein Mdm2. (shu.edu)
A proto-oncogene is a gene that becomes an oncogene, a gene that has the potential to cause cancer, through mutations or an increase in expression. (shu.edu)
Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
As a group, miRNAs are small (17-27 nucleotides) noncoding RNAs that govern gene expression in a post-transcriptional manner by binding directly to the 3′UTRs of target mRNAs, thereby repressing their translation or inducing their degradation [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
We assessed the expression and activation of these proteins in MPNST cells and inhibited them to determine the effect this had on proliferation, migration, invasion, survival and the phosphoproteome. (biomedcentral.com)
Proteins in cells with or without DN R-Ras expression were differentially labeled with SILAC and mass spectrometry was used to identify phosphoproteins and determine their relative quantities in the presence and absence of DN R-Ras. (biomedcentral.com)
Here, we examined the expression, activation and action of R-Ras proteins in MPNST cells that have lost neurofibromin. (biomedcentral.com)
In the present study, we have investigated the possible association of HSP70-2 mRNA and protein expression with various stages, grades and histotypes of breast cancer patients. (biomedcentral.com)
Although omic-based discovery approaches can provide powerful tools for biomarker identification, several reservations have been raised regarding the clinical applicability of gene expression studies, such as their prohibitive cost. (biomedcentral.com)
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease driven by a continuum of mutations and abnormal gene/protein expression that controls the tumourigenic phenotype and molecular mechanisms underpinning the complexity of its clinical behaviour [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Accordingly, we review data on the influence of vitamin D in the development of normal breast and the expression of vitamin D-related proteins (VDR, CYP27B1 and CYP24A21) in benign mammary lesions and ductal carcinomas in situ . (biomedcentral.com)
Two proteins have been implicated in expression-independent vitamin D action: membrane VDR and the membrane-associated rapid response steroid binding (1,25D 3 -MARRS) protein. (biomedcentral.com)
Involvement of p21 was confirmed with siRNA knockdown and over expression experiments. (biomedcentral.com)
Over expression of p21 inhibited cell growth and concomitant treatment with Zyflamend enhanced this effect. (biomedcentral.com)
Our results suggest that the extracts of this polyherbal combination increase histone 3 acetylation, inhibit the expression of class I and class II histone deacetylases, increase the activation of CBP/p300 and inhibit cell proliferation, in part, by up regulating p21 expression. (biomedcentral.com)
The G2/M phase arrest by perifosine chemical library was reported to be p21 dependent in a few tumor cells.Certainly,we observed a marked elevation within the expression of p21 in OCUT1 cells handled with perifosine alone,in association with cell cycle arrest while in the G2/M phase. (pimsignaling.com)
HMGCS2 protein expression is down-regulated preferentially in moderately and poorly differentiated carcinomas. (aacrjournals.org)

LncRNA AGPG has been shown to play a role in esophageal cancer by binding to and stabilizing PFKB3, which increases glycolytic flux and cell cycle progression in esophageal cancer cells. (ijbs.com)
We examined both in-house and publicly available breast cancer DNA microarray datasets relating to invasion and metastasis, thus identifying a cohort of candidate progression-associated biomarkers. (biomedcentral.com)

The human protein 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 2 is 100 kDa in size and composed of 909 amino acids. (wikipedia.org)
The 19S regulatory particles can recognize ubiquitin-labeled protein as degradation substrate, unfold the protein to linear, open the gate of 20S core particle, and guide the substate into the proteolytic chamber. (wikipedia.org)
According to the protein interaction and topological characteristics of this multisubunit complex, the 19S regulatory particle is composed of a base and a lid subcomplex. (wikipedia.org)
Thus, Protein 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 2 (Rpn1) is an essential component of forming the base subcomplex of 19S regulatory particle. (wikipedia.org)
E7 from human papil omavirus type 16 cooperate to cancer: the European prospective investigation into doi:10.1093/carcin/bgp321 PMID:20047954 target the PDZ protein Na/H exchange regulatory cancer and nutrition study. (who.int)

furthermore, proteins are digested into peptides for MHC class I antigen presentation. (wikipedia.org)
The present invention envisions phosphorylated forms of any one of these GEF-H1 peptides, polypeptides and proteins. (justia.com)

Braig, M. & Schmitt, C. A. Oncogene-induced senescence: putting the brakes on tumor development. (nature.com)
Decreased H4-K16Ac was observed in both replicative and oncogene-induced senescence of these cells. (biomedcentral.com)

