PeptidesPeptideMechanismResiduesHydrophobic collapseMotifSequencesTransmembraneHypothesisSimulationsViral proteinsMembrane proteinsAntiparallel Beta sheetNeurodegenerative DisordersStructural BiologyStructuresConformational changesStructureMRNAAlzheimer'sGenesTertiaryHistoneMotifsAtomsMonomersPrion diseaseTranscriptionalCellularTopologyPhenomenaMitochondriaModulatesInteractionsCompriseClassificationFoldingEukaryotesInhibitoryVitroMutationsParticlesFormHydrogenLiving organismsDimerPolypeptideAmino Acid SeqSequenceRibosomesConsistsPhosphorylationTherapeuticEnzymesEnzymeStrandsRemarkablySynergisticBacteriaExploits
Peptides6
- have used protein NMR to show that beta-hairpins can be formed from isolated short peptides in aqueous solution, suggesting that hairpins could form nucleation sites for protein folding. (wikipedia.org)
- Proteins that are β-sheet rich, also called WW domains, function by adhering to proline-rich and/or phosphorylated peptides to mediate protein-protein interactions. (wikipedia.org)
- Conversely, larger assemblies are comprised of extended peptides in predominately antiparallel β-sheets and are stable relative to the length of the simulations. (lincoln.ac.uk)
- In some simulations, assemblies containing both β-hairpin and linear peptides are evident. (lincoln.ac.uk)
- Laser induced temperature jump (T-jump) relaxation kinetics were measured with infrared absorbance (IR) detection for a set of β-hairpin peptides, related to the Trpzip2 hairpin, but containing single isotopic labels, 13C on the amide C═O of selected residues both in the center of the strands and at the terminal regions of the hairpin. (uni-konstanz.de)
- 2016. Dimerization Mechanism of Alzheimer A beta(40) Peptides: The High Content of Intrapeptide-Stabilized Conformations in A2V and A2T Heterozygous Dimers Retards Amyloid Fibril Formation . (ibpc.fr)
Peptide9
- Using all-atom, molecular simulations, it is demonstrated that the monomeric 109-122 peptide has a preference for α-helical conformations, but that this peptide can also form β-hairpin structures resulting from turns around specific glycine residues of the peptide. (lincoln.ac.uk)
- Altering a single amino acid within the 109-122 peptide (A117V, associated with familial prion disease) increases the prevalence of β-hairpin formation and these observations are replicated in a longer peptide, comprising residues 106-126. (lincoln.ac.uk)
- Small molecular assemblies, consistent with oligomers, comprise peptide monomers in a β-hairpin-like conformation and in many simulations appear to exist only transiently. (lincoln.ac.uk)
- the carbonyl oxygen and the amido hydrogen of the peptide bond lie in the plane of the Beta structure. (flashcardmachine.com)
- In this paper, 58 folding events sampled during 47 molecular dynamics trajectories for a total simulation time of more than 4 μs provide an atomic detail picture of the folding of a 20-residue synthetic peptide with a stable three-stranded antiparallel β-sheet fold. (uzh.ch)
- Here, we report the implementation of a library-based approach to test the assembly tolerance of PP7 dimer capsid proteins to insertions or terminal extensions of randomized 15-mer peptide sequences. (bvsalud.org)
- Each hormone peptide has its own class B type G-protein coupled receptor 19 , 21 functioning along identical receptor activating schemes (Fig. 1c ). (nature.com)
- Metal binding ability and coordination modes of the copper(II) and zinc(II) complexes of various peptide fragments of prion, amyloid-β, and tau proteins, are summarized in this review. (eurekaselect.com)
- Results of the metal ion-catalyzed oxidation of peptide fragments of prion, amyloid-β, and tau proteins are also summarized. (eurekaselect.com)
Mechanism7
- Understanding the mechanism through which micro-domains fold can help to shed light onto the folding patterns of whole proteins. (wikipedia.org)
- Once the initial turn has been established, two mechanisms have been proposed as to how the rest of the beta-hairpin folds: a hydrophobic collapse with side-chain level rearrangements, or the more accepted zipper-like mechanism. (wikipedia.org)
- The folding mechanism presented here, formation of a β-hairpin followed by consolidation, is in agreement with a computational study of the free energy surface of another synthetic three-stranded antiparallel β-sheet by Bursulaya and Brooks [(1999) J. Am. Chem. (uzh.ch)
- Bacteria also export (to the periplasm) N-tails of membrane proteins synthesized without leader sequences by a Sec (Type IIPS)-independent mechanism. (tcdb.org)
- 1 Reversible protein phosphorylation is an important regulatory mechanism that controls the activities of a myriad of proteins and is thus involved in virtually every major physiological process. (ac.be)
- 2017). This protein also bears two HMG-boxes but the mechanism of binding is from one side of the DNA, as a staple. (csic.es)
- Herein, is a review of the history of plant defensins since their discovery at the beginning of 90s, following the advances on its structure conformation and mechanism of action towards microorganisms is reported. (frontiersin.org)
Residues11
- Beta hairpins were originally categorized solely by the number of amino acid residues in their loop sequences, such that they were named one-residue, two-residue, etc. (wikipedia.org)
- This system, however, is somewhat ambiguous as it does not take into account whether the residues that signal the end of the hairpin are singly or doubly hydrogen bonded to one another. (wikipedia.org)
- Each class begins with the smallest possible number of loop residues and progressively increases the loop size by removing hydrogen bonds in the beta sheet. (wikipedia.org)
- The primary hairpin of class 1 is a one-residue loop where the bound residues share two hydrogen bonds. (wikipedia.org)
- Singly bound residues are counted in the loop sequence but also signal the end of the loop, thus defining this hairpin as a three-residue loop. (wikipedia.org)
- A key, hydrophobic domain within the prion protein, comprising residues 109-122, recapitulates many properties of the full protein, such as helix-to-sheet structural transition, formation of fibrils and cytotoxicity of the misfolded isoform. (lincoln.ac.uk)
- If C═O's in the β-strand portion of the hairpin (between the Trp residues) are labeled, the dynamic behavior of the local modes is similar to the results obtained with double labels in terms of relaxation time and activation energy and closely tracks the kinetics of the β-strand components. (uni-konstanz.de)
- Imidazole-N donors are the primary metal binding sites of all three proteins, but the difference in the location of these residues and the presence or absence of other coordinating side chains result in significant differences in the complex formation processes. (eurekaselect.com)
- Structurally, these proteins consist of three domains: a signal sequence, a conserved region of about 100 residues that contains four cysteines involved in two disulphide bonds, and a highly divergent C-terminal section of variable size. (bicnirrh.res.in)
- Cecropins are small proteins of about 35 amino acid residues active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. (bicnirrh.res.in)
- An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal 1,4-linked alpha-D-glucose residues successively from non-reducing ends of polysaccharide chains with the release of beta-glucose. (lookformedical.com)
Hydrophobic collapse1
- Analysis of the data supports a multistate folding process, consistent with the hydrophobic collapse hypothesis for hairpin folding, but it is not possible to clearly define a folding and unfolding rate. (uni-konstanz.de)
Motif3
- The beta hairpin (sometimes also called beta-ribbon or beta-beta unit) is a simple protein structural motif involving two beta strands that look like a hairpin. (wikipedia.org)
- The β-hairpin loop motif can be found in many macromolecular proteins. (wikipedia.org)
- The protein contains four AT hooks, a SET domain, a PHD-finger motif, and a bromodomain. (cancerindex.org)
Sequences4
- Mitochondria import nuclearly-encoded proteins, made in the cell cytoplasm, into the mitochondrial matrix where their mitochondrial targeting sequences are removed by proteolysis. (tcdb.org)
- The complete sequences for novel viruses or the partial sequences of capsid proteins, hypothetical viral proteins, and RdRps were used to identify their taxonomy. (bvsalud.org)
- By now you get the idea that cells generate proteins, which are sequences of amino acids. (ainews.one)
- The central dogma of molecular biology states that the transfer of genetic information within cells transpires sequentially from DNA to RNA to proteins, whose coding sequences comprise a paltry 1.5-2% of the human genome [ 2 , 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Transmembrane3
- 2022 ). The YidC transmembrane (TM) groove is essential for a high- affinity interaction, and the hydrophilic nature of the YidC groove plays an important role in protein transport across the cytoplasmic membrane bilayer to the periplasmic side. (tcdb.org)
- Microbial rhodopsins (Rhs) are transmembrane proteins that utilize light-induced isomerization of their retinal cofactor to function as light-sensitive ion channels, pumps and sensors. (elifesciences.org)