However, the limited availability of antibodies is a key barrier to the development of a lower cost alternative, namely a discrete collection of immunohistochemistry (IHC)-based biomarkers. (biomedcentral.com)

Identification of miRNAs panel can be thus considered an upcoming and potentially useful strategy in PCa diagnosis, given that radioresistance biomarkers, in both prognosis and therapy still remains a challenge. (frontiersin.org)
Moreover, circRNAs have emerged as potential biomarkers for RCC diagnosis and prognosis and targets for developing new treatments. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, increased levels of miR-210 are directly correlated with poor patient outcomes, suggesting that it could be a potential biomarker for RCC diagnosis and prognosis [ 27 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

MK2 were subjected to a knockdown by interfering RNA, the mRNA and protein levels of HuR in human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs) were not affected. (biomedcentral.com)
Consequently, knockdown of HuR by RNA interference in HPMECs, there was reduction in the stability of ICAM-1 mRNA and ICAM-1 protein level. (biomedcentral.com)
Consistent with classical Ras inhibition, DN R-Ras and R-Ras2 knockdown inhibited proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
Knockdown of p21 with siRNA technology attenuated Zyflamend-induced growth inhibition. (biomedcentral.com)

These mutations are typically seen in the DNA binding domain, which affects transcriptional activity and its overall cellular activities. (shu.edu)
Mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics identified thirteen protein networks distinctly regulated by DN R-Ras, including multiple networks regulating cellular movement and morphology. (biomedcentral.com)
Closer study of an R-Ras regulated pathway containing the signaling protein ROCK1 showed that inhibition of either R-Ras, R-Ras2 or ROCK1 similarly impaired cellular migration and invasion and altered cellular morphology. (biomedcentral.com)

Finally, we discuss clinical significance of the CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing system and inhibitors of SE-related proteins such as BET and CDK7 as potential cancer therapeutics. (ijbs.com)

The present invention relates to diagnosing abnormal cell proliferation in biological samples and screening for drugs which inhibit, reduce or abolish cell growth, especially tumorigenic cell growth, by detecting a phosphovariant isoform of a guanine nucleotide exchange factor biomarker, such as the novel GEF-H1S. (justia.com)

These proteolytic active sites located in the inner side of a chamber formed by 4 stacked rings of 20S subunits, preventing random protein-enzyme encounter and uncontrolled protein degradation. (wikipedia.org)
Mdm2 protein has the activity of an ubiquitin ligase, which allows for the targeted degradation of its substrates, including p53. (shu.edu)
In addition to marking p53 for degradation, Mdm2 also binds to p53 and transports it out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm for degradation. (shu.edu)

Finally, the potential of lncRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers for OSCC diagnosis are also described. (biomedcentral.com)

STAT proteins - especially STAT3 and STAT5 - regulate all of these processes and are persistently activated in a surprisingly large number of human cancers. (researchgate.net)
Some proto-oncogenes work to regulate cell death. (cancerquest.org)
The mutant proteins often retain some of their capabilities but are no longer sensitive to the controls that regulate the normal form of the protein. (cancerquest.org)
it still remains to be determined if there are more proteins that can regulate the RPs-MDM2-p53 pathway. (elifesciences.org)

Mutations in this gene as well as in its related proteins including D-type cyclins, p16(INK4a) and Rb were all found to be associated with tumorigenesis of a variety of cancers. (thermofisher.com)

TP53 encodes the protein p53, which is known as the "guardian of the genome. (medscape.com)
The central dogma of molecular biology states that the transfer of genetic information within cells transpires sequentially from DNA to RNA to proteins, whose coding sequences comprise a paltry 1.5-2% of the human genome [ 2 , 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The initiation and development of tumor cell is accompanied by elevated stresses, such as oncogene activation, DNA damage, genome instability, and reprogrammed tumor metabolism. (nature.com)

Thus, existing techniques and current knowledge have not used nor addressed the interactions of GEF-H1 with other proteins as a means by which cell proliferation can be controlled or the detection and treatment of cancerous, tumorigenic cells and tissues be developed. (justia.com)
We have two copies of each gene and for oncogenes, a single defective copy is enough to cause a cell to divide. (cancerquest.org)
The proto-oncogenes that have been identified so far have many different functions in the cell. (cancerquest.org)
As shown below, binding of the growth factor can lead to cell division. (cancerquest.org)