- FGFRs are a class of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and are single-pass membrane proteins made of N-terminal extracellular (EC) domains with three immunoglobulin-like subdomains (D1, D2 and D3), a transmembrane (TM) domain with a single α-helix, and an intracellular (IC) region which includes tyrosine kinase motifs, a juxta-membrane domain and a carboxyl-terminal tail [12-14]. (123dok.org)
Hypothesis1
- Additionally, the beta-hairpin loops (at both ends of the tick salivary lipocalin barrel) were reported to have a functional role in sequestering histamine and the results in the current study concur and provide evidence for this hypothesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Simulations3
- These simulations provide an important new atomic-level model for the formation of oligomers and fibrils of the prion protein and suggest that stabilization of β-hairpin structure may enhance cellular toxicity by altering the balance between oligomeric and fibrillar protein assemblies. (lincoln.ac.uk)
- To date, molecular dynamics simulations focus on protein-protein and protein-ligand interactions, but there are currently no studies for simultaneous ligand exploration between two competing proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
- The simulations successfully reproduce the NMR solution conformation, irrespective of the starting structure. (uzh.ch)
Membrane proteins1
- 2001 ). Mitochondria have two, one for co-translational, and one for post-translational insertion of membrane proteins. (tcdb.org)
Antiparallel Beta sheet2
- two strands of multi stranded antiparallel Beta sheet in which one strand, the long on, contains one more a.a. than the other stand, the short one. (flashcardmachine.com)
- The zinc finger folds in a conformation termed a zinc ribbon [ ( PUBMED:7626141 ) ] characterised by a three-stranded antiparallel beta-sheet and two beta-hairpins. (embl.de)
Neurodegenerative Disorders1
- The Teplow laboratory seeks to understand and treat neurodegenerative disorders linked to pathologic protein folding. (ucla.edu)
Structural Biology2
- From 1991 through 2004, Dr. Teplow was a faculty member in the Departments of Neurology at Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, where he established a research program to understand the structural biology of the amyloid beta-protein (Abeta) and its contribution to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). (ucla.edu)
- Dr. Teplow is a leader in the areas of the structural biology of amyloid proteins and the biophysics of amyloid assembly. (ucla.edu)
Structures9
- small piece of non-repetitive structure that occurs by itself, but most often it occurs as an irregularity in antiparallel Beta structures. (flashcardmachine.com)
- Zinc-binding motifs are stable structures, and they rarely undergo conformational changes upon binding their target. (embl.de)
- Aided by state-of-the-art, high-throughput computational methods, the current study simulated and analyzed the dynamics of competitive histamine binding at the tick-host interface using the available crystal structures of both the tick salivary lipocalin histamine-binding protein from Rhipicephalus appendiculatus and the human histamine receptor 1. (biomedcentral.com)
- In contrast, one protein forms various structures and implements other biological phenomena depending on the situation. (springeropen.com)
- The basic principle that forms these hierarchical structures is protein self-assembly. (springeropen.com)
- Supramolecular assembly is a very common phenomena in nature and these natural supramolecular proteins have various structures, from simple structures to complex structures [ 1 , 2 ]. (springeropen.com)
- however, more protein structures have been identified by advanced technology (Fig. 1 ). (springeropen.com)
- A better understanding of the proteins contributes to designing new supramolecular structures from rational design to de novo design. (springeropen.com)
- Recently, the de novo design of proteins that start from scratch can create a new topology beyond experimentally determined structures. (springeropen.com)
Conformational changes3
- Protein misfolding disorders are associated with conformational changes in specific proteins, leading to the formation of potentially neurotoxic amyloid fibrils. (lincoln.ac.uk)
- At different stages of the insertion process, conformational changes in YidC's TM domain and membrane core have a mechanistic effect on Pf3 coat protein insertion. (tcdb.org)
- Variations in the amino acids are reflected by small conformational changes in the tertiary structure that contribute to the broad range of biological activities in these proteins. (frontiersin.org)
Structure15
- On the other hand, amino acid insertions and deletions will have to unfold and reform the entire beta strand in order to avoid a beta bulge in the secondary structure. (wikipedia.org)
- Thus, in this work oligomers are on pathway to fibril formation and a preference for β-hairpin structure should enhance oligomer formation whilst inhibiting maturation into fibrils. (lincoln.ac.uk)
- most prevalent and stable form of helical structure in naturally occurring proteins. (flashcardmachine.com)
- Studies using cryo-EM have shown NC folding within the exit tunnel is largely limited to the formation of rudimentary secondary structure, pre-dominantly α helices within different areas of the tunnel, while β hairpins as well as the formation of small domains in the wider vestibule region of the tunnel 9-13. (biorxiv.org)
- Nonetheless, nascent polypeptides with more complex tertiary structure fold close to and outside the tunnel, as found for spectrin - a three-helix bundle protein, and titin, an all beta-sheet immunoglobulin domain 10,13. (biorxiv.org)
- The crystal structure of one of these tick salivary Ra-HBPs (Ra-HBP2) revealed a few structural deviations from the archetypal lipocalin protein family, that it sequesters two histamine molecules, and also causes an inhibition of guinea-pig ileum to contract by competing with H1R/H2R for histamine binding [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- AlphaFold's Protein Structure Database provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and 20 other organisms to accelerate scientific research. (ainews.one)
- Other proteins studied in the laboratory and whose structure we solved include single-strand binding protein mtSSB (or SSBP1, Piro-Mégy et al. (csic.es)
- The laboratory is interested in the determination of the structure of proteins important for pathogen viability and virulence. (csic.es)
- His graduate work, which involved protein chemical studies of cell surface receptors, led him to Caltech in Pasadena, where he worked first as a postdoctoral fellow and then as a junior faculty member to develop highly sensitive methods for protein primary structure analysis and to apply these new methods to the study of proteins in the nervous system. (ucla.edu)
- Various proteins form one complex structure to control detailed reactions. (springeropen.com)
- We define the components of protein assembly in three aspects: folding structure unit, protein-protein interface, and assembly symmetry (Fig. 2 ). (springeropen.com)
- Each components determine the overall structure of supramolecular protein structure and their functions. (springeropen.com)
- The development of computational power and increased protein structure databases has expanded our knowledge to understand and design folding units. (springeropen.com)
- enzyme binds to its own mRNA and stabilizes a hairpin structure that sequesters the start codon. (statsignaling.com)
MRNA3
- In protein expression, we are particularly interested in mRNA, which acts as a portable transcript, of the instructions written in genes, to ribosomes, the cell's machinery responsible for producing a protein. (ainews.one)
- For example, the sequence AUG (in the mRNA) is a codon that specifies the amino acid methionine, which almost always specifies the beginning of a protein. (ainews.one)
- When in complex with dUMP (2′-deoxyuridine-5′-monophosphate) and a THF (tetrahydrofolate) cofactor, the enzyme adopts a conformation that is unable to bind and repress expression of mRNA. (statsignaling.com)
Alzheimer's3
- Kaniyappan S , Balaji V, Wang Y, Mandelkow E . Microfluidic Chamber Technology to Study Missorting and Spreading of Tau Protein in Alzheimer's Disease. (neurotree.org)
- Wegmann S , Biernat J, Mandelkow E . A current view on Tau protein phosphorylation in Alzheimer's disease. (neurotree.org)
- Gomes, C.M. Metals and neuronal metal binding proteins implicated in Alzheimer's disease. (eurekaselect.com)
Genes4
- In eukaryotes the initiation of transcription of protein encoding genes by polymerase II (Pol II) is modulated by general and specific transcription factors. (embl.de)
- As a transcription factor, many of the functional cellular roles of the p53 protein are elicited through direct DNA binding to sequence-specific cis-regulatory elements [ 3 ] leading to the transactivation or transrepression of target genes. (biomedcentral.com)