The gene PSMD2 encodes a non-ATPase subunit of the 19S regulator base, which is responsible for substrate recognition and binding. (wikipedia.org)
RB1 encodes the protein pRB and was the first tumor suppressor gene to be molecularly defined. (medscape.com)
It encodes a protein that prevents separin from promoting sister chromatid separation during mitosis [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
BDNF cDNA encodes a 247 amino acid residue precursor protein with a signal peptide and a proprotein that are cleaved to yield the 119 amino acid residue mature BDNF. (novusbio.com)

However, DN R-Ras inhibition impaired migration and invasion but not survival. (biomedcentral.com)
Inhibition of R-Ras action inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion but not survival. (biomedcentral.com)

Mutations of the NF1 gene potentially results in the activation of multiple Ras proteins, which are key regulators of many biologic effects. (biomedcentral.com)
CircRNAs have essential functions as microRNA sponges, RNA-binding protein- and transcriptional regulators, and protein translation templates. (biomedcentral.com)

We have shown that classic Ras proteins promote proliferation and survival, but not migration, in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) cells. (biomedcentral.com)

With the launch of the human proteome project (HPP), the association of Y chromosome proteins with pathological conditions has been increasingly explored. (biomedcentral.com)

Heat shock family of proteins (HSPs) is proposed to play pivotal role in breast tumor development owing to their intrinsic molecular chaperone properties [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

In this review, based on the perspective of small molecule fluorescent probes, we reviewed the design ideas, photophysical properties, and applications of receptor-targeting probes for detecting biomarkers in imaging and tracing cancer cells and prospected the future developmental direction of such probes. (bvsalud.org)
Vitamin D is a steroid hormone that exerts most of its biological activities by binding to a specific high-affinity receptor, the vitamin D receptor (VDR). (biomedcentral.com)
Receptor de la superficie celular con actividad tirosina cinasa que se sobreexpresa en un número significativo de ADENOCARCINOMAS. (bvsalud.org)
Activation of the erbB-2 receptor occurs through heterodimer formation with a ligand-bound erbB receptor family member. (bvsalud.org)

In rats, hepatic ketogenic capacity increases rapidly during postnatal development ( 4 ) or fasting ( 5 ) when the mRNA, protein, and activity of HMGCS2 increase in liver ( 6 - 8 ). (aacrjournals.org)
Administration of dibutyryl-cyclic AMP to adult rats increases mRNA, protein levels, and enzymatic activity of HMGCS2 in the liver ( 6, 9 ). (aacrjournals.org)

Loss of the Ras GTPase-activating protein neurofibromin promotes nervous system tumor pathogenesis in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). (biomedcentral.com)
However, it is unclear whether R-Ras, R-Ras2 and M-Ras are expressed and hyperactivated in MPNSTs and, if so, whether they contribute to MPNST pathogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)

Nevertheless, HuR silencing had no effect on the mRNA and protein levels of IL-8. (biomedcentral.com)

Here, we identify SPIN1 (Spindlin 1) as a novel binding partner of human RPL5/uL18 that is important for this pathway. (elifesciences.org)

Guanine nucleotide exchange factors ("GEFs") stimulate the dissociation of the GTP hydrolytic product, GDP, from small GTP-binding proteins, to promote the binding of a new GTP molecule. (justia.com)

In normal cells, both internal and external signals control the activity of the oncogenes. (cancerquest.org)
R-Ras2 was uniformly expressed in MPNST cells, with R-Ras present in a major subset. (biomedcentral.com)
Both proteins were activated in neurofibromin-null MPNST cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Both R-Ras and R-Ras2 are expressed in MPNST cells and activated. (biomedcentral.com)

It also have subunits that can bind with nucleotides (e.g. (wikipedia.org)

Consequently, STAT proteins are emerging - unexpectedly - as ideal targets for cancer therapy. (researchgate.net)

Anatomy9

Organisms2

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs56

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment8

Phenomena and Processes28

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science3

Signaling pathway2

Genes22

Tumor suppressors and oncogenes2

Pathways7

Kinase10

Tumors4

Downstream3

Encode proteins2

Inhibitor2

Apoptosis4

Suppressors1

Prognostic4

Molecules4

Chromatin4

Ribosomal5

Expression17

Progression2

Regulatory5

Peptides2

Senescence2

Immunohistochemistry1

Prognosis3

Knockdown4

Cellular3

Inhibitors1

Abnormal1

Degradation3

Diagnosis1

Regulate4

INK4A1

Genome3

Cell4

Encodes4

Inhibition2

Regulators2

Proliferation1

Proteome1

Pivotal role1

Receptor4

Increases2

Pathogenesis2

MRNA1

RPL51

Molecule1

Cells4

Nucleotides1

Therapy1