- In particular, the present invention provides neurogenesis inducing genes coding for Zic proteins, vectors containing such genes, host cells containing such vectors, proteins produced by such host cells, antibodies raised to such proteins, and therapeutic agents or agents for gene therapy for nervous diseases. (justia.com)
- miRNAs are either expressed from independent transcriptional units or derive from introns of protein-coding genes or exons or introns of long ncRNAs. (biomedcentral.com)
Tertiary1
- The cation is formed by protonation of an alkene and the rearrangement step transforms a stable tertiary cation into a less stable secondary cation. (chemtube3d.com)
Histone1
- BACKGROUND The histone methyltransferase (HMT) family includes histone lysine methyltransferases (HKMTs) and histone/protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs). (cancerindex.org)
Motifs2
- Zinc finger (Znf) domains are relatively small protein motifs which contain multiple finger-like protrusions that make tandem contacts with their target molecule. (embl.de)
- They display considerable versatility in binding modes, even between members of the same class (e.g. some bind DNA, others protein), suggesting that Znf motifs are stable scaffolds that have evolved specialised functions. (embl.de)
Atoms1
- The composition, conformation, and properties of atoms and molecules, and their reaction and interaction processes. (lookformedical.com)
Monomers1
Prion disease2
- During pathogenesis of prion disease, the prion protein misfolds into β-sheet rich, protease-resistant isoforms. (lincoln.ac.uk)
- Dalton Trans, R. Aberrant metal binding by prion protein in human prion disease. (eurekaselect.com)
Transcriptional1
- Despite data supporting the transcriptional activity of p53 protein in differentiation, few genetic targets have been described and fewer still within a neuronal context. (biomedcentral.com)
Cellular6
- Ribosomes maintain a healthy cellular proteome by synthesising proteins. (biorxiv.org)
- At the sub-cellular scale, maps document the spatial organization of proteins, RNA, DNA, and metabolites with nanometer precision and temporal acuity on the order of seconds. (stanford.edu)
- Although intracellular signal transduction is often portrayed as a protein kinase 'domino effect', the counterbalancing function of phosphatases, and thus the control of phosphatase activity, is equally relevant to proper regulation of cellular function. (ac.be)
- Although viewed as a constitutive housekeeping enzyme in the past, PP2A is a highly regulated phosphatase and is emerging as an important regulator of multiple cellular processes involving protein phosphorylation. (ac.be)
- But advances in the understanding of protein phosphatases make now clear that these enzymes are precisely regulated and are as important as kinases in the regulation of cellular processes involving protein phosphorylation. (ac.be)
- 2 Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a very abundant - it accounts for as much as 1% of total cellular proteins - ubiquitous and remarkably conserved enzyme. (ac.be)
Topology3
- The global topology of this denatured form of staphylococcal nuclease, as described by an ensemble of conformations consistent with the data, is strikingly similar to that of the native state, the major difference being the segregation of two hydrophobic segments that form a beta hairpin in the native state. (johnshopkins.edu)
- These findings suggest that the topology of a protein's fold is established in the denatured state in the absence of cooperative interactions involving tight packing or stable hydrogen bonding. (johnshopkins.edu)
- Insertion of a membrane protein via the Oxa1p export machinery follows the 'positive-inside' rule for membrane protein topology. (tcdb.org)
Phenomena2
- Several phenomena occurring throughout the life of living things start and end with proteins. (springeropen.com)
- Our review presents a description of the components of supramolecular protein assembly and their application in understanding biological phenomena to therapeutics. (springeropen.com)
Mitochondria1
- An iron-sulfur protein which serves as an electron carrier in enzymatic steroid hydroxylation reactions in adrenal cortex mitochondria. (lookformedical.com)
Modulates2
- Structural details on the organisation of FLN5 and FLN6 NC within the ribosome and the effect of the ribosome on the folding of FLN5 remains to be understood that would help to address the question on how the ribosome modulates co-translational protein folding. (biorxiv.org)
- Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI4,5P2, hereafter referred to as PIP2) either binds to intracellular proteins and directly modulates their subcellular localization and activity or acts as a precursor for the generation of other second messengers. (biomedcentral.com)
Interactions3
- long range interactions within the protein molecule. (flashcardmachine.com)
- Beta-hairpins may be the smallest folding units in a protein, and two antiparallel beta-strands connected by a turn make the simplest model system for analysis of the interactions and dynamics of betasheets. (uni-konstanz.de)
- The described setup and experimental design enable real-time monitoring of substrate turnover in light-activated enzymes on a molecular scale, thus opening the pathway to a deeper understanding of enzyme activity and protein-protein interactions. (elifesciences.org)
Comprise1
- Beta hairpins can occur in isolation or as part of a series of hydrogen bonded strands that collectively comprise a beta sheet. (wikipedia.org)
Classification1
- Pi This classification scheme not only accounts for various degrees of hydrogen bonding, but also says something about the biological behavior of the hairpin. (wikipedia.org)
Folding8
- Studies of a beta hairpin called chignolin (see Chignolin on Proteopedia) have uncovered a stepwise folding process that drives beta-hairpin folding. (wikipedia.org)
- In the folding of overall proteins, the turn may originate not in the native turn region but in the C-strand of the beta-hairpin. (wikipedia.org)
- Protein folding is a grand challenge of the postgenomic era. (uzh.ch)
- The statistically predominant folding pathway involves the formation of contacts between strands 2 and 3, starting with the side chains close to the turn, followed by association of the N-terminal strand onto the preformed 2-3 β-hairpin. (uzh.ch)
- 2018 ). Through YidC, proteins are inserted into the lipid bilayer via the SecYEG-dependent complex, but YidC functions as a chaperone in protein folding processes. (tcdb.org)
- In Protein Folding, Misfolding, and Disease: rules and aggresomes, courses in the ebook competition in the marketplace health care in yield a cemetery of dependent minutes for Sealing the vandalism of present section and part, understanding sites for working and caring natural impurities which can closely Immerse seen in maxillary papers. (firefox-gadget.de)
- Moreover, with advances in the computational design of protein folding and protein-protein interfaces, considerable progress has recently been made in the de novo design of protein assemblies. (springeropen.com)
- These building blocks are mostly composed of α-helices, β-sheets, or a mixture of them (Fig. 3 A). The symmetry of the units and dimensions of the supramolecular protein are determined, depending on how the folding unit is configured. (springeropen.com)
Eukaryotes1
Inhibitory1
- In addition to ligand-regulated degradation of β-catenin, Wnt signaling is antagonized by extracellular factors that inhibit the ability of Wnt ligands to bind to Fzd and initiate signaling, such as the secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRP1, WNT inhibitory factor (WIF) and dickkopf (DKK) [3] . (plos.org)
Vitro2
- In vitro assays confirm that both drugs inhibit the human protein TMPRSS2, a SARS-Cov-2 spike protein activator. (rsc.org)
- Hochmair J, Exner C, Betzel C, Mandelkow E , Wegmann S . Light Microscopy and Dynamic Light Scattering to Study Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation of Tau Proteins In Vitro. (neurotree.org)
Mutations2
- As substitutions are the most common amino acid mutations, a protein could potentially undergo a conversion without affecting the functionality of the beta hairpin. (wikipedia.org)
- Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
Particles3
- 10-13 TMPRSS2 contains an extracellular trypsin-like serine-protease domain that can proteolytically activate the spike (S) protein on the surface of SARS-CoV-2 viral particles 14 ( Fig. 1 ). (rsc.org)
- Capsid virus-like particles (cVLPs), assembled from viral coat proteins, are used as therapeutic cargo delivery vehicles as well as molecular scaffolds for display of vaccine antigens. (bvsalud.org)
- Self-assembling virus-like particles (VLPs) can tolerate a wide degree of genetic and chemical manipulation to their capsid protein to display a foreign molecule polyvalently. (bvsalud.org)
Form2
- We find that nafamostat has a higher MC population than camostat and GBPA, suggesting that nafamostat is more readily available to form the stable covalent enzyme-substrate intermediate, effectively explaining its high potency. (rsc.org)
- Amyloid-β can form highly stable complexes with both copper(II) and zinc(II) ions, but the preferred binding sites are different for the two metal ions. (eurekaselect.com)
Hydrogen2
- One hydrogen bond is then removed to create a three-residue loop, which is the secondary hairpin of class 1. (wikipedia.org)
- Single amino acid replacements may destroy a particular hydrogen bond, but will not unfold the hairpin or change its class. (wikipedia.org)
Living organisms1
- Ribosomes are nano-machines that translate information coded in a messenger RNA into proteins in all living organisms. (biorxiv.org)
Dimer1
- Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a widely expressed family of protein phosphatases made of a core dimer, composed of a catalytic (C) subunit and a structural (A) subunit, in association with a third variable regulatory (B) subunit. (ac.be)
Polypeptide1
- The RNA chain is decoded and translated by ribosomes to produce a polypeptide sequence, otherwise known as a protein. (ainews.one)
Amino Acid Seq4
- In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a recombinant protein having a protein comprising at least a portion of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:2. (justia.com)
- In some embodiments, the present invention provides a protein which consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 having a deletion, substitution, or addition of at least one amino acid and which has neurogenesis inducing activity. (justia.com)
- The present invention also relates to a gene which hybridizes with the neurogenesis inducing gene encoding for a protein comprising at least a portion of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:2. (justia.com)
- In another embodiment, the present invention relates to an isolated nucleic acid encoding a protein having at least a portion of the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 42 and in SEQ ID NO: 44. (justia.com)
Sequence2
- This hairpin has sequence features similar to over 13,000 known hairpins, and thus may serve as a more general model for beta hairpin formation. (wikipedia.org)
- A beta-hairpin comprising the nuclear localization sequence sustains the self-associated states of nucleosome assembly protein 1. (colorado.edu)
Ribosomes1
Consists3
- This family consists of several caerin 1 proteins from Litoria species, Australian tree frogs. (bicnirrh.res.in)
- This family consists of clavanin proteins from the haemocytes of the invertebrate Styela clava (Sea squirt), a solitary tunicate. (bicnirrh.res.in)
- This family consists of several insect coleoptericin, acaloleptin, holotricin and rhinocerosin proteins which are all known to be antibacterial proteins. (bicnirrh.res.in)
Phosphorylation1
- 4 While proteins can be phosphorylated on nine amino acids, serine, threonine and tyrosine phosphorylation are by far the most predominant in eukaryotic cells. (ac.be)
Therapeutic1
- Discovery of non-genotoxic mechanisms through which p53 protein may be activated within tumor cells harboring wild-type p53 remains an important therapeutic objective, both in effort to alleviate traditional off-target chemotherapeutic side-effects and to prevent the unpredictable mutagenicity characteristic of these therapies. (biomedcentral.com)
Enzymes1
- In the past, most of the attention was focused primarily on protein kinases and on their regulation, mainly because phosphatases were then viewed as simple housekeeping enzymes. (ac.be)
Enzyme1
- In the hTS enzyme, a helix-loop-helix domain on the protein surface was identified as the putative RNA-binding site. (statsignaling.com)
Strands1
- These labels have distinct frequency patterns and different thermal behaviors depending on their position in the hairpin and reflect the local structural variation along the strands. (uni-konstanz.de)
Remarkably1
- The cyclotides are extremely resistant to proteolysis and are remarkably stable. (bicnirrh.res.in)
Synergistic1
- The Dl and Twist proteins appear to make synergistic contact with the basal transcription complex, so that snail is activated throughout the presumptive mesoderm in response to both peak and high levels of the Dl gradient. (sdbonline.org)
Bacteria1
- Homologues of the yeast Oxa1 protein are found in chloroplasts of plants and in a wide variety of bacteria. (tcdb.org)
Exploits2
- As other coronaviruses, 6-9 SARS-CoV-2 exploits host proteins to initiate cell-entry, in particular TMPRSS2 and ACE2, two membrane-bound proteins expressed in the upper and lower respiratory tract. (rsc.org)
- This modular cVLP platform exploits a split-protein (Tag/Catcher) conjugation system to enable high-density, unidirectional antigen display. (bvsalud.org)